Party Politics in Socialist Countries:One Hundred Years of Exploration

Over the long history of political civilization,the 100 years of the party politics of socialist countries has emerged as a new form of politics.Exploration of the last 100 years of the party politics of socialist countries deals with the self-governance and national governance of Marxist ruling parties.It reflects intraparty relationships,interparty relationships,relationships between party and government and relationships between party and society,as well as foreign relations,and spans three historical periods,comprising the first establishment of party politics in Soviet Russia;the adoption of party rule in other countries,with concomitant setbacks;and the achievement by China,Vietnam and other countries of party political innovation and development.A review of the experience of the past hundred years shows that success in making party politics the basic system in socialist countries and in tapping its full potential is attributable to the efforts made by Marxist ruling parties to undertake fruitful theoretical reflection and grasp values,adhere to the truth and correct mistakes on the basis of exceptional strategic confidence and policy commitment,while constantly opening up new stages of theoretical understanding and practical development.The party politics of socialist countries in the 21 st century drives their modernization andcultivates and improves their practice.The union of the two in the magnificent historical process of the sustainable development of socialist institutional civilization will have major and far-reaching significance for building a brighter future for humanity.

From Building a “Xiaokang Society” to Building a “Modern Socialist Country in All Respects”

Since the reform and opening up,tremendous changes have taken place in China.The initial objective of building a xiaokang or moderately prosperous society developed into a national development plan,which adopted a phased approach:first,“building a xiaokang society in an all-round way,” followed by “completing the building of a xiaokang society in all respects.” The efforts have paid off:The Chinese nation has stood up,become prosperous and grown in strength,creating two miracles—rapid economic growth and long-term social stability.After achieving the first centennial goal of building a xiaokang society in all respects,China has embarked on a new journey toward the second goal of building a great modern socialist country.A new two-step development strategy has been drawn up,laying a solid theoretical and practical foundation for the realization of the second centennial goal.

Logic and Theory Construction of Advancing and Expanding Chinese Modernization

Advancing and expanding Chinese modernization is an inherent requirement and fundamental guarantee for building a great modern socialist country in all respects and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.By systematically grasping the logical clue of advancing and expanding Chinese modernization,and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,from the perspectives of theoretical implication,historical evolution,and practical position,the Communist Party of China(CPC)can clarify the direction and goals of advancing and expanding Chinese modernization,and deepen our understanding of the world modernization path based on advancing peoplecentered modernization in all respects by putting the people first,highlighting distinctive advantages of Chinese modernization by standing on Chinese own feet,and adhering to peaceful development,and analyze the underlying value concepts for advancing and expanding Chinese modernization.In terms of practical approach,Chinese modernization can be advanced in a stable and farreaching manner,and new glories can be created only by further strengthening the guidance of the Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era on Chinese modernization,upholding and enhancing the CPC's overall leadership in the whole process of Chinese modernization,promoting high-quality economic and social development to empower and strengthen the foundation of the stability and success of Chinese modernization,and actively seizing the strategic opportunity to advance Chinese modernization under the great changes unseen in a century,so that a solid inherent impetus and a supporting guarantee for the construction of a great modern socialist country in all aspects and the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation can be provided.

China: Achieving the Vision of Common Prosperity in 2035

This paper discusses how to realize the visionary goal of “basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035 and achieving more obvious and substantial progress in the common prosperity of all people,” proposed by the fifth plenary session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Based on the Marxist political economy, this paper focuses on the theoretical and practical issues of common prosperity. It then comprehensively elaborates on the profound connotation of common prosperity, the goals, the ways by which to achieve it, and the design of indicator system and assessment methods to be used. Looking ahead to the next years, it makes a medium- and long-term analysis and forecasts on the economic and social goals related to the development of common prosperity from 2021 to 2035, analyzes the opportunities and challenges involved in achieving common prosperity, proposes to continuously narrow the three major development gaps between regions, urban and rural areas, and residents' incomes, realizes the goal of equalizing basic public services, and finally offers a strategic path by which to achieve common prosperity over a series of steps and stages. The strategic path, major tasks, and key measures for achieving common prosperity in stages featured in the Chinese experience will provide the rest of the world with references by which to solve the challenges of wealth gaps for humankind.