Radioiodine therapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer following prostate-specific membrane antigen promoter-mediated transfer of the human sodium iodide symporter

Radioiodine therapy, the most effective form of systemic radiotherapy available, is currently useful only for thyroid cancer because of the thyroid-specific expression of the human sodium iodide symporter （hNIS）. Here, we explore the efficacy of a novel form of gene therapy using prostate-specific membrane antigen （PSMA） promoter-mediated hNIS gene transfer followed by radioiodine administration for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer （CRPC）. The androgen-dependent C33 LNCaP cell line and the androgen-independent C81 LNCaP cell line were transfected by adenovirus. PSMA promoter-hNIS （Ad.PSMApro-hNIS） or adenovirus.cytomegalovirus-hNIS containing the cytomegalovirus promoter （Ad.CMM-hNIS） or a control virus. The iodide uptake was measured in vitro. The in vivo iodide uptake by C81 cell xenografts in nude mice injected with an adenovirus carrying the hNIS gene linked to PSMA and the corresponding tumor volume fluctuation were assessed. Iodide accumulation was shown in different LNCaP cell lines after Ad.PSMApro-hNIS and Ad.CMV-hNIS infection, but not in different LNCaP cell lines after adenovirus.cytomegalovirus （Ad.CMV） infection. At each time point, higher iodide uptake was shown in the C81 cells infected with Ad.PSMApro-hNIS than in the C33 cells （P 〈 0.05）. An in vivo animal model showed a significant difference in 1311 radioiodine uptake in the tumors infected with Ad.PSMApro-hNIS, Ad.CMV-hNIS and control virus （P 〈 0.05） and a maximum reduction of tumor volume in mice infected with Ad.PSMApro-hNIS. These results show prostate-specific expression of the hNIS gene delivered by the PSMA promoter and effective radioiodine therapy of CRPC by the PSMA promoter-driven hNIS transfection.

Human sodium/iodide symporter gene induced iodine uptake in human lung adenocarcinoma via baculovirus

To investigate human sodium/iodide symporter (hNIS) induced iodine uptake in human lung adenocarcinoma via baculovirus, a recombinant baculovirus encoding hNIS gene was constructed under the control of CMV promoter (Bac-CMV-hNIS). In vitro, baculovirus infected A549 cells accumulated about 27 times more 125I than that of noninfected cells. The 125I uptake was maximal after 30-min incubation of the cells, and efflux of the radioactivity was rapid, with 50% lost during the first 2 min after 125I-containing medium had been replaced by nonradioactive medium. Competition experiments in the presence of sodium perchlorate revealed a dose-dependent decrease of 125I uptake. Bac-CMV-hNIS infected tumor cells were selectively killed by exposure to 131I, as revealed by clonogenic assays. In nude mice, Bac-CMV-hNIS infected A549 cells accumulated more 131I than that of the control monitored by 1-h scintigraphy after 131I administration. The transduction of hNIS gene through baculovirus is sufficient to induce iodine transporting in A549 cells in vitro and in vivo, outlining the potential of this novel tumor gene imaging approach. But a rapid efflux of radioactivity from the tumor was shown in vivo and the in vivo therapy test showed no sign of effect.

Transfection of the Human Sodium/Iodide Symporter(NIS) Gene with Liposomes and the Expression of the NIS Protein in Human Lung A549 Cancer Cells

OBJECTIVE To examine the possibility of human sodium iodide symporter （hNIS） protein expression in lung cancer cells. METHODS Human lung A549 cancer cells were thawed and cultured in vitro. The cells were divided into an experimental group transfected with a recombinant pcDNA3-hNIS plasmid and a control group transfected only with a pcDNA3 plasmid. The recombinant plasmid vector encoding the hNIS gene （pcDNA3-hNIS） was amplified, purified and identified. The hNIS gene was followed by DNA sequencing. A Western blot and an immunohistochemical assay were applied to detect the hNIS protein expression in the transfected human lung A549 cancer cells. RESULTS Restriction enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing results showed the size and direction of the inserted gene in the recombinant pcD- NA3-hNIS plasmid was correct. The Western blot method and immunohistochemical analysis showed a positive NIS protein expression in the experimental group. The NIS protein was detected mainly in the cell membranes showing a positive rate up to 70.6% with no expression of the NIS protein in the control group. There was a significant difference between two groups （P=0.000）. CONCLUSION The hNIS gene was transfected effectively into human lung A549 cancer cells mediated by Lipofectamine 2000, and was expressed with its protein in vitro.

Radiofrequency induction on sodium/iodide symporter expression of thyroid cancer

Objective; The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of radiofrequency treatment on sodium/iodide symporter expression of thyroid cancer ceils. Methods： In 29 thyroid cancer patients with low or no expression of soda ／ iodide symporter, the radio frequency combined 1311 therapy was used, the whole-body scintigraphy and serum Ig were detected before and after the radiofrequency treatment. Results： The whole-body scintigraphy showed that 4 cases （4/29） before radiofrequenc_y treatment had positive iodine uptake, 19 cases （19/29） two weeks after radiofrequency treatment had the positive iodine uptake, 12 cases （12/29） four weeks after radiofrequency treatment had the positive iodine uptake. Four weeks after radiofrequency treatment, 5 cases had increased serum Ig levels, 17 cases had decreased serum Ig levels, 7 cases showed no change. 25 cases （25/29） were effective, 15 cases （15/29） were cured. Conclusion： The radiofrequency induced the non-expressed the sodium/iodide symporter of thyroid cancer cells regain the iodine intake ability, it improved the clinical efficacy of 131I therapy in dedifferentiated thyroid cancer.

Correlation analysis between serum β2-MG and sodium/iodide symporter in patients with thyroid carcinoma

Objective： The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation between the expression of sodium/iodide symporter, serum levels of β2-MG and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma patients. Methods： Ninty-five cases with thyroid carcinoma, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with double-antibody sandwich to detect the serum β2-MG levels and immunehistochemistry to detect NIS expression of thyroid cancer tissue. Results： Thirty-seven cases showed positive expression of sodium/iodide symporter （38.9%） and 30 cases showed positive expression of β2-MG （31.57%）. There were significant differences of NIS expression （X2 = 8.207, P = 0.017） and β2-MG expression （X2 = 10.121, P = 0.006） between different pathological types of thyroid carcinoma, but there was no correlation between the positive rate of the two research groups （r = -0.546, P = 0.633）. The significant differences was observed in expression of sodium/iodide symporter （X2 = 9.272, P=0.002） and expression of β2-MG （X2 = 4.441, P = 0.035） between the group with neck lymph node metastasis and the group without neck lymph node metastasis and both positive rate was significantly negatively correlated （r = -1.000, P = 0.000）. The significant differences was observed in expression of sodium/iodide symporter （X2 = 9.272, P = 0.002） and expression of β2-MG （X2 = 3.867, P = 0.043） between the group with distant organ metastasis and the group without distant organ metastasis （X2 = 11.985, P = 0.001） and both positive rate was significantly negatively correlated （r = -1.000, P = 0.000）. Conclusion： There are significantly negatively correlated between neck lymph node metastasis, distant organ metastasis and expression of sodium/iodide symporter and expression of β2-MG. Thyroid cancer lymph node and distant organ metastasis, the tumor tissue NIS expression and serum levels of β2-MG is significantly negatively correlated. The detection of serum β2-MG provides clinical reference value for the effects on radionuclide therapy and prognosis assessment of thyroid carcinoma. Serum β2-MG levels is negatively correlated with prognosis in thyroid cancer patients.

Telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter-driven expression of iodine pump genes for targeted radioiodine therapy of malignant glioma cells

Radioiodine i s a routine therapy for differentiated thyroid cancers.Non-thyroid cancers can intake radioiodine after transfection of the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) gene.The human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter,an excellent tumor-specific promoter,has potential value for targeted gene therapy of glioma.We used the hTERT promoter to drive the expression of the hNIS and human thyroid peroxidase (hTPO) gene as a primary step for testing the effects of radioiodine therapy on malignant glioma.The U87 and U251 cells were co-transfected with two adenoviral vectors,in which the hNIS gene had been coupled to the hTERT promoter and the hTPO gene had been coupled to the CMV promoter,respectively.Then,we performed Western blot,125I intake and efflux assays,and clonogenic assay with cancer cells.We also did 99mTc tumor imaging of nude mice models.After co-transfection with Ad-hTERT-hNIS and Ad-CMV-hTPO,glioma cells showed the 125I intake almost 1.5 times higher than cells transfected with Ad-hTERT-hNIS alone.Western blots revealed bands of approximately 70 kDa and 110 kDa,consistent with the hNIS and hTPO proteins.In clonogenic assay,approximately 90% of cotransfected cells were killed,compared to 50% of control cells after incubated with 37 MBq of 131I.These results demonstrated that radioiodine therapy was effective in treating malignant glioma cell lines following induction of tumor-specific iodide intake by the hTERT promoter-directed hNIS expression in vitro.Cotransfected hNIS and hTPO genes can result in increased intake and longer retention of radioiodine.Nude mice harboring xenografts transfected with Ad-hTERT-NIS can take 99mTc scans.

Primary lung cancer with radioiodine avidity: A thyroid cancer cohort study

BACKGROUND A proportion of lung cancers show sodium/iodide symporter(NIS)expression.Lung cancers with NIS expression may uptake radioiodine(RAI)and show RAIavid lesions on RAI scan for differentiated thyroid cancer(DTC)surveillance.AIM To investigate the possibility of RAI uptake by lung cancer in a cohort with thyroid cancer.METHODS RAI-avid lung cancers were analyzed using a prospectively maintained database of patients with thyroid cancer who were registered at a medical center between December 1,1976 and May 28,2018.NIS expression in lung cancer was assessed using immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS Of the 5000 patients with thyroid cancer from the studied dataset,4602 had DTC.During follow-up,33 patients developed primary lung cancer.Of these patients,nine received an iodine-131(131I)scan within 1 year before the diagnosis of lung cancer.One of these nine lung cancers was RAI-avid.NIS expression was evaluated,and three of the eight available lung cancers revealed NIS expression.The proportions of lung cancer cells with NIS expression were 60%,15%,and 10%.The RAI-avid lung cancer had the highest level of expression(60%).The RAI-avid lung cancer had a spiculated border upon single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography,which led to an accurate diagnosis.CONCLUSION A proportion of lung cancer demonstrates NIS expression and is RAI-avid.Clinicians should be aware of this possibility in the interpretation of RAI scintigraphy.

Capsaicin restores sodium iodine symportermediated radioiodine uptake through bypassing canonical TSH–TSHR pathway in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells

Anaplastic thyroid cancer(ATC)is a rare but highly lethal disease.ATCs are resistant to standard therapies and are extremely difficult to manage.The stepwise cell dedifferentiation results in the impairment of the iodine-metabolizing machinery and the infeasibility of radioiodine treatment in ATC.Hence,reinducing iodine-metabolizing gene expression to restore radioiodine avidity is considered as a promising strategy to fight against ATC.In the present study,capsaicin(CAP),a natural potent transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1(TRPV1)agonist,was discovered to reinduce ATC cell differentiation and to increase the expression of thyroid transcription factors(TTFs including TTF-1,TTF-2,and PAX8)and iodine-metabolizing proteins,including thyroidstimulating hormone receptor(TSHR),thyroid peroxidase,and sodium iodine symporter(NIS),in two ATC cell lines,8505C and FRO.Strikingly,CAP treatment promoted NIS glycosylation and its membrane trafficking,resulting in a significant enhancement of radioiodine uptake of ATC cells in vitro.Mechanistically,CAP-activated TRPV1 channel and subsequently triggered Ca2þinflux,cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)generation,and cAMP-responsive element-binding protein(CREB)signal activation.Next,CREB recognized and bound to the promoter of SLC5A5 to facilitate its transcription.Moreover,the TRPV1 antagonist CPZ,the calcium chelator BAPTA,and the PKA inhibitor H-89 effectively alleviated the redifferentiation exerted by CAP,demonstrating that CAP might improve radioiodine avidity through the activation of the TRPV1–Ca2þ/cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.In addition,our study indicated that CAP might trigger a novel cascade to redifferentiate ATC cells and provide unprecedented opportunities for radioiodine therapy in ATC,bypassing canonical TSH–TSHR pathway.

The effects of thyroid-stimulating hormone,estradiol and prolactin on sodium/iodide symporter mRNA expression in mouse lactating mammary gland cells under different iodine levels

Objective The present study investigated the sodium/iodide symporter mRNA expression in mouse lactating mammary gland cells under different iodine levels and the effects of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH),estradiol(E2)and prolactin(PRL)on NIS mRNA expression in mouse lactating mammary gland cells.

电针对紫杉醇诱导大鼠神经病理性疼痛的影响

目的观察电针(EA)对紫杉醇诱导神经病理性疼痛大鼠脊髓背角NKCC1、KCC2表达和小胶质细胞活化的影响及其可能机制。方法将48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为溶媒组(Vehicle组)、紫杉醇组(PTX组)、紫杉醇+电针组(PTX+EA组)、紫杉醇+假电针组(PTX+Sham EA组),每组12只。采用腹腔注射PTX的方法建立PTX诱导的神经病理性疼痛大鼠动物模型,建模完成后,PTX+EA组给予“足三里”、“阳陵泉”电针刺激,连续7 d。于紫杉醇注射前2 d和注射后第1、3、5、7、14、21天进行机械撤足阈值和热缩足潜伏期痛行为学测试。利用免疫荧光染色技术和Western blot技术检测脊髓背角组织中钠钾氯联合转运蛋白1(NKCC1)、钾氯联合转运蛋白2(KCC2)和小胶质细胞标志物离子钙结合衔接分子1(Iba1)表达的变化。结果与Vehicle组比较,PTX组大鼠出现双后足机械和热痛觉过敏,脊髓背角组织中NKCC1表达升高和活化的小胶质细胞数增加。与PTX组比较,PTX+EA组大鼠在第14、21天的机械和热痛觉过敏得到显著改善,脊髓背角组织中NKCC1和Iba1表达量降低,4组间KCC2表达差异无统计学意义。结论电针可有效缓解紫杉醇诱导的神经病理性疼痛,其机制可能与抑制大鼠脊髓背角组织中NKCC1表达和小胶质细胞活化有关。

钠碘同向转运体表达与功能调控的研究进展

钠碘同向转运体(sodium iodine symporter)广泛分布于人体各个器官,是器官转运I-的结构和功能基础。钠碘同向转运体主要表达在细胞的基底侧膜上,为各种生命活动提供所需的I-。目前已知,钠碘同向转运体的调控机制涉及激素、细胞因子、转录因子及信号分子的作用。此外,钠碘同向转运体作为甲状腺癌的重要治疗靶点逐渐受到关注,然而在治疗过程中唾液腺等其他器官吸收放射性碘而产生的并发症也值得重视。本文重点综述了钠碘同向转运体的表达、作用及其调控机制的研究进展,旨在为临床干预钠碘同向转运体异常相关疾病进程提供新思路。

甲状腺癌碘-131治疗抵抗发生的分子机制研究进展

甲状腺癌是内分泌系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,其中分化型甲状腺癌(differentiated thyroid carcinoma,DTC)占90%以上。多数DTC患者经过系统治疗后预后良好,但少数患者肿瘤原发灶或转移灶出现失分化现象,进展为放射性碘难治性DTC(radioiodine-refractory DTC,RAIR-DTC),预后明显变差,是甲状腺癌致死的主要原因。钠碘转运体(sodium iodide symporter,NIS)的表达和功能异常,是导致甲状腺癌碘-131治疗抵抗的主要原因,其发生受遗传学改变、表观遗传学改变、肿瘤微环境作用、自噬作用等多因素影响。遗传学改变如BRAF基因的V600E位点突变、RET/PTC基因重排等导致致癌信号通路的激活,直接或间接地影响NIS的表达及其在细胞膜上的正常定位。表观遗传学调控特定基因的表达模式,调节NIS的表达水平,进而影响甲状腺细胞的碘摄取功能。肿瘤微环境中的免疫细胞、细胞因子和细胞外基质等成分也可能通过降低NIS的表达水平和/或干扰其在细胞膜上的正常功能导致细胞碘摄取障碍。此外,自噬作为一种细胞内部的代谢调节机制,也可以调节NIS的表达及其在细胞内的分布,从而影响碘的摄取和碘-131治疗的敏感性。通过综述以上因素在甲状腺癌失分化中的作用机制,可以更全面地理解RAIR-DTC的发生和发展过程,有助于探寻新的治疗靶点,改善预后,并为患者提供更有效的个体化治疗策略。

Adenovirus-mediated and tumor-specific transgene expression of the sodium-iodide symporter from the human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter enhances killing of lung cancer cell line in vitro

Background The sodium-iodide symporter （NIS） protein can mediate the active radioiodine uptake.The human telomerase reverse transcriptase （hTERT） promoter is known to be selectively reactivated in majority of tumors and hence could be used for tumor targeting.We constructed a recombinant adenovirus containing the human sodium iodide symporter （hNIS） gene directed by the hTERT promoter, characterized the ability of infected cells in uptaking iodide, and explored the therapeutic efficacy of 131I in a lung cancer cell line in vitro.Methods The hTERT promoter was amplified by PCR from DNA isolated from log-phase HepG2 cells, subcloned into lineralized FL＊-hNIS/pcDNA3, and then the hTERT-hNIS sequence was subcloned into the shuttle plasmid pAdTrack.The recombinant adenovirus Ad-hTERT-hNIS was constructed by AdEasy system.A positive control adenovirusAd-CMV-hNIS and a negative control adenovirus Ad-CMV were created similarly.A549 cells were transduced with recombinant adenoviruses.125I uptake studies and sodium perchlorate suppression studies were used to confirm hNIS expression and function.Toxic effects of 131I on tumor cells were studied by in vitro clonogenic assay.Results We first successfully constructed an adenovirus mediated transgene expression system of the hNIS under the control of hTERT promoter.When infected with recombinant adenovirus constructs expressing hNIS directed by hTERTand CMV-promoters （Ad-hTERT-hNIS and Ad-CMV-hNIS, respectively）, the lung cancer cell line A549 had increased ability to uptake radioiodide up to 23- and 30- fold compared to the control parental cells, respectively.The radioiodide uptake ability of both the Ad-CMV-hNIS and Ad-hTERT-hNIS transduced cell lines were repressed 11-fold by sodium perchlorate （NaCIO4）.The subsequent in vitro clonogenic assay of the infected A549 cell line was further repressed to 23% （Ad-CMV-hNIS） and 30% （Ad-hTERT-hNIS） of the control group after receiving radioiodide for 7 hours （P 〈0.001）.Conclusion Our preliminary study indicates that an adenovirus mediated transgene expression system of the hNIS under the control of hTERT promoter has the potential to become an effective wide-spectrum yet highly specific anti-cancer strategy.

3种消毒剂对超声洁牙机单元水路的消毒效果研究

目的评估3种临床常用消毒剂对超声洁牙机单元水路的消毒效果。方法将12台牙周超声洁牙机按消毒方案随机分为4组:A组蒸馏水、B组3%过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))、C组500 mg/L含氯消毒剂和D组5%聚维酮碘。每台洁牙机用于日常牙周治疗,每天有效工作6 h。分别在基线、消毒后即刻和消毒后1~7 d收集水样。对可培养细菌进行计数、分离和纯化,通过16S rRNA基因测序进行鉴定,基因扩增子序列按操作分类单元(OTUs)进行聚类。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察消毒7 d后水路内壁生物膜的形态和厚度。结果所有组别基线菌落总数均超过了100 CFU/mL。但在消毒后,各组菌落总数均显著降低(P<0.05)。3%H_(2)O_(2)消毒后3 d内、500 mg/L含氯消毒剂消毒后6 d内和5%聚维酮碘消毒后4 d内,菌落总数保持在100 CFU/mL以下(P<0.05)。在超声洁牙机单元水路中检测到了嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia)等病原体。扫描电镜显示,与对照组相比,3%H_(2)O_(2)组和5%聚维酮碘组生物膜厚度更薄(P<0.05)。结论牙科超声洁牙机单元水路中存在致病菌污染,对患者和医务人员构成潜在的感染风险。在日益严峻的感控背景下应根据临床实际制定适宜的消毒方案。

氧弹燃烧-离子色谱法测定助焊剂中的碘

采用氧弹燃烧-离子色谱法测定助焊剂中的碘。使用NaOH-抗坏血酸(AA)复合成分作为吸收液有效成分,可将氧弹燃烧对碘的吸收率达到90%左右,并且能有效解决以单一AA成分作为吸收液有效成分氧弹燃烧后,样品在进行离子色谱测试时基线过高而不能准确识别碘的问题。实现碘含量在50~1000μg范围内助焊剂样品碘的高效吸收以及准确测定。方法安全,环保,操作便捷,在助焊剂中碘含量的准确测定方面可发挥重要作用。

三种消毒剂对鹅星状病毒杀灭效果的评价

为了解不同成分的消毒剂对鹅星状病毒的杀灭效果,该试验选择复方戊二醛、二氯异氰脲酸钠粉、聚维酮碘溶液进行杀灭效果评估,以指导临床实践中的消毒灭源工作。经对三种消毒剂在10℃、25℃、37℃下不同稀释比例、不同作用时间对鹅星状病毒的杀灭效果进行实验室评价,结果显示:在室温环境下(25℃),作用时间为1 min、5 min和10 min,复方戊二醛1∶80倍稀释可完全杀灭鹅星状病毒(104.0 EID50),而复方戊二醛1∶300倍稀释及其他两种消毒剂在推荐使用浓度下均未能有效杀灭鹅星状病毒。对于尿囊液里高含量(104.0 EID50)的鹅星状病毒,1∶80倍稀释的复方戊二醛溶液在10℃时需要作用10 min才能有效杀灭星状病毒,但尿囊液里低含量(103.0 EID50)的鹅星状病毒在此浓度下作用1 min就能被完全杀灭。当温度达到25℃时,1∶80倍稀释的复方戊二醛溶液1 min即可杀灭鹅星状病毒;1:160倍稀释的复方戊二醛溶液则需要10 min才能完全杀灭鹅星状病毒。继续升高温度至37℃,1∶80和1∶160倍稀释的复方戊二醛溶液与鹅星状病毒作用1 min即可起到有效杀灭效果。综上所述,采用1∶80倍稀释的复方戊二醛杀灭鹅星状病毒(104.0 EID50),在10℃、25℃和37℃作用的最短时间分别是10 min、1 min和1 min。该研究明确了三种不同消毒剂首次用于消毒,在不同温度和作用时间下对鹅星状病毒的杀灭效果,为鹅星状病毒的生物安全防控提供参考。

低汞触媒分析中铜试剂标定方法的改进

低汞触媒中氯化汞含量检测使用的铜试剂(三水合二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠)须使用汞标准溶液标定,而氯化汞是剧毒化学品。介绍了一种使用碘标准溶液替代汞标准溶液标定铜试剂的改进方法。

碘营养结合左甲状腺素钠治疗妊娠期甲状腺功能减退效果观察

目的:观察碘营养结合左甲状腺素钠治疗妊娠期甲状腺功能减退的效果。方法:选取2021年1月至2022年6月期间本院收治的妊娠期甲状腺功能减退患者68例作为研究对象。随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各34例。对照组采取左甲状腺素钠治疗;观察组采取左甲状腺素钠结合碘营养治疗。分析对比两组的治疗效果、甲状腺功能相关指标变化、不良妊娠结局及不良反应。结果:观察组治疗总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组的血清甲状腺相关指标比较均无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组的血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(Free triiodothyronine 3,FT_(3))、游离甲状腺素(Free Thyroxine4,FT_(4))、促甲状腺激素(Thyroid-stimulating hormone,TSH)均明显改善(P<0.05),且观察组的甲状腺相关指标(FT_(3)、FT_(4)、TSH)的改善幅度明显大于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的总不良妊娠结局率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组的不良反应率均较低,组间比较无显著差异。结论:碘营养结合左甲状腺素钠治疗妊娠期甲状腺功能减退,能提高临床疗效,改善甲状腺功能和妊娠结局,且不增加不良反应。

Iodine-catalyzed N-sulfonylation of benzotriazoles with sodium sulfinates under mild conditions

A new and convenient procedure is developed for the preparation of N-sulfonylbenzotriazoles from sodium sulfinates and benzotriazoles using molecular iodine as catalyst via the S-N bond formation reaction. This catalytic radical sulfonylation proceeds efficiently in air at room temperature under neutral conditions, and in short reaction time, to afford the corresponding N-sulfonylbenzotriazoles in good yields, thus extending the catalytic application of molecular iodine in organic synthesis.

分析碘131联合左甲状腺素钠治疗分化型甲状腺癌的临床疗效

目的总结分析分化型甲状腺癌患者治疗中予以碘131联合左甲状腺素钠治疗的效果。方法研究主体选取于本院收治的60例分化型甲状腺癌患者,时间抽取范围:2023年7月-2024年7月,遵从“平均分配原则”将其分为不同组别,分别为对照组(30例,单纯予以左甲状腺素钠)与实验组(30例,碘131联合左甲状腺素钠),统计两组患者的甲状腺功能指标、临床疗效、用药后的不良反应。结果治疗前比较两组患者甲状腺功能指标水平后统计学未见明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后实验组患者甲状腺功能指标水平优于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,实验组患者临床总有效率相对较高(P<0.05);展开治疗后,实验组患者用药后的不良反应发生率相对较低(P<0.05)。结论对分化型甲状腺癌患者予以碘131联合左甲状腺素钠治疗,其疗效确切,可以有效控制疾病进展,提高患者的生存率和生活质量,安全可靠。