Background:Identifying regulatory measures to promote glucose oxidative metabolism while simultaneously reducing amino acid oxidative metabolism is one of the foremost challenges in formulating low-protein(LP)diets de...Background:Identifying regulatory measures to promote glucose oxidative metabolism while simultaneously reducing amino acid oxidative metabolism is one of the foremost challenges in formulating low-protein(LP)diets designed to reduce the excretion of nitrogen-containing substances known to be potential pollutants.In this study,we investigated the effects of adding sodium dichloroacetate(DCA)to a LP diet on nitrogen balance and amino acid metabolism in the portal-drained viscera(PDV)and liver of pigs.To measure nitrogen balance,18 barrows(40±1.0 kg)were fed one of three diets(n=6 per group):18%crude protein(CP,control),13.5%CP(LP),and 13.5%CP+100 mg DCA/kg dry matter(LP-DCA).To measure amino acid metabolism in the PDV and liver,15 barrows(40±1.0 kg)were randomly assigned to one of the three diets(n=5 per group).Four essential amino acids(Lys,Met,Thr,and Trp)were added to the LP diets such that these had amino acid levels comparable to those of the control diet.Results:The LP-DCA diet reduced nitrogen excretion in pigs relative to that of pigs fed the control diet(P<0.05),without any negative effects on nitrogen retention(P>0.05).There were no differences between the control and LP-DCA groups with respect to amino acid supply to the liver and extra-hepatic tissues in pigs(P>0.05).The net release of ammonia into the portal vein and production rate of urea in the liver of pigs fed the LP-DCA diet was reduced relative to that of pigs fed the control and LP diets(P<0.05).Conclusion:The results indicated that addition of DCA to a LP diet can efficiently reduce nitrogen excretion in pigs and maximize the supply of amino acids to the liver and extra-hepatic tissues.展开更多
The reactions of 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane with various sodium salts of amino acids to afford the pentacoordinated spirophosphoranes containing amino acid were studied by NMR spectra techniques. The results show...The reactions of 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane with various sodium salts of amino acids to afford the pentacoordinated spirophosphoranes containing amino acid were studied by NMR spectra techniques. The results showed that natural alpha-amino acids had greater ability than beta-amino acids to form the pentacoordinated species, which is important in the biosynthesis and prebiotic synthesis of of oligopeptides and proteins.展开更多
A series of chiral N-Boc-α-aminoaldehydes were synthesized in good yields and high purity via esterification of Boc-L-amino acids followed by reduction with sodium bis （2-methoxy- ethoxy）aluminum hydride.
为分析酿造酱油特征氨基酸组成及对氨基酸态氮的贡献,比较了3款不同类型样品中的游离氨基酸含量和氨基酸态氮组成。结果表明,酿造酱油中氨基酸种类丰富,无增鲜剂添加的样品中氨基酸分布均衡,外源谷氨酸的添加显著影响氨基酸态氮水平。...为分析酿造酱油特征氨基酸组成及对氨基酸态氮的贡献,比较了3款不同类型样品中的游离氨基酸含量和氨基酸态氮组成。结果表明,酿造酱油中氨基酸种类丰富,无增鲜剂添加的样品中氨基酸分布均衡,外源谷氨酸的添加显著影响氨基酸态氮水平。无添加的特级酱油(1号)、有增鲜剂添加的特级酱油(2号)和无增鲜剂添加的三级酱油(3号)的氨基酸总量分别为3.875、6.041和2.341 g/100 m L,其中2号样品含量最高;但在排除谷氨酸后1号样品氨基酸总量为3.494 g/100 m L,比2号和3号样品高14.11%和65.91%。1号样品必需氨基酸总量最高为2.08 g/100 m L,比2号和3号样品高18.18%和85.71%;2号样品氨基酸态氮检测值最高为1.42g/100 m L,其中谷氨酸的贡献率高达40.14%;3号样品的氨基酸总量和氨基酸态氮值均最低。展开更多
基金This study was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872370,31670123)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XDJK2019B014,XDJK2013C097)the Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC(cstc2018jcyjAX0025).
文摘Background:Identifying regulatory measures to promote glucose oxidative metabolism while simultaneously reducing amino acid oxidative metabolism is one of the foremost challenges in formulating low-protein(LP)diets designed to reduce the excretion of nitrogen-containing substances known to be potential pollutants.In this study,we investigated the effects of adding sodium dichloroacetate(DCA)to a LP diet on nitrogen balance and amino acid metabolism in the portal-drained viscera(PDV)and liver of pigs.To measure nitrogen balance,18 barrows(40±1.0 kg)were fed one of three diets(n=6 per group):18%crude protein(CP,control),13.5%CP(LP),and 13.5%CP+100 mg DCA/kg dry matter(LP-DCA).To measure amino acid metabolism in the PDV and liver,15 barrows(40±1.0 kg)were randomly assigned to one of the three diets(n=5 per group).Four essential amino acids(Lys,Met,Thr,and Trp)were added to the LP diets such that these had amino acid levels comparable to those of the control diet.Results:The LP-DCA diet reduced nitrogen excretion in pigs relative to that of pigs fed the control diet(P<0.05),without any negative effects on nitrogen retention(P>0.05).There were no differences between the control and LP-DCA groups with respect to amino acid supply to the liver and extra-hepatic tissues in pigs(P>0.05).The net release of ammonia into the portal vein and production rate of urea in the liver of pigs fed the LP-DCA diet was reduced relative to that of pigs fed the control and LP diets(P<0.05).Conclusion:The results indicated that addition of DCA to a LP diet can efficiently reduce nitrogen excretion in pigs and maximize the supply of amino acids to the liver and extra-hepatic tissues.
文摘The reactions of 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane with various sodium salts of amino acids to afford the pentacoordinated spirophosphoranes containing amino acid were studied by NMR spectra techniques. The results showed that natural alpha-amino acids had greater ability than beta-amino acids to form the pentacoordinated species, which is important in the biosynthesis and prebiotic synthesis of of oligopeptides and proteins.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30230400)"863"Hi-Tech Program of China(No.2004 AA2 Z3781)the State Key Program of Basic Research of China(No.2004GB518907).
文摘A series of chiral N-Boc-α-aminoaldehydes were synthesized in good yields and high purity via esterification of Boc-L-amino acids followed by reduction with sodium bis （2-methoxy- ethoxy）aluminum hydride.
文摘为分析酿造酱油特征氨基酸组成及对氨基酸态氮的贡献,比较了3款不同类型样品中的游离氨基酸含量和氨基酸态氮组成。结果表明,酿造酱油中氨基酸种类丰富,无增鲜剂添加的样品中氨基酸分布均衡,外源谷氨酸的添加显著影响氨基酸态氮水平。无添加的特级酱油(1号)、有增鲜剂添加的特级酱油(2号)和无增鲜剂添加的三级酱油(3号)的氨基酸总量分别为3.875、6.041和2.341 g/100 m L,其中2号样品含量最高;但在排除谷氨酸后1号样品氨基酸总量为3.494 g/100 m L,比2号和3号样品高14.11%和65.91%。1号样品必需氨基酸总量最高为2.08 g/100 m L,比2号和3号样品高18.18%和85.71%;2号样品氨基酸态氮检测值最高为1.42g/100 m L,其中谷氨酸的贡献率高达40.14%;3号样品的氨基酸总量和氨基酸态氮值均最低。
