Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of sodium butyl xanthate onto bornite in flotation

In this paper,the effect of sodium butyl xanthate(NaBX)adsorption on the surface of bornite at different pH on flotation was studied by adsorption kinetic and thermodynamic.The flotation results demonstrated that the recovery was the highest when pH was 9 in NaBX solution(4×10^?5 mol/L).The adsorption kinetics showed the reaction of NaBX on the bornite conformed to the second order kinetic equation;it belonged to the multimolecular layer adsorption of Freundlich model;the maximum adsorption rate constant was 0.30 g/(10^?6 mol·min),and the equilibrium adsorption capacity was 2.70×10^?6 mol/g.Thermodynamic calculation results indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous chemisorption,and the adsorption products of NaBX on bornite surface were cupric butyl xanthate,ferric butyl xanthate and dixanthogen,which were confirmed by infrared spectrum measurements.

Degradation of n-butyl xanthate using fly ash as heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst

Heterogeneous Fenton-like process using fly ash as a catalyst was studied to degrade n-butyl xanthate form aqueous solution. The different reaction parameters on the degradation efficiency of the process were investigated. The fly ash/H2O2 catalyst possesses a high oxidation activity for n-butyl xanthate degradation in aqueous solution. It is found that both the dosage of catalyst and initial solution pH significantly affect the n-butyl xanthate conversion efficient. The results indicate that by using 1.176 mmol/L H2O2 and 1.0 g/L fly ash catalyst with mass fraction of 4.14% Fe(III) oxide at pH 3.0, almost 96.90% n-butyl xanthate conversion and over 96.66% COD removal can be achieved within 120 min with heterogeneous catalysis by fly ash. CS2 as an intermediate of n-butyl xanthate oxidation. Finally, it is demonstrated that the fly ash/H2O2 catalytic oxidation process can be an efficient method for the treatment of n-butyl xanthate containing wastewater.

SYNERGISM OF WOLFRAMITE FLOTATION WITH BENZYL ARSONIC ACID AND SODIUM BUTYL XANTHATE

Wolframite notation with benzyl arsonic acid and sodium butyl xanthate is studied,at first.It shows the efficiency of mineral processig is good when the two agents are added together.Then the synergism of sodium butyl xanthate and benzyl arsonic acid is studied also by HPLC.

甘肃某缓冷冶炼渣浮选试验研究

甘肃某铜业公司铜冶炼缓冷渣含Cu 1.65%,MgO、Al_(2)O_(3)含量相对较高,分别为3.22%和4.23%。MgO和Al_(2)O_(3)含量较大时,易导致泡沫黏度大,铜富集效果差,也会促进渣非晶质的生成,妨碍硫化物颗粒的沉淀生长,对铜回收效果不利,造成铜物相粒度变细。在阶段磨矿阶段选别工艺中,在粗选Ⅰ作业添加六偏磷酸钠,粗选Ⅱ作业中添加硫化钠,实现粗选Ⅰ作业获得合格铜精矿的同时,可显著提高铜矿物的浮游速度。将二段磨矿细度提高至-325目98%时,可将选铜尾矿含铜品位进一步降低。试验结果表明:闭路流程获得了Cu品位20.64%、Cu回收率84.34%的铜精矿,选铜尾矿含Cu 0.239%,产品符合铜冶炼要求,试验指标较好。

A nanoscale qualitative study on the role of sodium hydrosulfide in oxidized carrollite flotation

The surface species transformation of oxidized carrollite processing with NaHS and KBX was investigated.Flotation and contact angle tests indicate that the combination of NaHS and KBX takes a better flotation performance than adding NaHS or KBX alone.Thermodynamic analysis,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) results confirm the stronger chemisorption of KBX occurs on the oxidized carrollite surface with NaHS,which is beneficial to remove the cobalt oxides,thus contributing to the superior floatability.Interestingly,less elemental sulfur was observed on the carrollite surface as the interaction of NaHS and KBX than adding NaHS alone.It suggests that elemental sulfur is not the main contributor to the restored floatability of oxidized carrollite through sulfidisation.This study provided a new perspective to correlate the surface species with xanthate adsorption and oxidized carrollite flotation through determining the various intermediate products.

新疆某金矿浮选药剂优化试验研究

新疆某金矿石金品位为2.30 g/t,硫品位为0.8%,属于低硫含金矿。自然金的嵌布粒度微细,主要被石英或其他脉石包裹,采用阶段磨矿、阶段选别回收金。在原有浮选工艺的基础上,开展调整剂、捕收剂种类及用量的优化试验研究。结果表明,在与现场两段磨矿细度相同的条件下,采用一优一粗二精两扫的闭路浮选流程,异戊基钠黄药作为捕收剂时,获得混合精矿产率为6.21%,金品位34.10 g/t,回收率为90.61%。

pH- and H_(2)O_(2)-sensitive drug delivery system based on sodium xanthate:Dual-responsive supramolecular vesicles from one functional group

Nano-drug delivery systems with multiple stimulus-responsive capabilities have superior response performance and efficient drug release.Nevertheless,it is sophisticated to construct multiple stimulus-responsive systems where the two or more functional groups need to be introduced simultaneously.Xanthate,one functional group with pH and H2O2 stimulus responsiveness,has significant potential applications for building dual-responsive drug delivery system.Herein,we present a novel dual stimuli-responsive supramolecular drug delivery system by using sodium xanthate derivative(SXD)as guest molecule and quaternary ammonium capped pillar[5]arene(QAP5)as host molecule through host-guest interaction on the basis of electrostatic interaction.The amphiphile QAP5⊃SXD could self-assemble into vesicles to efficiently load the anti-cancer drug DOX.The experimental results showed that QAP5⊃SXD nanoparticles could achieve efficient drug delivery and controlled release in the tumor microenvironment.Cytotoxicity experiments proved that DOX@QAP5⊃SXD nanoparticles could significantly improve the anticancer efficiency of free DOX on cancer cells.The present study provides an efficient strategy to develop supramolecular nanocarriers with dual-responsiveness in one functional group for controlled drug release.

一种新型有机抑制剂甘油基黄原酸钠对硫化矿抑制作用机理研究

设计并合成了一种可以抑制硫化矿的小分子有机抑制剂甘油基黄原酸钠,通过浮选试验考察了该抑制剂对硫化矿物的浮选抑制行为。结果表明,用丁黄药作捕收剂,在甘油基黄原酸钠存在下铁闪锌矿能被Cu2+活化从而具有良好的可浮性,而黄铁矿不能被Cu2+活化,从而实现两种矿物的选择性分离。通过动电位分析表明,甘油基黄原酸钠在有Cu2+存在条件下不能阻止丁黄药的阴离子在铁闪锌矿表面的吸附,但能阻止丁黄药的阴离子在黄铁矿表面的吸附,与浮选结果一致。

丙三醇黄原酸钠抑制磁黄铁矿作用机理研究

通过测定pH值、矿浆电位以及红外光谱,探讨了丙三醇黄原酸钠抑制磁黄铁矿的作用机理。在丙三醇黄原酸钠作用下,磁黄铁矿表面存在亲矿的—C=S吸收峰和亲水的—OH吸收峰,抑制了磁黄铁矿的上浮;磁黄铁矿的可浮性与pH值和矿浆电位存在着匹配关系,在某一pH值下,只有在适宜的电位区域磁黄铁矿才可浮。

蒙自多金属硫化矿砷硫分离技术研究

针对蒙自多金属硫化矿特点,采用"砷硫混浮-砷硫分离"的工艺流程,选择高效低毒药剂丙基黄原酸钠作砷抑制剂进行了砷硫分离,最终获得硫品位43.05%、含砷0.51%的硫精矿,硫回收率79.53%。

丁基钠黄药浮选斑铜矿的吸附热力学和动力学研究

研究了斑铜矿的浮选行为,并通过吸附量测试、红外光谱、吸附动力学及热力学计算研究丁基钠黄药(简称Na BX)在斑铜矿表面的吸附机理.斑铜矿在pH为5～9时可浮性较好,药剂在矿物表面的吸附属Freundlich模型的多分子层吸附;当pH为12时可浮性差,属于Lamgmuir模型的单分层吸附. Na BX在矿物表面吸附符合二阶动力学方程,是自发进行的化学吸附过程,通过热力学计算得出pH为9时的吸附反应比pH为12时更容易发生.红外光谱测试表明,当pH为5～9时Na BX在斑铜矿表面的吸附产物为Cu(BX)_2,Fe(BX)_3和(BX)_2,而当pH为12时的吸附产物为Cu(BX)_2.

乙硫氨酯的制备

以异丙基黄原酸钠、氯乙酸、一乙胺（５０％）、氢氧化钠为原料，于７０～８０℃反应４～５ｈ可制备乙硫氨酯，收率达９５％以上，纯度大于９６％。讨论了温度、物料配比等因素对反应的影响。

俄罗斯某富砷锑矿石浮选试验

俄罗斯某富砷锑矿锑品位为8.78%、砷含量为1.40%。锑主要以辉锑矿的形式存在,砷主要以毒砂的形式存在,毒砂嵌布粒度微细,少量辉锑矿存在于毒砂裂缝中,增加了辉锑矿分选的难度。为给该矿石选矿工艺提供依据,对其进行了浮选流程试验。结果表明:在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占75%条件下,以硝酸铅为锑活化剂、腐植酸钠为砷抑制剂、丁黄药为捕收剂,经1粗3精1扫闭路流程浮选,得到的锑精矿锑品位为59.22%、回收率为84.58%、砷含量为0.73%。试验结果可以为该矿石选矿工艺流程的确定提供依据。

丁基钠黄药热稳定性的研究

为评价丁基钠黄药的热稳定性,采用真空安定性测试仪和C600量热仪对其热分解过程进行了研究。分别考察了质量为1.0g的样品在温度为60℃、70℃、80℃、90℃、100℃和质量为0.5g、0.75g、1.0g、1.25g、1.5g、1.75g、2.0g的样品在温度80℃条件下的热分解特性。结果表明,采用真空安定性测试仪在80℃、21mL真空封闭空间的测试条件下,当丁基钠黄药质量小于1.25g时,其平均分解速率较慢,与时间近似成线性关系;当样品质量大于1.50g时,其平均分解速率与时间近似呈一条S形曲线。平均分解速率与质量不是成正比,而是先增加后减小,质量为1.65g时,平均分解速率最大,为0.0957mL/(g.h)。采用C600量热仪确定了丁基钠黄药的分解过程为吸热反应,起始分解温度为93℃,分解过程吸收热量为110.51J/g。明确了温度、堆积样品量的大小和时间为影响丁基钠黄药热稳定性的主要因素。

溶剂法合成异丁基黄原酸钠

以异丁醇、氢氧化钠、二硫化碳为原料,在溶剂二氯甲烷中合成异丁基黄原酸钠,经元素分析、核磁共振氢谱及碳谱、红外光谱分析,证实所得产物即为目标产物.考察了物料配比、溶剂用量、合成温度、合成时间等因素对产物纯度、产率的影响,得出优化工艺条件为:n[(CH3)2CHCH2OH]∶n(NaOH)∶n(CS2)=1∶1∶1.05,二氯甲烷用量为异丁醇体积的2.5倍,温度25℃左右,时间4 h,在此条件下,异丁基黄原酸钠的产率可达93.92%,纯度可达87.78%.

液体异丙基黄原酸钠的合成

以异丙醇、氢氧化钠、二硫化碳为原料,合成了液体异丙基黄原酸钠。通过考察物料配比、反应时间、反应温度和NaOH浓度对产品收率的影响,得出适宜的工艺条件为:n(二硫化碳)∶n(氢氧化钠)∶n(异丙醇)=1∶1∶1,反应时间2.5 h,反应温度30℃,氢氧化钠浓度为40%。在此条件下,异丙基黄原酸钠的产率最高可达92.2%。

异戊基黄药提高金回收率的研究

本文对异戊基黄药在黄金浮选中的应用,作了理论上和实践上的阐述与论证。主要包括以下内容:1.异戊基黄药提高金回收率的理论研究;2.小型试验;3.工业试验及工业验证试验;4.显著的经济效益。文中不仅对异戊基黄药的优越性作了必要论述,而且对异戊基黄药和现在常用的丁基黄药的捕收性能及稳定性作了比较,从而在技术、经济上指出了这种药剂的推广价值。

云南腾冲某极难选铜矿选矿试验

对云南腾冲某极难选铜矿石进行了一系列的选矿试验。结果表明,该矿石为高氧化率、高结合率、高含泥的极难处理混合铜矿石。当磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占90%,以新研制的GN-09为调整剂,硫酸铵、乙二胺磷酸盐和Na2S为活化剂,异戊基黄药+丁胺黑药为捕收剂,采用1粗3精2扫流程处理,可获得铜品位为8.32%、含金4.80 g/t、含银341.90 g/t,铜、金、银回收率分别为46.17%、67.51%、43.92%的初级铜精矿。

异丙基黄原酸钠的生产工艺

以异丙醇、CS2、NaOH为原料,采用直接合成法生产黄原酸钠。反应温度为17℃、反应时间为4 h时,化合物的合成收率达92%以上,化合物的游离碱含量在1.5%以下。

黄原酸酯棉在富集微量元素上的应用

研究用黄原酸酯棉吸附富集某些微量元素的可能性，黄原酸酯棉的保存方法、酸度、平衡时间、痕量元素浓度对黄原酸酯棉吸附能力的影响。用本文拟定的方法测定全矿石中的微量银，纯氯化钠试剂中铁、镁、铜等。