A novel lipid occurred when cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells were grown in BG-11 medium with glucose applied. This lipid was determined to be a glycolipid, designated glycolipid-x (Glyco-x), by staining...A novel lipid occurred when cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells were grown in BG-11 medium with glucose applied. This lipid was determined to be a glycolipid, designated glycolipid-x (Glyco-x), by staining with alpha-naphthol and concentrated sulfuric acid. The occurrence of Glyco-x accompanies the disappearance of other lipids, especially DGDG. Glyco-x can also be observed in cells grown in BG-11 medium with the application of other carbon sources: fructose, maltose and lactose. Sodium thiosulfate, an effective scavenger of reactive oxygen intermediates, showed strong capability to inhibit glucose-induced occurrence of Glyco-x. In the presence of 0.3% sodium thiosulfate, Glyco-x could only be detected in cells grown in BG-11 medium with 100 mmol/L glucose applied in late-exponential phase. These results suggest that reactive oxygen species might be involved in the occurrence of Glyco-x in cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells grown in the presence of glucose.展开更多
A method for the synthesis of diaryl sulfides from aryl halides in polyethylene glycol was reported.Inodorous Na2S2O3·5H2O,which is readily available as a stable salt,is an effective source of sulfur in the prese...A method for the synthesis of diaryl sulfides from aryl halides in polyethylene glycol was reported.Inodorous Na2S2O3·5H2O,which is readily available as a stable salt,is an effective source of sulfur in the presence of Cu I as catalyst.展开更多
Hypothesis： To determine the pharmacokinetics of sodium thiosulfate in the inner ear perilymph following middle ear application in Guinea pigs. Background： Cisplatin chemotherapy is often associated with a dose-depe...Hypothesis： To determine the pharmacokinetics of sodium thiosulfate in the inner ear perilymph following middle ear application in Guinea pigs. Background： Cisplatin chemotherapy is often associated with a dose-dependent high frequency senso- rineural hearing loss. Sodium thiosulfate has been shown to reduce cisplatin-induced ototoxicity when given intravenously, but this may limit the tumoricidal effects of the chemotherapy. Recent animal studies looking at middle ear application of sodium thiosulfate have shown prevention of outer hair cell and hearing loss, but the perilymph pharmacokinetics have not yet been established. Methods： Twenty Guinea pig ears were split into two groups and administered sodium thiosulfate to the middle ear at either a concentration of 250 mg/mL or 50 mg/mL for 30 min. Perilymph samples were then obtained serially through the round window over 6 h. Sodium thiosulfate concentrations were obtained using high-pressure liquid chromatography. Results： The 250 mg/mL group had a maximum perilymph concentration of 7.27 mg/mL （±0.83） that decreased to 0.94 mg/mL （±0.03） over 6 h. The 50 mg/mL group had an initial concentration of 1.63 mg/mL （±0.17） and was undetectable after 1 h. The half-life of sodium thiosulfate within perilymph was 0.74 h. Conclusions： and Relevance： The results of this study show that sodium thiosulfate is capable of diffusing through round window and into the inner ear perilymph. Peak levels decline over several hours after exposure. This has a potential application as a localized therapy in the prevention of cisplatin induced ototoxicity.展开更多
Sodium alkyl thiosulfates(Bunte salts) can be readily reduced to the corresponding disulfides with TiCl4/Sm system in good to excellent yields under mild conditions
Objective:To compare the anti-proliferative effect of sodium thiosulfate on human colorectal cancer cells(HT-29)and normal small intestine cells(IEC6).Methods:Cells(HT-29 and IEC6)were treated with different concentra...Objective:To compare the anti-proliferative effect of sodium thiosulfate on human colorectal cancer cells(HT-29)and normal small intestine cells(IEC6).Methods:Cells(HT-29 and IEC6)were treated with different concentrations of sodium thiosulfate ranging from 0.5 m M to 80 m M for 24 h.Cell viability was measured via crystal violet and MTT assays.HT-29 cells were further treated in the presence and absence of mitochondrial electron transport chain(ETC)inhibitors,KATP channel opener and closer and H2S inhibitors for 24 h followed by sodium thiosulfate in order to study their respective roles in the anti-proliferative activity of sodium thiosulfate.Results:The IC50 values of sodium thiosulfate on HT-29 cells were 40.93 m M and 42.45 m M by crystal violet and MTT assay whereas,in the case of IEC6 cells,the values were 45.17 m M and 47.22 m M.The inhibition of endogenous H2S enzymes and KATP channel induced no change in the anti-proliferative capacity of sodium thiosulfate.However,the anti-proliferative activity of sodium thiosulfate was enhanced in the presence of mitochondrial ETC inhibitors.Conclusions:HT-29 cell growth is effectively attenuated by sodium thiosulfate and the anti-proliferative activity of sodium thiosulfate is enhanced in the presence of mitochondrial ETC inhibitors.展开更多
文摘A novel lipid occurred when cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells were grown in BG-11 medium with glucose applied. This lipid was determined to be a glycolipid, designated glycolipid-x (Glyco-x), by staining with alpha-naphthol and concentrated sulfuric acid. The occurrence of Glyco-x accompanies the disappearance of other lipids, especially DGDG. Glyco-x can also be observed in cells grown in BG-11 medium with the application of other carbon sources: fructose, maltose and lactose. Sodium thiosulfate, an effective scavenger of reactive oxygen intermediates, showed strong capability to inhibit glucose-induced occurrence of Glyco-x. In the presence of 0.3% sodium thiosulfate, Glyco-x could only be detected in cells grown in BG-11 medium with 100 mmol/L glucose applied in late-exponential phase. These results suggest that reactive oxygen species might be involved in the occurrence of Glyco-x in cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells grown in the presence of glucose.
基金the Persian Gulf University Research Council for generous partial financial support of this study
文摘A method for the synthesis of diaryl sulfides from aryl halides in polyethylene glycol was reported.Inodorous Na2S2O3·5H2O,which is readily available as a stable salt,is an effective source of sulfur in the presence of Cu I as catalyst.
文摘Hypothesis： To determine the pharmacokinetics of sodium thiosulfate in the inner ear perilymph following middle ear application in Guinea pigs. Background： Cisplatin chemotherapy is often associated with a dose-dependent high frequency senso- rineural hearing loss. Sodium thiosulfate has been shown to reduce cisplatin-induced ototoxicity when given intravenously, but this may limit the tumoricidal effects of the chemotherapy. Recent animal studies looking at middle ear application of sodium thiosulfate have shown prevention of outer hair cell and hearing loss, but the perilymph pharmacokinetics have not yet been established. Methods： Twenty Guinea pig ears were split into two groups and administered sodium thiosulfate to the middle ear at either a concentration of 250 mg/mL or 50 mg/mL for 30 min. Perilymph samples were then obtained serially through the round window over 6 h. Sodium thiosulfate concentrations were obtained using high-pressure liquid chromatography. Results： The 250 mg/mL group had a maximum perilymph concentration of 7.27 mg/mL （±0.83） that decreased to 0.94 mg/mL （±0.03） over 6 h. The 50 mg/mL group had an initial concentration of 1.63 mg/mL （±0.17） and was undetectable after 1 h. The half-life of sodium thiosulfate within perilymph was 0.74 h. Conclusions： and Relevance： The results of this study show that sodium thiosulfate is capable of diffusing through round window and into the inner ear perilymph. Peak levels decline over several hours after exposure. This has a potential application as a localized therapy in the prevention of cisplatin induced ototoxicity.
文摘Sodium alkyl thiosulfates(Bunte salts) can be readily reduced to the corresponding disulfides with TiCl4/Sm system in good to excellent yields under mild conditions
文摘Objective:To compare the anti-proliferative effect of sodium thiosulfate on human colorectal cancer cells(HT-29)and normal small intestine cells(IEC6).Methods:Cells(HT-29 and IEC6)were treated with different concentrations of sodium thiosulfate ranging from 0.5 m M to 80 m M for 24 h.Cell viability was measured via crystal violet and MTT assays.HT-29 cells were further treated in the presence and absence of mitochondrial electron transport chain(ETC)inhibitors,KATP channel opener and closer and H2S inhibitors for 24 h followed by sodium thiosulfate in order to study their respective roles in the anti-proliferative activity of sodium thiosulfate.Results:The IC50 values of sodium thiosulfate on HT-29 cells were 40.93 m M and 42.45 m M by crystal violet and MTT assay whereas,in the case of IEC6 cells,the values were 45.17 m M and 47.22 m M.The inhibition of endogenous H2S enzymes and KATP channel induced no change in the anti-proliferative capacity of sodium thiosulfate.However,the anti-proliferative activity of sodium thiosulfate was enhanced in the presence of mitochondrial ETC inhibitors.Conclusions:HT-29 cell growth is effectively attenuated by sodium thiosulfate and the anti-proliferative activity of sodium thiosulfate is enhanced in the presence of mitochondrial ETC inhibitors.
