Reducing the minimum output power of soft-switching inverter arc welding power supplies

The full-bridge zero-voltage and zero-current switching inverter, which can adjust the output power by keeping the duty-cycle of lagging arm constant, changing the duty-cycle of leading arm, is a common circuit topology of soft-switching inverter arc welding power supplies. However, the output power still remains a certain value when the duty-cycle of leading arm decreases to zero. The working-mode of soft-switching inverter and the waveforms of major parameters with the condition of duty-cycle of leading arm being zero are studied in this paper. U-1 characteristic experiments prove that the minimum output power of soft-switching circuit, which depends on the charged voltage of capacitors in parallel with leading arm, can be decreased by reducing the duty-cycle of lagging arm. By switching working-modes between half-bridge and full-bridge, the output power can swing from zero to the power rating.

A novel arc welding inverter with unit power factor based on DSP control

A novel inverter power source is developed characterized with constant output current and unit power factor input. Digital signal processor （ DSP ） is used to realize power factor correction and control of back-stage inverter bridge of the arc welding inverter. The fore-stage adopts double closed loop proportion and integration （PI） rectifier technique and the back- stage adopts digital pulse width modulation （ PWM） technique. Simulated waves can be obtained in Matlab/Simulink and validated by experiments. Experiments of the prototype showed that the total harmonic distortion （THD） can be controlled within 10% and the power factor is approximate to 1.

Dynamic character analysis for the arc welding power source based on fuzzy logic

A lot of experimental methods have been brought forth to assess the dynamic character of the arc welding power source, but up to now, this issue has not been solved very well. In this paper, based on the fuzzy logic reasoning method, a dynamic character assessing model for the arc welding power source was established and used to analyze the dynamic character of the welding power source. Three different types of welding machine have been tested, and the characteristic information of the electrical signals such as re-striking arc voltage, low welding current and so on of the welding process were extracted accurately by using a self-developed welding dynamic arc wavelet analyzer. The experimental results indicate that this model can be used as a new assessing method for the dynamic character of the arc welding power source.

Digital arc welding power supply based on real-time operating system

A digital arc welding power supply was designed with the advanced reduced instruction set computer machine （ARM） and embedded real-time multi-task operating system micro C/OS- Ⅱ. The ARM, with its powerful calculating speed and complete peripheral equipments, is very suitable to work as the controller of the digital power supply. The micro C/OS- Ⅱ transplanted in ARM, helps to improve the respondent speed against various welding signals, as well as the reliability of the controlling software. The welding process consists of nine tasks. The tasks of great significance on reliability of the welder, for example, the A/D conversion of current and voltage, enjoy top priority. To avoid simultaneous-sharing on A/D converter and LCD module, two semaphores are introduced in to ensure the smooth performance of the welding power supply. Proven by experiments ,the ARM and the micro C/OS- Ⅱ can greatly improve both the respondent speed and the reliability of the digital welder.

Controlling the output power of soft switching arc welding inverter by two-stage continuous PWM method

The full bridge zero voltage zero current switching （ FB-ZVZCS ） , which could adjust the output power by keeping the duty ratio of lagging leg constant and changing the duty ratio of leading leg, was a common circuit of soft switching arc welding inverter power source. However, when the duty ratio of leading leg was reduced to zero, the output power stayed the constant value instead of becoming zero. The working status and waveforms of some major parameters were studied in this paper while the duty ratio of leading leg was zero. It was concluded that the minimum output power of soft switching inverter was related to the charging voltage of paraUel capacitors, and the output power also could be reduced by reducing the duty ratio of lagging leg. A novel two-stage continuous PWM control method that could switch working-mode between full bridge and half bridge was put forward in this paper. This kind of control method could further reduce the output power of soft switching inverter in order to meet the requirement of low heat input of sheet metal welding.

Soft switching arc welding power source using output inductor as resonant inductor

Full bridge Zero Voltage Switch PWM converter combines advantages of the PWM control technique and resonant technique. However, Full ZVS is achieved only under large load current because resonant tank of this circuit is made up of the parasitic capacitance of the power semiconductors and the leakage inductor of the transformer primary. In this paper two saturable inductors as magnetic switches are added to secondary, so output inductor is always reflected to primary and assists resonant transition. Full ZVS is achieved under lower load current. The above mentioned investigated results are validated by the computerized simulation and hardware circuit experiment.

Effect of laser power on metal transfer in laser-double arcs P-MAG hybrid welding with single power source

The effect of laser power on metal transfer is studied under conditions of alternating combustion of double arcs in order to develop the welding process of the laser-double arcs pulsed metal active gas （P-MAG） hybrid welding with single power. Different laser power corresponds to different interactive mechanisms of laser and arc and to different methods of metal transfer in the hybrid welding. When the laser power ascends from 500 W to 1 500 W, the methods of metal transfer change from the complex transfer of one droplet per pulse, one droplet two pulses and one droplet much more pulses during the mixture of globular and projected transfer of the lead wire, and from one droplet two pulses and one droplet three pulses during globular transfer of the follow wire to the methods of the metal transfer of both lead wire and follow wire are stable one droplet two pulses and one droplet three pulses when the metal transfer is mainly globular. The arc sharps and pressure of droplet are altered with the laser power changing. The compression of the arcs is strengthened by the laser and the offset of the center of droplet mass is much more obvious with the increasing of the laser power.

Development of high frequency pulse power source using two powersfor TIG welding

A high frequency pulse power source for TIG welding is developed. The structure of two powers is adopted. The by pass circuit effectively eliminates the effect of the cable equivalent inductance. The maximum frequency of the output pulse current reaches to 16 kHz . The base current and the peak current can be regulated separately.

FEATURES OF THYRISTOR COMMUTATORS OPERATION OF WELDING CURRENT UNDER PULSED-ARC WELDING

This article presents the special requirements and features of the thyristor commutators of the welding current.Advantages of pulsed - arc welding are described.Specificity of the thyristor commutators op- eration is presented. Semiconductor converter simulation allowing to create the engineering calculating techniques are considered.

Study on welding power source used in intelligent control system for weld pool shape in pulsed GTAW

This paper analyses the performance request of arc welding power source used in intelligent control of weld pool shape in pulsed GTAW, and develops a sample power source. The main circuit of the power source takes the structure of single ended inverter with two switches, and takes IGBTs as power switches. The working frequency of the inverter is set at 20 kHz. The control circuit takes PWM circuit as center, and uses single chip computer to complete the manage functions such as the control of working sequence, setting and changing of the welding parameters, sensing of the welding states and communication with outside computer etc. The dynamic reacting time of the whole power is 1 ms, the range of the output current is 5～250 A, the precision of the output current reaches to 1 A. The power strikes arc by contacting workpiece under 5 A, and have convenient interface with system computer. All above shows this power source is one with high performance.

Q690钢激光-MIG复合焊焊缝耐腐蚀性能研究

采用焊接效率较高的激光电弧复合焊对Q690钢中厚板(16 mm)进行焊接试验,分析不同激光功率下焊接接头的显微组织和晶粒尺寸的变化,及其开路电位、交流阻抗谱、极化曲线和腐蚀形貌,探讨激光功率对焊缝电化学腐蚀行为的影响规律。结果表明,激光-MIG复合焊焊缝的显微组织由大量针状铁素体和少量侧板条铁素体、粒状贝氏体组成,其中电弧区的针状铁素体、侧板条铁素体含量多于激光区,电弧区的晶粒尺寸比激光区略大;粗晶热影响区显微组织主要由板条马氏体组成。随着激光功率的增加,焊缝中粒状贝氏体含量减少,针状铁素体和侧板条铁素体含量增加。当激光功率从1.5 kW增至2.5 kW时,焊缝的开路电位上升,容抗弧半径增加,极化电阻变大,极化曲线有右移倾向,自腐蚀电流密度下降,耐腐蚀性能提高。但当激光功率增至3.0 kW时,由于组织过于粗大,耐腐蚀性能反而下降。激光功率为2.5 kW时,复合焊焊缝的耐腐蚀性能最佳。

螺旋埋弧焊管在风电塔筒制造领域的应用研究

近年来我国风力发电对风电装机的需求不断增大,为了进一步提升风电塔筒的制造技术和效率,对传统风电塔筒制造工艺和螺旋埋弧焊接风电塔筒制造工艺的优点和缺点做了分析比对,提出用螺旋埋弧焊接方法制造风电塔筒有显著的优势,如更高的生产效率、更低的缺陷产生几率及更少的环焊缝。目前国外已经开始采用螺旋埋弧焊接工艺制造风电塔筒,我国螺旋埋弧焊管企业需要克服超大管径、壁厚和管长等技术难题,以更好地推进螺旋埋弧焊管在风电塔筒制造中的应用。

海上风电项目大厚板焊接工艺研究

对海上风电项目大厚板焊接工艺进行研究,选择可适应大线能量的焊材、母材,采用双丝埋弧焊的焊接形式,有效控制焊接参数,得到性能优良的焊缝。通过现场实际应用,验证了这种焊接形式的可靠性,为海上风电项目大厚板的焊接提供了可靠的工艺,可以指导现场进行生产。

Pulsed plasma arc cladding

A prototype of Pulsed Plasma Arc Cladding system was developed, in which single power source supplies both transferred plasma arc (TPA) and non-transferred plasma arc (N-TPA). Both plasmas work in turn in a high frequency controlled by an IGBT connecting nozzle and workpiece. The working frequency of IGBT ranges from 50 ～ 7 000 Hz, in which the plasmas can work in turn smoothly. Higher than 500 Hz of working frequency is suggested for promotion of cladding quality and protection of IGBT. Drag phenomenon of TPA intensifies as the frequency goes up, which tends to increase the current proportion of TPA and suppress N-TPA. The occupation ratio of IGBT can be regulated from 5% ～ 95%, which balances the power supplies of both plasmas. An occupation ratio higher than 50% gives adequate proportion of arc current for N-TPA to preheat powder.

Structure and Control of an Inverter Type Power Source for Robot Arc Welding

An inverter type power source system for robot arc welding is considered. The power source includes several isolated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) inverter power units. The output current of every individual power unit is regulated by an identical single chip microcomputer to enable the whole power source system to work over a wide range of continuous output current with good dynamic properties. This inverter type power source satisfies robotic welding requirements.

高频脉冲复合直流微TIG焊接电源及其电弧形态特征

针对微TIG小电流电弧不稳定的问题,研发了一种高频脉冲复合直流的微TIG焊接电源。通过测试输出电流波形,结合高速摄影采集电弧形貌,研究小电流电弧形态特征及高频脉冲复合直流对极限小电流电弧、6 mm间隙微电弧的影响,探讨微TIG电弧形态形成的原因及高频脉冲作用效果。结果表明,该电源输出的高频脉冲电流可实现快速变换,且具有精度高、输出稳定的特点;随着电流减小,电弧形态发生变化,并非保持“钟罩状”,高频脉冲电流可提高微TIG电弧稳定性,使电弧在平均电流低至2 A时也能维持稳定燃烧;6 mm间隙时,8 A微TIG电弧在燃烧过程中会发生大幅度形态变化,复合高频脉冲可以降低其变化幅度,提高挺度。

双丝埋弧自动焊技术在辽宁清原抽水蓄能电站压力钢管环缝焊接中的应用

抽水蓄能是技术较成熟、经济性较优、具备大规模开发条件的电力系统,具有绿色低碳、清洁灵活的电力系统调节电源。抽水蓄能电站不仅具有比常规水电站更高的内水压力,而且其工况转换会带来频繁的水锤作用。因此,抽水蓄能电站输水系统压力钢管的钢材,须采用具有良好的可焊性、低温稳定性、塑性和抗冲击韧性的低合金钢和高强调质钢。焊接工序是压力钢管制造、安装生产中的一道关键工序,需要充分考虑降低焊接成本,加快焊接速度,提升焊接质量,以此来满足在抽水蓄能电站建设过程对于技术方面高效优质的要求。随着科学技术的飞速发展,焊接技术也在与时俱进,埋弧焊接技术已从单丝发展到双丝和多丝。结合双丝埋弧焊接的原理、特点,立足辽宁清原抽水蓄能电站2.8万t压力钢管制造过程,对双丝埋弧自动焊接技术在压力钢管环缝焊接中的应用进行分析总结,以供参考。

海上风电导管架TKY节点的FCAW双面焊焊接工艺

海上风电导管架建设过程中TKY节点的焊接相对比较复杂,常规采用手工电弧焊打底,药芯焊丝电弧焊进行单面焊接。为减少TKY节点的焊接变形和应力集中问题,采用GFL-71Ni焊丝、FCAW双面焊焊接工艺,对S355NL导管架TKY节点进行了焊接工艺试验,并对焊接接头进行了理化性能和无损检测,结果表明,焊接接头各项性能完全符合项目规格书及相关标准的要求。该焊接方法能够提高焊接效率、节约成本,可为导管架TKY节点的焊接提供借鉴。

弧焊电源课程实验教学创新设计与平台研制

基于焊接专业高素质人才培养需要,针对弧焊电源课程实验教学资源匮乏现状,围绕工程教育专业认证理念和新工科课程改革思想,创新设计了稳态特性测定、动态波形测量和系统结构测绘三个模块的实验教学内容,并自主研制了相应的实验教学平台。实践表明,创新性实验设计对学生课程学习起到了良好的促进作用,具有较好的应用推广价值。

激光功率对CO_2激光-MAG电弧复合焊电弧与熔滴行为的影响

采用高速摄像系统观测熔滴过渡模式和等离子体形态的变化,并采集焊接过程中的电弧和熔滴图像,利用电弧分析仪记录电弧信号,通过试验深入研究激光功率对CO2激光-熔化极活性气体保护焊(Metal active gas,MAG)电弧复合焊接的电弧形态、焊接稳定性、熔滴过渡频率的影响。研究表明,焊接电流的增加减小了实际热源间距,并且实际热源间距在2 mm附近效果最佳;带电粒子在主辅导电通道内的运动产生扰动或漂移、焊接模式的跳变和过渡模式的改变是电流、电压波形出现紊乱和尖角波形的主要原因;激光的加入降低了熔滴过渡频率和过渡稳定性;焊接电流为160A、180 A时,激光-电弧复合焊接的熔滴过渡频率均随着激光功率的增加而先减小后增大,但其过渡频率介于160 A和180 A电弧焊接时熔滴过渡频率之间。