This paper points out various relationships between Design Knowledge and Software Engineering. After introduction of human design, the relationships between industrial Software Engineering is discussed, then further d...This paper points out various relationships between Design Knowledge and Software Engineering. After introduction of human design, the relationships between industrial Software Engineering is discussed, then further details of human design knowledge are revealed with discussions on humanistic aspects of design.展开更多
Presents the design scheme developed for design of software for Integrated Passive and Active Vibration Control(IPAVC) and the coding of a prototyne system, and the selection of the famous finite element program MSC/N...Presents the design scheme developed for design of software for Integrated Passive and Active Vibration Control(IPAVC) and the coding of a prototyne system, and the selection of the famous finite element program MSC/NASTRAN as an important module of software to deal with large and complicated structures and systems with an example to demonstrate the prototype system.展开更多
The manuscript developed an optimal frequency band transmission system structure of QPSK. The software programming experiment of this complete QPSK optimal band transmission system is designed and realized based on Ma...The manuscript developed an optimal frequency band transmission system structure of QPSK. The software programming experiment of this complete QPSK optimal band transmission system is designed and realized based on Matlab. The experimental parameters used in the design are consistent with the requirements of the actual system parameters. The key code of the software design is given in each module of the system. The whole system is simulated. The simulation results show that the QPSK optimal band transmission system can achieve the best reception performance and realize its function.展开更多
This paper introduces an innovative Software Quality Assurance framework tailored for B2C e-commerce systems, seamlessly integrating software quality with business objectives. Drawing from elements of the ISO 25000 se...This paper introduces an innovative Software Quality Assurance framework tailored for B2C e-commerce systems, seamlessly integrating software quality with business objectives. Drawing from elements of the ISO 25000 series and ISO 20000 standards, this framework specifically addresses challenges inherent to e-commerce. By establishing business-relevant KPIs, the framework ensures that ongoing improvement initiatives resonate with the company’s strategic goals. Additionally, the paper presents a Dynamic Bayesian Network model as a hands-on tool for implementing the framework within e-commerce organisations.展开更多
The thermal scratch seriously affects the surface quality of the cold rolled stainless steel strip. Some researchers have carried out qualitative and theoretical studies in this field. However, there is currently a la...The thermal scratch seriously affects the surface quality of the cold rolled stainless steel strip. Some researchers have carried out qualitative and theoretical studies in this field. However, there is currently a lack of research on effective forecast and control of thermal scratch defects in practical production, especially in tandem cold rolling. In order to establish precise mathematical model of oil film thickness in deformation zone, the lubrication in cold rolling process of SUS410L stainless steel strip is studied, and major factors affecting oil film thickness are also analyzed. According to the principle of statistics, mathematical model of critical oil film thickness in deformation zone for thermal scratch is built, with fitting and regression analytical method, and then based on temperature comparison method, the criterion for deciding thermal scratch defects is put forward. Storing and calling data through SQL Server 2010, a software on thermal scratch defects control is developed through Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 by MFC technique for stainless steel in tandem cold rolling, and then it is put into practical production. Statistics indicate that the hit rate of thermal scratch is as high as 92.38%, and the occurrence rate of thermal scratch is decreased by 89.13%. Owing to the application of the software, the rolling speed is increased by approximately 9.3%. The software developed provides an effective solution to the problem of thermal scratch defects in tandem cold rolling, and helps to promote products surface quality of stainless steel strips in practical production.展开更多
Cyber-physical systems(CPS) are complex systems with organic integration and in-depth collaboration of computation, communications and control(3C) technology. Subject to the theory and technology of existing network s...Cyber-physical systems(CPS) are complex systems with organic integration and in-depth collaboration of computation, communications and control(3C) technology. Subject to the theory and technology of existing network systems and physical systems, the development of CPS is facing enormous challenges.This paper first introduces the concept and characteristics of CPS and analyzes the present situation of CPS researches. Then the development of CPS is discussed from perspectives of system model, information processing technology and software design.At last it analyzes the main obstacles and key researches in developing CPS.展开更多
This paper presents the design of hardware and software of the house keeping system for a certain micro satellite. The system uses micro electronic technique, large scale integrated circuits, processors and computers ...This paper presents the design of hardware and software of the house keeping system for a certain micro satellite. The system uses micro electronic technique, large scale integrated circuits, processors and computers which has the advantages of strong function, high flexibility and reliability, It satisfies the requirements for efficient performance,light weight, small volume,and low consumption of power for micro satellite.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Three design principles are prominent in software development-encapsulation, data hiding, and separation of concerns...<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Three design principles are prominent in software development-encapsulation, data hiding, and separation of concerns. These principles are used as subjective quality criteria for both procedural and object-oriented applications. The purpose of research is to quantify encapsulation, data hiding, and separation of concerns is quantified using cyclomatic-based metrics. As a result of this research, the derived design metrics, coefficient of encapsulation, coefficient of data hiding, and coefficient of separation of concerns, are defined and applied to production software indicating whether the software has low or high encapsulation, data hiding, and separation of concerns.</span> </div>展开更多
Innovation and entrepreneurship education is becoming one of the important goals of higher education in China.According to the requirements of the Ministry of Education to deepen the reform of innovation and entrepren...Innovation and entrepreneurship education is becoming one of the important goals of higher education in China.According to the requirements of the Ministry of Education to deepen the reform of innovation and entrepreneur-ship education in colleges and universities,we propose a core principle of“from basis to comprehensiveness,and then to innovation”to construct the software design and programming practice course in the information and communication engineering discipline.We have integrated specialized knowledge teaching with innovation and entrepreneurship training,implemented a series of experimental projects that integrate theory with practice,and explored mixed teaching methods and diversified examination methods.In this paper,details about software design and programming practice course construction are shown from aspects of teaching content,teaching methods,and examination methods.These course construction experiences will benefit teachers who engage in innovative practical courses in the information and communication engineering discipline.展开更多
The evaluation of training effectiveness (TE) of military training aircraft, though obviously very important, appears to have attracted much less attention than what it deserves in the open literature. This article ...The evaluation of training effectiveness (TE) of military training aircraft, though obviously very important, appears to have attracted much less attention than what it deserves in the open literature. This article aims to start from previous studies and explore further. First, TE of military training aircraft is discussed and our ideas for evaluating TE which are expressed mathematically are proposed. Then, using the presented mathematical models, software is developed that takes into consideration the influence of parameters of flight performance and quality on TE. The software's environment is Borland C++ and it sets up the parameters of trainer, training standard databases and training documents; it can analyze and then give the operational cost and cost-effectiveness ratio of military trainer. Finally, the software is utilized to compare the TEs of HAWK and MB339 with that of Chinese Air Force TF-6. The results of comparison show that the TE of TF-6 is the lowest.展开更多
A software pattern is a reusable solution to address a commonly occurring problem within a given context when designing software.Using patterns is a common practice for software architects to ensure software quality.M...A software pattern is a reusable solution to address a commonly occurring problem within a given context when designing software.Using patterns is a common practice for software architects to ensure software quality.Many pattern collections have been proposed for a large number of application domains.However,because of the technology's recentness,there are only a few available collections with a lack of extensive testing in industrial blockchain applications.It is also difficult for software architects to adequately apply blockchain patterns in their applications,as it requires deep knowledge of blockchain technology.Through a systematic literature review,this paper has identified 120 unique blockchain-related patterns and proposes a pattern taxonomy composed of multiple categories,built from the extracted pattern collection.The purpose of this collection is to map,classify,and describe all the available patterns across the literature to help readers make adequate decisions regarding blockchain pattern selection.This study also shows potential applications of those patterns and identifies the relationships between blockchain patterns and other non-blockchain software patterns.展开更多
Software defect prevention is an important way to reduce the defect introduction rate.As the primary cause of software defects,human error can be the key to understanding and preventing software defects.This paper pro...Software defect prevention is an important way to reduce the defect introduction rate.As the primary cause of software defects,human error can be the key to understanding and preventing software defects.This paper proposes a defect prevention approach based on human error mechanisms:DPe HE.The approach includes both knowledge and regulation training in human error prevention.Knowledge training provides programmers with explicit knowledge on why programmers commit errors,what kinds of errors tend to be committed under different circumstances,and how these errors can be prevented.Regulation training further helps programmers to promote the awareness and ability to prevent human errors through practice.The practice is facilitated by a problem solving checklist and a root cause identification checklist.This paper provides a systematic framework that integrates knowledge across disciplines,e.g.,cognitive science,software psychology and software engineering to defend against human errors in software development.Furthermore,we applied this approach in an international company at CMM Level 5 and a software development institution at CMM Level 1 in the Chinese Aviation Industry.The application cases show that the approach is feasible and effective in promoting developers' ability to prevent software defects,independent of process maturity levels.展开更多
In this paper, we merge software trustworthiness with software design and present an approach to trustworthy software design with an automatically adapting software update. First, software behavior and results can be ...In this paper, we merge software trustworthiness with software design and present an approach to trustworthy software design with an automatically adapting software update. First, software behavior and results can be expected and behavior states can be monitored when a software runs by introducing a trustworthy behavior trace on a software and inserting a checkpoint sensor at each checkpoint of the trustworthy software. Second, an updated approach of the trustworthy behavior trace for the software at the level of checkpoints is presented. The trustworthy behavior traces of the software for two versions can be merged adequately by constructing split points and merge points between two trustworthy behavior traces. Finally, experiments and analyses show that: (1) the software designed by our approach can detect and report the anomaly in a software automatically and effectively, so it has a higher ability of trustworthiness evaluation than the traditional software; and (2) our approach can realize the accurate update of the trustworthy behavior trace with a lower space overhead of checkpoints when the software updates.展开更多
The thermal scratch significantly influences the surface quality of the cold rolled stainless steel strip. In or der to establish a precise mathematical model of oil film thickness in deformation zone, the lubrication...The thermal scratch significantly influences the surface quality of the cold rolled stainless steel strip. In or der to establish a precise mathematical model of oil film thickness in deformation zone, the lubrication in cold rolling process of B443NT stainless steel strip was studied in the laboratory. According to the principle of statistics, a math- ematical model of critical oil film thickness in deformation zone for thermal scratch was built, with fitting and regres- sion analytical method, and then based on temperature comparison method, the criterion for deciding thermal scratch defect was put forward. Storing and calling data through SQI. Server 2005, a software on thermal scratch control was developed in the Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 environment by MFC technique for stainless steel in tandem cold roll- ing, and then it was used into the practical production. Statistical results demonstrated that the hit rate of thermal scratch arrives at 91.47%, the occurrence rate of thermal scratch is decreased by 87.81%, and rolling speed is in- creased by 7.3%. The developed software is of significance to the control of products quality of stainless steel strips, and the analysis and solution to the problem of thermal scratch defects in tandem cold rolling.展开更多
The surfaces and refractive index of crystalline lens play an important role in the optical performance of human eye. On the basis of two eye models, which are widely applied at present, the effect of lens surfaces an...The surfaces and refractive index of crystalline lens play an important role in the optical performance of human eye. On the basis of two eye models, which are widely applied at present, the effect of lens surfaces and its refractive index distribution on optical imaging is analyzed with the optical design software ZEMAX (Zemax Development Co., San Diego, USA). The result shows that good image quality can be provided by the aspheric lens surfaces or (and) the gradient-index (GRIN) distribution. It has great potential in the design of intraocular lens (IOL). The eye models with an intraocular implantation are presented.展开更多
A novel class of molecules with structure N-(3-arylpropyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-oxoacridine-4-carboxamides (20- 29) were designed by generating a pharmacophore for potent MDR reversal activity using phase drug design so...A novel class of molecules with structure N-(3-arylpropyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-oxoacridine-4-carboxamides (20- 29) were designed by generating a pharmacophore for potent MDR reversal activity using phase drug design software. The designed molecules were synthesized by a novel synthesis route and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the transport activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) by standard Hoechst 33342 assay method. Based on the pIC50 values of ten title compounds screened, three compounds exhibited better activity as compared to Verapamil used as standard.展开更多
Graph transformation is an important modeling and analysis technique widely applied in software engineer- ing. The attributes can naturally conceptualize the properties of the modeled artifacts. However, the lack of s...Graph transformation is an important modeling and analysis technique widely applied in software engineer- ing. The attributes can naturally conceptualize the properties of the modeled artifacts. However, the lack of support for the specification of such attribute correspondence by ordi- nary propositional temporal logics hampers its further appli- cation during verification. Different from the theoretical in- vestigations on quantified second order logics, we propose a practical and light-weight approach for the verification of this kind of temporal specifications with associated attributes. Particularly, we apply our approach and extend the general- purpose graph transformation modeling tool: GROOVE. More- over, symmetry reduction techniques are exploited to reduce the number of states. Experiments with performance evalua- tions complement our discussion and demonstrate the feasi- bility and efficiency of our approach.展开更多
We propose a feedback type oscillator and two negative resistance oscillators.These microwave oscillators have been designed in the S band frequency.A relatively symmetric resonator is used in the feedback type oscill...We propose a feedback type oscillator and two negative resistance oscillators.These microwave oscillators have been designed in the S band frequency.A relatively symmetric resonator is used in the feedback type oscillator.The first negative resistance oscillator uses a simple lumped element resonator which is substituted by a microstrip resonator in the second oscillator to improve results.The negative resistance oscillator produces 4.207 dBm and 7.124 dBm output power with the lumped element resonator and microstrip resonator respectively,and the feedback type oscillator produces ?10.707 dBm output power.The feedback type oscillator operates at 3 GHz with phase noise levels at-83.30 dBc/Hz and-103.3 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz and 1 MHz offset frequencies respectively.The phase noise levels of the negative resistance oscillator with the lumped element resonator are-94.64 dBc/Hz and-116 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz and 1 MHz offset frequencies respectively,at an oscillation frequency of 3.053 GHz.With the microstrip resonator the phase noise levels are-99.49 dBc/Hz and-119.641 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz and 1 MHz offset frequencies respectively,at an oscillation frequency of 3.072 GHz.The results showed that both the output power and the phase noise of the negative resistance oscillators were better than those of the feedback type oscillator.展开更多
文摘This paper points out various relationships between Design Knowledge and Software Engineering. After introduction of human design, the relationships between industrial Software Engineering is discussed, then further details of human design knowledge are revealed with discussions on humanistic aspects of design.
文摘Presents the design scheme developed for design of software for Integrated Passive and Active Vibration Control(IPAVC) and the coding of a prototyne system, and the selection of the famous finite element program MSC/NASTRAN as an important module of software to deal with large and complicated structures and systems with an example to demonstrate the prototype system.
文摘The manuscript developed an optimal frequency band transmission system structure of QPSK. The software programming experiment of this complete QPSK optimal band transmission system is designed and realized based on Matlab. The experimental parameters used in the design are consistent with the requirements of the actual system parameters. The key code of the software design is given in each module of the system. The whole system is simulated. The simulation results show that the QPSK optimal band transmission system can achieve the best reception performance and realize its function.
文摘This paper introduces an innovative Software Quality Assurance framework tailored for B2C e-commerce systems, seamlessly integrating software quality with business objectives. Drawing from elements of the ISO 25000 series and ISO 20000 standards, this framework specifically addresses challenges inherent to e-commerce. By establishing business-relevant KPIs, the framework ensures that ongoing improvement initiatives resonate with the company’s strategic goals. Additionally, the paper presents a Dynamic Bayesian Network model as a hands-on tool for implementing the framework within e-commerce organisations.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51174057,51274062)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,Grant No.2012AA03A503)
文摘The thermal scratch seriously affects the surface quality of the cold rolled stainless steel strip. Some researchers have carried out qualitative and theoretical studies in this field. However, there is currently a lack of research on effective forecast and control of thermal scratch defects in practical production, especially in tandem cold rolling. In order to establish precise mathematical model of oil film thickness in deformation zone, the lubrication in cold rolling process of SUS410L stainless steel strip is studied, and major factors affecting oil film thickness are also analyzed. According to the principle of statistics, mathematical model of critical oil film thickness in deformation zone for thermal scratch is built, with fitting and regression analytical method, and then based on temperature comparison method, the criterion for deciding thermal scratch defects is put forward. Storing and calling data through SQL Server 2010, a software on thermal scratch defects control is developed through Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 by MFC technique for stainless steel in tandem cold rolling, and then it is put into practical production. Statistics indicate that the hit rate of thermal scratch is as high as 92.38%, and the occurrence rate of thermal scratch is decreased by 89.13%. Owing to the application of the software, the rolling speed is increased by approximately 9.3%. The software developed provides an effective solution to the problem of thermal scratch defects in tandem cold rolling, and helps to promote products surface quality of stainless steel strips in practical production.
基金supported by National Natural Science of China(61170262,61371177)
文摘Cyber-physical systems(CPS) are complex systems with organic integration and in-depth collaboration of computation, communications and control(3C) technology. Subject to the theory and technology of existing network systems and physical systems, the development of CPS is facing enormous challenges.This paper first introduces the concept and characteristics of CPS and analyzes the present situation of CPS researches. Then the development of CPS is discussed from perspectives of system model, information processing technology and software design.At last it analyzes the main obstacles and key researches in developing CPS.
文摘This paper presents the design of hardware and software of the house keeping system for a certain micro satellite. The system uses micro electronic technique, large scale integrated circuits, processors and computers which has the advantages of strong function, high flexibility and reliability, It satisfies the requirements for efficient performance,light weight, small volume,and low consumption of power for micro satellite.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Three design principles are prominent in software development-encapsulation, data hiding, and separation of concerns. These principles are used as subjective quality criteria for both procedural and object-oriented applications. The purpose of research is to quantify encapsulation, data hiding, and separation of concerns is quantified using cyclomatic-based metrics. As a result of this research, the derived design metrics, coefficient of encapsulation, coefficient of data hiding, and coefficient of separation of concerns, are defined and applied to production software indicating whether the software has low or high encapsulation, data hiding, and separation of concerns.</span> </div>
基金This work is supported by the Teaching Reform Project of Harbin Engineering University under Grant JG2021B0806.
文摘Innovation and entrepreneurship education is becoming one of the important goals of higher education in China.According to the requirements of the Ministry of Education to deepen the reform of innovation and entrepreneur-ship education in colleges and universities,we propose a core principle of“from basis to comprehensiveness,and then to innovation”to construct the software design and programming practice course in the information and communication engineering discipline.We have integrated specialized knowledge teaching with innovation and entrepreneurship training,implemented a series of experimental projects that integrate theory with practice,and explored mixed teaching methods and diversified examination methods.In this paper,details about software design and programming practice course construction are shown from aspects of teaching content,teaching methods,and examination methods.These course construction experiences will benefit teachers who engage in innovative practical courses in the information and communication engineering discipline.
文摘The evaluation of training effectiveness (TE) of military training aircraft, though obviously very important, appears to have attracted much less attention than what it deserves in the open literature. This article aims to start from previous studies and explore further. First, TE of military training aircraft is discussed and our ideas for evaluating TE which are expressed mathematically are proposed. Then, using the presented mathematical models, software is developed that takes into consideration the influence of parameters of flight performance and quality on TE. The software's environment is Borland C++ and it sets up the parameters of trainer, training standard databases and training documents; it can analyze and then give the operational cost and cost-effectiveness ratio of military trainer. Finally, the software is utilized to compare the TEs of HAWK and MB339 with that of Chinese Air Force TF-6. The results of comparison show that the TE of TF-6 is the lowest.
文摘A software pattern is a reusable solution to address a commonly occurring problem within a given context when designing software.Using patterns is a common practice for software architects to ensure software quality.Many pattern collections have been proposed for a large number of application domains.However,because of the technology's recentness,there are only a few available collections with a lack of extensive testing in industrial blockchain applications.It is also difficult for software architects to adequately apply blockchain patterns in their applications,as it requires deep knowledge of blockchain technology.Through a systematic literature review,this paper has identified 120 unique blockchain-related patterns and proposes a pattern taxonomy composed of multiple categories,built from the extracted pattern collection.The purpose of this collection is to map,classify,and describe all the available patterns across the literature to help readers make adequate decisions regarding blockchain pattern selection.This study also shows potential applications of those patterns and identifies the relationships between blockchain patterns and other non-blockchain software patterns.
文摘Software defect prevention is an important way to reduce the defect introduction rate.As the primary cause of software defects,human error can be the key to understanding and preventing software defects.This paper proposes a defect prevention approach based on human error mechanisms:DPe HE.The approach includes both knowledge and regulation training in human error prevention.Knowledge training provides programmers with explicit knowledge on why programmers commit errors,what kinds of errors tend to be committed under different circumstances,and how these errors can be prevented.Regulation training further helps programmers to promote the awareness and ability to prevent human errors through practice.The practice is facilitated by a problem solving checklist and a root cause identification checklist.This paper provides a systematic framework that integrates knowledge across disciplines,e.g.,cognitive science,software psychology and software engineering to defend against human errors in software development.Furthermore,we applied this approach in an international company at CMM Level 5 and a software development institution at CMM Level 1 in the Chinese Aviation Industry.The application cases show that the approach is feasible and effective in promoting developers' ability to prevent software defects,independent of process maturity levels.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60873203)the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Security and Trusted Computing Ministry of Education (AISTC2009_03)+1 种基金the Outstanding Youth Foundation of Hebei Province (F2010000317)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (F2010000319, F2011201039)
文摘In this paper, we merge software trustworthiness with software design and present an approach to trustworthy software design with an automatically adapting software update. First, software behavior and results can be expected and behavior states can be monitored when a software runs by introducing a trustworthy behavior trace on a software and inserting a checkpoint sensor at each checkpoint of the trustworthy software. Second, an updated approach of the trustworthy behavior trace for the software at the level of checkpoints is presented. The trustworthy behavior traces of the software for two versions can be merged adequately by constructing split points and merge points between two trustworthy behavior traces. Finally, experiments and analyses show that: (1) the software designed by our approach can detect and report the anomaly in a software automatically and effectively, so it has a higher ability of trustworthiness evaluation than the traditional software; and (2) our approach can realize the accurate update of the trustworthy behavior trace with a lower space overhead of checkpoints when the software updates.
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51174057,51274062)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2012AA03A503)
文摘The thermal scratch significantly influences the surface quality of the cold rolled stainless steel strip. In or der to establish a precise mathematical model of oil film thickness in deformation zone, the lubrication in cold rolling process of B443NT stainless steel strip was studied in the laboratory. According to the principle of statistics, a math- ematical model of critical oil film thickness in deformation zone for thermal scratch was built, with fitting and regres- sion analytical method, and then based on temperature comparison method, the criterion for deciding thermal scratch defect was put forward. Storing and calling data through SQI. Server 2005, a software on thermal scratch control was developed in the Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 environment by MFC technique for stainless steel in tandem cold roll- ing, and then it was used into the practical production. Statistical results demonstrated that the hit rate of thermal scratch arrives at 91.47%, the occurrence rate of thermal scratch is decreased by 87.81%, and rolling speed is in- creased by 7.3%. The developed software is of significance to the control of products quality of stainless steel strips, and the analysis and solution to the problem of thermal scratch defects in tandem cold rolling.
基金the National Na-ture Science Foundation of China (No.60678048)the Nature Science Foundations of Jiangsu Province (No.BK2007207 and BS2007061).
文摘The surfaces and refractive index of crystalline lens play an important role in the optical performance of human eye. On the basis of two eye models, which are widely applied at present, the effect of lens surfaces and its refractive index distribution on optical imaging is analyzed with the optical design software ZEMAX (Zemax Development Co., San Diego, USA). The result shows that good image quality can be provided by the aspheric lens surfaces or (and) the gradient-index (GRIN) distribution. It has great potential in the design of intraocular lens (IOL). The eye models with an intraocular implantation are presented.
文摘A novel class of molecules with structure N-(3-arylpropyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-oxoacridine-4-carboxamides (20- 29) were designed by generating a pharmacophore for potent MDR reversal activity using phase drug design software. The designed molecules were synthesized by a novel synthesis route and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the transport activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) by standard Hoechst 33342 assay method. Based on the pIC50 values of ten title compounds screened, three compounds exhibited better activity as compared to Verapamil used as standard.
文摘Graph transformation is an important modeling and analysis technique widely applied in software engineer- ing. The attributes can naturally conceptualize the properties of the modeled artifacts. However, the lack of support for the specification of such attribute correspondence by ordi- nary propositional temporal logics hampers its further appli- cation during verification. Different from the theoretical in- vestigations on quantified second order logics, we propose a practical and light-weight approach for the verification of this kind of temporal specifications with associated attributes. Particularly, we apply our approach and extend the general- purpose graph transformation modeling tool: GROOVE. More- over, symmetry reduction techniques are exploited to reduce the number of states. Experiments with performance evalua- tions complement our discussion and demonstrate the feasi- bility and efficiency of our approach.
文摘We propose a feedback type oscillator and two negative resistance oscillators.These microwave oscillators have been designed in the S band frequency.A relatively symmetric resonator is used in the feedback type oscillator.The first negative resistance oscillator uses a simple lumped element resonator which is substituted by a microstrip resonator in the second oscillator to improve results.The negative resistance oscillator produces 4.207 dBm and 7.124 dBm output power with the lumped element resonator and microstrip resonator respectively,and the feedback type oscillator produces ?10.707 dBm output power.The feedback type oscillator operates at 3 GHz with phase noise levels at-83.30 dBc/Hz and-103.3 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz and 1 MHz offset frequencies respectively.The phase noise levels of the negative resistance oscillator with the lumped element resonator are-94.64 dBc/Hz and-116 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz and 1 MHz offset frequencies respectively,at an oscillation frequency of 3.053 GHz.With the microstrip resonator the phase noise levels are-99.49 dBc/Hz and-119.641 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz and 1 MHz offset frequencies respectively,at an oscillation frequency of 3.072 GHz.The results showed that both the output power and the phase noise of the negative resistance oscillators were better than those of the feedback type oscillator.