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Responses of plant diversity and soil microorganism diversity to nitrogen addition in the desert steppe,China
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作者 YE He HONG Mei +4 位作者 XU Xuehui LIANG Zhiwei JIANG Na TU Nare WU Zhendan 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期447-459,共13页
Nitrogen(N)deposition is a significant aspect of global change and poses a threat to terrestrial biodiversity.The impact of plant-soil microbe relationships to N deposition has recently attracted considerable attentio... Nitrogen(N)deposition is a significant aspect of global change and poses a threat to terrestrial biodiversity.The impact of plant-soil microbe relationships to N deposition has recently attracted considerable attention.Soil microorganisms have been proven to provide nutrients for specific plant growth,especially in nutrient-poor desert steppe ecosystems.However,the effects of N deposition on plant-soil microbial community interactions in such ecosystems remain poorly understood.To investigate these effects,we conducted a 6-year N-addition field experiment in a Stipa breviflora Griseb.desert steppe in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.Four N treatment levels(N0,N30,N50,and N100,corresponding to 0,30,50,and 100 kg N/(hm2•a),respectively)were applied to simulate atmospheric N deposition.The results showed that N deposition did not significantly affect the aboveground biomass of desert steppe plants.N deposition did not significantly reduce the alfa-diversity of plant and microbial communities in the desert steppe,and low and mediate N additions(N30 and N50)had a promoting effect on them.The variation pattern of plant Shannon index was consistent with that of the soil bacterial Chao1 index.N deposition significantly affected the beta-diversity of plants and soil bacteria,but did not significantly affect fungal communities.In conclusion,N deposition led to co-evolution between desert steppe plants and soil bacterial communities,while fungal communities exhibited strong stability and did not undergo significant changes.These findings help clarify atmospheric N deposition effects on the ecological health and function of the desert steppe. 展开更多
关键词 soil microorganisms plant-microbial community interaction plant diversity nitrogen deposition desert steppe
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Effect of salinization on soil properties and mechanisms beneficial to microorganisms in salinized soil remediation-a review
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作者 Jing Pan Xian Xue +6 位作者 CuiHua Huang QuanGang You PingLin Guo RuiQi Yang FuWen Da ZhenWei Duan Fei Peng 《Research in Cold and Arid Regions》 CSCD 2024年第3期121-128,共8页
Salinized soil is an important reserved arable land resource in China.The management and utilization of salinized soil can safeguard the current size of arable land and a stable grain yield.Salt accumulation will lead... Salinized soil is an important reserved arable land resource in China.The management and utilization of salinized soil can safeguard the current size of arable land and a stable grain yield.Salt accumulation will lead to the deterioration of soil properties,destroy soil production potential and damage soil ecological functions,which in turn will threaten global water and soil resources and food security,and affect sustainable socio-economic development.Microorganisms are important components of salinized soil.Microbial remediation is an important research tool in improving salinized soil and is key to realizing sustainable development of agriculture and the ecosystem.Knowledge about the impact of salinization on soil properties and measures using microorganisms in remediation of salinized soil has grown over time.However,the mechanisms governing these impacts and the ecological principles for microbial remediation are scarce.Thus,it is imperative to summarize the effects of salinization on soil physical,chemical,and microbial properties,and then review the related mechanisms of halophilic and halotolerant microorganisms in salinized soil remediation via direct and indirect pathways.The stability,persistence,and safety of the microbial remediation effect is also highlighted in this review to further promote the application of microbial remediation in salinized soil.The objective of this review is to provide reference and theoretical support for the improvement and utilization of salinized soil. 展开更多
关键词 Salinized soil Microbial remediation Halophilic and halotolerant microorganisms soil properties
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The Combination of Achnatherum inebrians Extracts and Soil Microorganisms Inhibited Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Elymus nutans
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作者 Rui Zhang Taixiang Chen +4 位作者 Zhenjiang Chen Hao Chen Xuekai Wei Malik Kamran Chunjie Li 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第3期567-580,共14页
In a greenhouse experiment,the effects of soil microorganisms and extracts of Achnatherum inebrians on the seed germination and seedling growth of Elymus nutans were studied.The results showed that both the extracts f... In a greenhouse experiment,the effects of soil microorganisms and extracts of Achnatherum inebrians on the seed germination and seedling growth of Elymus nutans were studied.The results showed that both the extracts from aboveground and belowground parts of A.inebrians significantly inhibited the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling height,root length,and fresh weight of E.nutans,but increased malondialdehyde content,catalase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity of E.nutans seedlings(p<0.05).The allelopathy of aqueous extracts of the aboveground parts of A.inebrians was stronger than that of the pre-cipitates.Aqueous extracts of the aboveground parts of A.inebrians decreased seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling length,root length,and seedling fresh weight by 10.45%-74.63%,24.18%-32.50%,19.03%-73.36%,37.83%-88.41%,21.42%-53.14%,2.65%-40.21%,and 20.45%-61.36%,respectively,and malondialdehyde content,peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase activity increased by 8.09%-62.24%,27.83%-86.47%,22.90%-93.17%,and 11.15%-75.91%,respectively.The above indexes were higher in live soil than in sterilized soil.Soil microorganisms increased the allelopathy of A.inebrians.The seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling length,and seedling fresh weight of E.nutans planted in live soil decreased by 8.22%-48.48%,10.00%-51.85%,8.19%-53.26%,16.43%-60.03%,12.91%-28.81%,and 9.09%-22.86%compared with sterilized soil,respectively.Malondialdehyde content,peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase activity of E.nutans planted in live soil increased by 53.91%-81.06%,15.71%-57.34%,33.33%-86.31%,and 9.78%-52.51%compared with sterilized soil,respectively.The existence of soil microorganisms enhanced the allelopathy of the secondary metabolites of A.inebrians.A combination of microorganisms and aqueous extracts from the aboveground parts of A.inebrians had the strongest allelopathic effect on E.nutans. 展开更多
关键词 Achnatherum inebrians water immersion liquid aqueous leachate precipitate ALLELOPATHY Elymus nutans soil microorganisms
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Bibliometric analysis of soil phosphate solubilizing microorganisms research using VOSviewer
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作者 Xian-yuan Du Dan-dan Li +2 位作者 Qiang-wei Wang Han-yu Zhang Yang Yang 《Life Research》 2024年第1期10-15,共6页
Phosphorus-solubilizing microbes play key roles in improving phosphorus availability and in alleviating phosphorus nutrient limitation in soils. However, we did not have a comprehensive understanding of the overall re... Phosphorus-solubilizing microbes play key roles in improving phosphorus availability and in alleviating phosphorus nutrient limitation in soils. However, we did not have a comprehensive understanding of the overall research progress and development trend of phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms. In this study, we obtain documents from the Web of Science (WOS) core collection between 2002 and 2022, and a comprehensive review of the progress of global research on soil phosphate solubilizing microorganisms was conducted by using the VOSviewer bibliometric analysis tool. The results showed an increasing trend in the number of published articles from 2002 to 2022. India, accounting for 28% of the total number of published articles, became the most productive country. However, Canada was the country with the highest average citation frequency of articles. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) was the greatest contributor with the most publications. Among the published journals, Frontiers in Microbiology, Applied Soil Ecology and Plant and Soil were the top three core journals in this field. Based on the keyword analysis, the assessment of the mechanisms between phosphorus solubilizing microbes and the soil carbon cycles with the different management practices became the new research trend among the scientific communities. These findings would provide an important reference value for future in-depth research on soil phosphate solubilizing microorganisms. 展开更多
关键词 soil phosphate solubilizing microorganisms BIBLIOMETRICS VOSviewe
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Bioactive Characteristics of Soil Microorganisms in Different-aged Orange (Citrus reticulate) Plantations 被引量:1
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作者 刘菊 夏会娟 +1 位作者 王建柱 张文丽 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2012年第6期1277-1281,1286,共6页
[Objective] The paper was to study the bioactive characteristics of soil microorganisms in different-aged orange plantations. [Method] Taking 010 cm deep soil in 3 orange plantations with different planting years in s... [Objective] The paper was to study the bioactive characteristics of soil microorganisms in different-aged orange plantations. [Method] Taking 010 cm deep soil in 3 orange plantations with different planting years in suburb of Yichang City as the test object, the variation rule of total organic carbon, total nitrogen, soil pH value, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, number of 3 main types of soil microbial flora, basal respiration, microbial entropy and metabolic entropy in differentaged orange plantations was studied. [Result] With the increase of planting years, the soil acidification of different-aged orange plantations was aggravating; total organic carbon and total nitrogen content increased first and then decreased; the total number of soil microorganism showed a downtrend, of which the number of bacteria decreased significantly, the number of actinomycetes had small changes, the number of fungi increased significantly, and the ratio of bacteria and fungi in soil (B/F) showed a decreasing trend. Soil microbial biomass carbon was fluctuated within a small range, whereas soil microbial biomass nitrogen decreased significantly; soil microbial entropy decreased significantly, and metabolic entropy showed an increasing trend. This indicated that the decrease of soil pH value affected the changes of soil microbial flora, microbial activity, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen and soil major nutrients, and further affected the normal exertion of soil function. [Conclusion] The study explores soil nutrient characteristics and changes of microbial flora in test area, which will provide scientific basis for further study on orchard soil and orchard management. 展开更多
关键词 planting year Artificial forest Microbial population soil microbial biomass Microbial activity
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N-fixing tree species promote the chemical stability of soil organic carbon in subtropical plantations through increasing the relative contribution of plant-derived lipids
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作者 Xiaodan Ye Junwei Luan +3 位作者 Hui Wang Yu Zhang Yi Wang Shirong Liu 《Forest Ecosystems》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第5期758-769,共12页
Biodiversity experiments have shown that soil organic carbon(SOC)is not only a function of plant diversity,but is also closely related to the nitrogen(N)-fixing plants.However,the effect of N-fixing trees on SOC chemi... Biodiversity experiments have shown that soil organic carbon(SOC)is not only a function of plant diversity,but is also closely related to the nitrogen(N)-fixing plants.However,the effect of N-fixing trees on SOC chemical stability is still little known,especially with the compounding effects of tree species diversity.An experimental field manipulation was established in subtropical plantations of southern China to explore the impacts of tree species richness(i.e.,one,two,four and six tree species)and with/without N-fixing trees on SOC chemical stability,as indicated by the ratio of easily oxidized organic carbon to SOC(EOC/SOC).Plant-derived C components in terms of hydrolysable plant lipids and lignin phenols were isolated from soils for evaluating their relative contributions to SOC chemical stability.The results showed that N-fixing tree species rather than tree species richness had a significant effect on EOC/SOC.Hydrolysable plant lipids and lignin phenols were negatively correlated with EOC/SOC,while hydrolysable plant lipids contributed more to EOC/SOC than lignin phenols,especially in the occurrence of N-fixing trees.The presence of N-fixing tree species led to an increase in soil N availability and a decrease in fungal abundance,promoting the selective retention of certain key components of hydrolysable plant lipids,thus enhancing SOC chemical stability.These findings underpin the crucial role of N-fixing trees in shaping SOC chemical stability,and therefore,preferential selection of N-fixing tree species in mixed plantations is an appropriate silvicultural strategy to improve SOC chemical stability in subtropical plantations. 展开更多
关键词 Tree species diversity soil organic carbon N-fixing tree species Hydrolysable plant lipids Lignin phenols
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Effects of desert plant communities on soil enzyme activities and soil organic carbon in the proluvial fan in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountain in Ningxia,China
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作者 SHEN Aihong SHI Yun +8 位作者 MI Wenbao YUE Shaoli SHE Jie ZHANG Fenghong GUO Rui HE Hongyuan WU Tao LI Hongxia ZHAO Na 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第5期725-737,共13页
It is of great significance to study the effects of desert plants on soil enzyme activities and soil organic carbon(SOC)for maintaining the stability of the desert ecosystem.In this study,we studied the responses of s... It is of great significance to study the effects of desert plants on soil enzyme activities and soil organic carbon(SOC)for maintaining the stability of the desert ecosystem.In this study,we studied the responses of soil enzyme activities and SOC fractions(particulate organic carbon(POC)and mineral-associated organic carbon(MAOC))to five typical desert plant communities(Convolvulus tragacanthoides,Ephedra rhytidosperma,Stipa breviflora,Stipa tianschanica var.gobica,and Salsola laricifolia communities)in the proluvial fan in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountain in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China.We recorded the plant community information mainly including the plant coverage and herb and shrub species,and obtained the aboveground biomass and plant species diversity through sample surveys in late July 2023.Soil samples were also collected at depths of 0–10 cm(topsoil)and 10–20 cm(subsoil)to determine the soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities.The results showed that the plant coverage and aboveground biomass of S.laricifolia community were significantly higher than those of C.tragacanthoides,S.breviflora,and S.tianschanica var.gobica communities(P<0.05).Soil enzyme activities varied among different plant communities.In the topsoil,the enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)andβ-1,4-glucosidas(βG)were significantly higher in E.rhytidosperma and S.tianschanica var.gobica communities than in other plant communities(P<0.05).The topsoil had higher POC and MAOC contents than the subsoil.Specifically,the content of POC in the topsoil was 18.17%–42.73%higher than that in the subsoil.The structural equation model(SEM)indicated that plant species diversity,soil pH,and soil water content(SWC)were the main factors influencing POC and MAOC.The soil pH inhibited the formation of POC and promoted the formation of MAOC.Conversely,SWC stimulated POC production and hindered MAOC formation.Our study aimed to gain insight into the effects of desert plant communities on soil enzyme activities and SOC fractions,as well as the drivers of SOC fractions in the proluvial fan in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountain and other desert ecosystems. 展开更多
关键词 proluvial fan desert plant community soil enzyme activity particulate organic carbon mineral-associated organic carbon Helan Mountain
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Impacts of Micro- and Nano-Plastics on Soil Properties and Plant Production in Agroecosystems: A Mini-Review
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作者 Dafeng Hui Faisal Hayat +1 位作者 Muhammad Salam Prabodh Illukpitiya 《Agricultural Sciences》 2024年第10期1089-1111,共23页
Micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) are tiny plastic particles resulting from plastic product degradation. Soil MNPs have been identified as potential influential factors affecting various soil properties and crop biomass... Micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) are tiny plastic particles resulting from plastic product degradation. Soil MNPs have been identified as potential influential factors affecting various soil properties and crop biomass productivity. This mini-review provides a synthesis of recent findings concerning their effects on soil physicochemical properties, microorganisms, organic carbon content, soil nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, soil fauna, and their impacts on plant ecophysiology, growth, and production. The results indicate that MNPs may markedly impede soil aggregation ability, increase porosity, decrease soil bulk density, enhance water retention capacity, influence soil pH and electrical conductivity, and escalate soil water evaporation. Exposure to MNPs may predominantly induce changes in soil microbial composition, reducing the diversity and complexity of microbial communities and microbial activity while enhancing soil organic carbon stability, influencing soil nutrient dynamics, and stimulating organic carbon decomposition and denitrification processes, leading to elevated soil respiration and methane emissions, and potentially decreasing soil nitrous oxide emission. Additionally, MNPs may adversely affect soil fauna, diminish seed germination rates, promote plant root growth, yet impair plant photosynthetic efficacy and biomass productivity. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the impacts and mechanistic foundations of MNPs. Future research avenues are suggested to further explore the impacts and economic implications. 展开更多
关键词 soil Property Micro- and Nano-Plastics Crop Yield soil microorganism soil Fauna soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions
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Differential Expression of Genes Related to Fruit Development and Capsaicinoids Synthesis in Habanero Pepper Plants Grown in Contrasting Soil Types
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作者 Eduardo Burgos-Valencia Federico García-Laynes +4 位作者 Ileana Echevarría-Machado Fatima Medina-Lara Miriam Monforte-González JoséNarváez-Zapata Manuel Martínez-Estévez 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第2期151-183,共33页
Habanero pepper(Capsicum chinense Jacq.)is a crop of economic relevance in the Peninsula of Yucatan.Its fruits have a high level of capsaicinoids compared to peppers grown in other regions of the world,which gives the... Habanero pepper(Capsicum chinense Jacq.)is a crop of economic relevance in the Peninsula of Yucatan.Its fruits have a high level of capsaicinoids compared to peppers grown in other regions of the world,which gives them industrial importance.Soil is an important factor that affects pepper development,nutritional quality,and capsaicinoid content.However,the effect of soil type on fruit development and capsaicinoid metabolism has been little understood.This work aimed to compare the effect of soils with contrasting characteristics,black soil(BS)and red soil(RS),on the expression of genes related to the development of fruits,and capsaicinoid synthesis using a transcriptomic analysis of the habanero pepper fruits.Plants growing in RS had bigger fruits and higher expression of genes related to floral development,fruit abscission,and softening which suggests that RS stimulates fruit development from early stages until maturation stages.Fruits from plants growing in BS had enrichment in metabolic pathways related to growth,sugars,and photosynthesis.Besides,these fruits had higher capsaicinoid accumulation at 25 days post-anthesis,and higher expression of genes related to the branched-chain amino acids metabolism(ketol-acid reductisomerase KARI),pentose phosphate pathway and production of NADPH(glucose-6-phosphate-1-dehydrogenase G6PDH),and proteasome and vesicular traffic in cells(26S proteasome regulatory subunit T4 RPT4),which suggest that BS is better in the early stimulation of pathways related to the nutritional quality and capsaicinoid metabolism in the fruits. 展开更多
关键词 Capsicum chinense jacq soil types plant growth environmental conditions fruit quality capsaicinoid metabolism TRANSCRIPTOME
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Determination of Metal Content in Soil and Wheat Plant by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
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作者 Iubu (Badea) Anişoara Ion V. Popescu +1 位作者 Claudia Stihi Ioana Daniela Dulama 《Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment》 2024年第3期300-311,共12页
This study aims to investigate the level of soil pollution and the grade of accumulation of metals and heavy metals by wheat plants from the soil in different parts of the crop: root, stem, leaf, spike and grain. Samp... This study aims to investigate the level of soil pollution and the grade of accumulation of metals and heavy metals by wheat plants from the soil in different parts of the crop: root, stem, leaf, spike and grain. Sampling campaigns took place in February, April and July when wheat plants were at different growth stages. A number of eight soil samples and eight wheat plant samples were collected. The sampled wheat plant was taken at the same time and from the same place as the soil. Concentrations of Al (aluminium), Cr (chromium), Mn (manganese), Fe (iron), Ni (nickel), Co (cobalt), Cu (copper), Zn (zinc), Sr (strontium), Cd (cadmium) and Pb (lead) were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Bioconcentration and translocation factors were calculated for the samples analysed. 展开更多
关键词 soil Wheat plant Heavy Metals Translocation Factor
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Influence of soil microorganisms and physicochemical properties on plant diversity in an arid desert of Western China 被引量:5
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作者 Xiaodong Yang Yanxin Long +5 位作者 Binoy Sarkar Yan Li Guanghui Lv Arshad Ali Jianjun Yang Yue-E.Cao 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第6期2645-2659,共15页
Soil microorganisms and physicochemical properties are considered the two most influencing factors for maintaining plant diversity.However,the operational mechanisms and which factor is the most influential manipulato... Soil microorganisms and physicochemical properties are considered the two most influencing factors for maintaining plant diversity.However,the operational mechanisms and which factor is the most influential manipulator remain poorly understood.In this study,we examine the collaborative influences of soil physicochemical properties(i.e.,soil water,soil organic matter(SOM),salinity,total phosphorus and nitrogen,pH,soil bulk density and fine root biomass)and soil microorganisms(fungi and bacteria)on plant diversity across two types of tree patches dominated by big and small trees(big trees:height≥7 m and DBH≥60 cm;small trees:height≤4.5 m and DBH≤20 cm)in an arid desert region.Tree patch is consists of a single tree or group of trees and their accompanying shrubs and herbs.It was hypothesized that soil physicochemical properties and microorganisms affect plant diversity but their influence differ.The results show that plant and soil microbial diversity increased with increasing distances from big trees.SOM,salinity,fine root biomass,soil water,total phosphorus and total nitrogen contents decreased with increasing distance from big trees,while pH and soil bulk density did not change.Plant and soil microbial diversity were higher in areas close to big trees compared with small trees,whereas soil physicochemical properties were opposite.The average contribution of soil physicochemical properties(12.2%-13.5%)to plant diversity was higher than microbial diversity(4.8%-6.7%).Salinity had the largest negative affect on plant diversity(24.7%-27.4%).This study suggests that soil fungi constrain plant diversity while bacteria improve it in tree patches.Soil physicochemical properties are the most important factor modulating plant diversity in arid desert tree patches. 展开更多
关键词 Arid ecosystem soil microbial diversity soil physicochemical properties plant diversity soil salinity
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Influences of Oyster Shell Soil Conditioner on Soil and Plant Rhizospheric Microorganisms 被引量:2
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作者 JIANG Guoliang, LIU Yun, DING Mingyu, KONG XiuqinCollege of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P. R. China 《Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao》 2003年第2期230-232,共3页
Oyster shell soil conditioner had significant influence on soil and rhizospheric microorganisms in their biomass,respiratory intensity and nutritional requirement. It could stimulate growth of soil and rhizospheric mi... Oyster shell soil conditioner had significant influence on soil and rhizospheric microorganisms in their biomass,respiratory intensity and nutritional requirement. It could stimulate growth of soil and rhizospheric microorganisms, especially nitrogen-fixers, and intensify soil respiration in proportion to the dose and fertilizing time of the conditioner, leading to the increase in the number of nitrogen fixing bacteria and the decrease in the number of bacteria with special nutrition demands. 展开更多
关键词 oyster shell soil conditioner soil microorganisms rhizospheric microorganisms
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Bioturbation Effects of Benthic Fish on Soil Microorganism of Paddy Field 被引量:5
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作者 胡勇军 孙刚 +1 位作者 房岩 韩国军 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2010年第4期172-175,共4页
[Objective]The research aimed to explore the bioturbation effects of benthic fish Misgurnus anguillicaudatus on soil microorganism(microflora,biomass,and special physiological groups) of paddy field.[Method]The expe... [Objective]The research aimed to explore the bioturbation effects of benthic fish Misgurnus anguillicaudatus on soil microorganism(microflora,biomass,and special physiological groups) of paddy field.[Method]The experiments were conducted locally and quantitatively in field,using plate count and MPN methods.[Result]In the microflora of paddy soil tested,the quantity of bacteria is the largest,followed by actinomycetes and fungus.Compared with the control paddy fields,in rice-fish paddy fields the quantities of bacteria,actinomycetes and fungus were higher,at significance level P 〈0.05,P 〈0.01,and P 〈0.01 respectively.The microbial biomass C and N in rice-fish paddy fields is remarkably higher than those in control paddy fields,both at significance level P 〈0.01;the microbial biomass P in rice-fish paddy fields is higher than that in control paddy fields,but at significance level P 〈0.05.Benthic fish promotes the growth of soil azotobacter,cellulolytic bacteria,nitrobacteria,sulfur bacteria,and ammonifying bacteria,restricts the reproduction of nitrate reducing bacteria and sulfate reducing bacteria.[Conclusion]The benthic fish had important effects on microflora,microbial biomass,and special microorganism physiological groups of paddy soil,improves the living conditions of soil microorganisms,promotes the soil fertility and bio-chemical activity,which is beneficial for improving the supply ability of soil nutrients such as N,P,S,as well as the efficiency of nutrient utilization. 展开更多
关键词 Benthic fish soil microorganism Paddy field Integrated ecosystem BIOTURBATION
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Impact of Transgenic Bt+CpTI Cotton on Soil Enzyme Activities and Soil Microorganisms
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作者 刘红梅 宋晓龙 +3 位作者 皇甫超河 张贵龙 杨殿林 赵建宁 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2013年第11期1610-1614,1619,共6页
Due to its strong and effective insecticidal properties, transgenic Bt+CpTI cotton has witnessed an expanding planting area in recent years, and the impact of its cultivation on soil ecosystem becomes an important pa... Due to its strong and effective insecticidal properties, transgenic Bt+CpTI cotton has witnessed an expanding planting area in recent years, and the impact of its cultivation on soil ecosystem becomes an important part of environmental risk assessment. Using transgenic Bt+CpTI cotton sGK321 and its parental homologous conventional cotton Shiyuan 321 as the study objects, a comparative analysis was conducted on the changes in enzyme activities (urease, alkaline phosphatase, and catalase) of the rhizosphere soil and changes in the number of culturable microor-ganisms (bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes) at different growth stages (seedling stage, budding stage, flower and bol stage, and bol opening stage) of sGK321 and Shiyuan 321 under the condition of 13 years field plantings. The results showed that, the populations of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycete and the soil enzyme activi-ties of urease, alkaline phosphatase and catalase had a similar variation trend along with the cotton growing process for transgenic cotton and conventional cotton. Some occasional and inconsistent effects on soil enzyme activities and soil fungi composi-tion in the rhizosphere soil of transgenic Bt+CpTI cotton were found at the seedling stage, budding stage, flower and bol stage as compared with that of conventional cotton. The amount of bacteria and actinomycetes were not significantly different during a certain stage; however, the activities of urease, catalase, alkaline phos-phatase, also with the number of fungi were significantly different, e.g. the urease activities at seedling stage, the alkaline phosphatase at seedling and budding stages, and the soil culturable fungi at flower and bol stage were less than that of conven-tional cotton, while the soil alkaline phosphatase activities at flower and bol stage were higher. Cluster analysis showed that soil enzyme activities and microbial popu-lation changed mainly along the growth processes, suffering little from the planting of transgenic Bt+CpTI cotton. 展开更多
关键词 Transgenic Bt+CpTI cotton Growth stage soil enzyme activities soil microorganisms
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Changes in the root system of the herbaceous peony and soil properties under different years of continuous planting and replanting 被引量:4
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作者 Anqi Xie Limin Sun +4 位作者 Dongliang Zhang Yang Li Zemiao Liu Xue Li Xia Sun 《Horticultural Plant Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第4期801-810,共10页
The herbaceous peony(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)has high ornamental value.Replanting problems occur when seedlings are replanted into previous holes.We studied the root system and soil environment of the'Dongjingnvl... The herbaceous peony(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)has high ornamental value.Replanting problems occur when seedlings are replanted into previous holes.We studied the root system and soil environment of the'Dongjingnvlang'variety under a continuous planting regime of one,four,and seven years,and a replanting regime of one and four years.Under the condition of continuous planting,with the increase of number of years,pH,ammonium nitrogen,and nitrate nitrogen decreased in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils,whereas organic matter,available phosphorus and potassium,enzyme activities,and the number of bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes increased.Under the condition of replanting,with the increase of number of years,fungi and actinomycetes in both soils increased,while pH,organic matter,nutrients,enzyme activities,and bacterial number decreased.pH,organic matter,nutrient content,enzyme activity and the number of bacterial were lower in soil replanted for four years,whereas the abundance of fungi and actinomycetes was higher,altering the soil from“bacterial high-fertility”to“fungal low-fertility”with increasing years of replanting.The activity of antioxidant enzymes and MDA content in roots of peony in replanting were higher than those in continuous planting,while the content of osmotic regulatory substances in replanting was lower than that in continuous planting.The results showed that there were no obvious adverse factors in soil during seven years of continuous planting,and herbaceous peony could maintain normal growth and development.However,soils after four years of replanting were not suitable for herbaceous peony growth.Benzoic acid increased with years of replanting,which potentially caused replanting problems.This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of replanting problems in the herbaceous peony. 展开更多
关键词 Herbaceous peony Replanting problems Continuous planting soil environment Phenolic acids PAEONIFLORIN
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Leguminosae plants play a key role in affecting soil physical-chemical and biological properties during grassland succession after farmland abandonment in the Loess Plateau,China 被引量:1
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作者 SUN Lin YU Zhouchang +5 位作者 TIAN Xingfang ZHANG Ying SHI Jiayi FU Rong LIANG Yujie ZHANG Wei 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第9期1107-1128,共22页
Leguminosae are an important part of terrestrial ecosystems and play a key role in promoting soil nutrient cycling and improving soil properties.However,plant composition and species diversity change rapidly during th... Leguminosae are an important part of terrestrial ecosystems and play a key role in promoting soil nutrient cycling and improving soil properties.However,plant composition and species diversity change rapidly during the process of succession,the effect of leguminosae on soil physical-chemical and biological properties is still unclear.This study investigated the changes in the composition of plant community,vegetation characteristics,soil physical-chemical properties,and soil biological properties on five former farmlands in China,which had been abandoned for 0,5,10,18,and 30 a.Results showed that,with successional time,plant community developed from annual plants to perennial plants,the importance of Leguminosae and Asteraceae significantly increased and decreased,respectively,and the importance of grass increased and then decreased,having a maximum value after 5 a of abandonment.Plant diversity indices increased with successional time,and vegetation coverage and above-and below-ground biomass increased significantly with successional time after 5 a of abandonment.Compared with farmland,30 a of abandonment significantly increased soil nutrient content,but total and available phosphorus decreased with successional time.Changes in plant community composition and vegetation characteristics not only change soil properties and improve soil physical-chemical properties,but also regulate soil biological activity,thus affecting soil nutrient cycling.Among these,Leguminosae have the greatest influence on soil properties,and their importance values and community composition are significantly correlated with soil properties.Therefore,this research provides more scientific guidance for selecting plant species to stabilize soil ecosystem of farmland to grassland in the Loess Plateau,China. 展开更多
关键词 secondary succession LEGUMINOSAE plant diversity plant community composition soil physical-chemical properties soil biological properties
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Ecological stoichiometric comparison of plant-litter-soil system in mixed-species and monoculture plantations of Robinia pseudoacacia,Amygdalus davidiana,and Armeniaca sibirica in the Loess Hilly Region of China 被引量:1
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作者 Senbao Lu Yunming Chen +1 位作者 Jordi Sardans Josep Penuelas 《Forest Ecosystems》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第3期411-424,共14页
We examined how afforestation patterns impact carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P)stoichiometry in the plant-litter-soil system.Plant leaf,branch,stem,and root,litter,and soil samples were collected from mixedspeci... We examined how afforestation patterns impact carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P)stoichiometry in the plant-litter-soil system.Plant leaf,branch,stem,and root,litter,and soil samples were collected from mixedspecies plantations of Robinia pseudoacacia with Amygdalus davidiana(RPAD),R.pseudoacacia with Armeniaca sibirica(RPAS),and monocultures of R.pseudoacacia(RP),A.davidiana(AD),and A.sibirica(AS)in the Loess Hilly Region.The results showed that in mixed-species plantations,R.pseudoacacia had lower leaf N and P concentrations than in monocultures,while both A.davidiana and A.sibirica had higher leaf N and P concentrations.Soil P limited tree growth in both afforestation models.Mixing R.pseudoacacia with A.davidiana or A.sibirica reduced N-limitation during litter decomposition.Average soil total N and P concentrations were higher in RPAS than in RPAD,and both were higher than the corresponding monocultures.The average soil C:N ratio was the smallest in RPAS,while the average soil C:P ratio was larger in RPAS than in RP.A positive correlation between N and P concentrations,and between C:N and C:P ratios,was found in litter and all plant organs of mono-and mixedstands.Alternatively,for N concentration and C:N ratio,the correlations between plant(i.e.,leaf,branch,root)and litter and between plant and soil were inverse between plantation types.RPAD has an increased litter decomposition rate to release N and P,while RPAS has a faster rate of soil N mineralization.RPAD was the best plantation(mixed)to improve biogeochemical cycling,as soil nutrient restrictions,particularly for P-limitation,on trees growth were alleviated.This study thus provides insights into suitable tree selection and management by revealing C:N:P stoichiometry in the plant-litter-soil system under different afforestation patterns. 展开更多
关键词 Stoichiometry plant LITTER soil Tree mixture Loess Plateau
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Heavy metal availability and impact on activity of soil microorganisms along a Cu/Zn contamination gradient 被引量:21
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作者 WANG Yuan-peng SHI Ji-yan +2 位作者 LIN Qi CHEN Xin-cai CHEN Ying-xu 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第7期848-853,共6页
All the regulations that define a maximum concentration of metals in the receiving soil are based on total soil metal concentration. However, the potential toxicity of a heavy metal in the soil depends on its speciati... All the regulations that define a maximum concentration of metals in the receiving soil are based on total soil metal concentration. However, the potential toxicity of a heavy metal in the soil depends on its speciation and availability. We studied the effects of heavy metal speciation and availability on soil microorganism activities along a Cu/Zn contamination gradient. Microbial biomass and enzyme activity of soil contaminated with both Cu and Zn were investigated. The results showed that microbial biomass was negatively affected by the elevated metal levels. The microbial biomass-C (Cmic)/organic C (Corg) ratio was closely correlated to heavy metal stress. There were negative correlations between soil microbial biomass, phosphatase activity and NH4NO3 extractable heavy metals. The soil microorganism activity could be predicted using empirical models with the availability of Cu and Zn. We observed that 72% of the variation in phosphatase activity could be explained by the NH4NO3-extractable and total heavy metal concentration. By considering different monitoring approaches and different viewpoints, this set of methods applied in this study seemed sensitive to site differences and contributed to a better understanding of the effects of heavy metals on the size and activity of microorganisms in soils. The data presented demonstrate the relationship between heavy metals availability and heavy metal toxicity to soil microorganism along a contamination gradient. 展开更多
关键词 heavy metals AVAILABILITY SPECIATION ACTIVITY soil microorganism
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Ecological effects of crude oil residues on the functional diversity of soil microorganisms in three weed rhizospheres 被引量:6
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作者 ZHANG Qian-ru ZHOU Qi-xing +2 位作者 REN Li-ping ZHU Yong-guan SUN Shu-lan 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第6期1101-1106,共6页
Ecological effects of crude oil residues on weed rhizospheres are still vague. The quantitative and diversity changes and metabolic responses of soil-bacterial communities in common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale),... Ecological effects of crude oil residues on weed rhizospheres are still vague. The quantitative and diversity changes and metabolic responses of soil-bacterial communities in common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), jerusalem artichoke (Silphiurn perfoliatum L.) and evening primrose (A colypha australis L.) rhizospheric soils were thus examined using the method of carbon source utilization. The results indicated that there were various toxic effects of crude oil residues on the growth and reproduction of soil bacteria, but the weed rhizospheres could mitigate the toxic effects. Total heterotrophic counting colony-forming units (CFUs) in the rhizospheric soils were significantly higher than those in the non-rhizospheric soils. The culturable soil-bacterial CFUs in the jerusalem artichoke (S. perfoliatum) rhizosphere polluted with 0.50 kg/pot of crude oil residues were almost twice as much as those with 0.25 kg/pot and without the addition of crude oil residues. The addition of crude oil residues increased the difference in substrate evenness, substrate richness, and substrate diversity between non-rhizospheric and rhizospheric soils of T. officinale and A. australis, but there was no significant (p〉0.05) difference in the Shannon's diversity index between non-rhizospheric and rhizospheric soils of S. perfoliatum. The rhizospheric response of weed species to crude oil residues suggested that S. perfoliatum may be a potential weed species for the effective plant-microorganism bioremediation of contaminated soils by crude oil residues. 展开更多
关键词 ecological effect weed rhizosphere crude oil residue soil microorganism functional diversity
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Influences of Quinclorac on Culturable Microorganisms and Soil Respiration in Flooded Paddy Soil 被引量:5
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作者 ZHEN-MEI LU, HANG MIN , AND YANG-FANG YE Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang, China 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2003年第4期314-322,共9页
Objective To investigate the potential effects of herbicide quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinoline-carboxylic) on the culturable microorganisms in flooded paddy soil. Methods Total soil aerobic bacteria, actinomycetes a... Objective To investigate the potential effects of herbicide quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinoline-carboxylic) on the culturable microorganisms in flooded paddy soil. Methods Total soil aerobic bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi were counted by a 10-fold serial dilution plate technique. Numbers of anaerobic fermentative bacteria (AFB), denitrifying bacteria (DNB) and hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria (HPAB) were numerated by three-tube anaerobic most-probable-number (MPN) methods with anaerobic liquid enrichment media. The number of methanogenic bacteria (MB) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) was determined by the rolling tube method in triplicate. Soil respiration was monitored by a 102G-type gas chromatography with a stainless steel column filled with GDX-104 and a thermal conductivity detector. Results Quinclorac concentration was an important factor affecting the populations of various culturable microorganisms. There were some significant differences in the aerobic heterotrophic bacteria. AFB and DNB between soils were supplemented with quinclorac and non-quinclorac at the early stage of incubation, but none of them was persistent. The number of fungi and DNB was increased in soil samples treated by lower than 1.33μg·g-1 dried soil, while the CFU of fungi and HPAB was inhibited in soil samples treated by higher than 1.33μg·g-1 dried soil. The population of actinomycete declined in negative proportion to the concentrations of quinclorac applied after 4 days. However, application of quinclorac greatly stimulated the growth of AFB and NFB. MB was more sensitive to quinclorac than the others, and the three soil samples with concentrations higher than 1 μg·g-1 dried soil declined significantly to less than 40% of that in the control, but the number of samples with lower concentrations of quinclorac was nearly equal to that in the control at the end of experiments. Conclusion Quinclorac is safe to the soil microorganisms when applied at normal concentrations (0.67μg·g-1). 展开更多
关键词 QUINCLORAC soil culturable microorganisms soil respiration Flooded paddy soil
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