As two of the main challenges for students studying abroad,ethnocentrism and language barrier are the most common issues they will probably encounter.The essay will illustrate these two aspects separately.
When attempting to adapt to unfamiliar learning environments within new cultures,learning sojourners,represented by in-ternational students will face a challenging and dynamic process.Based on the understanding of lit...When attempting to adapt to unfamiliar learning environments within new cultures,learning sojourners,represented by in-ternational students will face a challenging and dynamic process.Based on the understanding of literature and previous research,the essay will concentrate on the most common issue that sojourners probably encounter,i.e.culture shock,which accounts for themost due to its universality.展开更多
In many service delivery systems,the quantity of available resources is often a decisive factor of service quality.Resources can be personnel,offices,devices,supplies,and so on,depending on the nature of the services ...In many service delivery systems,the quantity of available resources is often a decisive factor of service quality.Resources can be personnel,offices,devices,supplies,and so on,depending on the nature of the services a system provides.Although service computing has been an active research topic for decades,general approaches that assess the impact of resource provisioning on service quality matrices in a rigorous way remain to be seen.Petri nets have been a popular formalism for modeling systems exhibiting behaviors of competition and concurrency for almost a half century.Stochastic timed Petri nets(STPN),an extension to regular Petri nets,are a powerful tool for system performance evaluation.However,we did not find any single existing STPN software tool that supports all timed transition firing policies and server types,not to mention resource provisioning and requirement analysis.This paper presents a generic and resource oriented STPN simulation engine that provides all critical features necessary for the analysis of service delivery system quality vs.resource provisioning.The power of the simulation system is illustrated by an application to emergency health care systems.展开更多
This paper deals with network selection problem for users in heterogeneous network environment. The main context is to improve the TOPSIS( Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) network scheme...This paper deals with network selection problem for users in heterogeneous network environment. The main context is to improve the TOPSIS( Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) network scheme by combining the network properties and the users' requirement accurately and decrease ping-pong effect. The method of entropy and FAHP( Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process) are used to calculate weight value and the sojourn time calculation is used to avoid ping-pang effect. The simulation results show that the improved scheme enhances the more accuracy of network selection than the existing methods and reduces the number of ping-pang effect.展开更多
In this paper we devote ourselves to extending Berman’s sojourn time method,which is thoroughly described in[1-3],to investigate the tail asymptotics of the extrema of a Gaussian random field over[0,T]^(d) with T∈(0...In this paper we devote ourselves to extending Berman’s sojourn time method,which is thoroughly described in[1-3],to investigate the tail asymptotics of the extrema of a Gaussian random field over[0,T]^(d) with T∈(0,∞).展开更多
The Distributed Queue Dual Bus(DQDB) Metropolitan Area Network(MAN) is a promising solution for the evolution from current networks to B-ISDN. The performance of the DQDB MAN for Local Area Networks(LANs) interconnect...The Distributed Queue Dual Bus(DQDB) Metropolitan Area Network(MAN) is a promising solution for the evolution from current networks to B-ISDN. The performance of the DQDB MAN for Local Area Networks(LANs) interconnection is analyzed. The effects of message length, traffic load of upstream and downstream nodes and the parameters of bandwidth balancing mechanism and network counters on the sojourn time of message in the buffer are investigated, which present a valuable reference for the implementation of the DQDB MAN.展开更多
The sojourn time of the prioritized OQDB MAN with bursty traffic input is studied in this paper. The expressions for the mean sojourn time of the message with two transmission priority are obtained. The conclusions dr...The sojourn time of the prioritized OQDB MAN with bursty traffic input is studied in this paper. The expressions for the mean sojourn time of the message with two transmission priority are obtained. The conclusions drawn from the paper are that, the mean sojourn time of the message, at either higher or lower priority, is a linear function of the mean message length approximately, and the performance improvement by adopting the higher priority level for the user is remarkable, especially when the lower-priority traffic load from the downstream users is heavy.展开更多
This paper considers a Geo/Geo/1 queueing system with infinite capacity, in which the service rate changes depending on the workload. Initially, when the number of customers in the system is less than a certain thresh...This paper considers a Geo/Geo/1 queueing system with infinite capacity, in which the service rate changes depending on the workload. Initially, when the number of customers in the system is less than a certain threshold L, low service rate is provided for cost saving. On the other hand, the high service rate is activated as soon as L customers accumulate in the system and such service rate is preserved until the system becomes completely empty even if the number of customers falls below L. The steady-state probability distribution and the expected number of customers in the system are derived. Through the first-step argument, a recursive algorithm for computing the first moment of the conditional sojourn time is obtained. Furthermore, employing the results of regeneration cycle analysis, the direct search method is also implemented to determine the optimal value of L for minimizing the long-run average cost rate function.展开更多
English has been widely used for various purposes and the number of students studying abroad has mushroomed in recent years.This article focuses on the preparation an oversea sojourn for Chinese students to practice E...English has been widely used for various purposes and the number of students studying abroad has mushroomed in recent years.This article focuses on the preparation an oversea sojourn for Chinese students to practice English as an international language for intercultural communication.The article also reviews some literature to explain the process of intercultural acculturation and explore how to maximize the culture learning.Finally,the implications suggest that students should prepare for the sojourn in advanced to identify the culture difference,simulation games could also help students to improve their intercultural awareness and facilitate them to be adapted in the new cultural environment.展开更多
The distributions of the sojourn time of a ball and hitting time for a sphere for Brownian motion starting at any point in space, as well as the joint distributions of the maximum excursion before last exit sphere and...The distributions of the sojourn time of a ball and hitting time for a sphere for Brownian motion starting at any point in space, as well as the joint distributions of the maximum excursion before last exit sphere and first instance of attaining such a maximum for Brownian motion starting at the inside of a ball are given.展开更多
In this paper we study a Geo/T-IPH/1 queue model,where T-IPH denotes the discrete time phase type distribution defined on a birth-and-death process with countably many states.The queue model can be described by a quas...In this paper we study a Geo/T-IPH/1 queue model,where T-IPH denotes the discrete time phase type distribution defined on a birth-and-death process with countably many states.The queue model can be described by a quasi-birth-anddeath(QBD)process with countably phases.Using the operator-geometric solution method,we first give the expression of the operator and the joint stationary distribution.Then we obtain the probability generating function(PGF)for stationary queue length distribution and sojourn time distribution,respectively.展开更多
The M/G/1 queueing system with multiclass customer arrivals, fixed feedback, and first come first served policy is considered, where different classes of customers have different arrival rates, service-time distributi...The M/G/1 queueing system with multiclass customer arrivals, fixed feedback, and first come first served policy is considered, where different classes of customers have different arrival rates, service-time distributions, and feedback numbers. The joint probabifity generation function of queue size of each class and the Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the total sojourn time of a customer in each class are presented, which extended the results obtained by Choi B D. The mean queue size of each class and mean total sojourn time of a customer in each class are obtained with this result. The results can be used in computer and communication networks for their performance analysis.展开更多
Mobile users usually access the Internet via a hybrid access network, in which cellular and Wi-Fi networks are available alternatively. In the hybrid access network, a mobile user decides to send or not to send a pack...Mobile users usually access the Internet via a hybrid access network, in which cellular and Wi-Fi networks are available alternatively. In the hybrid access network, a mobile user decides to send or not to send a packet according to the number of packets already in the system and the phase of the server. In order to evaluate the system performance of the hybrid access network, in this paper we first establish a fully observable continuous time Markovian queueing system. Then, we present an exact analysis to investigate the behavior of the mobile users in the network. Through iterations and diagonalization, we obtain the expected sojourn time of a newly arriving packet in a closed form. Moreover, with the monotonicity for the expected sojourn time of a newly arriving packet, we prove the existence of the Nash equilibrium strategy. Finally, we analyze the socially optimal strategy and motivate the mobile users to accept the socially optimal strategy by changing the sojourn cost.展开更多
In this paper, we prove strong approximations for the open queueing network in heavytraffic. Strong approximations are given for the queueing length, the virtual waiting timeand the sojourn time processes, and for the...In this paper, we prove strong approximations for the open queueing network in heavytraffic. Strong approximations are given for the queueing length, the virtual waiting timeand the sojourn time processes, and for the embedded sequences associated with the queueinglength processes.展开更多
In this paper, we obtain the transition probability of jump chain of semi-Markov pro- cess, the distribution of sojourn time and one-dimensional distribution of semi-Markov process. Furthermore, the semi-Markov proces...In this paper, we obtain the transition probability of jump chain of semi-Markov pro- cess, the distribution of sojourn time and one-dimensional distribution of semi-Markov process. Furthermore, the semi-Markov process X（t, ω） is constructed from the semi-Markov matrix and it is proved that two definitions of semi-Markov process are equivalent.展开更多
Let {W(t),t∈R}, {B(t),t∈R+} be two independent Brownian motions on R with W(0) = B(0) = 0. In this paper, we shall consider the exact Hausdorff measures for the image and graph sets of the d-dimensional iterated Bro...Let {W(t),t∈R}, {B(t),t∈R+} be two independent Brownian motions on R with W(0) = B(0) = 0. In this paper, we shall consider the exact Hausdorff measures for the image and graph sets of the d-dimensional iterated Brownian motion X(t), where X(t) = (Xi(t),... ,Xd(t)) and X1(t),... ,Xd(t) are d independent copies of Y(t) = W(B(t)). In particular, for any Borel set Q (?) (0,∞), the exact Hausdorff measures of the image X(Q) = {X(t) : t∈Q} and the graph GrX(Q) = {(t, X(t)) :t∈Q}are established.展开更多
Let Λ = {λ_k} be an infinite increasing sequence of positive integers withλ_k → ∞. Let X = {X(t), t ∈ R^N} be a multi-parameter fractional Brownian motion of index (0 【α 【 1) in R^d . Subject to certain hypot...Let Λ = {λ_k} be an infinite increasing sequence of positive integers withλ_k → ∞. Let X = {X(t), t ∈ R^N} be a multi-parameter fractional Brownian motion of index (0 【α 【 1) in R^d . Subject to certain hypotheses, we prove that if N 【 αd, then there exist positivefinite constants K_1 and K_2 such that, with unit probability, K_1 ≤ φ - p_Λ(X([0,1])~N) ≤ φ -p_Λ(G_rX([0,1])~N)) ≤ K_2 if and only if there exists γ 】 0 such that ∑ from k=1 to ∞ of1/λ_k~γ = ∞, where φ(s) = s^(N/α)(loglog 1/s)^(N/2(α)), φ - p_Λ(E) is the Packing-typemeasure of E,X([0, 1]) N is the image and G_rX([0, 1]~N ) = {(t,X(t)); t ∈ [0,1]~N} is the graph ofX, respectively. We also establish liminf type laws of the iterated logarithm for the sojournmeasure of X.展开更多
文摘As two of the main challenges for students studying abroad,ethnocentrism and language barrier are the most common issues they will probably encounter.The essay will illustrate these two aspects separately.
文摘When attempting to adapt to unfamiliar learning environments within new cultures,learning sojourners,represented by in-ternational students will face a challenging and dynamic process.Based on the understanding of literature and previous research,the essay will concentrate on the most common issue that sojourners probably encounter,i.e.culture shock,which accounts for themost due to its universality.
文摘In many service delivery systems,the quantity of available resources is often a decisive factor of service quality.Resources can be personnel,offices,devices,supplies,and so on,depending on the nature of the services a system provides.Although service computing has been an active research topic for decades,general approaches that assess the impact of resource provisioning on service quality matrices in a rigorous way remain to be seen.Petri nets have been a popular formalism for modeling systems exhibiting behaviors of competition and concurrency for almost a half century.Stochastic timed Petri nets(STPN),an extension to regular Petri nets,are a powerful tool for system performance evaluation.However,we did not find any single existing STPN software tool that supports all timed transition firing policies and server types,not to mention resource provisioning and requirement analysis.This paper presents a generic and resource oriented STPN simulation engine that provides all critical features necessary for the analysis of service delivery system quality vs.resource provisioning.The power of the simulation system is illustrated by an application to emergency health care systems.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young Scholar(Grant No.61302080)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61271182)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(Grant No.2012AA01A508)
文摘This paper deals with network selection problem for users in heterogeneous network environment. The main context is to improve the TOPSIS( Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) network scheme by combining the network properties and the users' requirement accurately and decrease ping-pong effect. The method of entropy and FAHP( Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process) are used to calculate weight value and the sojourn time calculation is used to avoid ping-pang effect. The simulation results show that the improved scheme enhances the more accuracy of network selection than the existing methods and reduces the number of ping-pang effect.
基金partially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11701070,71871046)Ronglian Scholarship Fund.
文摘In this paper we devote ourselves to extending Berman’s sojourn time method,which is thoroughly described in[1-3],to investigate the tail asymptotics of the extrema of a Gaussian random field over[0,T]^(d) with T∈(0,∞).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe Foundation of the Institute of Electronic Science of China
文摘The Distributed Queue Dual Bus(DQDB) Metropolitan Area Network(MAN) is a promising solution for the evolution from current networks to B-ISDN. The performance of the DQDB MAN for Local Area Networks(LANs) interconnection is analyzed. The effects of message length, traffic load of upstream and downstream nodes and the parameters of bandwidth balancing mechanism and network counters on the sojourn time of message in the buffer are investigated, which present a valuable reference for the implementation of the DQDB MAN.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaInstitute of Electronic Science of China
文摘The sojourn time of the prioritized OQDB MAN with bursty traffic input is studied in this paper. The expressions for the mean sojourn time of the message with two transmission priority are obtained. The conclusions drawn from the paper are that, the mean sojourn time of the message, at either higher or lower priority, is a linear function of the mean message length approximately, and the performance improvement by adopting the higher priority level for the user is remarkable, especially when the lower-priority traffic load from the downstream users is heavy.
文摘This paper considers a Geo/Geo/1 queueing system with infinite capacity, in which the service rate changes depending on the workload. Initially, when the number of customers in the system is less than a certain threshold L, low service rate is provided for cost saving. On the other hand, the high service rate is activated as soon as L customers accumulate in the system and such service rate is preserved until the system becomes completely empty even if the number of customers falls below L. The steady-state probability distribution and the expected number of customers in the system are derived. Through the first-step argument, a recursive algorithm for computing the first moment of the conditional sojourn time is obtained. Furthermore, employing the results of regeneration cycle analysis, the direct search method is also implemented to determine the optimal value of L for minimizing the long-run average cost rate function.
文摘English has been widely used for various purposes and the number of students studying abroad has mushroomed in recent years.This article focuses on the preparation an oversea sojourn for Chinese students to practice English as an international language for intercultural communication.The article also reviews some literature to explain the process of intercultural acculturation and explore how to maximize the culture learning.Finally,the implications suggest that students should prepare for the sojourn in advanced to identify the culture difference,simulation games could also help students to improve their intercultural awareness and facilitate them to be adapted in the new cultural environment.
基金supported by the Chinese Tian Yuan Mathematical Foundation the Doctoral Discipline Foundation of State Education Commission of China.
文摘The distributions of the sojourn time of a ball and hitting time for a sphere for Brownian motion starting at any point in space, as well as the joint distributions of the maximum excursion before last exit sphere and first instance of attaining such a maximum for Brownian motion starting at the inside of a ball are given.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61174160)Post-Doctoral Science Foundation of Central South University(No.125011)The authors are grateful to the three anonymous referees and the editor for their careful reading and invaluable comments and suggestions,which are helpful to improve the paper.This research completed when the first author was a post-doctoral fellow in School of Mathematics,Central South University。
文摘In this paper we study a Geo/T-IPH/1 queue model,where T-IPH denotes the discrete time phase type distribution defined on a birth-and-death process with countably many states.The queue model can be described by a quasi-birth-anddeath(QBD)process with countably phases.Using the operator-geometric solution method,we first give the expression of the operator and the joint stationary distribution.Then we obtain the probability generating function(PGF)for stationary queue length distribution and sojourn time distribution,respectively.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60703094)Mathematical Tianyuan Foundation of China (10626021)
文摘The M/G/1 queueing system with multiclass customer arrivals, fixed feedback, and first come first served policy is considered, where different classes of customers have different arrival rates, service-time distributions, and feedback numbers. The joint probabifity generation function of queue size of each class and the Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the total sojourn time of a customer in each class are presented, which extended the results obtained by Choi B D. The mean queue size of each class and mean total sojourn time of a customer in each class are obtained with this result. The results can be used in computer and communication networks for their performance analysis.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61872311,61472342), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China (F2017203141), and was supported in part by MEXX Japan.
文摘Mobile users usually access the Internet via a hybrid access network, in which cellular and Wi-Fi networks are available alternatively. In the hybrid access network, a mobile user decides to send or not to send a packet according to the number of packets already in the system and the phase of the server. In order to evaluate the system performance of the hybrid access network, in this paper we first establish a fully observable continuous time Markovian queueing system. Then, we present an exact analysis to investigate the behavior of the mobile users in the network. Through iterations and diagonalization, we obtain the expected sojourn time of a newly arriving packet in a closed form. Moreover, with the monotonicity for the expected sojourn time of a newly arriving packet, we prove the existence of the Nash equilibrium strategy. Finally, we analyze the socially optimal strategy and motivate the mobile users to accept the socially optimal strategy by changing the sojourn cost.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘In this paper, we prove strong approximations for the open queueing network in heavytraffic. Strong approximations are given for the queueing length, the virtual waiting timeand the sojourn time processes, and for the embedded sequences associated with the queueinglength processes.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 60574002）.
文摘In this paper, we obtain the transition probability of jump chain of semi-Markov pro- cess, the distribution of sojourn time and one-dimensional distribution of semi-Markov process. Furthermore, the semi-Markov process X（t, ω） is constructed from the semi-Markov matrix and it is proved that two definitions of semi-Markov process are equivalent.
基金This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10131040)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation.
文摘Let {W(t),t∈R}, {B(t),t∈R+} be two independent Brownian motions on R with W(0) = B(0) = 0. In this paper, we shall consider the exact Hausdorff measures for the image and graph sets of the d-dimensional iterated Brownian motion X(t), where X(t) = (Xi(t),... ,Xd(t)) and X1(t),... ,Xd(t) are d independent copies of Y(t) = W(B(t)). In particular, for any Borel set Q (?) (0,∞), the exact Hausdorff measures of the image X(Q) = {X(t) : t∈Q} and the graph GrX(Q) = {(t, X(t)) :t∈Q}are established.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10471148)Sci-tech Innovation Item for Excellent Young and Middle-Aged University Teachers and Major Item of Educational Department of Hubei(No.2003A005)
文摘Let Λ = {λ_k} be an infinite increasing sequence of positive integers withλ_k → ∞. Let X = {X(t), t ∈ R^N} be a multi-parameter fractional Brownian motion of index (0 【α 【 1) in R^d . Subject to certain hypotheses, we prove that if N 【 αd, then there exist positivefinite constants K_1 and K_2 such that, with unit probability, K_1 ≤ φ - p_Λ(X([0,1])~N) ≤ φ -p_Λ(G_rX([0,1])~N)) ≤ K_2 if and only if there exists γ 】 0 such that ∑ from k=1 to ∞ of1/λ_k~γ = ∞, where φ(s) = s^(N/α)(loglog 1/s)^(N/2(α)), φ - p_Λ(E) is the Packing-typemeasure of E,X([0, 1]) N is the image and G_rX([0, 1]~N ) = {(t,X(t)); t ∈ [0,1]~N} is the graph ofX, respectively. We also establish liminf type laws of the iterated logarithm for the sojournmeasure of X.
