Accurate basic data are necessary to support performance-based design for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutral targets in the building sector.Meteorological parameters are the prerequisites of building thermal eng...Accurate basic data are necessary to support performance-based design for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutral targets in the building sector.Meteorological parameters are the prerequisites of building thermal engineering design,heating ventilation and air conditioning design,and energy consumption simulations.Focusing on the key issues such as low spatial coverage and the lack of daily or higher time resolution data,daily and hourly models of the surface meteorological data and solar radiation were established and evaluated.Surface meteorological data and solar radiation data were generated for 1019 cities and towns in China from 1988 to 2017.The data were carefully compared,and the accuracy was proved to be high.All the meteorological parameters can be assessed in the building sector via a sharing platform.Then,country-level meteorological parameters were developed for energy-efficient building assessment in China,based on actual meteorological data in the present study.This set of meteorological parameters may facilitate engineering applications as well as allowing the updating and expansion of relevant building energy efficiency standards.The study was supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period,named Fundamental parameters on building energy efficiency in China,comprising of 15 top-ranking universities and institutions in China.展开更多
The present study evaluates ground-based downward surface shortwave radiation (Rs) over the coastal region of Alicante (Southeastern Spain).Hourly measurements collected over the eleven-year period 2010-2020 are used....The present study evaluates ground-based downward surface shortwave radiation (Rs) over the coastal region of Alicante (Southeastern Spain).Hourly measurements collected over the eleven-year period 2010-2020 are used.Two weather stations located over the region capital,Alicante,have been selected as representative of urban and suburban typologies.Two additional weather stations far from the city have been selected representing rural typologies.Rs is significantly reduced over the urban station during the morning hours within the winter season compared to the observations recorded over the suburban and rural stations,with a global mean difference of-81 and-120 W/m^(2)at 10 LT,respectively.However,no significant differences are obtained during the midday sun,with a global mean difference of-20 W/m^(2)between the urban and rural stations.With the aim of explaining these differences,the current paper investigates the relationship between Rsand different air pollutants:NOx,SO_(2),and fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)) as well as the wind field measured at the urban and suburban stations.The results found in this work point towards a close relationship between Rsand NOxconcentrations annual cycles,which are also influenced by the prevailing wind circulations observed over the study area.A global mean NOxconcentration of 107μg/m^(3)is observed over the urban station at 10 LT during the winter season.In contrast,these high concentrations are significantly reduced over the suburban station,with global mean value of 40μg/m^(3)at 10 LT,for this period of the year.展开更多
高效的输配系统是高效空调制冷机房的重要组成部分,空调制冷机房的水力优化对于降低水泵输送能耗的意义重大.本文针对某空调制冷机房原设计方案管路局部阻力偏大的问题提出水力优化方案,基于建筑信息模型(building information model,B...高效的输配系统是高效空调制冷机房的重要组成部分,空调制冷机房的水力优化对于降低水泵输送能耗的意义重大.本文针对某空调制冷机房原设计方案管路局部阻力偏大的问题提出水力优化方案,基于建筑信息模型(building information model,BIM)技术对原设计方案与优化方案进行对比分析.通过计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)模拟对优化方案中并联斜三通内部流动进行分析,得到其实际的流动阻力.优化后的机房在设计工况下的冷冻水系统阻力比原方案减少39.64%,冷却水系统阻力比原方案减少29%.该方案可为类似的工程设计提供参考依据.展开更多
A study of the fluid and temperature fields inside the air conditioned automobile chamber is carried out with numerical calculation. Combined with buoyancy, a k ε model is adopted to solve the turbulent flow in...A study of the fluid and temperature fields inside the air conditioned automobile chamber is carried out with numerical calculation. Combined with buoyancy, a k ε model is adopted to solve the turbulent flow in a typical air conditioned automobile chamber. During the calculation, the solar radiation energy is also considered by means of the Monte Carlo method. Human body is regarded as an important component during the calculation. To verify the numerical calculation, experiments have been carried out under a series of working conditions and the results are acceptable. In order to meet the demand of industrial engineering, software CAAC was provided with a convenient interface. Finally, most of the factors were analyzed to evaluate their importance.展开更多
基金Project(2018YFC0704500)supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period。
文摘Accurate basic data are necessary to support performance-based design for achieving carbon peak and carbon neutral targets in the building sector.Meteorological parameters are the prerequisites of building thermal engineering design,heating ventilation and air conditioning design,and energy consumption simulations.Focusing on the key issues such as low spatial coverage and the lack of daily or higher time resolution data,daily and hourly models of the surface meteorological data and solar radiation were established and evaluated.Surface meteorological data and solar radiation data were generated for 1019 cities and towns in China from 1988 to 2017.The data were carefully compared,and the accuracy was proved to be high.All the meteorological parameters can be assessed in the building sector via a sharing platform.Then,country-level meteorological parameters were developed for energy-efficient building assessment in China,based on actual meteorological data in the present study.This set of meteorological parameters may facilitate engineering applications as well as allowing the updating and expansion of relevant building energy efficiency standards.The study was supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period,named Fundamental parameters on building energy efficiency in China,comprising of 15 top-ranking universities and institutions in China.
基金supported by the Assistance Programmes of the University of Alicante “Programa de Redes-I3CE de calidad,innovación e investigación en docencia universitaria.Convocatoria 2018-19.Alicante:Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación(ICE) de la Universidad de Alicante.”“Programa de Redes-I3CE de calidad,innovación e investigación en docencia universitaria.Convocatoria 2020-21.Alicante:Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación (ICE) de la Universidad de Alicante.”Research Group VIGROB-116 (University of Alicante)。
文摘The present study evaluates ground-based downward surface shortwave radiation (Rs) over the coastal region of Alicante (Southeastern Spain).Hourly measurements collected over the eleven-year period 2010-2020 are used.Two weather stations located over the region capital,Alicante,have been selected as representative of urban and suburban typologies.Two additional weather stations far from the city have been selected representing rural typologies.Rs is significantly reduced over the urban station during the morning hours within the winter season compared to the observations recorded over the suburban and rural stations,with a global mean difference of-81 and-120 W/m^(2)at 10 LT,respectively.However,no significant differences are obtained during the midday sun,with a global mean difference of-20 W/m^(2)between the urban and rural stations.With the aim of explaining these differences,the current paper investigates the relationship between Rsand different air pollutants:NOx,SO_(2),and fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)) as well as the wind field measured at the urban and suburban stations.The results found in this work point towards a close relationship between Rsand NOxconcentrations annual cycles,which are also influenced by the prevailing wind circulations observed over the study area.A global mean NOxconcentration of 107μg/m^(3)is observed over the urban station at 10 LT during the winter season.In contrast,these high concentrations are significantly reduced over the suburban station,with global mean value of 40μg/m^(3)at 10 LT,for this period of the year.
文摘高效的输配系统是高效空调制冷机房的重要组成部分,空调制冷机房的水力优化对于降低水泵输送能耗的意义重大.本文针对某空调制冷机房原设计方案管路局部阻力偏大的问题提出水力优化方案,基于建筑信息模型(building information model,BIM)技术对原设计方案与优化方案进行对比分析.通过计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)模拟对优化方案中并联斜三通内部流动进行分析,得到其实际的流动阻力.优化后的机房在设计工况下的冷冻水系统阻力比原方案减少39.64%,冷却水系统阻力比原方案减少29%.该方案可为类似的工程设计提供参考依据.
文摘A study of the fluid and temperature fields inside the air conditioned automobile chamber is carried out with numerical calculation. Combined with buoyancy, a k ε model is adopted to solve the turbulent flow in a typical air conditioned automobile chamber. During the calculation, the solar radiation energy is also considered by means of the Monte Carlo method. Human body is regarded as an important component during the calculation. To verify the numerical calculation, experiments have been carried out under a series of working conditions and the results are acceptable. In order to meet the demand of industrial engineering, software CAAC was provided with a convenient interface. Finally, most of the factors were analyzed to evaluate their importance.
