Solar irrigation pumps are considered as an alternative to the use of diesel and electric pumps due to the high cost of energy. These pumps are now increasingly used in the Niayes area. Thus, a more in-depth knowledge...Solar irrigation pumps are considered as an alternative to the use of diesel and electric pumps due to the high cost of energy. These pumps are now increasingly used in the Niayes area. Thus, a more in-depth knowledge about the components of a solar pumping system and their characteristics available on the market as well as prices can be beneficial. This study was conducted to have an idea on the baseline of the use of solar irrigation pumps in this area. To perform this study, surveys were conducted among 12 suppliers and 10 service providers located in Dakar, Thies, Louga and Saint-Louis region and among 53 users located in Potou area which is in Louga region. Results show a wide range of pump brands and characteristics. Brands found were Lorentz, LIKOU, SHIMGE, Grundfos, Solar pump, Feili, Difful, JUQIANG, Solar tech, and Asaman. The pumps’ flow rate varies between 2.5 m<sup>3</sup>/h and 45 m<sup>3</sup>/h, the pressure ranges from 15 m to 160 m and the power is between 0.072 kW and 10 kW. The price of these pumps varies depending on the brand used and their characteristics. In addition, other materials are available, such as panels with power ranging from 80 W to 330 W and electric cables. The price of these components varies according on the type used. Thus, the investment cost for implementation varies between 640 euros (420,000 CFA) and 25,087 euros (16,455,919 CFA). The cost of installation varies between 76.3 euros (50,000 CFA) and 1219.6 euros (800,000 CFA). Concerning maintenance, it is generally free during the warranty period when the equipment is supplied and installed by the same company. However, the cost of maintenance varies between 152.5 euros and 457.4 euros/year or is estimated at 45.7 euro/maintenance after the warranty years. Investigations conducted among users show that farmers in general do not perform pump maintenance due to a lack of knowledge and financial means. Thus, according to farmers, factors that impact pumps operation are the low sunshine that occurs between December and January and the iron in the water and low well discharge.展开更多
完成高比转速多工况自吸喷灌机组的水力设计,通过预测泵内部流场,水力性能已达到要求,采用空气压缩原理设计新型自吸装置。采用间断式旋转碎水装置改善低压下喷头喷洒均匀性,研究其工作原理,完成了新型低压均匀喷洒喷头的设计和试制。...完成高比转速多工况自吸喷灌机组的水力设计,通过预测泵内部流场,水力性能已达到要求,采用空气压缩原理设计新型自吸装置。采用间断式旋转碎水装置改善低压下喷头喷洒均匀性,研究其工作原理,完成了新型低压均匀喷洒喷头的设计和试制。采用异型喷嘴技术改进现有摇臂式喷头低压喷洒时的水力性能。完成高均匀性园林升降式射线喷头结构设计。基本建立低压阻尼喷头关键部件的设计理论,提出一种新的阻尼装置设计方案,初步完成数值模拟、样机制作及性能测试。一种流量可调式喷头产品成型。提出文丘里施肥器结构优化方法,开发出一种柱塞式注肥泵。开发快速连接管件,构建出1种固定移动两用软管喷灌系统。研制出喷滴灌两用自吸泵,开发出喷滴灌两用灌溉机组。研制出草坪喷头起落点精确定位装置,开发出基于开环控制策略的变域喷灌系统控制器。一种多功能轻小型灌溉机组成型。搭建太阳能水泵系统试验台,建立光伏水泵系统出水量预测模型,提出太阳能离心泵的水力优化方法并编写优化算法,研制出1 k W可移动式太阳能智能灌溉系统。初步明确了大型喷灌机喷灌水肥运移特征、产量空间变异与土壤特性之间的关系,初步确定了适用于集约化农田的低能耗精确喷灌水肥管理模式,完成了大型喷灌机变量灌溉设施建设。展开更多
通过课题4年的实施,完成高比转速多工况自吸喷灌机组开发,设计新型射流自吸结构,采用最新的多工况水力设计方法,突破了高比转速泵较难实现自吸功能的难题。采用喷头内部流道CFD数值模拟与外流场水滴运动力学计算的新方法,创新设计了特...通过课题4年的实施,完成高比转速多工况自吸喷灌机组开发,设计新型射流自吸结构,采用最新的多工况水力设计方法,突破了高比转速泵较难实现自吸功能的难题。采用喷头内部流道CFD数值模拟与外流场水滴运动力学计算的新方法,创新设计了特殊流道、异型喷嘴、散水齿等关键结构,首次研发成功新型低压均匀喷洒喷头,突破了现有喷头低压喷洒均匀性较差的行业难题,降低了喷灌系统能耗,进行了小批量生产和示范。开发出高均匀性射线喷头,发明了旋转射线喷头的角度调节装置,并开展了再生水灌溉性能考核,初步制定了再生水喷灌运行管理规程。成功研制出低压阻尼喷头,建立了关键部件的设计理论,继续扩大示范推广应用面积。研制出一种多功能轻小型灌溉机组和流量可调式喷头,并对产品进行了室内和大田试验。开发出文丘里施肥器、柱塞式注肥泵、注射喷嘴和精准施肥控制系统,完成了样机的加工和小批量生产,进行了性能考核试验和田间测试试验,并进行了水肥一体化示范应用。开发快速连接管件,构建出一种固定移动两用软管喷灌系统。针对现有泵不能满足喷滴灌两用机组各种组合模式的运行工况要求,成功研制出喷滴灌两用自吸泵,实现了喷灌、滴灌两种工况的系统需求。首次开发出喷滴灌两用灌溉机组,解决了作物轮作、间作所需的喷滴灌要求,满足了不同经济条件与灌溉条件地区的选择。一种多功能轻小型灌溉机组成型。首次建立了太阳能离心泵关死点功率预测技术,解决了太阳能离心泵关死点功率的控制问题,发明了离心泵多工况水力优化与设计技术以及匹配性更好地控制器算法,解决了太阳能灌溉系统在没有蓄电池的条件下高效运行的问题,成功开发出1 k W可移动式太阳能智能灌溉系统。开展了两年的大型喷灌机水肥运移特征与夏玉米水肥高效利用模式试验,并通过与作物模型的联合应用,明确了大型喷灌机喷灌水肥运移特征,确定了适用于集约化农田的低能耗精确喷灌水肥管理模式;完成了圆形喷灌机变量精准灌溉系统建设和变量施肥装置测试平台搭建,基于土壤可利用水量分布图进行了管理分区变量灌溉田间试验,明确了分区变量灌溉管理对作物生长、产量、深层渗漏量和作物耗水量的影响规律,提出了基于土壤可利用水量的分区变量灌溉水分管理模式。展开更多
文摘Solar irrigation pumps are considered as an alternative to the use of diesel and electric pumps due to the high cost of energy. These pumps are now increasingly used in the Niayes area. Thus, a more in-depth knowledge about the components of a solar pumping system and their characteristics available on the market as well as prices can be beneficial. This study was conducted to have an idea on the baseline of the use of solar irrigation pumps in this area. To perform this study, surveys were conducted among 12 suppliers and 10 service providers located in Dakar, Thies, Louga and Saint-Louis region and among 53 users located in Potou area which is in Louga region. Results show a wide range of pump brands and characteristics. Brands found were Lorentz, LIKOU, SHIMGE, Grundfos, Solar pump, Feili, Difful, JUQIANG, Solar tech, and Asaman. The pumps’ flow rate varies between 2.5 m<sup>3</sup>/h and 45 m<sup>3</sup>/h, the pressure ranges from 15 m to 160 m and the power is between 0.072 kW and 10 kW. The price of these pumps varies depending on the brand used and their characteristics. In addition, other materials are available, such as panels with power ranging from 80 W to 330 W and electric cables. The price of these components varies according on the type used. Thus, the investment cost for implementation varies between 640 euros (420,000 CFA) and 25,087 euros (16,455,919 CFA). The cost of installation varies between 76.3 euros (50,000 CFA) and 1219.6 euros (800,000 CFA). Concerning maintenance, it is generally free during the warranty period when the equipment is supplied and installed by the same company. However, the cost of maintenance varies between 152.5 euros and 457.4 euros/year or is estimated at 45.7 euro/maintenance after the warranty years. Investigations conducted among users show that farmers in general do not perform pump maintenance due to a lack of knowledge and financial means. Thus, according to farmers, factors that impact pumps operation are the low sunshine that occurs between December and January and the iron in the water and low well discharge.
文摘完成高比转速多工况自吸喷灌机组的水力设计,通过预测泵内部流场,水力性能已达到要求,采用空气压缩原理设计新型自吸装置。采用间断式旋转碎水装置改善低压下喷头喷洒均匀性,研究其工作原理,完成了新型低压均匀喷洒喷头的设计和试制。采用异型喷嘴技术改进现有摇臂式喷头低压喷洒时的水力性能。完成高均匀性园林升降式射线喷头结构设计。基本建立低压阻尼喷头关键部件的设计理论,提出一种新的阻尼装置设计方案,初步完成数值模拟、样机制作及性能测试。一种流量可调式喷头产品成型。提出文丘里施肥器结构优化方法,开发出一种柱塞式注肥泵。开发快速连接管件,构建出1种固定移动两用软管喷灌系统。研制出喷滴灌两用自吸泵,开发出喷滴灌两用灌溉机组。研制出草坪喷头起落点精确定位装置,开发出基于开环控制策略的变域喷灌系统控制器。一种多功能轻小型灌溉机组成型。搭建太阳能水泵系统试验台,建立光伏水泵系统出水量预测模型,提出太阳能离心泵的水力优化方法并编写优化算法,研制出1 k W可移动式太阳能智能灌溉系统。初步明确了大型喷灌机喷灌水肥运移特征、产量空间变异与土壤特性之间的关系,初步确定了适用于集约化农田的低能耗精确喷灌水肥管理模式,完成了大型喷灌机变量灌溉设施建设。
文摘通过课题4年的实施,完成高比转速多工况自吸喷灌机组开发,设计新型射流自吸结构,采用最新的多工况水力设计方法,突破了高比转速泵较难实现自吸功能的难题。采用喷头内部流道CFD数值模拟与外流场水滴运动力学计算的新方法,创新设计了特殊流道、异型喷嘴、散水齿等关键结构,首次研发成功新型低压均匀喷洒喷头,突破了现有喷头低压喷洒均匀性较差的行业难题,降低了喷灌系统能耗,进行了小批量生产和示范。开发出高均匀性射线喷头,发明了旋转射线喷头的角度调节装置,并开展了再生水灌溉性能考核,初步制定了再生水喷灌运行管理规程。成功研制出低压阻尼喷头,建立了关键部件的设计理论,继续扩大示范推广应用面积。研制出一种多功能轻小型灌溉机组和流量可调式喷头,并对产品进行了室内和大田试验。开发出文丘里施肥器、柱塞式注肥泵、注射喷嘴和精准施肥控制系统,完成了样机的加工和小批量生产,进行了性能考核试验和田间测试试验,并进行了水肥一体化示范应用。开发快速连接管件,构建出一种固定移动两用软管喷灌系统。针对现有泵不能满足喷滴灌两用机组各种组合模式的运行工况要求,成功研制出喷滴灌两用自吸泵,实现了喷灌、滴灌两种工况的系统需求。首次开发出喷滴灌两用灌溉机组,解决了作物轮作、间作所需的喷滴灌要求,满足了不同经济条件与灌溉条件地区的选择。一种多功能轻小型灌溉机组成型。首次建立了太阳能离心泵关死点功率预测技术,解决了太阳能离心泵关死点功率的控制问题,发明了离心泵多工况水力优化与设计技术以及匹配性更好地控制器算法,解决了太阳能灌溉系统在没有蓄电池的条件下高效运行的问题,成功开发出1 k W可移动式太阳能智能灌溉系统。开展了两年的大型喷灌机水肥运移特征与夏玉米水肥高效利用模式试验,并通过与作物模型的联合应用,明确了大型喷灌机喷灌水肥运移特征,确定了适用于集约化农田的低能耗精确喷灌水肥管理模式;完成了圆形喷灌机变量精准灌溉系统建设和变量施肥装置测试平台搭建,基于土壤可利用水量分布图进行了管理分区变量灌溉田间试验,明确了分区变量灌溉管理对作物生长、产量、深层渗漏量和作物耗水量的影响规律,提出了基于土壤可利用水量的分区变量灌溉水分管理模式。
