Ni doped La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)FeO_(3-δ) symmetrical electrode for solid oxide fuel cells

The conventional Ni cermet anode suffers from severe carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning when fossil fuels are used. Alternative anode materials are desired for high performance hydrocarbon fuel solid oxide fuel cells （SOFCs）. We report the rational design of a very active Ni doped La0.6Sr0.4FeO3‐δ（LSFN） electrode for hydrocarbon fuel SOFCs. Homogeneously dispersed Ni‐Fe alloy nanoparticles were in situ extruded onto the surface of the LSFN particles during the operation of the cell. Sym‐metric SOFC single cells were prepared by impregnating a LSFN precursor solution onto a YSZ （yt‐tria stabilized zirconia） monolithic cell with a subsequent heat treatment. The open circuit voltage of the LSFN symmetric cell reached 1.18 and 1.0 V in humidified C3H8 and CH4 at 750？？, respective‐ly. The peak power densities of the cells were 400 and 230 mW/cm2 in humidified C3H8 and CH4, respectively. The electrode showed good stability in long term testing, which revealed LSFN has good catalytic activity for hydrocarbon fuel oxidation.

Cr-poisoning under open-circuit condition in LaNi_(0.6)Fe_(0.4)O_(3-δ)-based nano composite cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells prepared by infiltration process

LaNi（0.6）Fe（0.4）O（3-δ） （LNF） powders were synthesized by the glycine-nitrate process and LNF-gadolinium-doped ceria （GDC） nanocomposite cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells （SOFCs） were fabricated by infiltration from LNF porous backbones. Electrochemical properties and Cr-poisoning behavior of LNF-GDC cathodes were studied. Single phase perovskite LNF could be obtained at the glycine to nitrate molar ratio of 1：1. The polarization resistance of the LNF-GDC nanocomposite cathode was significantly decreased in comparison with the LNF. This phenomenon was associated with enhanced catalytic activity and enlarged triple-phase boundary （TPB） length by GDC nano particles. In addition, the nanocomposite cathode showed good Cr tolerance under open circuit condition. The LNF-GDC nanocomposite cathodes were expected for use as a potential cathode in intermediate- temperature solid oxide fuel cells （IT-SOFC）.

Synthesis of La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)Ga_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)O_(3-δ) Powder for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell by a Nitrate-Citrate Combustion Route

A nitrate-citrate combustion route to synthesize La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-σ powder for solid oxide fuel cell application was presented. This route is based on the gelling of nitrate solutions by the addition of citric acid and ammonium hydroxide, followed by an intense combustion process due to an exothermic redox reaction between nitrate and citrate ions. The optimum technical parameters are that the pH value is 5, and the molar ratio of citric acid to the total metallic ion is 1.5:1. X-ray diffraction characterization of calcined gel shows that pure phase was synthesized after calcination at 1400℃for 10 h, and the TEM result shovvs the calcined powder with average particle size is about 150 nm. The grain resistance contributes to the total resistance of sintered peliet below 500℃. The conductivity of the sintered peliet at 800℃ was 0.07 S-1·cm-1 higher than the conductivity of YSZ (0.05 S-1·cm-1 at 800℃)

LSM-infiltrated LSCF cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells

Mixed ionic-electronic conductors in the family of LaxSr1-xCoyFe1-y O3-δ have been widely studied as cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells （SOFCs）. However, the long-term stability was a concern. Here we report our findings on the effect of a thin film coating of La0.85Sr0.15MnO3-δ （LSM） on the performance of a porous La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Feo.8O3-δ（LSCF） cathode. When the thicknesses of the LSM coatings are appropriate, an LSM-coated LSCF electrode showed better stability and lower polarization （or higher activity） than the blank LSCF cathode without LSM infiltration. An anode-supported cell with an LSM-infiltrated LSCF cathode demonstrated at 825 ℃ a peak power density of -1.07 W/cm2, about 24% higher than that of the same cell without LSM infiltration （-0.86 W/cm2）. Further, the LSM coating enhanced the stability of the electrode; there was little degradation in performance for the cell with an LSM-infiltrated LSCF cathode during 100 h operation.

La_(0.75)Sr_(0.25)Cr_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_(3)-δ−Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O_(1.9) composite electrodes as anodes in LaGaO_(3)-based direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells

Direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells(DC-SOFCs)are promising,green,and efficient power-generating devices that are fueled by solid carbons and comprise all-solid-state structures.Developing suitable anode materials for DC-SOFCs is a substantial scientific challenge.Herein we investigated the use of La_(0.75)Sr_(0.25)Cr_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_(3)-δ−Ce_(0.8)Gd_(0.2)O_(1.9)(LSCM−GDC)composite electrodes as anodes for La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)Ga_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)O_(3)-δelectrolyte-based DC-SOFCs,with Camellia oleifera shell char as the carbon fuel.The LSCM−GDC-anode DC-SOFC delivered a maximum power density of 221 mW/cm^(2) at 800℃ and it significantly improved to 425 mW/cm^(2) after Ni nanoparticles were introduced into the LSCM−GDC anode through wet impregnation.The microstructures of the prepared anodes were characterized,and the stability of the anode in a DC-SOFC and the influence of catalytic activity on open circuit voltage were studied.The above results indicate that LSCM–GDC anode is promising to be applied in DC-SOFCs.

Study on Preparation and Electrical Properties of Ba_(1.03)Ce_(0.8)Eu_(0.2)O_(3-α) Solid Electrolyte

Ba_(1.03)Ce_(0.8)Eu_(0.2)O_(3-α) solid electrolyte with nonstoichiometric composition was prepared by high temperature solid-state reaction. Phase composition, surface and fracture morphologies of the specimen were characterized by using XRD and SEM, respectively. Ionic conduction was researched by gas concentration cell, the performance of hydrogen-air fuel cell was measured in the temperature range of 600～1000 ℃, and compared them with those of BaCe_(0.8)Eu_(0.2)O_(3-α) and Ba_(0.98)Ce_(0.8)Eu_(0.2)O_(3-α). The results indicate that Ba_(1.03)Ce_(0.8)Eu_(0.2)O_(3-α) is a single-phase perovskite-type orthorhombic system. It is a pure proton conductor in the temperature range of 600～1000 ℃ in hydrogen atmosphere, and its proton conduction is superior to that of BaCe_(0.8)Eu_(0.2)O_(3-α) and Ba_(0.98)Ce_(0.8)Eu_(0.2)O_(3-α). It is a mixed conductor of oxide ion and electron hole in oxygen atmosphere. At 1000 ℃, the performance of the fuel cell in which Ba_(1.03)Ce_(0.8)Eu_(0.2)O_(3-α) as electrolyte is higher than that of BaCe_(0.8)Eu_(0.2)O_(3-α) or Ba_(0.98)Ce_(0.8)Eu_(0.2)O_(3-α).

Manipulating Nb-doped SrFeO_(3−δ)with excellent performance for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells

Nb-doped SrFeO_(3−δ)(SFO)is used as a cathode in proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells(H-SOFCs).First-principles calculations show that the SrFe0.9Nb0.1O_(3−δ)(SFNO)cathode has a lower energy barrier in the cathode reaction for H-SOFCs than the Nb-free SrFeO_(3−δ)cathode.Subsequent experimental studies show that Nb doping substantially enhances the performance of the SrFeO_(3−δ)cathode.Then,oxygen vacancies(VO)were introduced into SFNO using the microwave sintering method,further improving the performance of the SFNO cathode.The mechanism behind the performance improvement owing to VO was revealed using first-principles calculations,with further optimization of the SFNO cathode achieved by developing a suitable wet chemical synthesis route to prepare nanosized SFNO materials.This method significantly reduces the grain size of SFNO compared with the conventional solid-state reaction method,although the solid-state reaction method is generally used for preparing Nb-containing oxides.As a result of defect engineering and synthesis approaches,the SFNO cathode achieved an attractive fuel cell performance,attaining an output of 1764 mW·cm−2 at 700℃ and operating for more than 200 h.The manipulation of Nb-doped SrFeO_(3−δ)can be seen as a“one stone,two birds”strategy,enhancing cathode performance while retaining good stability,thus providing an interesting approach for constructing high-performance cathodes for H-SOFCs.

In^(3+)-doped Sr_(2)Fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5)O_(6−δ)cathode with improved performance for an intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell

Promoting the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is critical for commercialization of intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells(IT-SOFCs),where Sr_(2)Fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5)O_(6)−δ(SFM)is a promising cathode by working as a mixed ionic and electronic conductor.In this work,doping of In^(3+)greatly increases the oxygen vacancy concentration and the content of adsorbed oxygen species in Sr_(2)Fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5−x)InxO_(6−δ)(SFMInx),and thus effectively promotes the ORR performance.As a typical example,SFMIn_(0.1)reduces the polarization resistance(R_(p))from 0.089 to 0.046Ω∙cm^(2)at 800°C,which is superior to those doped with other metal elements.In addition,SFMIn0.1 increases the peak power density from 0.92 to 1.47 W∙cm^(−2)at 800°C with humidified H_(2)as the fuel,indicating that In3+doping at the Mo site can effectively improve the performance of SOFC cathode material.

Preparation and Characterization of Cathode Materials La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3-x)Ca_xCo_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(3-δ) by Reverse Titration Co-Precipitation Method for ITSOFC

The precursors of La0.7Sr0.3-xCaxCo0.9Fe0.1O3-δ(LSCCF, x=0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) as the cathode materials for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (ITSOFC) were prepared by reverse titration co-precipitation method with metal-nitrates as starting materials and mixed alkali (NaOH and Na2CO3) as a precipitating agent. The formation process of LSCCF from the precursors was monitored by TG-DSC, and the crystal structure and particles morphology of the precursors which were calcined at 600, 800, 1000 ℃ for 3 h were characterized using XRD, SEM technologies. Compared with the solid state reaction of constituent oxides, when the pH value of the precipitating solution was in the range of 9.1～9.5, the LSCCF powders from the precursors caclined at 800 ℃ for 3 h had high purity, homogeneous and single perovskite phase. The electrical conductivity of the LSCCF samples sintered at 1200 ℃ for 3 h, which was measured as a function of temperatures from 100 to 800 ℃ by DC four-probe method in air, decreased with x from 0.05 to 0.20. The value of electrical conductivity was almost equal because of Ca2+, Sr2+ co-dopant resulting in the 'mix effect' while x=0.10 or 0.15. The electrical conductivity of all doped samples was higher than 100 S·cm-1 at intermediate temperatures from 500 to 800 ℃, and there was good compatibility between the LSCCF cathode and Ce0.8Sm0.2O2 electrolyte.

Electrochemical properties of La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)FeO_(3-δ) based composite cathode for intermediate temperature SOFC

La0.8Sr0.2FeO3-δ is a new kind of cathode material for intermediate SOFC, but its electrochemical activity is relative poor for the lanthanum gallate based solid oxide fuel cell. In this paper, a novel composite cathode of La0.8Sr0.2FeO3-δ/La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ was prepared on the LSGM electrolyte substrate by screen-printing method. The results of cathodic polarization measurements show that the overpotential decreases significantly when the composite cathode is used instead of the La0.8Sr0.2FeO3-δ single layer cathode. The cathodic overpotential of the composite La0.8Sr0.2FeO3-δ/La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ cathode is 150 mV at the current density of 0.2 A·cm-2 at 800 ℃, while the cathodic overpotential of the La0.8Sr0.2FeO3-δ single layer cathode is higher than 260 mV at the same condition. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was employed to investigate the polarization resistance of the cathode. The polarization resistance of the composite cathode is 1.20 Ω·cm2 in open circuit condition, while the value of the single La0.8Sr0.2FeO3-δ cathode is 1.235 Ω·cm2.

Synthesis and Electrical Properties of La_(0.6)M_(0.4)FeO_(3-δ)(M=Ca, Sr, Ba) as Cathodes for SOFCs

A series samples of La0.6M0.4FeO3-δ （M = Ca, Sr, process （GNP）. FTIR, TG-DSC, XRD and TEM techniques Ba） perovskite-type oxides were prepared by glycine nitrate were used to characterize the chemical constitution, thermal stability and phase structure. The electrical conductivity of the samples was investigated by four-probe technique. With the increase of substituted-ionic radius, the temperature of phase formation increases, and the solid solubility decreases gradually, respectively. The La0.6Ca0.4FeO3-δ（LCF）powder is pure cubic perovskite-type crystalline after fired at 850℃ for 2 h. The XRD patterns of La0.6Sr0.4FeO3-δ（LSF） powder shows a small quantity of SrO peaks sintered at 1050℃ for 2 h. The electrical conductivity of LCF and LSF at 500 - 800℃ is over 100 S·cm^ - 1, and the value of LCF is 1170 S·cm^ - 1 at 800℃, which indicate that LCF and LSF may be used as a profitable cathode for IT-SOFCs. The characteristic of La0.6 Ba0.4FeO3-δ（LBF） is poor, and the electrical conductivity at intermediate temperatures is 1/20 less than that of LSF.

Electrical Properties of La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)Co_(1-y)Fe_yO_(3-δ) for SOFC Cathodes

La0.8Sr0.2Co1-yFeyO3-δ (y=0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) powders were synthesized by ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) complexing sol-gel process. The powders were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The results showed that single-phased perovskite-type oxide powders with small particle size were obtained by the process, and the compositions of the productions agreed with the designed molar ratio. The electronic conductivity and ionic conductivity of La0.8Sr0.2Co1-yFeyO3-δ were investigated by DC four-terminal method and AC impedance spectroscopy, respectively. The electronic conductivity of La0.8Sr0.2Co1-yFeyO3-δ is approximately 2～4 orders of magnitude higher than the ionic conductivity. It was confirmed that the conductivities of the materials were strongly influenced by the composition anions, temperature and sample preparing process.

Introducing Ag in Ba_(0.9)La_(0.1)FeO_(3-δ):Combining cationic substitution with metal particle decoration

BaFeO_(3-δ)-derived perovskites are promising cathodes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells.The activity of these perovskites depends on the number of oxygen vacancies in their lattice,which can be tuned by cationic substitution.Our first-principle calculations show that Ag is a promising substitute for the Fe site,resulting in a reduced oxygen vacancy formation energy compared with the pristine BaFeO_(3-δ).Ag has limited solubility in perovskites,and its introduction generates an Ag metal secondary phase,which influences the cathode performances.In this work,we investigate the matter,using a Ba0:9La0:1Fe_(1-x)AgxO_(3-δ)series of materials as a case study.Acknowledging the limited solubility of Ag in Ba0:9La0:1Fe_(1-x)AgxO_(3-δ),we aim to distinguish the effects of Ag substitution from those of the Ag secondary phase.We observed that Ag substitution increases the number of oxygen vacancies,confirming our calculations,and facilitates the oxygen incorporation.However,Ag substitution lowers the number of holes,in this way reducing the electronic p-type conductivity.On the other hand,Ag metal positively affects the electronic conductivity and helps the redistribution of the electronic charge at the cathode-electrolyte interface.

燃烧室双旁侧二次进气固体燃料冲压发动机燃烧特性

针对固体燃料冲压发动机中因扩散燃烧带来的燃速与燃烧效率偏低问题,提出一种燃烧室双旁侧二次进气固体燃料冲压发动机方案,以提高固体燃料冲压发动机燃烧性能。基于标准k-ε湍流模型和涡耗散方程建立冲压发动机燃烧模型,并对冲压发动机基本模型(无旁侧进气)与双旁侧二次进气冲压发动机模型的内流场、燃面退移速率、燃烧效率等展开仿真计算,同时研究了旁路比对双旁侧二次进气冲压发动机性能的影响。仿真结果表明:燃烧室双旁侧二次进气冲压发动机内流场将出现二次回流区、旋流区等新的流场特征,在一定程度上有助于增强发动机掺混燃烧;燃烧效率和比冲随旁路比的增加呈现先增加、后降低趋势,并在旁路比为60%时二者最高,相较冲压发动机基本模型燃烧效率提升了将近40%、比冲提高了12.09%;推力随旁路比增加整体呈现增加趋势,在旁路比为60%时增量最大,之后推力增益效果随着旁路比的增加逐渐减小。

粉末燃料典型流化装置流量调节对流化的影响

粉末燃料供应系统是实现粉末冲压发动机流量调节的最关键技术,供应系统的优劣直接影响发动机性能,也是需要解决的主要问题之一。本文运用欧拉连续介质方法对粉末燃料典型流化装置流量调节对流化的影响进行研究,探究流量调节过程中等固气比调节对流化的影响,分析粉末在存储罐、流化区域、出口管路上的分布规律。通过分析等固气比调节的输出粉末质量流量变化规律、粉末分布、罐体气相压降判断粉末流化效果的优劣,进而完成粉末燃料典型流化装置流量调节对流化影响的研究。结果表明,随着输入粉末质量流量的增大,粉末供应到达稳定供应状态的时长逐渐减小;输入粉末平均质量流通量在12732.4~16976.5 kg/(m2·s)的设计工况,到达稳定供应状态需要的时间短,是较为理想的输入粉末质量流量的设计工况;粉末燃料供应系统为欠阻尼系统,供应系统开机后推力增加的过程中,阻尼振荡频率随着输出粉末质量流量的增大而增大;在到达稳定前,流化区域形成的旋流影响范围先增大再变小后保持稳定(或者消失),旋流具有稳定粉末供应的作用。

A study of solid ramjet fuel containing boron–magnesium mixtures

Solid fuel ramjets (SFRJ) are known for their operational simplicity and high specific impulse. The performance of the SFRJ propulsion system is directly tied to the energy density and combustion behavior of the fuel. A typical solid fuel used in a ramjet application is a collection of metal particles suspended in a polymeric binder. Boron is the ubiquitous candidate when considering metal additives for fuels due to an impressive 122.5 kJ/cm3 energy density. However, boron requires long residence times in combustors due to its high melting and boiling points. Magnesium appears to be a natural complement to boron;while possessing a lower energy density (42.1 kJ/cm3), it burns with a high flame temperature and readily reacts in combustion with a low melting point. In this study, several HTPB–boron–magnesium fuels are studied on a small scale to evaluate performance for ramjet application. Holography experiments are conducted, as well as laser ignition tests, to study particle behavior just above the fuel surface. Small, center-perforated fuel grains are examined in a direct-connect SFRJ test stand configuration to measure ignition temperatures and performance parameters. Combustion efficiency of the HTPB–boron–magnesium fuel is found to significantly increase for one of the fuels studied.

Tailoring Sr_(2)Fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5)O_(6-δ)with Sc as a new single-phase cathode for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells

Sc-doped Sr_(2)Fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5)O_(6-δ)(SFMSc)was successfully synthesized by partially substituting Mo in Sr_(2)Fe_(1.5)Mo_(0.5)O_(6-δ)(SFM)with Sc,resulting in a higher proton diffusion rate in the resultant SFMSc sample.Theoretical calculations showed that doping Sc into SFM lowered the oxygen vacancy formation energy,reduced the energy barrier for proton migration in the oxide,and increased the catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction.Next,a proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell(H-SOFC)with a single-phase SFMSc cathode demonstrated significantly higher cell performance than that of cell based on an Sc-free SFM cathode,achieving 1258 mW cm^(−2)at 700℃.The performance also outperformed that of many other H-SOFCs based on single-phase cobalt-free cathodes.Furthermore,no trade-off between fuel cell performance and material stability was observed.The SFMSc material demonstrated good stability in both the CO_(2)-containing atmosphere and the fuel cell application.The combination of high performance and outstanding stability suggests that SFMSc is an excellent cathode material for H-SOFCs.

Attempted preparation of La_(0.5)Ba_(0.5)MnO_(3-δ) leading to an in-situ formation of manganate nanocomposites as a cathode for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells

A La_(0.5)Ba_(0.5)MnO_(3-δ) oxide was prepared using the sol-gel technique.Instead of a pure phase,La_(0.5)Ba_(0.5)MnO_(3-δ) was discovered to be a combination of La_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)MnO_(3-δ) and BaMnO_(3).The in-situ production of La_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)MnO_(3-δ)+BaMnO_(3) nanocomposites enhanced the oxygen vacancy(Vo)formation compared to single-phase La_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)MnO_(3-δ) or BaMnO_(3),providing potential benefits as a cathode for fuel cells.Subsequently,La_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)MnO_(3-δ)+BaMnO_(3) nanocomposites were utilized as the cathode for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells(H-SOFCs),which significantly improved cell performance.At 700 C,H-SOFC with a La_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)MnO_(3-δ)+BaMnO_(3) nanocomposite cathode achieved the highest power density(1504 mW·cm^(-2))yet recorded for H-SOFCs with manganate cathodes.This performance was much greater than that of single-phase La_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)MnO_(3-δ)or BaMnO_(3) cathode cells.In addition,the cell demonstrated excellent working stability.First-principles calculations indicated that the La_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)MnO_(3-δ)/BaMnO_(3) interface was crucial for the enhanced cathode performance.The oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)free energy barrier was significantly lower at the La_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)MnO_(3-δ)/BaMnO_(3) interface than that at the La_(0.7)Ba_(0.3)MnO_(3-δ) or BaMnO_(3) surfaces,which explained the origin of high performance and gave a guide for the construction of novel cathodes for H-SOFCs.

Nanostructuring the electronic conducting La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)MnO_(3-δ) cathode for high-performance in proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells below 600℃

Proton-conducting oxides offer a promising electrolyte solution for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells（SOFCs） due to their high conductivity and low activation energy. However, the lower operation temperature leads to a reduced cathode activity and thus a poorer fuel cell performance. La_（0.8）Sr_（0.2）MnO_（3-δ）（LSM） is the classical cathode material for high-temperature SOFCs, which lack features as a proper SOFC cathode material at intermediate temperatures.Despite this, we here successfully couple nanostructured LSM cathode with proton-conducting electrolytes to operate below600℃ with desirable SOFC performance. Inkjet printing allows depositing nanostructured particles of LSM on Y-doped Ba ZrO_3（BZY） backbones as cathodes for proton-conducting SOFCs, which provides one of the highest power output for the BZY-based fuel cells below 600 ℃. This somehow changes the common knowledge that LSM can be applied as a SOFC cathode materials only at high temperatures（above 700 ℃）.

Cobalt-free Composite Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Fe_(0.9)Ni_(0.1)O_(3-δ)-Ce_(0.8)Sm_(0.2)O_(2-δ) as Cathode for Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

New cobalt-free composites consisting of Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe0.9Ni0.1O3-δ （BSFN） and Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ （SDC） were investigated as possible cathode materials for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell （IT-SOFC）. BSFN, which was synthesized by auto ignition process, was chemically compatible with SDC up to 1100 ℃ as indicated by X-ray diffraction analysis. The electrical conductivity of BSFN reached the maximum value of 57 S.cm-1 at 450 ℃. The thermal expansion coefficient （TEC） value of BSFN was 30.9×10-6 K-1, much higher than that of typical electrolytes. The electrochemical behavior of the composites was analyzed via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with symmetrical cells BSFN-SDC/SDC/BSFN-SDC. The area specific interracial polarization resistance （ASR） decreased with increasing SDC content of the composite. The area specific interracial polarization resistance （ASR） at 700 ℃ is only 0.49, 0.34 and 0.31 Ω.cm2 when 30, 40, and 50 wt% SDC was cooperated to BSFN, respectively. These results suggest that BSFN-SDC is a possible candidate for IT-SOFC cathode.