Research on Key Points of Design of Standard Plants in Modern Industrial Parks Under the Background of Promoting the Development of New Quality Productive Forces

With the progress of science and technology and the acceleration of industrialization,the modern industrial park is an important carrier of industrial development.The importance of its standard plant design has become increasingly prominent.With the development of new quality productive forces as the background,this research deeply discusses the key points of standard plant design in modern industrial parks.This paper uses literature review and case analysis to systematically analyze the important role of standard plant design in developing new quality productive forces in modern industrial parks and puts forward suggestions for optimizing design.It is found that the rationality,intelligence,and environmental protection of plant design are the key factors affecting the development of new quality productive forces.The paper summarizes the core points of modern industrial park standard plant design to provide a reference for the future development of related industries.

海洋垃圾回收船设计

为了回收海洋垃圾以保护海洋生态环境,利用SolidWorks设计了一种既可清理固体垃圾又可清理液体垃圾的回收船。该回收船主要包括固体垃圾处理装置和液体垃圾处理装置两部分。通过聚拢、收集、打碎、打包、挤压等装置,实现对固体垃圾和液体垃圾的处理收集功能。该回收船小巧轻便,可用于大型远洋船只上,整个船体均可拆卸,便于后期的维护和修理。

低碳理念在工业园区规划环评中的应用

随着我国社会的快速发展,经济效益也日益显著。但是,当今人们在利用自然资源的同时,却忽视了对它们的保护,导致生态系统受到大规模损害,并引起了如气候变化等一连串的问题。为处理这些问题,中国已经开始注意到低碳经济的价值,并且更深入地把低碳观念运用到社会的各个发展领域,从而全面管理和限制碳排放。由于工业园区的温室气体排放量偏高,为附近环境带来了显著污染,因此,必须着力于对全部工业园区实施高效的规划,并在环评中深度融合低碳理念,以便使得全部工业园区都可以实现更高质量的低碳发展。本文探讨了低碳观念在当前工业园区规划和环境评估过程中的具体运用情况,同时也深入探讨了其具体执行方法,以期为工业园区规划和环境评估带来启示,构建出更加健全的低碳产业结构,促进工业园区的优化和创新。

Environmental risks for application of magnesium slag to soils in China

Magnesium slag(MS)is one of the main industrial solid wastes produced by the magnesium industry.Solving the problem of its disposal has attracted much attention with increasing amounts of solid wastes generated in the production of metallic magnesium.Because MS contains calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg),and silicon(Si),some have tried to use MS as Si-Ca-Mg fertilizer or for soil amendment in agriculture.However,in the magnesium metallurgical process,some pollutant elements are introduced into MS,resulting in the enrichment of these pollutants in MS,such as arsenic(As),chromium(Cr),cadmium(Cd),mercury(Hg),copper(Cu),nickel(Ni),fluorine(F)and chlorine(CI).Research indicates that the enrichment of these pollutants can result in high levels,especially for Cd,Hg,Cu,Ni,F and CI(0-4,0-0.74,20-127,100-170,2277-14800 and 133-1000 mg kg1,respectively)in some MS in China.These levels are often far beyond the limits(S0.3,s0.5,≤50 and≤60 mg·kg-1 for Cd,Hg,Cu and Ni,respectively)of the Chinese Risk Screening Values for Soil Contamination of Agricultural Land based on the Soil Environmental Quality Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Agricultural Land(GB 15618-2018)or the critical reference values(<800 and≤200 for F and CI,respectively).The elements Hg,Cu,Cr and F(detected in MS leachate at 0.00023--0.0052,0.043--3.89,0.026-0.171,and 1.43-8.52 mg·L-1,respectively)also exceed the limits(Class IV-V)of the Chinese Standard for Groundwater Quality(GB/T 14848-2017).Based on the above results,it is suggested that without any pretreatment for reducing harmful pollutants MS should not be allowed to be applied for soil remediation or conditioning directly into farmlands in order to ensure soil health,food safety and environmental quality.

Environmental risk for application of ammonia-soda white mud in soils in China

In recent years,some reports,mainly from Chinese research,show that there has been an increasing trend in the use of ammonia-soda residue(ASR)(or called ammonia-soda white mud) as a soil conditioner in farmlands.Up to now,the studies on ASR have focused on its utilization for acid soil amendment in agriculture,but few studies have assessed its environmental risk.ASR contains pollutant elements such as mercury(Hg),cadmium(Cd),copper(Cu) and fluorine(F) and the purpose of this study was to review research on the environmental impacts of ASR application in agriculture.Observations obtained from 23 research reports indicate that the concentrations of Hg,Cd,Cu,F and Cl(0-170,0.01-2.8,4.5-200,2000-24700 and 1 600-188 000 mg kg^-1,respectively) in ASR may exceed the limits(≤0.5,≤0.3 and ≤50 mg kg^-1 for Hg,Cd and Cu,respectively) of Chinese Risk Screening Values for Soil Contamination of Agricultural Land(GB 15618-2018 2018) or the refereed critical value(≤800 and ≤200 mg kg^-1 for F and Cl,respectively) based on Chinese research.The concentrations of the elements Hg,Cd,Cu,F and Cl in the leachate of ASR detected by the extraction tests also exceed the limits(Class IV-V) of the Chinese Standard for Groundwater Quality(GB/T 14848-2017 2017).Based on the above results,it is suggested that ASR without any pretreatment for reducing harmful pollutants should not be used for soil remediation or conditioning of farmlands,to ensure soil health,food safety and environmental quality.

Industrial solid waste flow analysis of eco-industrial parks： implications for sustainable waste management in China

Sustainable waste management in the industrial ecology perspective brings enormous challenges to the existing methodology of waste analysis at the industrial park （IP） scale. In this study, a four-step method was proposed for industrial solid waste （ISW） flow analysis of eco-industrial parks （EIPs） and applied to two IPs in eastern China. According to a park-wide census of 619 industrial enterprises and 105 questionnaires by a survey from 2006 to 2008, the results indicated that： 1） at the enterprise scale, more than 60% of enterprises were small- ISW-generation enterprises which encountered great difficulties on effective waste management; 2） at the IP scale, though the two IPs have set up their own environmental management systems and passed the ISO 14001 certification, the efficiencies of the ISW manage- ment systems have yet to be improved in the industrial ecology perspective; and 3） at the regional scale, more than 97% of ISW flowed within the provincial region, indicating that the provincial governments prevented the wastes from flowing into their own ＂back yard＂. Effective waste management should be placed in a broader perspective. Approaches to sustainable waste management may include wastes exchange, efficient waste and information flow, virtual EIP, waste minimization clubs and regionalization of waste management.

Sustainable Industrial Community

Nowadays, the style of living that significantly depends on consumption of resources and over consumption patterns, tremendous increase in population, urbanization and industrialization resulted into generation of huge amounts of industrial wastes. Many environmental problems are facing industrial areas, especially in developing countries, due to poor industrial hazardous waste management. In order to reduce the effect of industrial waste on the environment and to reach sustainable development, countries have developed and reinforced several environmental protection laws and regulations. Yet, the waste disposals via incineration and/or landfilling according to cradle-to-grave concept require high capital, high running costs and are seen by industries as a barrier for further industrial development. Most importantly, disposals of waste deplete natural resources causing them to be unsustainable. Hence, various concepts and strategies have been suggested to promote industrial sustainability. The aim of this paper is to present different concepts and practices including Cradle-to-Cradle approach, Cleaner Production, Industrial Ecology, Eco-Industrial Park and Environmentally Balanced Industrial Complex described in literature that help develop a successful sustainable industrial community and reach zero pollution. These concepts are illustrated via case studies. Moreover, this paper tackles the challenges facing industrial areas in Egypt and emphasis on the imperative need for considering sustainable industrial community.

Literature review on waste management of online food delivery industry in China

Meituan Waimai,which was officially launched in November 2013,has created a huge market for food delivery in China.After years of development,China’s online food delivery market reached RMB 664.62 billion in 2020.In 2022,Meituan Waimai and Ele.me,two food delivery platforms,have created a duopoly in China’s food delivery industry.Due to the success of the food delivery industry,a significant amount of food delivery packaging waste has caused far-reaching harm.This literature review primarily organizes the research on the impact of online food delivery packaging from the perspective of environmental protection.It uses the criterion layer index of online food delivery waste management ecosystem to analyze the impact of the government,environmental non-governmental organizations(NGOs),garbage recycling processors,consumers,online food delivery platforms,takeaway merchants,and takeaway packaging manufacturers.The review shows that scholars generally believe that takeaway waste management is a complex process involving multiple factors.The implementation of policies at the government level is inadequate,and studies at the environmental NGO level are scant.At the consumer level,more environmental awareness education is required.Online food delivery platforms and takeaway merchants should assume greater corporate social responsibility,and manufacturers of takeaway packaging need prioritize the substitution of environmentally friendly materials.There is a consensus that paper-made and recyclable packaging boxes are more environmentally friendly than degradable packaging,which is not as environmentally friendly as is commonly believed.The academia and the industry have conducted various studies and pilot projects on recyclable packaging.If all levels cooperate well,this will be an effective way to manage takeaway packaging garbage.At last,we propose the following assumptions for future research:Besides environmental hazards,takeaway garbage has caused direct or indirect physical harm to humans and animals.Increasing consumer awareness may increase their propensity to participate in governance.Additionally,existing food delivery platforms may need to improve their corporate social responsibility awareness to provide environmentally conscious consumers with sufficient and effective plastic reduction guidance measures during the ordering process.Moreover,will biodegradable plastic products face the same ironic situation as biofuels?That is,the initial intention of technology development is to improve the environment,but the actual process of production or processing may controversially aggravate the environment.

Evaluation of Effluent Discharge from Steel Manufacturing Industries on the Proliferating Environmental Degradation in Nairobi Metropolitan in the Republic of Kenya

The overall objective of this study was to establish the effects of steel industrial effluent on Nairobi metropolitan water system and its impact to the society. The study sought to identify various types of wastes produced by factories, assess how the waste generated is managed and disposed, examine the effects of effluent discharge on Nairobi River and finally propose mitigation measures. The research adopted a qualitative design and employed a number of methods: direct observations, document reviews to content analysis of the past studies, which in the end generated invaluable data. The study revealed that there are four categories of waste generated: solid waste, liquid waste, footbath chemicals as well as thermal wastes. It was also found that waste management in place was not effective enough leading to water and soil pollution. Other causes of pollution were found out to emanate from gasses contamination to the air and chemicals used during steel processing. The findings will inform the community of the harmful effects of untreated water and how it impacts on their health and productivity. It will also help the stakeholders in the environmental conservation to articulate issues of policy and influence agenda setting in the national and sub-national levels.

Development of low-and non-waste technologies in China

Water pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in China. In order to reduce the discharge of waste water per RMB 1000 Yuan of the industrial output value, the author offered a proposal on the development of low-and non-waste technologies as follows: 1. Changing distribution and structures of industrial production; 2. Innovation in techniques and eliminating industrial wastewater in the process of manufacture; 3. Comprehensive utilization of wastes and wastewater; 4. Strengthening environmental management and supervision of industrial enterprises.

固体废物的工业窑炉协同处置进展

工业窑炉协同处置固体废物是降低碳排放的重要途径。将固体废物作为替代燃料或原料在现有高温窑炉中进行处置,不仅可以减少污染物排放,还可实现固体废物的减量化、无害化和资源化利用。本文介绍了水泥窑、电厂燃煤锅炉、钢铁冶炼窑炉、煤气化炉等工业窑炉协同处置固体废物技术的现状,分析了多氯代二苯并-对-二口恶英/多氯代二苯并呋喃(PCDD/Fs)和重金属两类典型污染物的排放特征,指出了该技术当前存在的问题,并对其发展方向进行了展望。

IUWA Waste Manager软件在米东工业园区的试用

用IUWA Waste Manager软件分析乌鲁木齐市米东工业园区的固体废物管理状况,结合循环经济理念,提出园区固体废物环境管理建议和循环化改造方案。

工业园区固体废物协同利用技术评价方法:以包头铝业园区为例

为解决工业园区产生的大量固体废物(固废)带来的环境挑战,筛选园区内工业固废协同处理技术方案,提升废物管理效率并促进可持续发展.本文结合工业园区内的固废协同利用技术多维度评价和层次分析法,构建了评价技术组合方案的方法,并针对包头铝业园区进行案例研究.结果表明:(1)通过专家打分法,筛选出在经济、技术、环境等多维度表现优异的固废处理技术,满分10分的综合评分中得分在6.75分及以上的一般工业固废处理技术、6.95分及以上的二次铝灰处理技术、7.08分及以上的大修渣处理技术均通过筛选.(2)通过层次分析法,分析出最适用于包头铝业园区的固废协同利用方案,即大规模固废的综合利用、铝灰多层次的综合利用途径、大修渣与炭渣的协同利用方案.该方案层次总排序为0.4379,大幅领先于另外两方案(层次总排序分别为0.2645与0.2976).(3)由专家对每种技术、每个维度进行的详细打分衍生出的层次分析法中各因素重要性的数据更客观,容易通过一致性检验.研究显示,提出的针对园区工业固废协同利用技术组合方案为工业园区的固废管理提供了科学决策和实际操作方案,有助于推动绿色发展和资源循环利用.此外,包头铝业园区的案例证实,研究提出的评价模型为工业固废的协同处理方案的筛选提供了可行的方法支撑.

固体废物资源化技术的研究与应用

本文旨在探讨固体废物资源化技术的研究与应用,重点关注了皮革制造业中的环保科技创新。通过对废弃皮革和废皮革工业废物的处理和再利用,本研究展示了如何将废物转化为宝贵的资源,并减少对自然资源的依赖。本文还介绍了一系列废物资源化技术,包括废皮革的化学处理、物理分离和生物降解等方法,考察了这些技术在实际生产中的应用,以及对环境保护和可持续发展的潜在影响。本文的研究结果将有助于推动皮革制造业的绿色转型,从而减少废物排放,降低生产成本,提高资源利用效率。

三种典型工业固废钝化重金属污染土壤的研究进展

这是一篇环境工程领域的论文。土壤重金属污染问题与我国耕地面积安全和粮食安全密切相关,将工业固体废弃物应用于钝化重金属污染土壤是一种低成本、高收益的解决方案。文章梳理了赤泥、粉煤灰和钢渣三种典型工业固废钝化重金属污染土壤的研究进展,系统总结了赤泥、粉煤灰和钢渣对土壤重金属存在状态和植物生长情况的影响作用,并对赤泥、粉煤灰和钢渣作为土壤钝化剂使用时的缺点和潜在问题进行了分析。

化学实验室环保技术和管理的探索与实践

实验室在运行过程中,存在试剂种类复杂、检验项目多、标准化程度低等情况,分析了环保管理问题产生的原因,阐述了实验室的环境影响因素,讨论了“三废”的排放标准、计算方法、现有的治理技术,提出了实验室“三废”减量、按期监测、合规转移等全流程管理建议。

工业固废基地质聚合物在环境领域的应用研究进展

工业固废基地质聚合物是一种以工业固体废弃物为原料制备而成的新型绿色凝胶材料,具有原料来源广泛,成本低廉,绿色环保等特点,是工业固废资源化利用的重要途径之一,在环境保护领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。重点概述了不同工业固废制备地质聚合物的研究现状,并介绍了其在碳捕集、废水治理、固化重金属以及其他环境治理领域的应用研究进展,以期推动固废基地质聚合物的研究和促进工业固废的资源化利用。

工业固废资源化综合利用的策略与实践

为解决我国钢铁板块带来的钢铁固废和粉煤灰等工业固废的资源化利用问题,采用案例分析和实地调研的方法,以酒钢集团在尾矿悬浮磁化焙烧和粉煤灰资源化利用为例,探索并提出了一系列综合利用策略:通过加强政府与企业的联合,鼓励具备条件的科研单位和企业共同发展共享性质的试验、检测、中试及大规模试验平台,并促进高等教育机构、科研机构与科技创新企业之间的紧密协作,构建“产学研用”一体化通道,促进工业固废综合利用的新理论、新技术、新模式的形成;地质聚合物凭借其独特的三维网络结构和优异的性能,可作为土木工程材料、耐火材料和吸附材料等应用于多个领域,还可作为一种替代水泥的聚合胶凝材料,有助于减少建筑行业的碳排放;针对目前以硅酸盐水泥或者矿渣水泥为主的矿山充填料的整体强度要求不高,造成资源浪费和增加成本的问题,可利用工业固体废弃物部分或者完全替代水泥制备新型胶凝材料进行胶结充填;从源头上拓宽固废的处置和利用途径,探索规模化、低投资、高效益的固废处理方法,实现固废的资源化利用,使工业固废处置更加多元化。结果表明,通过拓展利用领域、发挥标准引领作用、加强上下游协同及实施多元化处置策略,可以有效提升固废的资源化利用率,尤其是地质聚合物技术在固废处理中显示出显著的环境效益和应用潜力。为实现固废的资源化综合利用,需要政府、企业和研究机构的共同努力,对现有处置方法进行创新和改进,以推动工业固废向高附加值产品的转化,促进绿色经济的发展。

植物类固体废物环保资源化利用预处理技术研究

为解决植物类固体废物稻草秸秆预处理问题,研究了各种预处理方式对稻草酶水解产生还原糖浓度的影响。结果表明,经过2.0%稀硫酸、3.0%氢氧化钠、微波(450 W、10 min)、稀酸-微波和氢氧化钠-微波预处理后的稻草粉,酶水解产生的还原糖浓度比未处理时分别增大了1.39、2.07、0.39、2.34和3.11倍,起到了良好的预处理效果,其中氢氧化钠-微波联合预处理的效果最好。稻草秸秆采用氢氧化钠-微波联合预处理后,再加入纤维素酶进行水解,当纤维素酶加量为30 FPU/(g底物)、底物质量浓度为60 g/L、水解反应为50 h后,酶水解率可达85%以上,加入质量浓度2 g/L的非离子表面活性剂C能够使酶水解率增大至90%以上。

矿山固体废弃物的危害及其环保治理技术研究

随着工业化和经济发展的推进,矿山固体废弃物成为了一个全球性的环境问题。文章针对矿山固体废弃物的危害及其环保治理技术展开了研究。首先介绍了矿山固体废弃物的组成和性质,并分析了其对环境和人类健康的影响。然后重点探讨了矿山固体废弃物的环保治理技术,包括尾矿综合利用技术,总结了成功案例的治理技术和经验,并提出了未来矿山固体废弃物环保治理的挑战和展望。本研究对于矿山固体废弃物的环保治理具有重要的指导意义。