Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Management in the Farmgate Area of Dhaka North City Corporation

This investigation is focused on conducting a thorough analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM). MSWM encompasses a range of interdisciplinary measures that govern the various stages involved in managing unwanted or non-utilizable solid materials, commonly known as rubbish, trash, junk, refuse, and garbage. These stages include generation, storage, collection, recycling, transportation, handling, disposal, and monitoring. The waste materials mentioned in this context exhibit a wide range of items, such as organic waste from food and vegetables, paper, plastic, polyethylene, iron, tin cans, deceased animals, byproducts from demolition activities, manure, and various other discarded materials. This study aims to provide insights into the possibilities of enhancing solid waste management in the Farmgate area of Dhaka North City Corporation (DNCC). To accomplish this objective, the research examines the conventional waste management methods employed in this area. It conducts extensive field surveys, collecting valuable data through interviews with local residents and key individuals involved in waste management, such as waste collectors, dealers, intermediate dealers, recyclers, and shopkeepers. The results indicate that significant amounts of distinct waste categories are produced daily. These include food and vegetable waste, which amount to 52.1 tons/day;polythene and plastic, which total 4.5 tons/day;metal and tin-can waste, which amounts to 1.4 tons/day;and paper waste, which totals 5.9 tons/day. This study highlights the significance of promoting environmental consciousness to effectively shape the attitudes of urban residents toward waste disposal and management. It emphasizes the need for collaboration between authorities and researchers to improve the current waste management system.

Modeling Solid Waste Minimization Performance at Source in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania

Municipal solid waste generation is strongly linked to rising human population and expanding urban areas, with significant implications on urban metabolism as well as space and place values redefinition. Effective management performance of municipal solid waste management underscores the interdisciplinarity strategies. Such knowledge and skills are paramount to uncover the sources of waste generation as well as means of waste storage, collection, recycling, transportation, handling/treatment, disposal, and monitoring. This study was conducted in Dar es Salaam city. Driven by the curiosity model of the solid waste minimization performance at source, study data was collected using focus group discussion techniques to ward-level local government officers, which was triangulated with literature and documentary review. The main themes of the FGD were situational factors (SFA) and local government by-laws (LGBY). In the FGD session, sub-themes of SFA tricked to understand how MSW minimization is related to the presence and effect of services such as land use planning, availability of landfills, solid waste transfer stations, material recovery facilities, incinerators, solid waste collection bins, solid waste trucks, solid waste management budget and solid waste collection agents. Similarly, FGD on LGBY was extended by sub-themes such as contents of the by-law, community awareness of the by-law, and by-law enforcement mechanisms. While data preparation applied an analytical hierarchy process, data analysis applied an ordinary least square (OLS) regression model for sub-criteria that explain SFA and LGBY;and OLS standard residues as variables into geographically weighted regression with a resolution of 241 × 241 meter in ArcMap v10.5. Results showed that situational factors and local government by-laws have a strong relationship with the rate of minimizing solid waste dumping in water bodies (local R square = 0.94).

Characterisation of Municipal Solid Waste Compost (MSWC) from Selected Indian Cities—A Case Study for Its Sustainable Utilisation

Utilisation of Municipal Solid Waste is important to curb the ever rising demand of scarce land for its disposal. Changing life style patterns, particularly in urban areas, has led to increase in generation of MSW. Municipal solid waste from Indian cities estimated to have 40% - 60% organic matter, which could be recycled as compost. The most suitable way to recycle it with low investment is aerobic composting using windrow method. With the compliance of Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules 2000, many cities in India are making compost with organic portion of MSW. Before applying MSWC for agricultural uses, it is important to inventories heavy metals in compost to assess its toxicity. In the present study the compost samples were quantified for its toxicity from three highly populated cities of India, i.e., Delhi (Capital of India), Ahmedabad (Gujarat) and Bangalore (Karnataka). The MSWC samples were analysed for total heavy metals and in extractable fractions. Few samples were found with higher concentration of metals then the prescribed limits for its application as compost in Indian MSW rules, whereas, samples have not showed significant heavy metals concentration in extractable fractions. Therefore, studied MSW compost samples had demonstrated its suitability to use as green compost.

Optimization of Municipal Solid Waste Management of Bins Using GIS. A Case Study: Nuseirat City

Solid Waste Management, SWM, is an integral part of public health and environmental control. Improper SWM leads to both economic and environmental sufferings. Almost all factors related to solid waste management have both spatial and non-spatial components. Thus, traditional ways of storing and analyzing data keep data in an isolated form, which results in an inefficient management system. This research aims to optimize municipal solid waste management of bins using GIS. Nuseirat City is chosen as a case study to evaluate SWM of recycle bins to allow the collection process to get less cost and less time as well as to determine the best routes for the trucks to collect the bins. Using Location-Allocation technique, the study indicates that 50 bins from the existing 222 bins do not meet the required selection criteria and need to be re-distributed. It also shows that there are many areas which are not serviced and that the existing bins do not cover all areas in Nuseirat. Nuseirat municipality needs to supply 173 bins besides the existing bins in order to fully cover the city. Moreover, the best tracks to be followed by vehicles that will reduce the financial cost using Vehicle Routing Problem Analysis are determined using GIS network analysis. It is recommended the use of GIS in the administration, especially the management of solid waste and the consideration of it mainly in the general system of municipalities working in the Gaza Strip. Extensive attention should be focused on the collection of solid waste because it is important in the development of cities and it gives a wonderful cultural landscape.

Evolving pattern and improvement path of China’s solid waste management policies

Systematically sorting out the evolving pattern of solid waste management policies and studying the key points and development trends of solid waste management policies are conducive to the clarification of improvement path of solid waste management policies.Based on the promulgated solid waste management policies,this study applies statistical methods to the analysis of the text structure and contents of the solid waste management policies,attempting to find out the internal evolving pattern of the solid waste management policies in China.Closely integrating the current policy requirements for the construction of‘waste-free city’,this study puts forward a policy optimization and improvement path.The findings are briefly listed blow:①The solid waste management policies have demonstrated multiple text types and various levels of effectiveness,and the policy framework system is gradually optimized.②In each edition of solid waste management policy,the hotspot issues are highlighted with distinctive characteristics of the times and dynamic evolution.The policies are covering more fields,the contents are more targeted and comprehensive,and the implementation is more specific and practical.③The policies mainly focus on harmlessness,reduction,reclamation,pollution prevention,supervision and management,secondary pollution,recycling,circular economy,etc.④The government strengthens the top-level design from the macro level,focusing on policy guidance and standardization,policy coordination,technical support,and governance improvement to promote the realization of the goals of‘harmlessness,reduction,reclamation’.⑤The diversification of tools,approaches and factors supporting solid waste management,and the growing awareness of the technical support of solid waste management,and the management mode and governance path have entered the phase of adaptive transformation.Based on practical needs,the market oriented policies and incentive mechanisms for solid waste management are inadequate,applicable technical attention is not highly paid,and the comprehensive management level and governance capabilities are in urgent need of improvement.Combined with the theoretical research,practical actions and policy initiatives of the construction of‘waste-free city’in other countries,from the perspectives of solid waste full product lifecycle management,technical support paradigm policy,main body coordination policy,guidance incentive policy,laws and regulations and other aspects,the policy improvement path and direction of China’s‘waste-free city’are thoroughly discussed in this study.

Planning for the Solid Waste Management of Central Park in New Capital Development of Afghanistan

Kabul New City is a new capital development and a modern city development of Afghanistan covering total area of 740 km2. In 2009 Afghan cabinet approved developing New Capital to fulfill the requirement of growing population. For sustainable development, it has been planned to have a green belt and central park about 1298 hectares within the city. It is having positive impact on human health along with the economic, social and environmental benefits. Hence, for sustaining the urban parks, their proper maintenance is a foremost problem. The solid waste management is duly considered in planning stage of development, otherwise, it would encounter major challenges during operation and maintenance of Park. The projected waste generation in KNC park area is required to be assessed, therefore, surveys of Bagh-e-Babur in existing Kabul are carried out for the visitors’ projection and solid waste generation. The highest visitors and waste were estimated in declining order of summer, spring, fall, and winter. Kabul New City Central Park results speculate that the total visitors’ projection is going to be 6,745,313 per year generating about 337 metric tons wastes/year (0.05 kg/visitor/day). 10 Vehicles of capacity 8 m3 are required to collect waste from central park towards the Transfer Station while 4 vehicles of 23 m3 are required for collection of waste from TS to Landfill. Moreover, 700 containers of 240 liters are required in the park. Furthermore, different sites were indicated in map for composting area where after the development it would be considered.

Building Zero-Waste Cities

The State Council has published an ambitious“zero-waste city”pilot plan that aims to minimize solid waste generation and maximize recycling in urban areas.After the 10-city pilot program ends in 2021,its results will be used to guide expansion of the initiative.

“Waste-free Cities”Construction and Carbon Emission Reduction in China:Based on the Perspective of Circular Economy

Solid waste and carbon dioxide are important elements of environmental governance.Under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals,the research on whether and how to promote the construction of“no waste cities”and carbon emission reduction is of great significance in China.The generation of solid waste and greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide has the same origin,which can be well coordinated to promote environmental governance.

“无废城市”试点政策对企业绿色创新的影响

为推进固体废物治理改革,贯彻落实“双碳”目标及探索区域绿色发展路径,文章以2016—2021年我国试点城市内沪深上市公司为处理组,采用PSM-DID方法进行准自然实验检验。研究发现:相对于非试点地区,“无废城市”试点政策渐进提升了试点地区企业的绿色创新水平和质量;作用机制检验发现,政府环境关注度在试点政策与企业绿色创新之间具有部分中介作用;进一步引入三重差分模型进行异质性检验发现,该政策对工业企业绿色创新质量的提升效应更显著,对国有企业及知识产权保护力度较高地区企业的绿色创新水平和质量提升均更显著。文章为“十四五”期间“无废城市”试点政策的推广提供决策参考。

“无废城市”背景下《固体废弃物处理》课程教学改革——以含铊固废资源化为例

2018年我国提出了“无废城市”理念,而固体废弃物资源化是实现“无废城市”目标的关键途径之一。本文阐述了“无废城市”,明确指出固体废弃物的“减量化”、“资源化”、“无害化”原则均体现了“无废城市”理念,且资源化以无害化为前提,这是《固体废弃物处理》课程教学大纲修订的要求。另外,随着新能源电池的发展,锂行业发展迅猛,导致与锂行业有关的含铊固废堆积如山,目前含铊固废的有效处理处置将是整个锂行业的关键瓶颈。本文以含铊固废为例,从稀散金属铊的特性、含铊固废的来源、含铊固废中铊的富集方法(包括火法/湿法富集铊、烟尘中富集铊精矿、离子交换法富集铊)、富集铊后的固废建材化等方面阐述含铊固废资源化利用。探讨《固体废弃物处理》课程教学大纲和教学内容的修订和改革,为我国“无废城市”目标的达成和生态文明建设提供人才保障。

基于灰色系统的城市生活垃圾产生量预测研究

探究“无废城市”建设下城市生活垃圾产生量影响因素有助于指导城市制定有效的治理方案。基于灰色系统,以11个国内“无废城市”建设试点城市为对象,采用灰色关联分析法研究城市生活垃圾产生量的相关影响因素,并通过灰色预测模型预测城市未来9年的生活垃圾产生量。结果表明:1)城市的经济发展水平对生活垃圾产生量的影响最大,其相关影响因素的影响程度表现为地区生产总值>社会消费品零售总额>第三产业占比>人均GDP。2)GM(1,1)模型预测10个试点城市生活垃圾产生量的结果表明,2023—2030年重庆市和深圳市的生活垃圾产生量年增长率基本保持不变,威海市、盘锦市、三亚市等8个城市的生活垃圾产生量年增长率逐年降低,以铜陵市的降低幅度最大,绍兴市最小。3)加入5个相关影响因素的GM(1,N)模型预测6个试点城市生活垃圾产生量表明,2023—2030年盘锦市和重庆市的生活垃圾产生量年增长率呈下降趋势,深圳市、许昌市、三亚市、徐州市的年增长率逐年上升,增长幅度最大的是深圳市,最小的是徐州市。研究结果可为“无废城市”建设背景下城市的固废管理提供有效策略支撑。

河南省推进“无废城市”建设实践与对策研究

建设“无废城市”是增进社会福祉的重要举措。近年,河南省坚持顶层设计,科学制定“无废城市”建设规划,坚持以点带面,构建梯次推进“无废城市”建设格局,坚持高位推进,确立健全的组织领导体系和评估体系,坚持系统思维,建立统筹协调推进机制。采用资料收集法、文献研究法及实地考察法,从实践、成效及面临的问题三方面对河南省推进“无废城市”建设的现状及问题进行调研。结果发现,河南省“5+1”地区因地制宜,持续进行特色化、适宜化探索,在“无废城市”建设中取得明显成效,但河南省“无废城市”建设仍存在起步较晚、资金短缺、技术能力不足、宣传力度不够等问题,需做好统筹衔接,充分形成工作合力,加大技术支持力度,全面增强全民生态文明意识。

工业园区固体废物协同利用技术评价方法:以包头铝业园区为例

为解决工业园区产生的大量固体废物(固废)带来的环境挑战,筛选园区内工业固废协同处理技术方案,提升废物管理效率并促进可持续发展.本文结合工业园区内的固废协同利用技术多维度评价和层次分析法,构建了评价技术组合方案的方法,并针对包头铝业园区进行案例研究.结果表明:(1)通过专家打分法,筛选出在经济、技术、环境等多维度表现优异的固废处理技术,满分10分的综合评分中得分在6.75分及以上的一般工业固废处理技术、6.95分及以上的二次铝灰处理技术、7.08分及以上的大修渣处理技术均通过筛选.(2)通过层次分析法,分析出最适用于包头铝业园区的固废协同利用方案,即大规模固废的综合利用、铝灰多层次的综合利用途径、大修渣与炭渣的协同利用方案.该方案层次总排序为0.4379,大幅领先于另外两方案(层次总排序分别为0.2645与0.2976).(3)由专家对每种技术、每个维度进行的详细打分衍生出的层次分析法中各因素重要性的数据更客观,容易通过一致性检验.研究显示,提出的针对园区工业固废协同利用技术组合方案为工业园区的固废管理提供了科学决策和实际操作方案,有助于推动绿色发展和资源循环利用.此外,包头铝业园区的案例证实,研究提出的评价模型为工业固废的协同处理方案的筛选提供了可行的方法支撑.

中国城市生活垃圾分类政策研究——基于46个试点城市的政策文本分析(2017—2022年)

基于2017—2022年46个生活垃圾分类试点城市的108份有效政策文本,进行类型化和内容化分析,构建二维分析模型,以基本政策工具为X维度,政策的作用对象为Y维度。利用Nvivo 12 plus软件对108份政策文本进行手动编码,获得2534条有效节点,构成文本分析的数据源,之后在X维度与Y维度进行统计分析、评分,依据46个城市的评分结果,将其归类,并给出具体的政策完善建议。结果表明:(1)46个城市可大体分为四种类型。(2)当前阶段,各个城市的生活垃圾政策实施效果不佳,各试点城市所颁布的政策内容存在着重复单一、政策工具比例失衡、政策协同效果差、政策作用对象比例失衡等问题。(3)各试点城市应当结合自身的经济发展水平与社会地理环境,制定因地制宜的城市生活垃圾分类政策;要调整政策制定的过程中政策工具的使用比例,优化政策整体结构;要完善多元主体共同参与垃圾分类工作的机制制度设计。

固体废物管理标准化助推“无废城市”建设

本文探讨了固体废物管理标准化的重要意义,首先介绍了固体废物管理标准体系的最新动态和重要平台,然后强调了标准化在提高管理效率、保障环境安全和促进信息共享方面的重要性,阐述了其在固体废物分类、收集、运输和处置等领域的应用。最后,分析了固体废物管理标准化面临的挑战和未来发展趋势,并提出了助推“无废城市”建设的建议。

“无废城市”建设背景下一般工业固体废物管理对策——以石嘴山市为例

随着“无废城市”建设的持续推进,一般工业固体废物管理日益受到重视。本文以石嘴山市为例,分析一般工业固体废物管理现状,指出存在的问题,然后提出一般工业固体废物管理对策,以促进“无废城市”建设。总体来说,要加强制度建设,优化产业结构,激发市场活力,加强科技支撑,提高一般工业固体废物综合利用水平。

生态文明视角下“无废城市”建设路径研究——以大理市为例

“无废城市”建设不仅是全国各地级城市加快推进固体废物源头减量、资源化利用和无害化处置的具体举措,更是生态文明建设大背景下加速实现美丽中国总目标的重要抓手。本研究以国家“十四五”时期“无废城市”试点建设城市大理市为例,在努力将大理打造成为习近平生态文明思想实践基地、绿水青山就是金山银山的全国示范样板背景下,充分收集整理了大理市“无废城市”建设工作的整体推进情况,对大理市“无废城市”试点建设的成效及亮点进行了系统总结,并结合大理市指标体系创建情况深入分析建设过程中存在的问题,据此研究提出大理市“十四五”时期“无废城市”建设的对策建议,为大理市“十五五”时期全面开展“无废城市”建设提供指引。

“无废城市”建设背景下生活垃圾焚烧飞灰管理政策标准及处置进展分析

生活垃圾的焚烧处理是目前我国主流技术之一,而生活垃圾焚烧(municipal solid waste incineration,MSWI)处理必然会伴随着飞灰的产生。《国家危险废物名录(2021年版)》明确MSWI飞灰为危险废物,其安全处理与处置问题是“无废城市”建设过程中的“最后一公里”。MSWI飞灰相关政策标准的实施,促使飞灰管理体系科学且规范。根据不同时期MSWI飞灰相关政策标准的实施情况,将其分为探索起步阶段(以填埋为主)和全面提升阶段(以水泥窑协同处理为主,探索其他资源化方式共存),并对飞灰处置趋势进行展望,其中制备免烧建筑材料是最具前景的发展方向之一。未来飞灰处置趋于区域产业化、标准体系化、减量化、高值化和多元资源化,可为“无废城市”建设提供技术和产业支撑。

固体废物产生处置演变情况调研分析报告——以山西晋城为例

以近十年晋城市固体废物产生处置发展历程为主题,依托环境质量公报等数据,从一般工业固体废物、危险废物和医疗废物3方面着手,介绍其演变规律、演变原因,从而为推进晋城“无废城市”建设、推动“双碳”战略实施提出相应环境管理策略。结果表明,一般工业固体废物产生量随工业经济发展变化而变化,其利用率、处置率之和保持稳定;危险废物产生量呈现行业分布特征,安全处置率为100%;医疗废物产生量并未随疫情的发展而增加,其产生量受医疗机构数量、就医人数、名录规定等影响,安全处置率均为100%。

“无废城市”建设及“无废”理念背景下固废资源化利用探析

伴随我国城镇化的快速发展,我国固体废物产生量逐年递增,但资源回收率不足50%。《生态文明体制改革总体方案》制定和实施以来,包括生活垃圾、工业固废等系列固体废物的回收利用由相关部门进行了单项试点。在此基础上,国务院部署开展“无废城市”建设试点工作。“无废城市”建设是从城市整体层面继续深化固体废物综合管理改革的重要措施,基于我国现阶段“无废”理念背景下的“无废城市”建设,分析固体废物资源化利用新途径,识别“无废”背景下固废资源化利用中的重点领域和关键环节,通过改变城市发展和生活方式向绿色方式转变,促使从源头对固废资源化和减量化利用,最终实现“零废弃”的城市发展模式。