Taking AuCu3-type sublattice system as an example, three discoveries have been presented: First, the third barrier hindering the progress in metal materials science is that researchers have got used to recognizing exp...Taking AuCu3-type sublattice system as an example, three discoveries have been presented: First, the third barrier hindering the progress in metal materials science is that researchers have got used to recognizing experimental phenomena of alloy phase transitions during extremely slow variation in temperature by equilibrium thinking mode and then taking erroneous knowledge of experimental phenomena as selected information for establishing Gibbs energy function and so-called equilibrium phase diagram. Second, the equilibrium holographic network phase diagrams of AuCu3-type sublattice system may be used to describe systematic correlativity of the composition?temperature-dependent alloy gene arranging structures and complete thermodynamic properties, and to be a standard for studying experimental subequilibrium order-disorder transition. Third, the equilibrium transition of each alloy is a homogeneous single-phase rather than a heterogeneous two-phase, and there exists a single-phase boundary curve without two-phase region of the ordered and disordered phases; the composition and temperature of the top point on the phase-boundary curve are far away from the ones of the critical point of the AuCu3 compound.展开更多
Taking Au3Cu-type sublattice system as an example, three discoveries have been presented. First, the fourth barrier to hinder the progress of metal materials science is that today’s researchers do not understand that...Taking Au3Cu-type sublattice system as an example, three discoveries have been presented. First, the fourth barrier to hinder the progress of metal materials science is that today’s researchers do not understand that the Gibbs energy function of an alloy phase should be derived from Gibbs energy partition function constructed of alloy gene sequence and their Gibbs energy sequence. Second, the six rules for establishing alloy gene Gibbs energy partition function have been discovered, and it has been specially proved that the probabilities of structure units occupied at the Gibbs energy levels in the degeneracy factor for calculating configuration entropy should be degenerated as ones of component atoms occupied at the lattice points. Third, the main characteristics unexpected by today’s researchers are as follows. There exists a single-phase boundary curve without two-phase region coexisting by the ordered and disordered phases. The composition and temperature of the top point on the phase-boundary curve are far away from those of the critical point of the Au3Cu compound; At 0 K, the composition of the lowest point on the composition-dependent Gibbs energy curve is notably deviated from that of the Au3Cu compounds. The theoretical limit composition range of long range ordered Au3Cu-type alloys is determined by the first jumping order degree.展开更多
1 Introduction The brines with high concentrations of magnesium and boron resources are widely distributed in the Qaidam Basin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau,China(Zheng&Tang,1988).Although some works on the ternary...1 Introduction The brines with high concentrations of magnesium and boron resources are widely distributed in the Qaidam Basin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau,China(Zheng&Tang,1988).Although some works on the ternary system展开更多
A special method based on the local equilibrium principle has been introduced in the research of the phase diagram of Mn-MnO system.With this method,the problems of volatilization of Mn and the corrosion of Mn and MnO...A special method based on the local equilibrium principle has been introduced in the research of the phase diagram of Mn-MnO system.With this method,the problems of volatilization of Mn and the corrosion of Mn and MnO to refractory materials were prevented efficiently.The solubility of oxygen in Mn and the composition of the interface between MnO and Mn were determined.Partial phase diagram of Mn-MnO system were constructed according to pres- ent experimental results.展开更多
E-T or log p-1/T diagrams showing the influence of temperature and pressure in a gaseous phase were presented in par tⅠof the overview.I n partⅡ,the relationship between E-T and Kellogg diagrams or between E-T and E...E-T or log p-1/T diagrams showing the influence of temperature and pressure in a gaseous phase were presented in par tⅠof the overview.I n partⅡ,the relationship between E-T and Kellogg diagrams or between E-T and E-pH diagrams is discussed.E-T diagrams cover larger field of application than the other two.The practical use of E-T or log p-1/T diagrams is also investigated,which includes:the calculation of polycomponent equilibria in a gaseous phase,the prediction of cor rosion products,the interpretation of catalytic mechanism,the exploration for the possibility of producing aluminum with carbothermic method,etc.The limitation of this kind of diagrams is also discussed.展开更多
Phase equilibrium in the ternary CuO-PbO-Ag system has been investigated using differential thermal analysis(DTA),thermogravimetry(TG),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) techniques.In the ter...Phase equilibrium in the ternary CuO-PbO-Ag system has been investigated using differential thermal analysis(DTA),thermogravimetry(TG),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) techniques.In the ternary CuO-PbO-Ag system,there is a eutectic reaction CuO+PbO+Ag=L at 750℃ and a composition of 12.04 mol.% Ag,16.35 mol.% CuO and 71.61 mol.% PbO.Two miscibility gaps near the two binary tie lines PbO-Ag and CuO-Ag were detected. No binary or ternary compound was detected in the ternary system.SEM and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) confirm the presence of two liquid phases and the eutectic point.展开更多
The present paper contains the effects of the ammonium ion, counter ion, solvent and anion being transferred on the solid-liquid phase transfer equilibrium constant of quaternary ammonium salts. The most striking diff...The present paper contains the effects of the ammonium ion, counter ion, solvent and anion being transferred on the solid-liquid phase transfer equilibrium constant of quaternary ammonium salts. The most striking difference between solid-liquid and liquid-liquid phase transfer equilibriums is that the length of alkyl chain shows a large effect on the latter but little on the former This means that the chain length affects only the hydrophobicity, rather than the lipophilicity.Keywords Quaternary ammonium salt, Phase transfer catalysis, Equilibrium constant, Hydrophobicity, Lipophilicity展开更多
Taking Au?Cu system as an example, three discoveries and two methods were presented. First, a new way for boosting sustainable progress of systematic metal materials science (SMMS) and alloy gene engineering (AGE) is ...Taking Au?Cu system as an example, three discoveries and two methods were presented. First, a new way for boosting sustainable progress of systematic metal materials science (SMMS) and alloy gene engineering (AGE) is to establish holographic alloy positioning design (HAPD) system, of which the base consists of measurement and calculation center, SMMS center, AGE center, HAPD information center and HAPD cybernation center; Second, the resonance activating-sychro alternating mechanism of atom movement may be divided into the located and oriented diffuse modes; Third, the equilibrium and subequilibrium holographic network phase diagrams are blueprints and operable platform for researchers to discover, design, manufacture and deploy advanced alloys, which are obtained respectively by the equilibrium lever numerical method and cross point numerical method of isothermal Gibbs energy curves. As clicking each network point, the holographic information of three structure levels for the designed alloy may be readily obtained: the phase constitution and fraction, phase arranging structure and properties of organization; the composition, alloy gene arranging structure and properties of each phase and the electronic structures and properties of alloy genes. It will create a new era for network designing advanced alloys.展开更多
In order to provide the theoretical guidance for applying the neutralization method to treatment of heavy metals wastewater with high concentration of sulfate, and to better understand the mechanism of calcium sulfate...In order to provide the theoretical guidance for applying the neutralization method to treatment of heavy metals wastewater with high concentration of sulfate, and to better understand the mechanism of calcium sulfate scale formation, the equilibrium solubility data of CaSOa-Ca（OH）2-H2O system at 298.15 K were theoretically calculated via the Pitzer semi-empirical ion-interaction theory, and determined experimentally by the optical method combining with X-ray diffractometry, and the calculated and determined phase diagrams of CaSOa-Ca（OH）2-H2O system were plotted and compared. Physical definition of each area was studied, and the physical law of characteristic point and line was explained in detail. Adjusting the pH value of neutralization-hydrolysis solution depended on the SO4z- concentration in the system. And interaction characteristics between the solubilities of CaSO4（s）and Ca（OH）2（s）were found out.展开更多
T or logp1/T diagrams showing the influence of temperature and pressure in a gaseous phase were presented in part Ⅰ of the overview. In part Ⅱ, the relationship between ET and Kellogg diagrams or between ET and EPh ...T or logp1/T diagrams showing the influence of temperature and pressure in a gaseous phase were presented in part Ⅰ of the overview. In part Ⅱ, the relationship between ET and Kellogg diagrams or between ET and EPh diagrams is discussed. ET diagrams cover larger field of application than the other two. The practical use of ET or logp1/T diagrams is also investigated, which includes: the calculation of polycomponent equilibria in a gaseous phase, the prediction of corrosion products, the interpretation of catalytic mechanism, the exploration for the possibility of producing aluminum with carbothermic method, etc. The limitation of this kind of diagrams is also discussed.展开更多
The vertical sections of the La−Fe−B system were investigated using electron probe microanalysis and differential thermal analysis.Based on the microstructures and phase compositions of the as-cast and equilibrium all...The vertical sections of the La−Fe−B system were investigated using electron probe microanalysis and differential thermal analysis.Based on the microstructures and phase compositions of the as-cast and equilibrium alloys,together with their heat flow−temperature curves,phase diagrams for three vertical sections were drawn:La_(x)Fe_(82)B_(y)(x+y=18),La_(x)Fe_(70)B_(y)(x+y=30)and La_(x)Fe_(53)B_(y)(x+y=47),where x and y represent mass fraction of La and B,respectively,%.Additionally,according to the phase diagrams,the compound La2Fe14B was identified as a stable phase at high temperatures.It was found to be stable between 926.2 and 792.6℃;at low temperatures,however,it decomposed into α-La,α-Fe and LaFe_(4)B_(4),according to the reaction La_(2)Fe_(14)B→α-Fe+α-La+LaFe_(4)B_(4).展开更多
Swelling capacity of vinyl chloride (VC) in chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) with 25—40 wt% Cl at temperature 30—57℃ was studied and their relationships were correlated with Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equatio...Swelling capacity of vinyl chloride (VC) in chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) with 25—40 wt% Cl at temperature 30—57℃ was studied and their relationships were correlated with Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations. A ternary phase diagram for VC-CPE-PVC was also established. In-situ polymerization conditions of CPE-g-VC were proposed and CPE content control was analyzed for the manufacturing process of CPE-g-VC graft product based on results of phase equilibrium study.展开更多
The Collins model is introduced into the two-dimensional (2D) alternative ternary system having the Lennard-Jones (L-J) potential. The Gibbs free energy of this ternary system is calculated, and according to thermodyn...The Collins model is introduced into the two-dimensional (2D) alternative ternary system having the Lennard-Jones (L-J) potential. The Gibbs free energy of this ternary system is calculated, and according to thermodynamic theory, a group of equations that determine the solid-liquid diagram of ternary system are derived, someisothermal sectional diagrams of the 2D ternary system are obtained. The results are quite similar to the behavior ofthree-dimensional substances.展开更多
The paper presents a comprehensive critical review and detailed analysis of the literature, published in the field of the phase diagram solution Li-LiH (LiD, LiT). Special attention is paid to the completeness of the ...The paper presents a comprehensive critical review and detailed analysis of the literature, published in the field of the phase diagram solution Li-LiH (LiD, LiT). Special attention is paid to the completeness of the source information on the paper’s topic resulting in an extended reference list. Particularly, paper reviews rarely used sources including little-known publications from research centers, proceedings of the international scientific meetings and dissertations. These publications were more thoroughly analyzed in order to make the information available to the scientific society.展开更多
1 Introduction Salt lakes are widely distributed in the world,and salt lakes in China are mainly located in the area of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet),and the Autonomous Regions of Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia.There are mor...1 Introduction Salt lakes are widely distributed in the world,and salt lakes in China are mainly located in the area of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet),and the Autonomous Regions of Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia.There are more than 700salt lakes,each with an area larger than 1 km2,in the展开更多
Alloys of Mg-Zn-La system in Mg rich corner were prepared, and the phase relationship was investigated at different temperatures such as 200, 300 and 350 ℃ by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD)...Alloys of Mg-Zn-La system in Mg rich corner were prepared, and the phase relationship was investigated at different temperatures such as 200, 300 and 350 ℃ by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electron probe microanalysis with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EPMA). Two types of phase equilibrium were identified at the different temperatures. One is two-phase equilibrium contained the Mg solid solution and T-phase. The other is three-phase equilibrium which contained the Mg solid solution, MgZn phase and T-phase. T-phase was stable as the temperature changed. The La content in T-phase is constant which is about 8±0.3% (atom fraction); but the Mg content and Zn content of that is changed, and the Zn content in T-phase was from 16.1% to 44%. The solubility of La in MgZn phase was increased from 1.2% to 1.6% as the temperature increasing from 200 to 350 ℃.展开更多
Experimental studies on the solubility, density, refractive index, and pH value in the aqueous system containing potassium, magnesium, and borate at 308.15 K were determined with the method of isothermal dissolution e...Experimental studies on the solubility, density, refractive index, and pH value in the aqueous system containing potassium, magnesium, and borate at 308.15 K were determined with the method of isothermal dissolution equilibrium. Based on the experimental results, the diagrams of solubility, density, refractive index, and pH value in this system were plotted. We found that there were one eutectic point and two crystallization regions corresponding to the large area of inderite (L + Mg2B6O11·15H2O) and the relatively small area of potassium borate tetrahydrate (L + K2B4O7 ·4H2O), respectively. Neither double salt nor solid solution was found in this system. The physicochemical properties (density, refractive index, and pH value) in solution at 308.15 K changed regularly with increasing potassium borate concentration. The calculated values of density and refractive index using empirical equations of the aqueous system were in good agreement with the experimental values.展开更多
蚀变分带和成矿机制的准确厘定是建立斑岩成矿模型与找矿预测的关键。本文以新生代金沙江-哀牢山成矿带的玉龙斑岩铜矿为例,通过质量作用定律(LMA)和吉布斯自由能最小化模型(GEM),构建含矿热液与斑岩侵入体的pH-f O 2相图和动态传输模型...蚀变分带和成矿机制的准确厘定是建立斑岩成矿模型与找矿预测的关键。本文以新生代金沙江-哀牢山成矿带的玉龙斑岩铜矿为例,通过质量作用定律(LMA)和吉布斯自由能最小化模型(GEM),构建含矿热液与斑岩侵入体的pH-f O 2相图和动态传输模型,以揭示蚀变分带成因和金属成矿机制。LMA与GEM结果显示初始成矿流体pH值为4.7,logf_(O2)=-23.0(ΔFMQ=+2.7),且溶解Cu含量为1138×10^(-6),Mo为1.2×10^(-6)。研究表明,当该酸性及强氧化性流体流入二长花岗斑岩体时,在温度为450~360℃范围内,代表钾硅酸盐化蚀变的钾长石、黑云母、硬石膏、赤铁矿和磁铁矿的矿物逐渐沉淀,且与钾硅酸盐化蚀变相关流体具有较高pH值(5.0~7.0)和氧逸度(ΔFMQ=+2.9~+3.6)特征;当温度在360~320℃范围时,代表青磐岩化蚀变阶段的典型矿物如绿帘石、铁绿泥石和斜绿泥石等逐渐形成,流体pH值(5.0~6.4)和氧逸度(ΔFMQ=+1.1)均有所下降;当温度进一步从320℃下降到200℃时,流体pH值(5.0~5.7)进一步小幅下降,而氧逸度则(ΔFMQ=+1.7)略有回升,在此期间,绢云母和方解石等开始沉淀并形成典型的绢英岩化蚀变。此外,以HMoO_(4)^(-)和MoO_(4)^(2-)为载体的Mo在狭窄高温区间(450~370℃)内沉淀,而以CuCl(CuCl_(4)^(3-)、CuCl_(2)^(-)、CuCl)为主要载体的Cu则在在中、高温(450~300℃)范围中沉淀。通过利用LMA反演及GEM正演相结合定量化地刻画了玉龙斑岩铜矿水岩反应过程,由此揭示了斑岩矿床蚀变分带是逐渐冷却的单一岩浆热液与斑岩体不断反应的结果,且不同温度窗口对应着钾硅酸盐化(450~360℃)、青磐岩化(360~320℃)和绢英岩化(320~200℃)蚀变矿物的形成,故含矿流体温度的快速下降可能是玉龙铜矿蚀变叠加的重要因素。此外,Cu、Mo络合离子溶解度对温度变化的差异响应,导致了Mo矿化主要发育于靠近斑岩体的高温区域,而Cu则以网脉状-浸染状叠加到Mo矿化之上,并广泛分布于斑岩体周边的高-中温区域。展开更多
基金Project(51071181)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2013FJ4043)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
文摘Taking AuCu3-type sublattice system as an example, three discoveries have been presented: First, the third barrier hindering the progress in metal materials science is that researchers have got used to recognizing experimental phenomena of alloy phase transitions during extremely slow variation in temperature by equilibrium thinking mode and then taking erroneous knowledge of experimental phenomena as selected information for establishing Gibbs energy function and so-called equilibrium phase diagram. Second, the equilibrium holographic network phase diagrams of AuCu3-type sublattice system may be used to describe systematic correlativity of the composition?temperature-dependent alloy gene arranging structures and complete thermodynamic properties, and to be a standard for studying experimental subequilibrium order-disorder transition. Third, the equilibrium transition of each alloy is a homogeneous single-phase rather than a heterogeneous two-phase, and there exists a single-phase boundary curve without two-phase region of the ordered and disordered phases; the composition and temperature of the top point on the phase-boundary curve are far away from the ones of the critical point of the AuCu3 compound.
基金Project(51071181)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2013FJ4043)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
文摘Taking Au3Cu-type sublattice system as an example, three discoveries have been presented. First, the fourth barrier to hinder the progress of metal materials science is that today’s researchers do not understand that the Gibbs energy function of an alloy phase should be derived from Gibbs energy partition function constructed of alloy gene sequence and their Gibbs energy sequence. Second, the six rules for establishing alloy gene Gibbs energy partition function have been discovered, and it has been specially proved that the probabilities of structure units occupied at the Gibbs energy levels in the degeneracy factor for calculating configuration entropy should be degenerated as ones of component atoms occupied at the lattice points. Third, the main characteristics unexpected by today’s researchers are as follows. There exists a single-phase boundary curve without two-phase region coexisting by the ordered and disordered phases. The composition and temperature of the top point on the phase-boundary curve are far away from those of the critical point of the Au3Cu compound; At 0 K, the composition of the lowest point on the composition-dependent Gibbs energy curve is notably deviated from that of the Au3Cu compounds. The theoretical limit composition range of long range ordered Au3Cu-type alloys is determined by the first jumping order degree.
基金Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21276194 and 21306136)Key Laboratory of Salt Lake Resources and Chemistry at Chinese Academy Sciences (KLSLRC-KF-13-HX-2)Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry (201206)
文摘1 Introduction The brines with high concentrations of magnesium and boron resources are widely distributed in the Qaidam Basin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau,China(Zheng&Tang,1988).Although some works on the ternary system
文摘A special method based on the local equilibrium principle has been introduced in the research of the phase diagram of Mn-MnO system.With this method,the problems of volatilization of Mn and the corrosion of Mn and MnO to refractory materials were prevented efficiently.The solubility of oxygen in Mn and the composition of the interface between MnO and Mn were determined.Partial phase diagram of Mn-MnO system were constructed according to pres- ent experimental results.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong province.
文摘E-T or log p-1/T diagrams showing the influence of temperature and pressure in a gaseous phase were presented in par tⅠof the overview.I n partⅡ,the relationship between E-T and Kellogg diagrams or between E-T and E-pH diagrams is discussed.E-T diagrams cover larger field of application than the other two.The practical use of E-T or log p-1/T diagrams is also investigated,which includes:the calculation of polycomponent equilibria in a gaseous phase,the prediction of cor rosion products,the interpretation of catalytic mechanism,the exploration for the possibility of producing aluminum with carbothermic method,etc.The limitation of this kind of diagrams is also discussed.
文摘Phase equilibrium in the ternary CuO-PbO-Ag system has been investigated using differential thermal analysis(DTA),thermogravimetry(TG),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) techniques.In the ternary CuO-PbO-Ag system,there is a eutectic reaction CuO+PbO+Ag=L at 750℃ and a composition of 12.04 mol.% Ag,16.35 mol.% CuO and 71.61 mol.% PbO.Two miscibility gaps near the two binary tie lines PbO-Ag and CuO-Ag were detected. No binary or ternary compound was detected in the ternary system.SEM and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) confirm the presence of two liquid phases and the eutectic point.
文摘The present paper contains the effects of the ammonium ion, counter ion, solvent and anion being transferred on the solid-liquid phase transfer equilibrium constant of quaternary ammonium salts. The most striking difference between solid-liquid and liquid-liquid phase transfer equilibriums is that the length of alkyl chain shows a large effect on the latter but little on the former This means that the chain length affects only the hydrophobicity, rather than the lipophilicity.Keywords Quaternary ammonium salt, Phase transfer catalysis, Equilibrium constant, Hydrophobicity, Lipophilicity
基金Project(51071181)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2013FJ4043)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China
文摘Taking Au?Cu system as an example, three discoveries and two methods were presented. First, a new way for boosting sustainable progress of systematic metal materials science (SMMS) and alloy gene engineering (AGE) is to establish holographic alloy positioning design (HAPD) system, of which the base consists of measurement and calculation center, SMMS center, AGE center, HAPD information center and HAPD cybernation center; Second, the resonance activating-sychro alternating mechanism of atom movement may be divided into the located and oriented diffuse modes; Third, the equilibrium and subequilibrium holographic network phase diagrams are blueprints and operable platform for researchers to discover, design, manufacture and deploy advanced alloys, which are obtained respectively by the equilibrium lever numerical method and cross point numerical method of isothermal Gibbs energy curves. As clicking each network point, the holographic information of three structure levels for the designed alloy may be readily obtained: the phase constitution and fraction, phase arranging structure and properties of organization; the composition, alloy gene arranging structure and properties of each phase and the electronic structures and properties of alloy genes. It will create a new era for network designing advanced alloys.
基金Project (50925417) supported by the Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists of ChinaProject (50830301) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (2009ZX07212-001-01) supported by Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment
文摘In order to provide the theoretical guidance for applying the neutralization method to treatment of heavy metals wastewater with high concentration of sulfate, and to better understand the mechanism of calcium sulfate scale formation, the equilibrium solubility data of CaSOa-Ca（OH）2-H2O system at 298.15 K were theoretically calculated via the Pitzer semi-empirical ion-interaction theory, and determined experimentally by the optical method combining with X-ray diffractometry, and the calculated and determined phase diagrams of CaSOa-Ca（OH）2-H2O system were plotted and compared. Physical definition of each area was studied, and the physical law of characteristic point and line was explained in detail. Adjusting the pH value of neutralization-hydrolysis solution depended on the SO4z- concentration in the system. And interaction characteristics between the solubilities of CaSO4（s）and Ca（OH）2（s）were found out.
文摘T or logp1/T diagrams showing the influence of temperature and pressure in a gaseous phase were presented in part Ⅰ of the overview. In part Ⅱ, the relationship between ET and Kellogg diagrams or between ET and EPh diagrams is discussed. ET diagrams cover larger field of application than the other two. The practical use of ET or logp1/T diagrams is also investigated, which includes: the calculation of polycomponent equilibria in a gaseous phase, the prediction of corrosion products, the interpretation of catalytic mechanism, the exploration for the possibility of producing aluminum with carbothermic method, etc. The limitation of this kind of diagrams is also discussed.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51761007)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation,China(Nos.2019GXNSFAA245003,2018GXNSFAA294069,2020GXNSFFA297004,2021GXNSFDA075009)+5 种基金the Guangxi Project of Science and Technology,China(Nos.AD19110078,AA18242023-1)the Scientific Research Foundation of Guilin University of Electronic Technology,China(No.UF18016)the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials(No.2019GXYSOF08),Chinathe Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials,China(No.191012-Z)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFB0700901)financial support from the foundation for Guangxi Bagui scholars,China。
文摘The vertical sections of the La−Fe−B system were investigated using electron probe microanalysis and differential thermal analysis.Based on the microstructures and phase compositions of the as-cast and equilibrium alloys,together with their heat flow−temperature curves,phase diagrams for three vertical sections were drawn:La_(x)Fe_(82)B_(y)(x+y=18),La_(x)Fe_(70)B_(y)(x+y=30)and La_(x)Fe_(53)B_(y)(x+y=47),where x and y represent mass fraction of La and B,respectively,%.Additionally,according to the phase diagrams,the compound La2Fe14B was identified as a stable phase at high temperatures.It was found to be stable between 926.2 and 792.6℃;at low temperatures,however,it decomposed into α-La,α-Fe and LaFe_(4)B_(4),according to the reaction La_(2)Fe_(14)B→α-Fe+α-La+LaFe_(4)B_(4).
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Swelling capacity of vinyl chloride (VC) in chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) with 25—40 wt% Cl at temperature 30—57℃ was studied and their relationships were correlated with Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations. A ternary phase diagram for VC-CPE-PVC was also established. In-situ polymerization conditions of CPE-g-VC were proposed and CPE content control was analyzed for the manufacturing process of CPE-g-VC graft product based on results of phase equilibrium study.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The Collins model is introduced into the two-dimensional (2D) alternative ternary system having the Lennard-Jones (L-J) potential. The Gibbs free energy of this ternary system is calculated, and according to thermodynamic theory, a group of equations that determine the solid-liquid diagram of ternary system are derived, someisothermal sectional diagrams of the 2D ternary system are obtained. The results are quite similar to the behavior ofthree-dimensional substances.
文摘The paper presents a comprehensive critical review and detailed analysis of the literature, published in the field of the phase diagram solution Li-LiH (LiD, LiT). Special attention is paid to the completeness of the source information on the paper’s topic resulting in an extended reference list. Particularly, paper reviews rarely used sources including little-known publications from research centers, proceedings of the international scientific meetings and dissertations. These publications were more thoroughly analyzed in order to make the information available to the scientific society.
基金Financial support from the State Key Program of NNSFC (20836009)the NNSFCs (Grants 21106136, 21276194 and 21306136)
文摘1 Introduction Salt lakes are widely distributed in the world,and salt lakes in China are mainly located in the area of the Qinghai-Xizang(Tibet),and the Autonomous Regions of Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia.There are more than 700salt lakes,each with an area larger than 1 km2,in the
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (50471025)Natural Science Foundation of Lia-oning Province (20052028)National Key Technology R &D Program(2006BAE04B09-7)
文摘Alloys of Mg-Zn-La system in Mg rich corner were prepared, and the phase relationship was investigated at different temperatures such as 200, 300 and 350 ℃ by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and electron probe microanalysis with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EPMA). Two types of phase equilibrium were identified at the different temperatures. One is two-phase equilibrium contained the Mg solid solution and T-phase. The other is three-phase equilibrium which contained the Mg solid solution, MgZn phase and T-phase. T-phase was stable as the temperature changed. The La content in T-phase is constant which is about 8±0.3% (atom fraction); but the Mg content and Zn content of that is changed, and the Zn content in T-phase was from 16.1% to 44%. The solubility of La in MgZn phase was increased from 1.2% to 1.6% as the temperature increasing from 200 to 350 ℃.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1707602,U1507109,U1607123,21773170,21106103)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(17JCYBJC19500)
文摘Experimental studies on the solubility, density, refractive index, and pH value in the aqueous system containing potassium, magnesium, and borate at 308.15 K were determined with the method of isothermal dissolution equilibrium. Based on the experimental results, the diagrams of solubility, density, refractive index, and pH value in this system were plotted. We found that there were one eutectic point and two crystallization regions corresponding to the large area of inderite (L + Mg2B6O11·15H2O) and the relatively small area of potassium borate tetrahydrate (L + K2B4O7 ·4H2O), respectively. Neither double salt nor solid solution was found in this system. The physicochemical properties (density, refractive index, and pH value) in solution at 308.15 K changed regularly with increasing potassium borate concentration. The calculated values of density and refractive index using empirical equations of the aqueous system were in good agreement with the experimental values.
文摘蚀变分带和成矿机制的准确厘定是建立斑岩成矿模型与找矿预测的关键。本文以新生代金沙江-哀牢山成矿带的玉龙斑岩铜矿为例,通过质量作用定律(LMA)和吉布斯自由能最小化模型(GEM),构建含矿热液与斑岩侵入体的pH-f O 2相图和动态传输模型,以揭示蚀变分带成因和金属成矿机制。LMA与GEM结果显示初始成矿流体pH值为4.7,logf_(O2)=-23.0(ΔFMQ=+2.7),且溶解Cu含量为1138×10^(-6),Mo为1.2×10^(-6)。研究表明,当该酸性及强氧化性流体流入二长花岗斑岩体时,在温度为450~360℃范围内,代表钾硅酸盐化蚀变的钾长石、黑云母、硬石膏、赤铁矿和磁铁矿的矿物逐渐沉淀,且与钾硅酸盐化蚀变相关流体具有较高pH值(5.0~7.0)和氧逸度(ΔFMQ=+2.9~+3.6)特征;当温度在360~320℃范围时,代表青磐岩化蚀变阶段的典型矿物如绿帘石、铁绿泥石和斜绿泥石等逐渐形成,流体pH值(5.0~6.4)和氧逸度(ΔFMQ=+1.1)均有所下降;当温度进一步从320℃下降到200℃时,流体pH值(5.0~5.7)进一步小幅下降,而氧逸度则(ΔFMQ=+1.7)略有回升,在此期间,绢云母和方解石等开始沉淀并形成典型的绢英岩化蚀变。此外,以HMoO_(4)^(-)和MoO_(4)^(2-)为载体的Mo在狭窄高温区间(450~370℃)内沉淀,而以CuCl(CuCl_(4)^(3-)、CuCl_(2)^(-)、CuCl)为主要载体的Cu则在在中、高温(450~300℃)范围中沉淀。通过利用LMA反演及GEM正演相结合定量化地刻画了玉龙斑岩铜矿水岩反应过程,由此揭示了斑岩矿床蚀变分带是逐渐冷却的单一岩浆热液与斑岩体不断反应的结果,且不同温度窗口对应着钾硅酸盐化(450~360℃)、青磐岩化(360~320℃)和绢英岩化(320~200℃)蚀变矿物的形成,故含矿流体温度的快速下降可能是玉龙铜矿蚀变叠加的重要因素。此外,Cu、Mo络合离子溶解度对温度变化的差异响应,导致了Mo矿化主要发育于靠近斑岩体的高温区域,而Cu则以网脉状-浸染状叠加到Mo矿化之上,并广泛分布于斑岩体周边的高-中温区域。
