An integrable generalization of the Fokas–Lenells equation:Darboux transformation, reduction and explicit soliton solutions

Under investigation is an integrable generalization of the Fokas–Lenells equation, which can be derived from the negative power flow of a 2 × 2 matrix spectral problem with three potentials. Based on the gauge transformation of the matrix spectral problem, one kind of Darboux transformation with multi-parameters for the three-component coupled Fokas–Lenells system is constructed. As a reduction, the N-fold Darboux transformation for the generalized Fokas–Lenells equation is obtained, from which the N-soliton solution in a compact Vandermonde-like determinant form is given. Particularly,the explicit one-and two-soliton solutions are presented and their dynamical behaviors are shown graphically.

N-Fold Darboux Transformation and Bidirectional Solitons for Whitham-Broer-Kaup Model in Shallow Water

Under investigation in this paper is the Whitham-Broer-Kaup (WBK) system, which describes the dispersive long wave in shallow water. Through a variable transformation, the WBK system is casted into a general Broer-Kaup system whose Lax pair can be derived by the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur technology. With symbolic computation, based on the aforementioned Lax pair, the N-fold Darboux transformation is constructed with a gauge transformation and the multi-soliton solutions are obtained. Finally, the elastic interactions of the two-soliton solutions (including the head-on and overtaking collisions) for the WBK system are graphically studied. Those multi-soliton collisions can beused to illustrate the bidirectional propagation of the waves in shallow water.

A Hierarchy of Nonlinear Lattice Soliton Equations and Its Darboux Transformation

A hierarchy of nonlinear lattice soliton equations is derived from a new discrete spectral problem. The Hamiltonian structure of the resulting hierarchy is constructed by using a trace identity formula. Moreover, a Darboux transformation is established with the help of gauge transformations of Lax pairs for the typical lattice soliton equations. The exact solutions are given by applying the Darboux transformation.

Darboux transformation of generalized coupled KdV soliton equation and its odd-soliton solutions

Based on the resulting Lax pairs of the generalized coupled KdV soliton equation, a new Darboux transformation with multi-parameters for the generalized coupled KdV soliton equation is derived with the help of a gauge transformation of the spectral problem. By using Darboux transformation, the generalized odd-soliton solutions of the generalized coupled KdV soliton equation are given and presented in determinant form. As an application, the first two cases are given.

DARBOUX TRANSFORMATION OF A NONLINEAR EVOLUTION EQUATION AND ITS EXPLICIT SOLUTIONS

In this paper, we study a differential-difference equation associated with discrete 3 × 3 matrix spectral problem. Based on gauge transformation of the spectral problm, Darboux transformation of the differential-difference equation is given. In order to solve the differential-difference equation, a systematic algebraic algorithm is given. As an application, explicit soliton solutions of the differential-difference equation are given.

Darboux Transformations and Soliton Solutions for Classical Boussinesq-Burgers Equation

Two basic Darboux transformations of a spectral problem associated with a classical Boussinesq-Burgersequation are presented in this letter.They are used to generate new solutions of the classical Boussinesq-Burgersequation.

Darboux Transformation and New Multi-Soliton Solutions of the Whitham-Broer-Kaup System

Through a variable transformation, the Whitham-Broer-Kaup system is transformed into a parameter Levi system. Based on the Lax pair of the parameter Levi system, the N-fold Darboux transformation with multi-parameters is constructed. Then some new explicit solutions for the Whitham-Broer-Kaup system are obtained via the given Darboux transformation.

Diverse soliton solutions and dynamical analysis of the discrete coupled mKdV equation with 4×4 Lax pair

Under consideration in this study is the discrete coupled modified Korteweg-de Vries(mKdV)equation with 4×4 Lax pair.Firstly,through using continuous limit technique,this discrete equation can be mapped to the coupled KdV and mKdV equations,which may depict the development of shallow water waves,the optical soliton propagation in cubic nonlinear media and the Alfven wave in a cold collision-free plasma.Secondly,the discrete generalized(r,N-r)-fold Darboux transformation is constructed and extended to solve this discrete coupled equation with the fourth-order linear spectral problem,from which diverse exact solutions including usual multi-soliton and semi-rational soliton solutions on the vanishing background,higher-order rational soliton and mixed hyperbolic-rational soliton solutions on the non-vanishing background are derived,and the limit states of some soliton and rational soliton solutions are analyzed by the asymptotic analysis technique.Finally,the numerical simulations are used to explore the dynamical behaviors of some exact soliton solutions.These results may be helpful for understanding some physical phenomena in fields of shallow water wave,optics,and plasma physics.

Darboux Transformation and Explicit Solutions for Discretized Modified Korteweg-de Vries Lattice Equation

The modified Korteweg-de Vries （mKdV） typed equations can be used to describe certain nonlinear phenomena in fluids, plasmas, and optics. In this paper, the discretized mKdV lattice equation is investigated. With the aid of symbolic computation, the discrete matrix spectral problem for that system is constructed. Darboux transformation for that system is established based on the resulting spectral problem. Explicit solutions are derived via the Darboux transformation. Structures of those solutions are shown graphically, which might be helpful to understand some physical processes in fluids, plasmas, and optics.

Darboux Transformation and Explicit Solutions for Drinfel'd-Sokolov-Wilson Equation

A generalized Drinfel＇d Sokolov-Wilson （DSW） equation and its Lax pair are proposed. A Daorboux transformation for the generalized DSW equation is constructed with the help of the gauge transformation between spectral problems, from which a Darboux transformation for the DSW equation is obtained through a reduction technique. As an application of the Darboux transformations, we give some explicit solutions of the generalized DSW equation and DEW equation such as rational solutions, soliton solutions, periodic solutions.

Darboux Transformations and New Explicit Solutions for a Blaszak-Marciniak Three-Field Lattice Equation

In this paper, the two different Darboux transformations for a Blaszak-Marciniak （BM） three-field lattice equation are constructed. As the applications of the obtained Darboux transformations, new explicit solutions for the BM lattice are given. We also discuss some properties for these new explicR solutions. Our analysis shows that the explicit solutions possess new characters.

Lax Pair and Darboux Transformation for a Variable-Coefficient Fifth-Order Korteweg-de Vries Equation with Symbolic Computation

In this paper, we put our focus on a variable-coe^cient fifth-order Korteweg-de Vries （fKdV） equation, which possesses a great number of excellent properties and is of current importance in physical and engineering fields. Certain constraints are worked out, which make sure the integrability of such an equation. Under those constraints, some integrable properties are derived, such as the Lax pair and Darboux transformation. Via the Darboux transformation, which is an exercisable way to generate solutions in a recursive manner, the one- and two-solitonic solutions are presented and the relevant physical applications of these solitonic structures in some fields are also pointed out.

Coupled Modified Korteweg-de Vries Lattice in （2＋1） Dimensions and Soliton Solutions

The coupled semi-discrete modified Korteweg-de Vries equation in （2＋1）-dimensions is proposed, it is shown that it, can be decomposed into two （1＋1）-dimensional differential-difference equations belonging to mKdV lattice hierarchy by considering a discrete isospeetral problem. A Darboux transformation is set up for the resulting （2＋1）- dimensional lattice soliton equation with the help of gauge transformations of Lax pairs. As an illustration by example, the soliton solutions of the mKdV lartice equation in （2＋1）-dimensions are explicitly given,

N-soliton solutions of an integrable equation studied by Qiao

In this paper, we studied N-soliton solutions of a new integrable equation studied by Qiao [J. Math. Phys. 48 082701 （2007）]. Firstly, we employed the Darboux matrix method to construct a Darboux transformation for the modified Korteweg-de Vries equation. Then we use the Darboux transformation and a transformation, introduced by Sakovich [J. Math. Phys. 52 023509 （2011）], to derive N-soliton solutions of the new integrable equation from the seed solution. In particular, the multiple soliton solutions are explicitly obtained and shown through some figures.

N-soliton solution of a coupled integrable dispersionless equation

A new coupled integrable dispersionless equation is presented by considering a spectral problem. A Darboux transformation for the resulting coupled integrable dispersionless equation is constructed with the help of spectral problems. As an application, the N-soliton solution of the coupled integrable dispersionless equation is explicitly given.

Painlevé Analysis and Darboux Transformation for a Variable-Coefficient Boussinesq System in Fluid Dynamics with Symbolic Computation

The new soliton solutions for the variable-coefficient Boussinesq system, whose applications are seen influid dynamics, are studied in this paper with symbolic computation. First, the Painleve analysis is used to investigateits integrability properties. For the identified case we give, the Lax pair of the system is found, and then the Darbouxtransformation is constructed. At last, some new soliton solutions are presented via the Darboux method. Those solutionsmight be of some value in fluid dynamics.

New Multi-soliton Solutions for the (2+1)-Dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili Equation

In this paper, an explicit N-fold Darboux transformation with multi-parameters for both a （1＋1）- dimensional Broer-Kaup （BK） equation and a （1＋1）-dimensional high-order Broer-Kaup equation is constructed with the help of a gauge transformation of their spectral problems. By using the Darboux transformation and new basic solutions of the spectral problems, 2N-soliton solutions of the BK equation, the high-order BK equation, and the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili （KP） equation are obtained.

Peregrine Rogue Waves Generated by the Interaction and Degeneration of Soliton-Like Solutions: Derivative Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation

We study the Peregrine rogue waves within the framework of Derivative Nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which is used to describe the propagation of Alfven waves in plasma physics and sub-picosecond or femtosecond pulses in nonlinear optics. The interaction and degeneration of two soliton-like solutions and its relations for the breather solution have been analyzed. The Peregrine rogue waves have been considered from the two kinds of formation processes: it can be generated through the limitation of the infinitely large period of the breather solutions, and it can be interpreted as the soliton-like solutions with different polarities. As a special example, a special Peregrine rogue wave is generated by a breather solution and phase solution, which is given by the trivial seed (zero solution).

N-Fold Darboux Transformation for a Nonlinear Evolution Equation

In this paper, we present a N-fold Darboux transformation (DT) for a nonlinear evolution equation. Comparing with other types of DTs, we give the relationship between new solutions and the trivial solution. The DT presented in this paper is more direct and universal to obtain explicit solutions.

Darboux transformation,infinite conservation laws,and exact solutions for the nonlocal Hirota equation with variable coefficients

This article presents the construction of a nonlocal Hirota equation with variable coefficients and its Darboux transformation.Using zero-seed solutions,1-soliton and 2-soliton solutions of the equation are constructed through the Darboux transformation,along with the expression for N-soliton solutions.Influence of coefficients that are taken as a function of time instead of a constant,i.e.,coefficient functionδ(t),on the solutions is investigated by choosing the coefficient functionδ(t),and the dynamics of the solutions are analyzed.This article utilizes the Lax pair to construct infinite conservation laws and extends it to nonlocal equations.The study of infinite conservation laws for nonlocal equations holds significant implications for the integrability of nonlocal equations.