Buxu Tongyu Granule Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia by Activating Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Soluble Guanylate Cyclase to Inhibit Abnormal Vasomotion

Myocardial ischemia is a serious threat to human health,and vascular dysfunction is its main cause.Buxu Tongyu(BXTY)Granule is an effective traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for treating myocardial ischemia.However,the underlying mechanism of BXTY is still unclear.In this study,we demonstrate that BXTY ameliorates myocardial ischemia by activating the soluble guanylate cyclase(sGC)-30,50-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)-protein kinase G(PKG)signaling pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)to dilate the arteries.BXTY was given by gavage for ten consecutive days before establishing an animal model of acute myocardial ischemia in mice via the intraperitoneal injection of pituitrin.The results showed that BXTY alleviated the symptoms of myocardial ischemia induced by pituitrin in mice,including electrocardiogram abnormalities and changes in plasma enzymes.In addition,BXTY dilated pre-constricted blood vessels and inhibited the vasoconstriction of the superior mesenteric artery in a dose-dependent but endothelial-independent manner.These effects were eliminated by preincubating vascular rings with the sGC inhibitors NS 2028 or ODQ,or with the PKG inhibitor KT 5823.Moreover,BXTY increased the protein expression of sGC-b1 and the intracellular second messenger cGMP level in mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells(MOVAs).NS 2028 or ODQ reversed these effects of BXTY.The expression level of the cGMP downstream effector protein PKG-1 increased after treating MOVAs with BXTY.NS 2028,ODQ,or KT 5823 also reversed this effect of BXTY.In conclusion,BXTY can improve the symptoms of acute myocardial ischemia in mice,and activating the sGC-cGMP-PKG pathway in VSMCs to induce vasodilation is its key pharmacodynamic mechanism.

Experimental verification of nanonization enhanced solubility for poorly soluble optoelectronic molecules

Solubility enhancement has been a priority to overcome poor solubility with optoelectronic molecules for solution-processable devices. This study aims to obtain experimental data on the effect of particle sizes on the solubility properties of several typical optoelectronic molecules in organic solvents, including the solubility results of 1,3-bis(9-carbazolyl)benzene(m CP), 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)ben zene(TPBi) and 2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-(4-biphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole(PBD) in ethanol and acetonitrile,respectively. Nanoparticles of m CP, TPBi and PBD with sizes from dozens to several hundred nanometers were prepared by solvent antisolvent precipitation method and their solubility were determined by using isothermal saturation method. The saturation solubility of nanoparticles of three kinds of optoelectronic molecules exhibited increase of 12.9%-25.7% in comparison to the same raw materials in the form of microparticles. The experimental evidence indicates that nanonization technology is a feasible way to make optoelectronic molecules dissolve in liquids with enhanced solubility.

Quantification of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors in experimental and clinical samples using the nanobody-based ELISA

To ensure proper dosage of a drug,analytical quantification of it in biofluid is necessary.Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry(LC-MS)is the conventional method of choice as it permits accurate identification and quantification.However,it requires expensive instrumentation and is not appropriate for bedside use.Using soluble epoxide hydrolase(sEH)inhibitors(EC5026 and TPPU)as examples,we report development of a nanobody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)for such small molecules and its use to accurately quantify the drug chemicals in human samples.Under optimized conditions,two nanobody-based ELISAs were successfully established for EC5026 and TPPU with low limits of detection of 0.085 ng/mL and 0.31 ng/mL,respectively,and two order of magnitude linear ranges with high precision and accuracy.The assay was designed to detect parent and two biologically active metabolites in the investigation of a new drug candidate EC5026.In addition,the ELISAs displayed excellent correlation with LC-MS analysis and evaluation of inhibitory potency.The results indicate that nanobody-based ELISA methods can efficiently analyze drug like compounds.These methods could be easily implemented by the bedside,in the field in remote areas or in veterinary practice.This work illustrates that nanobody based assays offer alternative and supplementary analytical tools to mass spectrometry for monitoring small molecule medicines during clinical development and therapy.Attributes of nanobody based pharmaceutical assays are discussed.

HLA-G14bp插入/缺失多态性与1型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的探讨湖北汉族糖尿病患者HLA-G14bp插入/缺失多态性与1型糖尿病易感性的相关性。方法采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异引物(PCR-SSP)方法,对湖北地区70例汉族1型糖尿病患者和100例正常对照者进行HLA-G14bp基因的插入/缺失位点检测,并对各基因型与临床症状的相关性进行分析。结果HLA-G14bp插入/缺失多态性在健康者和1型糖尿病患者均显示Hardy-Weinberg平衡;1型糖尿病患者与健康对照组比较,HLA-G14bp+/+、+/-及-/-基因型存在显著性差异(P<0.05);HLA-G14bp的插入/缺失位点在不同的病程中无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论在湖北地区汉族人群中,HLA-G14bp插入/缺失多态性可能与1型糖尿病疾病易感性相关。

Eukaryotic expression, purification and activity characterization of human soluble DSG2 extracellular domain protein

Objective:To construct a secretory eukaryotic expression vector of DSG2 fused with the Fc region of the human IgG,to validate its expression in 293T cells,and to purify the secretory protein with biological activity.Methods:The DSG2 extracellular domain fragment gene(DSG2ex),was amplified by PCR,and was inserted into the eukaryotic expression plasmid pCMV3-IgG1 to construct the recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid-pCMV3-DSG2ex-IgG1.The successfully constructed eukaryotic expression plasmid was transfected into 293T cells to express and secrete DSG2 extracellular domain protein.The targeted protein was purified from the cell culture supernatant by Protein A affinity chromatography and confirmed by Western Blotting and ELISA.Results:The pCMV3-DSG2ex-IgG1 eukaryotic expression plasmid was successfully constructed.The highest protein expression level was obtained with 293T cells after 96 h of transfection.The relative molecular mass of the purified product was between 100 and 130 kDa was estimated by SDS-PAGE,which was consistent with the expectation.The yield of the purified protein reached 0.8 mg/ml with a purity over 90%.The purified DSG2 extracellular domain protein with IgG1 tag was recognized by IgG monoclonal antibodies by Western blotting.Moreover,the ELISA results showed that the prepared DSG2 extracellular domain protein had significant binding activity to human type 55 adenovirus Fiber Knob protein(HAdV-55).Conclusion:A simple and efficient method for eukaryotic expression and purification of human soluble DSG2 extracellular domain protein was successfully established,and biologically active DSG2 extracellular domain protein was purified,which laid the foundation for the later study of its protein function and anti-adenovirus drugs.

Elevated soluble fas blood concentrations in patients dying from spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

BACKGROUND Several studies of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage(SICH)patients have shown apoptotic changes in brain samples after hematoma evacuation.However,there have been no data on the association between blood concentrations of soluble fas(sFas)(the main surface death receptor of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway)and the prognosis of spontaneous intracranial hypotension(SIH)patients.AIM To determine whether there is an association between blood sFas concentrations and SICH patient mortality.METHODS We included patients with severe and supratentorial SIH.Severe was defined as having Glasgow Coma Scale<9.We determined serum sFas concentrations at the time of severe SICH diagnosis.RESULTS We found that non-surviving patients(n=36)compared to surviving patients(n=39)had higher ICH score(P=0.001),higher midline shift(P=0.004),higher serum sFas concentrations(P<0.001),and lower rate of early hematoma evacuation(P=0.04).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed an association between serum sFas concentrations and 30-d mortality(odds ratio=1.070;95%confidence interval=1.014-1.129;P=0.01)controlling for ICH score,midline shift,and early hematoma evacuation.CONCLUSION The association of blood sFas concentrations and SICH patient mortality is a novel finding in our study.

人类白细胞抗原G(HLA-G)与非小细胞肺癌的研究进展

人类白细胞抗原G(HLA-G)属于非经典主要组织相容性复合体Ⅰb(MHCⅠb)类分子,包括膜结合型和可溶性HLA-G两种形式,通过相应受体调节多种免疫细胞的功能,是形成母胎耐受、肿瘤免疫逃逸的重要免疫学机制之一。非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)在肺癌中占比最高且预后差,研究发现HLA-G的基因多态性及表达水平与NSCLC发生发展密切相关,提示HLA-G可作为NSCLC早期诊断、亚型区分、治疗及预后等潜在的生物标志物,具有辅助诊断依据的临床价值,对其机制的深入研究更可能提供NSCLC诊疗的新策略。

HLA-G 3′UTR基因多态性及血清可溶性HLA-G水平与儿童诺如病毒感染的相关性研究

目的探讨人类白细胞抗原-G(HLA-G)3′非翻译区(3′UTR)基因多态性(SNP)及血清可溶性HLA-G(sHLA-G)水平与儿童诺如病毒感染的相关性。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月新乡医学院第一附属医院收治的346例诺如病毒感染患儿作为病例组,另选取同期320例健康体检儿童作为对照组,留取所有研究对象全血标本并提取DNA。采用聚合酶链反应扩增HLA-G 3′UTR基因,产物外送测序。使用SNPstats在线分析软件计算两组间SNP位点基因型和等位基因分布频率。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测病例组和对照组血清sHLA-G水平。结果病例组和对照组HLA-G 3′UTR 14 bp+/-和+3142 C/G基因型和等位基因分布频率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病例组血清sHLA-G水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);诺如病毒不同程度感染组血清sHLA-G水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。病例组和对照组14 bp+/-基因型和+3142 C/G基因型对应的血清sHLA-G水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论HLA-G 3′UTR SNP与诺如病毒感染的易感性无关。血清sHLA-G水平对诺如病毒感染早期诊断有较好的预测价值,可能是一种新的血清生物标志物,与患者病情严重程度及预后的关联尚需进一步验证。

先兆流产患者保胎结局影响因素及与血清sHLA-G、ACA水平关系

目的:探索先兆流产患者保胎结局的影响因素,并分析其与血清可溶性人白细胞抗原-G(sHLA-G)、抗心磷脂抗体(ACA)的关系。方法:回顾性收集2021年6月-2023年6月本院收治的80例先兆流产患者临床资料,根据保胎结局分为保胎失败组与保胎成功组,对比两组一般资料,酶联免疫吸附法检测两组sHLA-G、ACA水平,经单因素及Pearson相关性分析法探讨先兆流产保胎结局的影响因素及与血清sHLA-G、ACA水平关系。结果:两组年龄、既往流产史、合并阴道炎、生殖道感染、妊娠期糖尿病、接触有毒化学物质等方面有差异;保胎失败组sHLA-G(7.43±1.20 U/ml)水平低于保胎成功组(50.14±4.56 U/ml),ACA阳性率(74.1%)高于保胎成功组(20.8%)(均P<0.05)。logistic回归分析,高龄、既往流产史、合并阴道炎、生殖道感染、妊娠期糖尿病、接触有毒化学物质、sHLA-G水平低、ACA阳性率高均是影响先兆流产患者保胎结局的重要因素;Pearson相关性分析,年龄、既往流产史、合并阴道炎、生殖道感染、妊娠期糖尿病、接触有毒化学物质与血清sHLA-G水平呈负相关,与ACA阳性率呈正相关(均P<0.05)。结论:先兆流产患者保胎结局可能与高龄、既往流产史、合并阴道炎、生殖道感染、妊娠期糖尿病、接触有毒化学物质、sHLA-G水平及ACA阳性率有关,临床可针对上述因素给予密切关注,并通过监测sHLA-G水平及ACA阳性率的变化来指导临床早期干预,以确保母婴安全。

Anti-tumor Effect and Protective Effect on Chemotherapeutic Damage of Water Soluble Extracts from Hedyotis diffusa

Bai-Hua-She-She-Cao Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (Ru-biaceae) is a medicinal herbwidely distributed in northeast Asian countries. In traditional Chinese medicine, it has the effectof 'clearing away heat and toxic material, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis'.It is a well known Chinese folk-medicine used for the treatment of appendicitis, sore throat, mumps,acne, sebo-rheic dermatitis and various kinds of tumors, such as tumors of digestive tract,carcinoma of liver. It was reported that the MeOH extract of H. diffusa demonstrated a significantantitumor activity and ursolic acid succeeded in being isolated from the MeOH extract as an activecomponent . Shan BN, et al suggested that the direct aqueous extract of H. diffusa hadimmuno-modulating activity and antitumor activity in vitro through stimulating the immune system tokill or engulf tumor cells. But regarding anti-tumor activity in vivo of water soluble extracts fromH. diffusa, no detail was reported. Therefore, we prepared water soluble extracts (H_1 and H_2)from H. diffusa and evaluated their anti-tumor property in vivo experiments as well as protectiveeffect on chemo-therapeutic damage.

IVF-ET胚胎培养液中sHLA-G、MMP-9与胚胎质量及临床妊娠关系

目的:分析体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)胚胎培养液中可溶性人类白细胞抗原G(sHLA-G)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-9)与胚胎质量、临床妊娠的关系。方法:收集2017年1月-2023年1月在本院生殖中心接受IVF-ET治疗的女性患者107例临床资料及标本,新鲜胚胎移植后收集胚胎培养液,分别取未移植的正常受精胚胎中优质胚胎、中等胚胎、劣质胚胎对应胚胎培养液,酶联免疫吸附实验检测胚胎培养液中sHLA-G、MMP-9水平,比较不同胚胎质量对应的胚胎培养液sHLA-G、MMP-9水平及其相关性;记录IVF-ET患者临床妊娠情况并分为临床妊娠组、未妊娠组,比较两组胚胎培养液中的sHLA-G、MMP-9水平及其他临床资料,logistic回归分析胚胎培养液中sHLA-G、MMP-9水平与临床妊娠关系。结果:107例未移植的正常受精胚胎中共收集127份胚胎培养液标本,其中优质胚胎培养液44份、中等胚胎培养液52份、劣质胚胎培养液30份,其胚胎培养液sHLA-G、MMP-9水平逐渐降低,胚胎培养液sHLA-G、MMP-9水平与胚胎质量正相关(均P<0.01)。107例IVF-ET获得临床妊娠69例,临床妊娠率64.6%,未妊娠组胚胎培养液sHLA-G(8.11±1.63 ng/ml)、MMP-9水平(0.45±0.17 ng/ml)均低于临床妊娠组(10.63±2.41 ng/ml、0.61±0.12 ng/ml),第三日卵裂球数(6.0±1.8个)、优质胚胎率(45.6±12.1)%低于临床妊娠组(8.9±1.8个、64.8%±15.9%)(均P<0.05);logistic回归分析,sHLA-G、MMP-9、第三日卵裂球数、优质胚胎率等均是影响IVF-ET患者临床妊娠因素。结论:IVF-ET患者胚胎培养液中sHLA-G、MMP-9水平与胚胎质量正相关,sHLA-G、MMP-9、第三日卵裂球数、优质胚胎率等降低均是IVF-ET患者临床妊娠影响因素。

Effects of Cold Acclimation and CaCl_2 on Total Soluble Protein, CaM and Freezing Resistance of Populus tomentosa Seedlings

Populus tomentosa seedlings used for cold acclimation at -3℃ were pretreated with or without 10?mmol·L -1 CaCl 2, 3?mmol·L -1 of Ca 2+ chelator EGTA, 0 1?mmol·L -1 of Ca 2+ channel inhibitor LaCl 3,and 0 05?mmol·L -1 of CaM antagonist CPZ. The changes in the contents of total soluble protein and CaM, and freezing resistance in all pretreated seedlings in various periods ( viz: following cold acclimation, chilling stress and recovery) were investigated. Results showed that cold acclimation increased the contents of total soluble protein and CaM, and freezing resistance of seedlings, which could be strongly reduced by the pretreatments of EGTA CPZ and LaCl 3 Cold acclimation combined with CaCl 2 pretreatment enhanced the effect of cold acclimation on freezing resistance, and obviously increased the contents of total soluble protein and CaM, reduced the declining degree of the contents of total soluble protein and CaM caused by chilling stress as compared with cold acclimation, augmented the increase in the level of total soluble protein and CaM during the recovery periods. Further analysis found that an increase in total soluble protein content during cold acclimation with or without CaCl 2 pretreatment mainly resulted from the increase in content of heat stable protein in total soluble protein. It is suggested that Ca 2+ calmodulin may be involved in the synthesis of total soluble protein, and the induction of freezing resistance of seedlings.

Cold Acclimation-Induced Changes in Total Soluble Protein, RNA, DNA, RNase and Freezing Resistance in Populus tomentosa Cuttings

The changes in the contents of total soluble protein and RNA, the activity of RNase in leaves and branches of Populus tomentosa cuttings at various periods (viz: cold acclimation, deacclimation, chilling stress and the recovery after chilling stress), and the survival rate and the freezing resistance of cuttings during cold acclimation at -3℃ were investigated. Results showed that cold acclimation not only increased the contents of total soluble protein and RNA, the survival rates and the freezing resistance of cuttings, decreased the activity of RNase, but also reduced the declining degree of total soluble protein and RNA contents, and the increasing level of RNase caused by chilling stress as compared with the controls. In addition, cold acclimation augmented the increase in the level of total soluble protein and RNA, and facilitated the decrease of RNase during the recovery periods. Further analysis found that the DNA content of all treatments kept relative stability at various periods. The changes in total soluble protein, RNA and RNase were closely related to the freezing resistance of cuttings. It appears that the increase of RNA content caused by cold acclimation induced decrease of RNase activity may be involved in the accumulation of total soluble protein and the induction of freezing resistance of cuttings.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Water-Soluble Dyes by LaCoO_3

Pervoskite type oxides LaCoO 3 was prepared by citrate method with the granula of 20 nm-30 nm. With a fluorescent Hg lamp or sunlight as irradiator, the degradation experiments of various water soluble dyes were carried out in the suspension system of LaCoO 3 . The results show that the pervoskite type oxide LaCoO 3 has good photocatalytic activity.Studied by X ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoacoustic spectra, its photocatalytic activity is found to be related with factors such as the d electron structure of ion Co 3+ ,Co—O binding energy and adsorbed oxygen on the surface etc.

Extraction Efficiency of Soil Soluble Nitrogen under Different Conditions

[Objective] The extraction efficiency of soluble nitrogen in common moun- tain red soil under different conditions was analyzed to provide experimental refer- ences for the extraction of soil soluble nitrogen. [Method] The fresh soil and air-dried soil, which were the common mountain red soil under evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation, were used as the experimental materials. The 2 mol/L KCI and 0.5 mol/L K2SO4 were used as the extractants to extract the soil soluble nitrogen with the extractant-to-soil volume ratio at 4：1, 6：1 and 10：1, respectively, to examine the extrac- tion efficiency of soluble nitrogen in the experimental soil with different extraction conditions. [Result] Compared with K2SO4, the NH4＋-N extracted by KCI was better in quantity and stability; while only at high extractant-to-soil volume ratio could K2SO4 fully extract the soil NH4＋-N. The 2 extractants showed small difference in extracting NO3--N, but at low extractant-to-soil volume ratio, the stability of NO3--N extracted by KCI was higher than that extracted by K2SO4. The properties of NO2- -N extracted by the 2 extractants were very similar. As for soil SON extraction, there was small dif- ference between the 2 extractants. However, the SON extracted by KCI was fewer in quantity than that by K2SO4, but had higher stability, and the extracted SON amount of the 2 extractants showed significant correlation. The extractant-to-soil ratio had little effect on MBN extraction using K2SO4, but the effect was significant when using KCI to extract MBN. The difference between the extraction efficiency of KCI and K^SO4 in extracting fresh soils was greater than that in extracting air-dried soil; therefore, the extractants should be carefully selected in soluble nitrogen extraction from fresh soil. [Conclusion] The results lay the experimental foundation for improving the extraction efficiency of soil soluble nitrogen and increasing the comparability of measurement results.

Elementary study of differential expression of total soluble proteins in different life phases of Porphyra yezoensis

Total soluble proteins of different life stages, filamentous sporophytes cultivated in high temperatures, and blade gametophytes harvested in different seasons, were identified by SDS-PAGE. The types and amounts of expressed proteins also varied amongst the samples. The fewest soluble proteins were present in filamentous sporophytes. There were more types and amounts of soluble protein in conchospores than in filamentous sporophytes, but fewer than in bulgy sporophytes. More types of protein were detected in filamentous sporophytes cultivated in high temperatures than in those growing in normal situations. The most types and amounts of protein were found in blade gametophytes in all samples. Blade gametophytes harvested last year and stored at -20 ℃ showed only minor differences in expression of proteins when compared with those harvested in different seasons.

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Soluble Sugar,Starch and Root Tissue Structure of the Peach Trees

[Objective] The research aimed to provide theoretical basis for the cultivation and production of peach.[Method] The three-year-old seedling peach tree was used as the materials,and NH4NO3 was used as the experimental nitrogen fertilizer.Three nitrogen levels,0,3,6 g per pot respectively were set to study the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer on the contents of soluble sugar,starch and internal structure of the root of the peaches.[Result] The contents of soluble sugar of roots and leaves increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level,and the level of 6 g per pot was the highest,which showed extreme differences between the level of 3 g per pot and the control.However,starch contents showed opposite results,which decreased as the level of nitrogen fertilizer increased.Compared with the 3 g per pot level of nitrogen fertilizer and the control,the internal structure of root applied with nitrogen fertilizer of 6 g per pot level had larger fibrovascularcylinder,advanced vascular bundle,small-spaced thin-walled cells,smooth and full cells with smooth cell wall.[Conclusion]Appropriate nitrogen levels can accelerate the accumulation of soluble sugar and the growth of root tissue structure.

Soluble organic nitrogen in forest soils of northeast China

Soluble organic nitrogen （SON） is recognized as a sensitive indicator of soil nitrogen status. The present work was conducted in the temperate forests of northeast China where soils are typically characterized by high organic matter and high organic nitrogen content, and soil sampling was made in early spring just after the freeze-thaw period. The water extracted SON pools in the organic layer of forest soils were measured within the range from 156.0 mg·kg^-1 to 292.6 mg·kg^-1, a similar magnitude of salt solution extracted SON pools reported in literatures. However, the water soluble SON pools in 0-15 cm mineral soils in present study were much higher （3-10 times） than any other reports, ranging from 58.6 mg·kg^-1 to 125.2 mg·kg^-1. Water soluble SON varied markedly among the soils under different forests and at different sites. The SON in water extracts were positively and significantly correlated to soil organic matter and total nitrogen contents, but negatively correlated to microbial biomass nitrogen （MBN）. The reasons of the abnormally large SON pools and the negative correlations between SON and MBN in the 0-15cm mineral soils in this study were specially discussed.

A study of the properties of hydrophobically associating water-soluble polymers used in drilling fluids

Hydrophobically associating water-soluble polymers (HPAP) have been synthesized from acrylamide(AM), acrylate (AA), 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and hydrophobic monomer (AP) in aqueous solution by radical polymerization. New polymer drilling fluids are made up of HPAP, which is used as viscosifiers and encapsulation agents. Properties of this system are reported in this paper. Results indicate that this system has a high value of yield point to plastic viscosity (YP/PV≥0.7), high viscosity at a low-shear rate (LSRV≥30000mPa·s), excellent shear thinning behavior, good solid-carrying behavior, resistance to shear, good thermal stability (as high as 140℃) and salt resistance. The system has excellent behavior in high-density solution of NaCl and in calcium and magnesium rich saline solutions. Hence, HPAP also can be used in saltwater polymer drilling fluids.

Solvent de binding of water soluble binder in powder injection moulding

The solvent debinding of water soluble binder in powder injection moulding (MIM) was investigated systematically, including the effects of solvent types, temperature and the thickness of green parts on the solvent debinding rate. After studying the debinding of a green part with a thickness of 4.26 mm, it was found that, the debinding rate of polyethylene glycol(PEG) in water and alcohol was high initially, and then decreased; however, it would increase with temperature increasing. At room temperature, the dissolution rate of PEG in water was higher than that in alcohol, but the latter would be much faster with temperature increasing because the debinding activation energy in alcohol was 51.44 kJ·mol -1 ·K -1 , much higher than 24.23 kJ·mol -1 ·K -1 in water. With a green part thickness larger than 4.26 mm, the debinding was controlled by diffusion; but with that smaller than 2.36 mm, the debinding was controlled by both dissolution and diffusion.