Solvent extraction of crude oil from oilseeds is widely applied for its high production capacity and low cost. In this process, solvent recovery and tail gas treatment are usually performed by adsorption, paraffin scr...Solvent extraction of crude oil from oilseeds is widely applied for its high production capacity and low cost. In this process, solvent recovery and tail gas treatment are usually performed by adsorption, paraffin scrubbing, or even cryogenics (at low tail gas flow rates). Membrane separation, which has a lower energy consumption than these techniques, spans a broad range of admissible concentrations and flow rates, and is moreover easily combined with other techniques. Vapor recompression has potentials to reduce the heat loss in association with distillation and evaporation. In this study, we proved the possibility of combining membrane separation and vapor recompression to improve the conventional vegetable oil production, by both experiments and process simulation. Nearly 73% of energy can be saved in the process of vegetable oil extraction by the novel processing approach. By further environmental assessment, several impact categories show that the optimized process is environmentally sustainable.展开更多
Liaohe super-heavy crude oil was separated into its components, namely saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA), by the group separation method. Several solvents were used to extract different forms of m...Liaohe super-heavy crude oil was separated into its components, namely saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA), by the group separation method. Several solvents were used to extract different forms of metallic elements from crude oil. The metallic elements, such as calcium, nickel, iron and manganese, in crude oil, SARA and extract samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The results demonstrate that the contents of calcium, nickel, iron, and manganese gradually increase in saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes, suggesting that the abundance of the four metallic elements in asphaltenes is much higher than that in the other groups. For example, the content of calcium in asphaltenes reaches a maximum of 7,920 pg/g. Among the SARA components of Liaohe super-heavy crude oil, resins account for more than 50 wt%, suggesting that the total amount of the four metallic elements are higher in the resin component than in other components. The four metallic elements mainly exist in the form of organic metallic compounds in crude oil. Further analysis shows that calcium and manganese elements exist mainly as metal salts of petroleum acids, and the majority of the iron and all the nickel exist mainly as metalloporphyrin and non-metalloporphyrin compounds.展开更多
油页岩的萃取物中含有多种脂肪烃、芳香烃和含N,O,S杂原子化合物,为了提高页岩油的利用价值,需要将混合物分离。通过萃取、尿素络合分离,柱层析分离等方法达到萃取物组分族分离的目的。在温和条件下对油页岩进行了甲醇溶剂萃取,对萃取...油页岩的萃取物中含有多种脂肪烃、芳香烃和含N,O,S杂原子化合物,为了提高页岩油的利用价值,需要将混合物分离。通过萃取、尿素络合分离,柱层析分离等方法达到萃取物组分族分离的目的。在温和条件下对油页岩进行了甲醇溶剂萃取,对萃取液原样采取尿素络合法,分离出了正构烷烃,并得到尿素络合法的分离工艺条件为:尿素质量13 g、乙醇体积30 m L、反应温度30℃、反应时间90 min。用硅胶柱色谱分离络合后的其他物质,分别采用正己烷、苯、甲醇3种不同淋洗液淋洗,得到10个组分的混合物。用正己烷淋洗的接收液为烷烃类;用苯淋洗的接收液中,含有苯环结构的化合物;用甲醇淋洗的接收液,含有醚类物质和氨基等杂原子化合物。展开更多
对印尼PT.Karunia Alam Indonesia公司的KBK和LWL两个油砂矿的油砂进行分离研究,实验结果表明:KBK和LWL的油砂热碱水水洗抽提分离效果较差,利用"萃取+水洗"两部分离工艺进行油砂分离试验效果很好,油砂油的收率分别达到96.9%和...对印尼PT.Karunia Alam Indonesia公司的KBK和LWL两个油砂矿的油砂进行分离研究,实验结果表明:KBK和LWL的油砂热碱水水洗抽提分离效果较差,利用"萃取+水洗"两部分离工艺进行油砂分离试验效果很好,油砂油的收率分别达到96.9%和97.81%,尾砂满足国家排放标准。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program, Grant Nos. 2013CB733600 and 2012CB72520), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21390202 and 21436002).
文摘Solvent extraction of crude oil from oilseeds is widely applied for its high production capacity and low cost. In this process, solvent recovery and tail gas treatment are usually performed by adsorption, paraffin scrubbing, or even cryogenics (at low tail gas flow rates). Membrane separation, which has a lower energy consumption than these techniques, spans a broad range of admissible concentrations and flow rates, and is moreover easily combined with other techniques. Vapor recompression has potentials to reduce the heat loss in association with distillation and evaporation. In this study, we proved the possibility of combining membrane separation and vapor recompression to improve the conventional vegetable oil production, by both experiments and process simulation. Nearly 73% of energy can be saved in the process of vegetable oil extraction by the novel processing approach. By further environmental assessment, several impact categories show that the optimized process is environmentally sustainable.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20576075 and 21206194)
文摘Liaohe super-heavy crude oil was separated into its components, namely saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA), by the group separation method. Several solvents were used to extract different forms of metallic elements from crude oil. The metallic elements, such as calcium, nickel, iron and manganese, in crude oil, SARA and extract samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The results demonstrate that the contents of calcium, nickel, iron, and manganese gradually increase in saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes, suggesting that the abundance of the four metallic elements in asphaltenes is much higher than that in the other groups. For example, the content of calcium in asphaltenes reaches a maximum of 7,920 pg/g. Among the SARA components of Liaohe super-heavy crude oil, resins account for more than 50 wt%, suggesting that the total amount of the four metallic elements are higher in the resin component than in other components. The four metallic elements mainly exist in the form of organic metallic compounds in crude oil. Further analysis shows that calcium and manganese elements exist mainly as metal salts of petroleum acids, and the majority of the iron and all the nickel exist mainly as metalloporphyrin and non-metalloporphyrin compounds.
文摘油页岩的萃取物中含有多种脂肪烃、芳香烃和含N,O,S杂原子化合物,为了提高页岩油的利用价值,需要将混合物分离。通过萃取、尿素络合分离,柱层析分离等方法达到萃取物组分族分离的目的。在温和条件下对油页岩进行了甲醇溶剂萃取,对萃取液原样采取尿素络合法,分离出了正构烷烃,并得到尿素络合法的分离工艺条件为:尿素质量13 g、乙醇体积30 m L、反应温度30℃、反应时间90 min。用硅胶柱色谱分离络合后的其他物质,分别采用正己烷、苯、甲醇3种不同淋洗液淋洗,得到10个组分的混合物。用正己烷淋洗的接收液为烷烃类;用苯淋洗的接收液中,含有苯环结构的化合物;用甲醇淋洗的接收液,含有醚类物质和氨基等杂原子化合物。