Experimental Study of Emilia Sonchifolia Combined with Coptidis Rhizoma for the Prevention and Treatment of Oral Ulcer

Objective: This paper aims to investigate the therapeutic effect of the combination of Emilia Sonchifolia and Coptidis Rhizoma on oral ulcer rats. Methods: 36 SD rats of half male and half female were kept for 7 days, and 6 rats among them were selected as normal group by random sampling method, and the rest rats were randomly divided into model group, positive control group, Emilia Sonchifolia group, Coptidis Rhizoma group and combined group after the establishment of oral ulcer model. The normal group and model group were given blank film, the positive control group was given Guilin Watermelon Frost, and the Emilia Sonchifolia group, Coptidis Rhizoma group and combined group were given the corresponding oral film, which was administered to the ulcer for 7 days continuously, 2 times per day. The healing of oral ulcer was assessed at the end of the last day of administration, and the ulcer area was calculated on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th days after successful modeling, and the serum levels of IL-2 and TNF-α in rats were detected by Emilia Sonchifolia. Results: The grading of ulcer healing in the positive control group and the combined group was better than the other groups, and the difference was statistically significant when compared with the model group (p Coptidis Rhizoma group, Emilia Sonchifolia group, combined group and positive control group was smaller than that in the model group, and the difference was statistically significant (p Emilia Sonchifolia group, Coptidis Rhizoma group and combined group were all effective in reducing the area of oral ulcer, among which the combined group was more effective. The level of pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α was reduced and the level of anti-inflammatory factor IL-2 was increased in the Emilia Sonchifolia group, Coptidis Rhizoma group and combined group, and the difference was statistically significant (p Conclusion: The combination of Coptidis Rhizoma and Emilia Sonchifolia is effective in the treatment of oral ulcer in rats, and the effect of the combination is better than that of the drug alone.

抱茎苦荬菜Ixeris sonchifolia Hance的化学成分研究

从菊科植物抱茎苦荬菜ＩｘｅｒｉｓｓｏｎｃｈｉｆｏｌｉａＨａｎｃｅ全草中分得东莨菪素（ｓｃｏｐｏｌｅｔｉｎ），木犀草素（ｌｕ－ｔｅｏｌｉｎ），芹菜素（ａｐｉｇｅｎｉｎ），（Ｅ）－２，５－二羟基桂皮酸［（Ｅ）－２，５－ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｃｉｎｎａｍｉｃａｃｉｄ］，邻苯二甲酸双－（２－乙基）己酯［ｂｉｓ－（２－ｅｔｈｙｌｈｅｘｙｌ）ｐｈｔｈａｌａｔｅ］，（＋）－丁香脂素［（＋）－ｓｙｒｉｎｇａｒｅｎｓｉｎｏｌ］，对羟基苯甲醛（ｐ－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｂｅｎ－ｚａｌｄｅｈｙｄｅ），１，４－苯二甲醇（１，４－ｂｅｎｚｅｎｅｄｉｍｅｔｈａｎｏｌ）。抱茎苦荬菜的石油醚、氯仿、丙酮及甲醇提取物对小鼠腹水癌。

Effect of Emilia sonchifolia(Linn.)DC on alcohol- induced oxidative stress in pancreas of male albino rats

Objective:To explore the efficacy of n-hexane extract of Emilia sonchifolia(E.sonchifobia) against ethanol induced pancreatic dysfunction in the young Wistar albino rats.Methods:The rats were divided into four groups.Control rats in group I received distilled water orally,groupⅡreceived oral administration of 20%(w/v) ethanol dissolved in drinking water,groupⅢreceived oral administration of 20%(w/v) ethanol in distilled water+n-hexane extract of E.sonchifolia (250 mg/kg body weight),and groupⅣreceived oral administration of n-hexane extract of E.sonchifolia(250 mg/kg body weight) alone.Liver marker enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),pancreatic enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase. lipid peroxidation,catalase,glutathione peroxidase,non-enzymatic antioxidants glutathione and vitamin C were measured and compared.Results:Administration of 20%ethanol lor 16 weeks significantly increased the liver marker enzymes AST,ALT(P【0.05).reduced the pancreatic enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase.lipid peroxidation,catalase,glutathione peroxidase,glutathione and vitamin C(P【0.05).Histopathological examination showed that the ethanol provoked the oxidative stress which was demonstrated as pancreatic necrosis and oedema.Simultaneous administration of n-hexane extract of E.sonchifolia(250 mg/kg body weight) protected the pancreas against the damage induced by ethanol which was confirmed by the histopathological studies and the normalization of biochemical parameters.Conclusions: Thus n-hexane extract of E.sonchifolia shows a promise in therapeutic use in alcohol induced oxidative stress.

Optimization of the Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction Process for Protocatechuic Acid from Emilia sonchifolia DC by Response Surface Methodology

[Objectives] This study was conducted to optimize the extraction process of protocatechuic acid from Emilia sonchifolia DC. [Methods] The optimal extraction conditions were determined by single factor,response surface analysis and variance analysis,and the content of protocatechuic acid was determined by HPLC. [Results] The protocatechuic acid standard curve equation was: y = 1 435 x + 8 403,R^2= 0. 999 8,indicating a good linear relationship. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: a temperature at 80 ℃,an extraction time of 1 h,a material-to-liquid ratio at 1:10 and an ultrasonic power of 600 W,and the content of protocatechuic acid extracted was 1. 93 mg/g. The method showed a RSD of 0. 41%,less than 2%,and the detection limit was 0. 0000047261 g/ml.The experimental sample X1 was the low-level 0. 1 mg/ml standard solution,which showed recovery of protocatechuic acid between 100.8% and 105.2%,with a RSD of 0. 013%;and the sample X2 was the high-level 1. 0 mg/ml standard solution,which exhibited recovery between 100. 6% and 102. 2%,with a RSD of 0.076%. Thus,the recovery was high,and the requirements of the performance index were met. [Conclusions] The detection method is stable and reliable and can produce satisfactory results.

Computational Stimulation and Experimental Study on Corrosion Inhibition Qualities of <i>Emilia sonchifolia</i>Leaf Extract for Copper (CU131729) in Hydrochloric Acid

Copper corrosion inhibition by Emilia sonchifolia (ES) leaf extract has been studied in 2 M hydrochloric acid solution using electrochemical measurement, energy dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy and surface examination techniques. Computational simulations were adopted to describe probable reactiveness of individual ES leaf constituents and mechanism of interaction with copper crystal. Results obtained from potentiodynamic polarization revealed a shift in corrosion potentials of copper (CU131729) to more positive potentials in the presence of ES leaf extract with increased effect as inhibitor concentration increased and also a decrease in both current densities suggesting a mixed type inhibitor characteristics with pronounced anodic protection. Surface elemental characterization revealed presence of the inhibitor species in the corrosion products formed on corroded CU131729 surface confirming the formation of complex chelating ligands through interactions with the metal surface. Quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations were employed to theoretically analyse the interactions of individual ES leaf constituent with copper surface at the molecular level and obtained results revealed strong and spontaneous adsorption with high binding energies which affirms observed quality inhibition action. Quantum chemical descriptors such as energy of HOMO and LUMO, energy gap, number of transferred electrons, global hardness and softness, electrophilicity, and interaction energy were computed and discussed.

Effects of Ixeris Sonchifolia on Platelet Function and Hemorrheology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Objective: To observe the effects of Ixeris sonchifolia Hance (ISH) on platelet function and hemorrheology in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Methods: Thirty-three type 2 DM patients were treated with 20 ml ISH per day, intravenously dripping for 15 days; 31 patients in the red sage treated group were treated with composite red sage injection intravenous dripping for 15 days, and their changes of platelet membrane glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa compound (GPⅡb/Ⅲa), granular membrane protein-140 (GMP-140), platelet aggregation rate (PAgR) and hemorrheology were observed. Results: After treatment with ISH, the GPⅡb/Ⅲa compound positive rate of 33 type 2 DM patients were lowered (P<0.05), GMP-140 showed lowering trend, PAgR obviously reduced, and compared with before treatment it showed significant difference; comparison between the two groups after treatment,it showed significant difference (P<0.05, P<0.01). At the same time, the various parameters of hemorrheology displayed significant improvement. There was no adverse effect during the course of treatment. Conclusion: ISH could improve platelet function and abnormal hemorrheology of type 2 DM patients, which is vital for the treatment of DM and their vascular lesion.

不同烹饪方式对一点红抗氧化活性的影响

为了探究不同烹饪方式对一点红抗氧化活性的影响,分别采用9种不同烹饪方式(漂烫0.5 min、漂烫1.5 min、漂烫2.5 min、煮制5 min、煮制10 min、煮制15 min、油炒2 min、油炒4 min、油炒6 min)对其处理后测定总多酚含量、总黄酮含量、DPPH清除率、总抗氧化能力、维生素C含量、叶绿体色素含量等指标。结果表明,总多酚含量最高、总抗氧化能力最强、叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量最高的烹饪方式是油炒6 min;总黄酮含量、DPPH清除率最高的是漂烫2.5 min;维生素C含量最高的是漂烫0.5 min。主成分综合分析结果显示,综合得分排名最高的是油炒6 min。因此,油炒6 min是保留一点红最高抗氧化活性的最佳烹饪方式。

中药色谱指纹图谱潜信息特征判据研究

目的对中药色谱指纹图谱潜信息特征进行判据研究,用F和I等37个指标揭示色谱指纹图谱的潜信息特征。方法用银杏叶提取物(GBE)、银杏达莫注射液(GLED I)和苦碟子(ISH)与苦碟子注射液(ISH I)的HPLC指纹图谱进行比较研究。结果从积分信号强度、信号均化程度、分离度、指纹信息量等多方面综合评价出GBE指纹图谱好于GLED I,ISH指纹图谱好于ISH I,GBE与ISH指纹图谱基本相当。结论F和I等37个指标可客观、真实、全面地揭示中药指纹图谱的潜信息特征。

一点红黄酮成分的分析及含量测定

对一点红中黄酮类成分进行了定性分析和定量测定,结果表明,在一点红中含有黄酮、黄酮醇、二氢黄酮、二氢黄酮醇等多种黄酮类化合物,并以芦丁为标样,用分光光度法测出总黄酮含量为4.02%.

一点红黄酮类化合物分离及其抗菌性能研究

本实验采用70%的乙醇水溶液回流提取一点红中的黄酮类化合物,然后通过石油醚萃取除掉其中色素等杂质。提取物进一步通过聚酰胺薄板进行薄层色谱分析[展层剂为正丁醇:水:醋(10:5:1)],且通过聚酰胺柱进行分离纯化(洗脱液为70%乙醇水溶液)。薄层色谱分析结果(以芦丁标样为对照)以及相关的黄酮化学检识实验结果表明,一点红黄酮类化合物具有与芦丁成分相似的黄酮类化合物和较高的纯度,对金黄色葡萄球菌具有较强的抑菌作用,对大肠杆菌及枯草杆菌的抑菌效果次之。

苦碟子的化学成分

目的研究中药苦碟子的化学成分。方法将干燥药材全草经水提醇沉后，所得浸膏用水混悬，依次用等体积的石油醚（60-90℃）、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取，再利用各种柱色谱及HPLC等方法对氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取物进行分离纯化，根据理化性质和波谱数据（^1H-NMR、^13C-NMR）进行结构鉴定。结果得到7个化合物，分别鉴定为1-呋喃甲酸（1）、香草醛（2）、原儿茶醛（3）、dehydrovomifoliol（4）、loliolide（5）、3-（4＇-羟基-3＇-甲氧基苯基）-1-丙醇（6）、lirioresinol-A（7）。结论以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。

超声波提取抱茎苦荬菜总黄酮工艺的研究

以抱茎苦荬菜全草为原料,在单因素实验基础上,以乙醇浓度、超声时间、超声功率、料液比4因素进行正交实验,优化超声波提取抱茎苦荬菜内总黄酮物质的提取工艺.在实验影响因素中,影响程度从大到小依次为超声波功率>乙醇浓度>料液比>超声提取时间.实验结果表明,抱茎苦荬菜全草中黄酮类物质的最佳提取条件为:7.72mol/L乙醇,料液比1∶20,超声功率400W,在50℃提取60min,连续提取2次,总黄酮得率高达1.102%.

苦碟子联合阿托伐他汀对不稳定型心绞痛患者血脂影响研究

目的观察苦碟子注射液联合阿托伐他汀对不稳定型心绞痛患者血脂的影响。方法选取辽宁医学院附属第一医院2009年5月—2010年5月心内科住院的200例不稳定型心绞痛患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组98例和治疗组102例。对照组给予阿托伐他汀调脂、阿司匹林及硝酸酯类等常规治疗,治疗组在阿托伐他汀治疗基础上给予10%葡萄糖注射液150 ml(或0.9%氯化钠注射液150 ml)加苦碟子注射液40 ml静脉滴注,1次/d,疗程为14 d。两组均于治疗前后测定血总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,并测定血液流变学指标。结果 (1)血脂比较:治疗组TC、TG、LDL-C水平较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05);HDL-C水平较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05)。对照组TC、LDL-C水平较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05),HDL-C水平较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05)。治疗后两组以上指标间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)血液流变学比较:与治疗前比较,两组全血比黏度、血浆比黏度均明显降低(P<0.05);治疗后两组全血比黏度、血浆比黏度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论苦碟子联合阿托伐他汀治疗不稳定型心绞痛,降脂效果优于单独阿托伐他汀治疗。

抱茎苦荬菜水溶性成分的分离与结构鉴定

从抱茎苦荬菜的水溶性成分分离得到5个化合物,根据理化性质和光谱数据分别鉴定为木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(1),木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖1→2葡萄糖苷(2),芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷(3),菊苣酸(4),(-)3,4-二羟基咖啡酰基酒石酸(5)。化合物3～5为首次从该植物中分离得到。

抱茎苦荬菜化学成分研究

目的研究抱茎苦荬菜的化学成分。方法硅胶柱色谱分离纯化,化学及波谱方法进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到12个化合物,经理化及波谱数据分析鉴定为:正二十六醇(Ⅰ),β-香树脂醇(Ⅱ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅲ),齐墩果酸(Ⅳ),α-香树脂醇(Ⅴ),8-desoxyartelin(Ⅵ),11β,13-dihydrosantamarine(Ⅶ),3β-hydroxy-11β,13-dihydrocostunolide(Ⅷ),ixerisosideE(Ⅸ),8-epidesacylcinaropicringlucoside(Ⅹ),色胺(Ⅺ),尿嘧啶核苷(Ⅻ)。结论其中化合物Ⅰ,Ⅶ,Ⅷ,Ⅸ,Ⅹ,Ⅺ,Ⅻ为首次从该植物中得到,化合物Ⅰ,Ⅷ,Ⅺ,Ⅻ为首次从该属中分得。

抱茎苦荬菜化学成分的研究

目的 研究抱茎苦荬菜 Ixeris sonchifolia全草的化学成分。方法 利用各种色谱技术进行分离纯化 ,通过理化方法及光谱 (IR,ESI- MS,1 HNMR,1 3CNMR,HMQC和 HMBC)分析鉴定其化学结构。结果 从抱茎苦荬菜全草的氯仿提取物中分离得到 6个化合物 ,分别鉴定为 :蒲公英烷 - 2 0 -烯 - 3β,16 α-二羟基 - 3-乙酯 (taraxaster- 2 0 - en-3β,16 α- diol- 3- acetate, ) ,蒲公英甾醇乙酯 (taraxasteryl acetate, ) ,(E) - 2 ,5 -二羟基桂皮酸 [(E) - 2 ,5 - dihydroxycinnamic acid, ],本犀草素 (luteolin, ) ,棕榈酸 (palmitic acid, )和β-谷甾醇 (β- sitosterol, )。结论 化合物 为新化合物 ,

一点红总黄酮的提取及对羟自由基的清除作用研究

目的探讨一点红总黄酮的提取、鉴别及对羟自由基清除作用,以充分利用一点红植物资源,避免资源的浪费。方法采用超声波乙醇浸提法从一点红中提取黄酮类物质,对所提取的黄酮类物质进行验证,并用分光光度法测定含量,用一点红总黄酮对羟自由基清除作用进行试验。结果测得样品中总黄酮的含量C=0.816 8 mg/ml,回收率为100%,其纯度和产率均较高。结论该方法采用全物理过程,无任何污染,是提取一点红黄酮类物质的有效途径。一点红总黄酮提取液对Fenton体系产生的.OH自由基有很好的清除作用。

苦碟子水提取液对大鼠离体胸主动脉环的舒张作用

目的研究苦碟子的内皮依赖性血管舒张作用,并探讨其可能机制。方法采用大鼠离体主动脉环灌流模型,观察累积浓度苦碟子对基础状态、去氧肾上腺素(PE)和氯化钾(KCl)预收缩的内皮完整血管环和去内皮血管环的舒张作用。结果苦碟子水提取液(苦碟子注射液,相当于含苦碟子原材料0.01～10g.L-1)对基础状态的内皮完整血管环和去内皮血管环的张力无影响。对PE预收缩的内皮完整血管环,苦碟子在累积浓度0.03～10g.L-1呈浓度依赖性舒张作用,分别用一氧化氮合酶抑制剂左旋硝基精氨酸甲酯(0.1mmol.L-1)和鸟苷酸环化酶抑制剂亚甲蓝(10μmol.L-1)预处理,此作用被抑制,用环氧合酶抑制剂吲哚美辛(10μmol.L-1)预处理亦被抑制。对KCl预收缩的内皮完整血管环和对PE或KCl预收缩的去内皮血管环,苦碟子在累积浓度0.01～10g.L-1无明显舒缩作用。结论苦碟子(0.03～10g.L-1)对主动脉具有内皮依赖性舒张作用。该作用可能是通过血管内皮细胞一氧化氮-鸟苷酸环化酶途径和血管内皮细胞环氧合酶途径介导的。

苦碟子对大鼠胸主动脉的收缩作用及其机制

目的：研究苦碟子对大鼠离体胸主动脉环的收缩作用，并探讨其可能机制。方法：采用大鼠离体主动脉环灌流模型，观察累积质量浓度苦碟子（10-160g·L^-1）对基础状态、苯肾上腺素（PE）和氯化钾（KCl）预收缩的内皮完整以及去内皮血管环的作用。同时以血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂卡托普利、内皮素转换酶抑制剂磷阿米酮、环氧化酶抑制剂吲哚美辛对内皮完整主动脉环预处理，然后以PE和KCl预收缩，并观察苦碟子对它们的作用，实验结果以“相对收缩力”表示。结果：苦碟子（10～160g·L^-1）对基础状态的内皮完整和去内皮血管环的张力无影响。对PE或KCl预收缩的内皮完整血管环，苦碟子在累积质量浓度（20～160g·L^-1）时能增强血管环的收缩作用，此作用可被卡托普利预处理所抑制，但不能被磷阿米酮及吲哚美辛预处理所抑制。苦碟子对PE或KCl预收缩的去内皮血管环无增强收缩的作用。结论：苦碟子（20—160g·L^-1）对主动脉具有内皮依赖性收缩作用，其收缩机制可能为增强血管紧张素转换酶的活性，促进血管内皮合成血管紧张素Ⅱ，与内皮素和血栓烷A2的作用无关。