Surface Roughness Modification of Free Standing Single Crystal Silicon Microstructures Using KrF Excimer Laser Treatment for Mechanical Performance Improvement

Single crystal silicon freestanding structures for tensile and fatigue testing were treated with KrF excimer laser to improve surface roughness and accordingly mechanical performance. Sample thickness was 5 μm. Localized laser treatment was successful in eliminating the scallops developed during Bosch process and in reducing surface roughness. Harsh irradiation at laser energies up to 4 J/cm2 was only possible due to localized treatment without significant vibrations occurring on the freestanding samples that led to fracture in preliminary experiments at energies as low as 0.16 J/cm2. Finite element analysis was used to investigate the temperature distribution on the irradiated structures. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy were also used to assess surface roughness, crystallinity changes and surface stresses developing on surfaces subjected to perpendicular laser irradiation. At a high energy (3.2 J/cm2) the top surface showed a decrease of roughness compared to fabricated samples. Raman spectroscopy showed the dominance of crystalline silicon after laser irradiation. The effects of laser energy, number of

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Modified Non- Traumatic Filling Technology in the Treatment of Pediatric Dental Caries

Objective:To analyze the effectiveness of modified non-traumatic filling technology in the treatment of pediatric dental caries.Methods:Ninety-seven children with dental caries who were treated in our hospital(Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Center of Guangzhou)from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups,with 48 cases in the experimental group and 49 in the control group.The experimental group was treated with modified non-traumatic filling techniques,while the control group was treated with conventional filling techniques.Observation indicators such as the total effectiveness of the treatment,incidence of adverse events,treatment compliance,and pain scores were analyzed after the intervention.Result:After intervention,the total effectiveness of the treatment in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse events in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The treatment compliance of patients in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The pain score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of modified non-traumatic filling technology in the treatment of pediatric dental caries showed good therapeutic outcomes.After the intervention,the child’s symptoms were significantly alleviated,the incidence of adverse events such as filling material falling off was reduced,their compliance was improved,and the pain was relieved.This procedure is worth to be promoted for clinical application.

Performance of a Horizontal Flow Constructed Reed Bed Filter for Municipal Wastewater Treatment: The Case Study of the Prototype Installed at Gaston Berger University, Saint-Louis, Senegal

In Saint-Louis, Senegal, a constructed wetland with horizontal flow reed beds (FHa and FHb) has demonstrated significant efficacy in treating municipal wastewater. Analyzing various treatment stages, the system showed only a slight temperature variation, from an influent average of 26.3°C to an effluent of 24.7°C. Electrical conductivity decreased from 1331 mS/cm to 974.5 mS/cm post-primary treatment, with suspended solids (SS) dramatically reduced from 718.9 mg/L to 5.7 mg/L in the final effluent. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) saw a notable decrease, from initial levels of 655.6 mg/L and 1240 mg/L to 2.3 mg/L and 71.3 mg/L, respectively. Nitrogenous compounds (N-TN) and phosphates () also decreased significantly, indicating the system’s nutrient removal capacity. Microbiological analysis revealed a reduction in fecal coliforms from 7.5 Ulog/100ml to 1.8 Ulog/100ml and a complete elimination of helminth eggs. The presence of Phragmites and Typha was instrumental in enhancing these reductions. The system’s compliance with the Senegalese standards for disposal into natural environments, WHO recommendations for unrestricted water reuse in irrigation, and the European legislation for water reuse was established. The effluent quality met the stringent criteria for various classes of agricultural reuse, illustrating the system’s potential for sustainable water management. This wetland model presents a robust solution for water-stressed regions, ensuring environmental protection while supporting agricultural needs. The study calls for ongoing research to further refine the system for optimal, reliable wastewater treatment and water resource sustainability.

Oocyte quality improvement using a herbal medicine comprising 7 crude drugs

Maternal age is a significant factor in infertility treatment. Ovarian function and oocyte quality decrease with age, whereas the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities increases. In this study, improvement of oocyte quality and ovarian function were attempted using a herbal medicine comprising 7 crude drugs:Angelicae radix,Rehmanniae radix,Plantaginis semen,Lonicerae flos,Carthami flos,Ginseng radix, andCucurbita moschata Duch. Thirty-one women who repeatedly failed to conceive by intracytoplasmic sperm injection took the herbal medicine before breakfast and dinner from the start of menstrual cycle in the ovum pickup cycle. Average patient age was 38.5 ± 0.7 years, and the average ovum pickup frequency on the first dosage day was 7.9 ± 1.5. To analyze the effects of herbal medicine intake, the number of recovered and mature oocytes, their morphology and physical qualities, as well as the rates of fertilization, oocyte development, and pregnancy was compared before and after intake. The recovered and mature oocyte numbers, oocyte morphology and physical qualities, and fertilization rate were not significantly different before and after drug intake. However, the oocyte development rate was significantly higher(58.0%) after herbal medicine intake than before (32.5%;p = 0.0003). Moreover, the successful pregnancy rate was significantly higher after intake than before (6.9% versus 0%;p = 0.0111). Herbal medicine may constitute a useful adjunct to assisted reproductive technology in women.

TBI Technique Improvements for Anesthetized Pediatric Patients Based on Near-Miss Incident Reporting

Purpose: To share our clinical experience of an optimized and comprehensive pediatric TBI technique. Methods and Materials: Through the use of incident learning, safety-critical areas were identified in our procedure for total body irradiation (TBI) for pediatric patients under anesthesia for bone-marrow transplant. The previous procedure lacked flexibility to accommodate various requests from the anesthesia team due to the wide range of patient sizes. To address this issue and to improve the process overall, we updated our procedure for TBI simulation, dosimetry planning, patient setup during treatment, and in vivo dosimetry. A simulation form was redesigned with additional detailed instructions and documentation requirements. The dose calculation procedure was reformulated to remove dependence on setup variations. Tissue compensation determination and therefore dose uniformity were improved by introducing rigorous calculation methods. Calculations were performed on 28 previously-treated patients to compare the dose uniformity using the new versus previous methods. Results: The new procedures improve interdepartmental communication, simplify the workflow, decrease the risk of treating patients in a setup that differs from that used during the simulation, and reduce dose heterogeneity. The new compensator design significantly improved patient dose uniformity: 0.8% ± 0.4% (new method) vs. 4.2% ± 2.3% (previous method) (p Conclusion: A near-miss incident reporting system was used to improve the safety and quality of pediatric TBI procedures under anesthesia.

广西大新红黏土工程地质特性及路基处治措施

研究目的:红黏土因其特殊的工程性质,容易引起边坡出现裂隙、垮塌、不均匀沉降等病害,对工程质量、安全、造价造成极大影响。本文对红黏土进行详细室内土工试验,分析研究红黏土的物理力学性特征,从而为红黏土边坡防护及填料利用提供相应的处治措施建议,以指导工程实践。研究结论:(1)该地区红黏土显示出高含水率、高饱和度、高孔隙比、高液限、高塑性、压缩性较小、黏聚力高、弱~中膨胀性的特征;(2)随深度增加,含水率、液限、孔隙比、液性指数、压缩系数逐渐增大,而黏聚力、压缩模量逐步降低,形成上硬下软的特征;(3)对红黏土路堑,提出采用“缓边坡、宽平台、固坡脚”的设计原则;(4)针对红黏土填料,提出根据击实后50 kPa下膨胀总率判定填料膨胀性,采取包边、加筋、设置垫层、无机结合料改良处治后用于路基填料;(5)本研究成果对广西红黏土地区勘察设计具有一定的参考价值。

职能部门多学科联合诊疗提升医疗质量的实践路径——以浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院为例

医疗质量安全是公立医院高质量发展的基础和前提,多学科联合诊疗(multi-disciplinary treatment,MDT)理念对于医院职能部门协同开展医疗质量管理实践具有重要价值。浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院创新探索符合儿童医院自身特色的质量管理模式,构建职能部门医疗质量MDT实践路径,形成临床科室主动发起会诊,各职能部门多方协同双向互动,精准发现并解决问题,持续追踪并反馈改进的闭环管理流程。该模式实施后,全院医疗质量安全水平全面提升,主要表现为科室一级质控能力增强,绩效考核核心指标优化,患者满意度显著提升,对促进医院高质量发展具有深远意义。

垃圾渗滤液污水处理设备的臭氧投加复合抗扰控制

垃圾渗滤液污水处理设备中的臭氧投加系统具有大时滞、大惯性和多扰动的特点,导致难以实时调整臭氧投加量,从而影响后续设备出水水质。针对以上问题,在水流量比例的控制方面提出一种基于扰动观测器的改进型Smith预估器与滑模控制相结合的复合抗扰控制。其中,滑模控制为主控制器,扰动观测器用于估计出系统的集总扰动并反馈至前向通道消除扰动的不利影响,以便于Smith预估器更好地进行时滞补偿。仿真和实验结果表明,复合抗扰控制相较于PID控制和自抗扰控制具有更好的控制性能和抑制扰动的能力,能够有效提高垃圾渗滤液污水处理设备的出水水质。

The Study of Handle Improvement of Low Quality Cashmere

To improve low quality cashmere (sheep cashmere) has received special attention. This report shows how the sheep cashmere fabrics can be modified for an extremely soft handle similar to high quality cashmere to meet par-ticular market requirements. This enables the sheep cashmere fiber to be used in a much broader range of products. In order to get very soft handle products, the most effective processes are to give a chlorination pre-treatment followed by the polyurethane and the aminosil-icone treatments under suitable conditions.

高密度建成区污水治理提升规划与实施体系研究

污水处理提质增效是存量规划背景下城市更新的重要内容,是改善城市人居生态环境的有效路径。结合城市可持续发展、高质量发展的新要求,以厦门市思明区为研究对象,提出了排水现状排查和数字化的技术方法,探索总结了高密度建成区“溯源排查、正本清源、排水管理进小区”污水治理提升规划模式。借助“多规合一”的国土空间规划体系,针对性地提出技术标准、实施细则和政策规章等配套措施,建立了污水治理系统“智慧型”信息管理平台,构建了完善的规划实施体系,有效统筹了高密度建成区污水治理的“规划、建设、管理”三大环节,为新时期推动污水治理体系和治理能力现代化提供新思路。

标准化急诊预检分诊对急诊胸痛患者救治效果的研究

目的评估标准化急诊预检分诊模式在急诊胸痛患者中的应用效果。方法选择2023年2—5月福建省泉州市第一医院城东院区急诊科接诊的50例急性胸痛患者为对照组,2023年6—9月福建省泉州市第一医院城东院区急诊科接诊的50例急性胸痛患者为研究组。对照组采用传统急诊预检分诊方法,研究组采用基于改良早期预警评分系统(modified early warning score,MEWS)的标准化急诊预检分诊模式。比较2组患者急诊处理时间、急性冠脉综合征患者首次医疗接触到球囊开通时间(first medical contact to balloon,FMC-to-B)、进入医院大门至球囊开通时间(door to ballon,D-to-B)、不良事件发生情况。结果研究组预检分诊时间[(2.2±0.5)min vs.(3.6±1.4)min]、首份心电图时间[(6.1±1.9)min vs.(8.9±2.6)min]、床旁即时检测完成时间[(21.4±3.2)min vs.(30.6±6.8)min]、急诊科停留时间[(40.2±7.6)min vs.(54.6±11.8)min]均短于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组急性冠脉综合征患者FMC-to-B[(50.4±9.3)min vs.(71.3±14.7)min]与D-to-B[(78.6±11.7)min vs.(106.9±15.4)min]短于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组心力衰竭、休克、心律失常累计发生率低于对照组(10.0%vs.28.0%,P<0.05)。结论基于MEWS的标准化急诊预检分诊模式可提升急性胸痛救治效率,改善患者预后。

面向造纸污水处理的故障诊断复合算法研究

故障诊断是保障系统稳定性与安全性的关键节点。在造纸污水处理过程中,系统硬件设备由于长期处于恶劣环境极易引发系统故障,因此准确诊断故障以避免不可挽回的损失至关重要。基于此,针对造纸污水处理过程的特点,以主成分分析技术提取故障主元而明确故障诊断模型输入量,以粒子群优化算法优化机器学习算法支持向量机而构成故障诊断复合算法,由此搭建了面向造纸污水处理的故障诊断模型,并进行了仿真分析。结果发现,面向造纸污水处理的故障诊断复合算法正确率可达96.9%,且稳定性与鲁棒性较高,可广泛推广至多工业污水处理领域。

高寒地区污水厂升级改造中技术分析及应用

北方某县级污水厂原设计规模为1.0×10^(4)m^(3)/d,原有CASS工艺难以满足水量增倍、排放标准由《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级B标准提标至一级A标准的要求。在现有工程的基础上,将原有的CASS工艺改造为改良AO工艺+磁混凝多效沉淀系统,实现了出水水质稳定达到一级A标准,高寒气温下稳定的脱氮效率。该提标改造方式具有不需扩大占地、原有土建改动小、出水效果好等优势,减少工程投资和运行成本,可为高寒地区污水厂的升级改造提供参考。

矿用对旋主通风机周向槽机匣处理扩稳机理研究

为了提高对旋风机的稳定裕度,采用数值模拟方法,将周向单槽机匣处理技术应用于FBCDZ-No20型对旋风机的扩稳,探究了周向槽的轴向位置对风机气动性能和扩稳能力的影响。研究表明:对前级叶轮进行周向单槽机匣处理,可以提高对旋风机的稳定裕度,且周向单槽的轴向位置对风机的气动性能和扩稳能力均具有影响;当周向单槽位于前级叶片的前缘和25%叶顶轴向弦长时,风机可以获得可观的稳定裕度提高量,但峰值效率损失较大;当周向单槽分别位于50%、75%的叶顶轴向弦长和尾缘时,扩稳效果逐渐减弱,相应的效率损失也逐渐减小。周向槽是通过抽吸叶片压力面前缘的低能流体,并将其沿周向输运至叶片吸力面的前缘喷出,从而增大了前级叶轮进口相对气流角及叶顶泄漏流的轴向动量,改变了叶顶泄漏流的轨迹,抑制了前缘溢流与尾缘处的边界层分离,进而减轻叶片通道内的流动堵塞,推迟了失速的发生而实现扩稳。采用前级周向单槽机匣处理并未改变对旋风机的最先失速级和失速起始类型。

河北省盐碱地现状及生态改良建议

盐碱地是一种重要的土地资源,治理和综合利用盐碱地对开发我国耕地后备资源和保障粮食产能具有重要意义。河北省盐碱地分布广、程度重、开发潜力大,近年来河北省通过农田水利、化学改良、生物改良、技术推广等措施,形成了一批有区域特色的关键技术并得到有效推广,但仍存在治理难度大、开发利用盐碱地理念存在偏差、盐碱地综合利用水平低等问题。通过对河北省盐碱地发展现状、治理存在的问题及原因进行阐述,并基于此提出盐碱地生态改良建议,包括加快研发水资源利用和土壤改良等技术,加强适宜盐碱地作物品种的选育、开发和推广,因地制宜选择适生植物,加大资金投入和政策支持,通过科技创新助推盐碱地特色农业发展,以期提高河北省盐碱地综合利用水平,促进盐碱地特色农业的可持续发展。

胸痛中心持续改进对行急诊PCI术急性心肌梗死患者诊疗及预后的影响

目的 研究胸痛中心持续改进对行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者诊疗及预后的影响。方法 将徐州医科大学附属连云港医院2019年9月—2021年8月收治的534例AMI患者分为急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)组和非ST段抬高型心肌梗死(NSTEMI)组,STEMI组中持续改进前和持续改进后患者分别为224例和249例,NSTEMI组中持续改进前和持续改进后患者分别为27例和34例。2020年9月医院胸痛中心开展持续改进工作,患者在实施提升远程心电图传输比例、开设24小时胸痛门诊、提高胸痛中心三会召开频次、强化胸痛知识宣传等措施后就诊。比较持续改进前后,STEMI组和NSTEMI组诊疗时间节点指标、经济学指标及临床预后指标。结果 STEMI组持续改进后,完成首份心电图至确诊时间、入门至球囊扩张时间、首次医疗接触至球囊扩张时间较持续改进前缩短,心电图远程传输比例、绕行急诊比例较持续改进前提升,住院天数、出院后一年内心血管不良事件发生率较持续改进前下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);NSTEMI组持续改进后,完成首份心电图至确诊时间、入门至球囊扩张时间较持续改进前缩短,心电图远程传输比例较持续改进前提升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 医院胸痛中心持续改进提升了AMI患者的救治效率,改善了STEMI患者的临床预后。

改良Bardenpho+浸没式超滤工艺在污水处理厂的应用

华中地区某市政污水处理厂已建一、二期工程设计规模为20万m^(3)/d,出水执行《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)一级A标准。本次三期扩建工程设计规模为20万m^(3)/d,是国内首个采用“改良Bardenpho+浸没式超滤膜”工艺的大型市政污水处理厂。2022年1月—12月,出水各项指标稳定达到一级A标准。其中,BOD_(5)、COD_(Cr)、氨氮概率值为100%、99.7%、91.7%,达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)中Ⅲ类标准,TP稳定达到地表水Ⅳ类标准。该组合工艺结合了生化处理系统和膜处理系统两者的优点,抗冲击负荷能力强、占地面积小。在用地面积很紧张、尾水提标和再生水回用需求进一步提高的大趋势下,该组合工艺因具备实现更高、更稳定的出水能力,从而在新、改、扩建市政污水处理厂中具有广阔的运用前景。

趣味游戏结合家庭教育-环境改良护理模式对哮喘患儿治疗配合度及症状控制情况的影响

目的探讨趣味游戏结合家庭教育-环境改良护理模式对哮喘患儿治疗配合度及症状控制情况的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2022年1月我科收治的150例哮喘患儿为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各75例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上实施趣味游戏结合家庭教育-环境改良护理模式。比较两组的干预效果。结果观察组的治疗配合度优良率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的活动受限、喘息症状、患儿对哮喘控制及自我评估评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV_(1))及最大呼气流量(PEF)均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的症状、情感功能及活动评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论趣味游戏结合家庭教育-环境改良护理模式能提高哮喘患儿治疗配合度及症状控制效果,也能促进肺功能改善及生活质量提高,值得推广。

火场燃烧残留物检验鉴定方法研究进展

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