Drought stress affects the growth and productivity of crop plants including sorghum.To study the molecular basis of drought tolerance in sorghum,we conducted the transcriptomic profiling of sorghum leaves and roots un...Drought stress affects the growth and productivity of crop plants including sorghum.To study the molecular basis of drought tolerance in sorghum,we conducted the transcriptomic profiling of sorghum leaves and roots under drought stress using RNA-Seq method.A total of 510,559,and 3 687 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in leaves,3 368,5 093,and 4 635 DEGs in roots responding to mild drought,severe drought,and re-watering treatments were identified,respectively.Among them,190 common DEGs in leaves and 1 644 common DEGs in roots were responsive to mild drought,severe drought,and re-watering environment.Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis revealed that the GO categories related to drought tolerance include terms related to response to stimulus especially response to water deprivation,abscisic acid stimulus,and reactive oxygen species.The major transcription factor genes responsive to drought stress include heat stress transcription factor(HSF),ethylene-responsive transcription factor(ERF),Petunia NAM,Arabidopsis ATAF1/2 and CUC2(NAC),WRKY transcription factor(WRKY),homeodomain leucine zipper transcription factor(HD-ZIP),basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor(bHLH),and V-myb myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog transcription facotr(MYB).Functional protein genes for heat shock protein(HSPs),late-embryogenesis-abundant protein(LEAs),chaperones,aquaporins,and expansins might play important roles in sorghum drought tolerance.Moreover,the genomic regions enriched with HSP,expansin,and aquaporin genes responsive to drought stress could be used as powerful targets for improvement of drought tolerance in sorghum and other cereals.Overall,our results provide a genome-wide analysis of DEGs in sorghum leaves and roots under mild drought,severe drought,and re-watering environments.This study contributes to a better understanding of the molecular basis of drought tolerance of sorghum and can be useful for crop improvement.展开更多
In plant cells, the accumulation of K^+ plays a primary role in osmotic regulation,and high-affinity K^+ uptake and transport systems have been investigated. InEscherichia coli, Hesse et aI.isolated a specific K^+ upt...In plant cells, the accumulation of K^+ plays a primary role in osmotic regulation,and high-affinity K^+ uptake and transport systems have been investigated. InEscherichia coli, Hesse et aI.isolated a specific K^+ uptake system known as Kdpwhich has a K_m of 2 μmol/L, and it was induced by osmotic stress. Its kdpABCgenes encode three membrane-binding proteins whose molecular weights are 47, 90 and22 kD, respectively, and kdpDE genes produce two regulatory factors. Gaber et al.展开更多
Sorghum’s natural adaptation to a wide range of abiotic stresses provides diverse genetic reserves for potential improvement in crop stress tolerance. Growing interest in sorghum research has led to the expansion of ...Sorghum’s natural adaptation to a wide range of abiotic stresses provides diverse genetic reserves for potential improvement in crop stress tolerance. Growing interest in sorghum research has led to the expansion of genetic resources though establishment of the sorghum association panel (SAP), generation of mutagenized populations, and recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> etc. Despite rapid improvement in biotechnological tools, lack of efficient phenotyping platforms remains one of the major obstacles in utilizing these genetic resources. Scarcity of efforts in root system phenotyping hinders identification and integration of the superior root traits advantageous to stress tolerance. Here, we explored multiple approaches in root phenotyping of an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized sorghum population. Paper-based growth pouches (PGP) and hydroponics were employed to analyze root system architecture (RSA) variations induced by mutations and to test root development flexibility in response to phosphorus deficiency in early growing stages. PGP method had improved capabilities compared to hydroponics providing inexpensive, space-saving, and high-throughput phenotyping of sorghum roots. Preliminary observation revealed distinct phenotypic variations which were qualitatively and quantitatively systemized for association analysis. Phenotypes/ideotypes with root architecture variations potentially correlated with Pi acquisition were selected to evaluate their contribution to P-efficiency (PE). Sand mixed with P-loaded activated alumina substrate (SAS) provided closely to natural but still controlled single-variable conditions with regulated Pi availability. Due to higher labor and cost input we propose SAS to be used for evaluating selected sorghum candidates for PE. The ability of rapidly screening root phenotypes holds great potential for discovering genes responsible for relevant root traits and utilizing mutations to improve nutrient efficiency and crop productivity.展开更多
基金support of Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciencesthe Major Projects of Genetically Modified Organisms, China (2016ZX08003004)
文摘Drought stress affects the growth and productivity of crop plants including sorghum.To study the molecular basis of drought tolerance in sorghum,we conducted the transcriptomic profiling of sorghum leaves and roots under drought stress using RNA-Seq method.A total of 510,559,and 3 687 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in leaves,3 368,5 093,and 4 635 DEGs in roots responding to mild drought,severe drought,and re-watering treatments were identified,respectively.Among them,190 common DEGs in leaves and 1 644 common DEGs in roots were responsive to mild drought,severe drought,and re-watering environment.Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis revealed that the GO categories related to drought tolerance include terms related to response to stimulus especially response to water deprivation,abscisic acid stimulus,and reactive oxygen species.The major transcription factor genes responsive to drought stress include heat stress transcription factor(HSF),ethylene-responsive transcription factor(ERF),Petunia NAM,Arabidopsis ATAF1/2 and CUC2(NAC),WRKY transcription factor(WRKY),homeodomain leucine zipper transcription factor(HD-ZIP),basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor(bHLH),and V-myb myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog transcription facotr(MYB).Functional protein genes for heat shock protein(HSPs),late-embryogenesis-abundant protein(LEAs),chaperones,aquaporins,and expansins might play important roles in sorghum drought tolerance.Moreover,the genomic regions enriched with HSP,expansin,and aquaporin genes responsive to drought stress could be used as powerful targets for improvement of drought tolerance in sorghum and other cereals.Overall,our results provide a genome-wide analysis of DEGs in sorghum leaves and roots under mild drought,severe drought,and re-watering environments.This study contributes to a better understanding of the molecular basis of drought tolerance of sorghum and can be useful for crop improvement.
文摘In plant cells, the accumulation of K^+ plays a primary role in osmotic regulation,and high-affinity K^+ uptake and transport systems have been investigated. InEscherichia coli, Hesse et aI.isolated a specific K^+ uptake system known as Kdpwhich has a K_m of 2 μmol/L, and it was induced by osmotic stress. Its kdpABCgenes encode three membrane-binding proteins whose molecular weights are 47, 90 and22 kD, respectively, and kdpDE genes produce two regulatory factors. Gaber et al.
文摘Sorghum’s natural adaptation to a wide range of abiotic stresses provides diverse genetic reserves for potential improvement in crop stress tolerance. Growing interest in sorghum research has led to the expansion of genetic resources though establishment of the sorghum association panel (SAP), generation of mutagenized populations, and recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> etc. Despite rapid improvement in biotechnological tools, lack of efficient phenotyping platforms remains one of the major obstacles in utilizing these genetic resources. Scarcity of efforts in root system phenotyping hinders identification and integration of the superior root traits advantageous to stress tolerance. Here, we explored multiple approaches in root phenotyping of an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized sorghum population. Paper-based growth pouches (PGP) and hydroponics were employed to analyze root system architecture (RSA) variations induced by mutations and to test root development flexibility in response to phosphorus deficiency in early growing stages. PGP method had improved capabilities compared to hydroponics providing inexpensive, space-saving, and high-throughput phenotyping of sorghum roots. Preliminary observation revealed distinct phenotypic variations which were qualitatively and quantitatively systemized for association analysis. Phenotypes/ideotypes with root architecture variations potentially correlated with Pi acquisition were selected to evaluate their contribution to P-efficiency (PE). Sand mixed with P-loaded activated alumina substrate (SAS) provided closely to natural but still controlled single-variable conditions with regulated Pi availability. Due to higher labor and cost input we propose SAS to be used for evaluating selected sorghum candidates for PE. The ability of rapidly screening root phenotypes holds great potential for discovering genes responsible for relevant root traits and utilizing mutations to improve nutrient efficiency and crop productivity.
