Water is a basic need.However there are many near coastal regions which have very limited access to fresh water.The water in area close to coastal is mainly affected by ocean,indirectly by weather/climate conditions a...Water is a basic need.However there are many near coastal regions which have very limited access to fresh water.The water in area close to coastal is mainly affected by ocean,indirectly by weather/climate conditions and directly from seawater intrusion.While abundant fresh water is actually available in the atmosphere in the form of moisture.Recent technology,such as Atmospheric Water Generator(AWG),is a possible solution to gain water from our atmosphere.However,comprehensive study is needed to understand the potential water harvesting in our atmosphere.Here,we examine the water availability in the atmosphere based on several parameters like temperature and humidity.The data are collected from observation using WS1040 Automatic Weather Station in a year of 2020 with a half-hour interval.Then,we calculate the availability of water content during each season,especially in dry conditions.We also simulate the water harvesting to fulfil daily basic need of fresh water.The atmospheric parameters have shown a monsoonal pattern.Water content decrease in atmosphere during the dry season but the water deficit occurs after the dry season.Although water harvesting able to supply daily freshwater need,it is not recommended to be a single source as it requires massive water storage and high-efficient AWG.展开更多
Water scarcity in arid regions poses significant challenges to sustainable development and human well-being. This article explores both existing and innovative technologies and methods to produce large amounts of wate...Water scarcity in arid regions poses significant challenges to sustainable development and human well-being. This article explores both existing and innovative technologies and methods to produce large amounts of water to address these challenges effectively. Key approaches include atmospheric water generation, advanced desalination techniques, innovative water collection methods such as fog nets and dew harvesting, geothermal water extraction, and water recycling and reuse. Each method is evaluated for its feasibility with existing technology, potential time of implementation, required investments, and specific challenges. By leveraging these technologies and combining them into a multifaceted water management strategy, it is possible to enhance water security, support agricultural and industrial activities, and improve living conditions in arid regions. Collaborative efforts between governments, private sector entities, and research institutions are crucial to advancing these technologies and ensuring their sustainable implementation. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of these technologies, their potential for large-scale application, and recommendations for future research and development.展开更多
Atmospheric water,as one of the most abundant natural resources on Earth,has attracted huge research interest in the field of water harvesting and energy harvesting and conversion owing its environmental friendliness ...Atmospheric water,as one of the most abundant natural resources on Earth,has attracted huge research interest in the field of water harvesting and energy harvesting and conversion owing its environmental friendliness and easy access.The developments of new materials have seen advanced technologies that can extract water and energy out of this long-neglected resource,suggesting a promising and sustainable approach to address the water and energy crises over the world.Carbon-based functional materials have been considered to be indispensable materials for atmospheric water utilization due to their large surface area,excellent adsorption performance,and higher surface activity.In this review,first,we analyze the interaction between carbon-based functional materials and atmospheric water molecular.Then,technologies developed in recent years for atmospheric water utilization based on carbon-based functional materials are reviewed,mainly focusing on atmospheric water harvesting,moisture-enabled electricity generation,and moisture-responsive actuation.Finally,the remaining challenges and some tentative suggestions possibly guiding developments are proposed,which may pave a way for a bright future of carbon-based functional material in the utilization of atmospheric water.展开更多
利用2001年青藏高原及周边地区的地基GPS观测资料、M O DIS卫星遥感资料和N CEP格点再分析资料分析了青藏高原及周边地区大气水汽分布及其变化特征。研究结果表明,青藏高原东南部地区大气总水汽量的年变化在0.3～3.0cm之间,高原其它地...利用2001年青藏高原及周边地区的地基GPS观测资料、M O DIS卫星遥感资料和N CEP格点再分析资料分析了青藏高原及周边地区大气水汽分布及其变化特征。研究结果表明,青藏高原东南部地区大气总水汽量的年变化在0.3～3.0cm之间,高原其它地区大气总水汽量的年变化在0.2～2.0cm之间;青藏高原东南部河谷的导流作用非常显著,是暖湿气流进入青藏高原内部地区的重要途径;地理纬度和海拔高度决定了青藏高原地区南湿北干的大气水汽分布特征,而大气环流变化则是造成青藏高原及周边地区大气水汽分布季节变化的主要原因。展开更多
The impact of the northward jump and westward movement of the East Asian westerly jet core fi：om the westem Pacific Ocean to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on precipitation distribution of eastem China is studied. It is c...The impact of the northward jump and westward movement of the East Asian westerly jet core fi：om the westem Pacific Ocean to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on precipitation distribution of eastem China is studied. It is concluded that on the one hand, the northward jump of the jet causes the precipitation belt to move northward from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley and withdraw during the Mei-yu season; on the other hand, the westward movement of the jet core has no correspondence with withdrawal of the Mei-yu season. However, the earlier or later occurrence of the westward movement of the jet has an influence on the process of the rain belt moving northward than the northward jump of the jet： the rain belt moves northward from the middle-lower Yangtze River valley to the Huaihe River and then to an area between the Yellow River and Huaihe River during years when the time of the westward movement of the jet core is later than that of the northward jump of the jet and from the middle-lower Yangtze River valley to an area between the Yellow River and Huaihe River in other years. Further analysis shows that： （1） The northward jump of the jet and the westward movement of the East Asian westerly jet core causes significant variation of the general atmospheric circulation in middle latitudes and water vapor transport from the western Pacific, but not from the Bay of Bengal. （2） Impact of the northward jump and the westward movement of the East Asian westerly jet core on circulation are different, therefore, water vapor transport from the western Pacific and its impact on the rain belt are different. The earlier or later occurrence of the westward movement of the jet core than the northward jump of the jet causes the process of circulation and water vapor transport to be different which produces a different process of the rain belt moving northward.展开更多
文摘Water is a basic need.However there are many near coastal regions which have very limited access to fresh water.The water in area close to coastal is mainly affected by ocean,indirectly by weather/climate conditions and directly from seawater intrusion.While abundant fresh water is actually available in the atmosphere in the form of moisture.Recent technology,such as Atmospheric Water Generator(AWG),is a possible solution to gain water from our atmosphere.However,comprehensive study is needed to understand the potential water harvesting in our atmosphere.Here,we examine the water availability in the atmosphere based on several parameters like temperature and humidity.The data are collected from observation using WS1040 Automatic Weather Station in a year of 2020 with a half-hour interval.Then,we calculate the availability of water content during each season,especially in dry conditions.We also simulate the water harvesting to fulfil daily basic need of fresh water.The atmospheric parameters have shown a monsoonal pattern.Water content decrease in atmosphere during the dry season but the water deficit occurs after the dry season.Although water harvesting able to supply daily freshwater need,it is not recommended to be a single source as it requires massive water storage and high-efficient AWG.
文摘Water scarcity in arid regions poses significant challenges to sustainable development and human well-being. This article explores both existing and innovative technologies and methods to produce large amounts of water to address these challenges effectively. Key approaches include atmospheric water generation, advanced desalination techniques, innovative water collection methods such as fog nets and dew harvesting, geothermal water extraction, and water recycling and reuse. Each method is evaluated for its feasibility with existing technology, potential time of implementation, required investments, and specific challenges. By leveraging these technologies and combining them into a multifaceted water management strategy, it is possible to enhance water security, support agricultural and industrial activities, and improve living conditions in arid regions. Collaborative efforts between governments, private sector entities, and research institutions are crucial to advancing these technologies and ensuring their sustainable implementation. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of these technologies, their potential for large-scale application, and recommendations for future research and development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52022051,22035005,22075165,52090032,and 52073159)Tsinghua-Foshan Innovation Special Fund(No.2020THFS0501).
文摘Atmospheric water,as one of the most abundant natural resources on Earth,has attracted huge research interest in the field of water harvesting and energy harvesting and conversion owing its environmental friendliness and easy access.The developments of new materials have seen advanced technologies that can extract water and energy out of this long-neglected resource,suggesting a promising and sustainable approach to address the water and energy crises over the world.Carbon-based functional materials have been considered to be indispensable materials for atmospheric water utilization due to their large surface area,excellent adsorption performance,and higher surface activity.In this review,first,we analyze the interaction between carbon-based functional materials and atmospheric water molecular.Then,technologies developed in recent years for atmospheric water utilization based on carbon-based functional materials are reviewed,mainly focusing on atmospheric water harvesting,moisture-enabled electricity generation,and moisture-responsive actuation.Finally,the remaining challenges and some tentative suggestions possibly guiding developments are proposed,which may pave a way for a bright future of carbon-based functional material in the utilization of atmospheric water.
文摘利用2001年青藏高原及周边地区的地基GPS观测资料、M O DIS卫星遥感资料和N CEP格点再分析资料分析了青藏高原及周边地区大气水汽分布及其变化特征。研究结果表明,青藏高原东南部地区大气总水汽量的年变化在0.3～3.0cm之间,高原其它地区大气总水汽量的年变化在0.2～2.0cm之间;青藏高原东南部河谷的导流作用非常显著,是暖湿气流进入青藏高原内部地区的重要途径;地理纬度和海拔高度决定了青藏高原地区南湿北干的大气水汽分布特征,而大气环流变化则是造成青藏高原及周边地区大气水汽分布季节变化的主要原因。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40675041)
文摘The impact of the northward jump and westward movement of the East Asian westerly jet core fi：om the westem Pacific Ocean to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on precipitation distribution of eastem China is studied. It is concluded that on the one hand, the northward jump of the jet causes the precipitation belt to move northward from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley and withdraw during the Mei-yu season; on the other hand, the westward movement of the jet core has no correspondence with withdrawal of the Mei-yu season. However, the earlier or later occurrence of the westward movement of the jet has an influence on the process of the rain belt moving northward than the northward jump of the jet： the rain belt moves northward from the middle-lower Yangtze River valley to the Huaihe River and then to an area between the Yellow River and Huaihe River during years when the time of the westward movement of the jet core is later than that of the northward jump of the jet and from the middle-lower Yangtze River valley to an area between the Yellow River and Huaihe River in other years. Further analysis shows that： （1） The northward jump of the jet and the westward movement of the East Asian westerly jet core causes significant variation of the general atmospheric circulation in middle latitudes and water vapor transport from the western Pacific, but not from the Bay of Bengal. （2） Impact of the northward jump and the westward movement of the East Asian westerly jet core on circulation are different, therefore, water vapor transport from the western Pacific and its impact on the rain belt are different. The earlier or later occurrence of the westward movement of the jet core than the northward jump of the jet causes the process of circulation and water vapor transport to be different which produces a different process of the rain belt moving northward.
