The construction of major marine infrastructure projects and the exploration and development of deep-sea mineral resources require fine imaging of seabed strata and structures.The highresolution marine seismic explora...The construction of major marine infrastructure projects and the exploration and development of deep-sea mineral resources require fine imaging of seabed strata and structures.The highresolution marine seismic exploration based on a high broadband sparker source is an important approach to reveal seabed stratum and reservoir structure,and identify geohazard.To optimize the performance of sparker seismic source,we investigated the electro-acoustic characteristics of spark discharge under conditions of different charging voltages and electrode numbers.Results show that the sound source level increased with the increase of the charging voltage,whereas the main frequency decreased when the charging voltage increases.In addition,it was found that the charging capacitance had more obvious influence on the main frequency than the sound source level did.Although the load energy decreased with increasing electrode number,the sound source level still increased but the main frequency decreased.Meanwhile,the primary to bubble(P/B)ratio increased with the increase of the electrode number.To gain a deeper insight into the electro-acoustic characteristics,we investigate the relationship between sound source level and power peak,from which a good correlation was observed.A more practical statistical analysis on the rise rate of current was processed,and a perfect logarithmic function was derived.Furthermore,we found that the main frequency was most possibly subjected to the electrical energy,especially the charging energy per electrode.The results indicate that the charging energy per electrode less than 10 J could increase the main frequency to above 300 Hz.At last,the main frequency could be reduced to 20 Hz when the charging energy of a single-electrode discharge was enhanced to over 4 kJ.This study shall be helpful in developing a sparker seismic source and improving the performance for marine engineering exploration and geohazard assessment.展开更多
大规模风电并网系统在受到大功率缺额扰动后,电网会出现频率骤降,而低频减载(Under Frequency Load Shedding,UFLS)控制是防止频率失稳的有效手段。首先,基于含UFLS的改进系统频率响应模型(System Frequency Model,SFR),研究了新型电力...大规模风电并网系统在受到大功率缺额扰动后,电网会出现频率骤降,而低频减载(Under Frequency Load Shedding,UFLS)控制是防止频率失稳的有效手段。首先,基于含UFLS的改进系统频率响应模型(System Frequency Model,SFR),研究了新型电力系统受到大功率扰动下的频率特征,基于经典频率响应模型建立改进的系统频率响应模型,考虑火电、风电联合调频控制策略,并引入UFLS频率控制;然后,根据所建立的系统频率响应模型对大规模风电并网系统参数进行整定,并建立多资源参与调频下的大规模风电并网系统频率特征表达式;最后,通过Matlab/Simulink仿真平台,验证UFLS控制策略参与调频的可行性及UFLS控制参数对频率调制效果的影响。展开更多
传统模拟同步电机组主要采用原动机拖动同步发电机旋转发电来实现,该方法虽能更有效地模拟电网中同步电机组的电磁耦合特性,但存在控制系统复杂、系统灵活性差、实现成本高等不足。为此,基于虚拟同步发电机控制原理提出了一种模拟同步...传统模拟同步电机组主要采用原动机拖动同步发电机旋转发电来实现,该方法虽能更有效地模拟电网中同步电机组的电磁耦合特性,但存在控制系统复杂、系统灵活性差、实现成本高等不足。为此,基于虚拟同步发电机控制原理提出了一种模拟同步发电机组设计方法。该方法利用滤波电抗等效代替同步发电机组电枢电阻及同步电抗,通过控制系统实现对同步发电机组惯性特性、频率响应特性及调压特性的有效模拟。该方法简化了模拟风电并网实验系统的设计,具有较强的灵活性和可行性。设计了一套容量为20 k VA的模拟同步发电机组,并基于已有的模拟风电机组实验平台构建了一套模拟风电并网实验系统。在负荷功率扰动条件下,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真结果与实验结果进行对比,验证了所提模拟同步发电机组设计方法的有效性及在风电机组频率响应控制研究中应用的可行性。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42276195)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ22D060006)the Science Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(No.21022092-Y)。
文摘The construction of major marine infrastructure projects and the exploration and development of deep-sea mineral resources require fine imaging of seabed strata and structures.The highresolution marine seismic exploration based on a high broadband sparker source is an important approach to reveal seabed stratum and reservoir structure,and identify geohazard.To optimize the performance of sparker seismic source,we investigated the electro-acoustic characteristics of spark discharge under conditions of different charging voltages and electrode numbers.Results show that the sound source level increased with the increase of the charging voltage,whereas the main frequency decreased when the charging voltage increases.In addition,it was found that the charging capacitance had more obvious influence on the main frequency than the sound source level did.Although the load energy decreased with increasing electrode number,the sound source level still increased but the main frequency decreased.Meanwhile,the primary to bubble(P/B)ratio increased with the increase of the electrode number.To gain a deeper insight into the electro-acoustic characteristics,we investigate the relationship between sound source level and power peak,from which a good correlation was observed.A more practical statistical analysis on the rise rate of current was processed,and a perfect logarithmic function was derived.Furthermore,we found that the main frequency was most possibly subjected to the electrical energy,especially the charging energy per electrode.The results indicate that the charging energy per electrode less than 10 J could increase the main frequency to above 300 Hz.At last,the main frequency could be reduced to 20 Hz when the charging energy of a single-electrode discharge was enhanced to over 4 kJ.This study shall be helpful in developing a sparker seismic source and improving the performance for marine engineering exploration and geohazard assessment.
文摘大规模风电并网系统在受到大功率缺额扰动后,电网会出现频率骤降,而低频减载(Under Frequency Load Shedding,UFLS)控制是防止频率失稳的有效手段。首先,基于含UFLS的改进系统频率响应模型(System Frequency Model,SFR),研究了新型电力系统受到大功率扰动下的频率特征,基于经典频率响应模型建立改进的系统频率响应模型,考虑火电、风电联合调频控制策略,并引入UFLS频率控制;然后,根据所建立的系统频率响应模型对大规模风电并网系统参数进行整定,并建立多资源参与调频下的大规模风电并网系统频率特征表达式;最后,通过Matlab/Simulink仿真平台,验证UFLS控制策略参与调频的可行性及UFLS控制参数对频率调制效果的影响。
文摘传统模拟同步电机组主要采用原动机拖动同步发电机旋转发电来实现,该方法虽能更有效地模拟电网中同步电机组的电磁耦合特性,但存在控制系统复杂、系统灵活性差、实现成本高等不足。为此,基于虚拟同步发电机控制原理提出了一种模拟同步发电机组设计方法。该方法利用滤波电抗等效代替同步发电机组电枢电阻及同步电抗,通过控制系统实现对同步发电机组惯性特性、频率响应特性及调压特性的有效模拟。该方法简化了模拟风电并网实验系统的设计,具有较强的灵活性和可行性。设计了一套容量为20 k VA的模拟同步发电机组,并基于已有的模拟风电机组实验平台构建了一套模拟风电并网实验系统。在负荷功率扰动条件下,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真结果与实验结果进行对比,验证了所提模拟同步发电机组设计方法的有效性及在风电机组频率响应控制研究中应用的可行性。
文摘多微源独立微网中,传统下垂控制的输出频率动态响应速度快,虚拟同步发电机(virtual synchronous generator,VSG)控制可改善频率响应特性,但无法兼顾功率和频率的动态调节性能。针对此问题,提出一种改进的转动惯量自适应控制(improved adaptive control of inertia,IACI)。首先,在同步旋转坐标系下建立VSG数学模型,并分析转动惯量对VSG输出特性的影响;其次,在VSG控制的基础上通过在转动惯量控制中引入频率变化量形成VSG转动惯量自适应控制,并给出频率跟踪系数、转动惯量和阻尼系数等参量的整定方法;最后利用Matlab/Simulink对比VSG控制和IACI控制在VSG并入微网和负载扰动条件下的有功和频率响应曲线,在由两台1k W的VSG组成的独立微网实验平台上进行实验验证,结果表明所提控制策略可避免VSG并入微网过程中的有功振荡,且可以有效优化频率响应曲线。
