Twelve volunteers with normal hearing (9 males and 3 females) participated in this work The sound transfer functions (STFS) from diffuse sound field to the subject's eardrums were measured and correlated...Twelve volunteers with normal hearing (9 males and 3 females) participated in this work The sound transfer functions (STFS) from diffuse sound field to the subject's eardrums were measured and correlated to the temporary threshold shift (TTS) due to fiffuse-exposure.A probe tube with a miniature microphone was used for STF measurements in which successive 1/3 oct bandwidth random noise with central frequency from 0.25 kKz to 8 kHz were used. The subjects were divided into two groups, with the STF maxima at 2 kHz and 4 kHz respectively Pre- and post- exposure sweep Bekesy audiograms were recorded and the temporary thresh old shift calctilated as the difference between the two. Frequency of the maximum TTS was correlated to that of the maximum STF. The average TTS was very small or zero at frequen cies below the band noise exposure , but was noticeable even at the highest measured frequency (8 kHz) for beyond the noise band. Also individual differences in STF were found at frequencies between 2 kHz and 4 kHz展开更多
Noise is one of the key issues in the operation of high-speed railways, with sound source localisation and its transfer path as the two major aspects. This study investigates both the exterior and interior sound sourc...Noise is one of the key issues in the operation of high-speed railways, with sound source localisation and its transfer path as the two major aspects. This study investigates both the exterior and interior sound source distribution of a high-speed train and presents a method for performing the contribution analysis of airborne sound with regard to the interior noise. First, both exterior and interior sound source locations of the high-speed train are identified through in-situ measurements. Second, the sound source contribution for di erent regions of the train and the relationships between the exterior and interior noises are analysed. Third, a method for conducting the contribution analysis of airborne sound with regard to the interior noise of the high-speed train is described. Lastly, a case study on the sidewall area is carried out, and the contribution of airborne sound to the interior noise of this area is obtained. The results show that, when the high-speed train runs at 310 km/h, dominant exterior sound sources are located in the bogie and pantograph regions, while main interior sound sources are located at the sidewall and roof. The interior noise, the bogie area noise and the sound source at the middle of the coach exhibit very similar rates of increase with increasing train speed. For the selected sidewall area, structure-borne sound dominates in most of the 1/3 octave bands.展开更多
Pronunciation learning is the key factor in second language acquisition,which is also the soul of the language.Thereforeit is very vital for beginners to learn the right sounds.However,In the second language acquisiti...Pronunciation learning is the key factor in second language acquisition,which is also the soul of the language.Thereforeit is very vital for beginners to learn the right sounds.However,In the second language acquisition,the sounds of learners’first lan-guage unavoidably have some positive and negative transfer on the target language acquisition.To the Chinese learners,as Chineselanguage belongs to Sino-Tibetan system while English belongs to Germanic language system,the negative transfer is much moreobvious.Guanzhong plain lies in the central of Shaanxi province of China.The dialect here belongs to one of the sub-branches ofNorthern Mandrarin Dialect.Which shares little similarities with English in phonetics.The paper bases on the research of 25 stu-dents whose first language are Guanzhong Plain’s dialect to compare the phonemes of two languages in general and to further ana-lyze the negative transfer of Guanzhong Plain’s dialect to English Phonetic and give the related solutions.展开更多
故障数据的缺失一直是制约设备故障诊断发展的重要因素,现有研究通过刻意损坏设备的方法来采集故障数据。为实现座椅电机的无损故障诊断,文章对座椅电机的故障机理进行分析,确定可能发生的故障类型,通过在座椅电机表面粘贴微型喇叭并播...故障数据的缺失一直是制约设备故障诊断发展的重要因素,现有研究通过刻意损坏设备的方法来采集故障数据。为实现座椅电机的无损故障诊断,文章对座椅电机的故障机理进行分析,确定可能发生的故障类型,通过在座椅电机表面粘贴微型喇叭并播放故障声音,来模拟故障的发生。在自编码器系统的基础上,引入卷积操作,使用卷积层代替全连接层,通过输入数据维度、卷积核的尺寸和数量以及池化、正则化等操作对模型结构进行调整。采用IDMT Isa Electric Engine数据集作为源域数据,对模型进行预训练。使用迁移学习方法将源域中已经学习到的数据分布迁移到座椅电机故障诊断任务中,并与各类模型检测结果进行对比。结果显示,文中方法在召回率保持1.00的情况下,曲线下面积达到0.86,检测结果可靠,具有实际应用价值。展开更多
The aluminum open cell foams have been prepared by the conventional precision casting method to investigate the thermal and acoustic properties.A water heating system and silencers were organized as a first step for i...The aluminum open cell foams have been prepared by the conventional precision casting method to investigate the thermal and acoustic properties.A water heating system and silencers were organized as a first step for its applications.The temperature increase between the top and bottom of the foam became larger as the cell size increased in the heat transfer measurement.Sound absorption ratio of the close cell foams was 60%-100%, whereas the open cell aluminum foam showed only 10%-20% of sound absorption at low frequency.When the prototype electric water heater manufactured by combining aluminum open cell foam with a heater was heated to 100-400℃,the highest temperature of water was in the range of 16-46~C.This suggests that there could be potential for this type of heater to be used as a commercial electric water heater.Sound silencer made with the aluminum open cell foam was applied to exit of exhaustion side at air pressure line.Sound silencing effect of open-celled aluminum foam showed that the noise level went down by introducing smaller cell size foam.展开更多
Based on the transfer matrix method and the virtual source simulation technique, this paper proposes a novel semi-analytical and semi-numerical method for solving 2-D sound- structure interaction problems under a harm...Based on the transfer matrix method and the virtual source simulation technique, this paper proposes a novel semi-analytical and semi-numerical method for solving 2-D sound- structure interaction problems under a harmonic excitation.Within any integration segment, as long as its length is small enough,along the circumferential curvilinear coordinate,the non- homogeneous matrix differential equation of an elastic ring of complex geometrical shape can be rewritten in terms of the homogeneous one by the method of extended homogeneous capacity proposed in this paper.For the exterior fluid domain,the multi-circular virtual source simulation technique is adopted.The source density distributed on each virtual circular curve may be ex- panded as the Fourier's series.Combining with the inverse fast Fourier transformation,a higher accuracy and efficiency method for solving 2-D exterior Helmholtz's problems is presented in this paper.In the aspect of solution to the coupling equations,the state vectors of elastic ring induced by the given harmonic excitation and generalized forces of coefficients of the Fourier series can be obtained respectively by using a high precision integration scheme combined with the method of extended homogeneous capacity put forward in this paper.According to the superposition princi- ple and compatibility conditions at the interface between the elastic ring and fluid,the algebraic equation of system can be directly constructed by using the least square approximation.Examples of acoustic radiation from two typical fluid-loaded elastic rings under a harmonic concentrated force are presented.Numerical results show that the method proposed is more efficient than the mixed FE-BE method in common use.展开更多
文摘Twelve volunteers with normal hearing (9 males and 3 females) participated in this work The sound transfer functions (STFS) from diffuse sound field to the subject's eardrums were measured and correlated to the temporary threshold shift (TTS) due to fiffuse-exposure.A probe tube with a miniature microphone was used for STF measurements in which successive 1/3 oct bandwidth random noise with central frequency from 0.25 kKz to 8 kHz were used. The subjects were divided into two groups, with the STF maxima at 2 kHz and 4 kHz respectively Pre- and post- exposure sweep Bekesy audiograms were recorded and the temporary thresh old shift calctilated as the difference between the two. Frequency of the maximum TTS was correlated to that of the maximum STF. The average TTS was very small or zero at frequen cies below the band noise exposure , but was noticeable even at the highest measured frequency (8 kHz) for beyond the noise band. Also individual differences in STF were found at frequencies between 2 kHz and 4 kHz
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFE0205200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U1834201)
文摘Noise is one of the key issues in the operation of high-speed railways, with sound source localisation and its transfer path as the two major aspects. This study investigates both the exterior and interior sound source distribution of a high-speed train and presents a method for performing the contribution analysis of airborne sound with regard to the interior noise. First, both exterior and interior sound source locations of the high-speed train are identified through in-situ measurements. Second, the sound source contribution for di erent regions of the train and the relationships between the exterior and interior noises are analysed. Third, a method for conducting the contribution analysis of airborne sound with regard to the interior noise of the high-speed train is described. Lastly, a case study on the sidewall area is carried out, and the contribution of airborne sound to the interior noise of this area is obtained. The results show that, when the high-speed train runs at 310 km/h, dominant exterior sound sources are located in the bogie and pantograph regions, while main interior sound sources are located at the sidewall and roof. The interior noise, the bogie area noise and the sound source at the middle of the coach exhibit very similar rates of increase with increasing train speed. For the selected sidewall area, structure-borne sound dominates in most of the 1/3 octave bands.
文摘Pronunciation learning is the key factor in second language acquisition,which is also the soul of the language.Thereforeit is very vital for beginners to learn the right sounds.However,In the second language acquisition,the sounds of learners’first lan-guage unavoidably have some positive and negative transfer on the target language acquisition.To the Chinese learners,as Chineselanguage belongs to Sino-Tibetan system while English belongs to Germanic language system,the negative transfer is much moreobvious.Guanzhong plain lies in the central of Shaanxi province of China.The dialect here belongs to one of the sub-branches ofNorthern Mandrarin Dialect.Which shares little similarities with English in phonetics.The paper bases on the research of 25 stu-dents whose first language are Guanzhong Plain’s dialect to compare the phonemes of two languages in general and to further ana-lyze the negative transfer of Guanzhong Plain’s dialect to English Phonetic and give the related solutions.
文摘故障数据的缺失一直是制约设备故障诊断发展的重要因素,现有研究通过刻意损坏设备的方法来采集故障数据。为实现座椅电机的无损故障诊断,文章对座椅电机的故障机理进行分析,确定可能发生的故障类型,通过在座椅电机表面粘贴微型喇叭并播放故障声音,来模拟故障的发生。在自编码器系统的基础上,引入卷积操作,使用卷积层代替全连接层,通过输入数据维度、卷积核的尺寸和数量以及池化、正则化等操作对模型结构进行调整。采用IDMT Isa Electric Engine数据集作为源域数据,对模型进行预训练。使用迁移学习方法将源域中已经学习到的数据分布迁移到座椅电机故障诊断任务中,并与各类模型检测结果进行对比。结果显示,文中方法在召回率保持1.00的情况下,曲线下面积达到0.86,检测结果可靠,具有实际应用价值。
文摘The aluminum open cell foams have been prepared by the conventional precision casting method to investigate the thermal and acoustic properties.A water heating system and silencers were organized as a first step for its applications.The temperature increase between the top and bottom of the foam became larger as the cell size increased in the heat transfer measurement.Sound absorption ratio of the close cell foams was 60%-100%, whereas the open cell aluminum foam showed only 10%-20% of sound absorption at low frequency.When the prototype electric water heater manufactured by combining aluminum open cell foam with a heater was heated to 100-400℃,the highest temperature of water was in the range of 16-46~C.This suggests that there could be potential for this type of heater to be used as a commercial electric water heater.Sound silencer made with the aluminum open cell foam was applied to exit of exhaustion side at air pressure line.Sound silencing effect of open-celled aluminum foam showed that the noise level went down by introducing smaller cell size foam.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10172038)
文摘Based on the transfer matrix method and the virtual source simulation technique, this paper proposes a novel semi-analytical and semi-numerical method for solving 2-D sound- structure interaction problems under a harmonic excitation.Within any integration segment, as long as its length is small enough,along the circumferential curvilinear coordinate,the non- homogeneous matrix differential equation of an elastic ring of complex geometrical shape can be rewritten in terms of the homogeneous one by the method of extended homogeneous capacity proposed in this paper.For the exterior fluid domain,the multi-circular virtual source simulation technique is adopted.The source density distributed on each virtual circular curve may be ex- panded as the Fourier's series.Combining with the inverse fast Fourier transformation,a higher accuracy and efficiency method for solving 2-D exterior Helmholtz's problems is presented in this paper.In the aspect of solution to the coupling equations,the state vectors of elastic ring induced by the given harmonic excitation and generalized forces of coefficients of the Fourier series can be obtained respectively by using a high precision integration scheme combined with the method of extended homogeneous capacity put forward in this paper.According to the superposition princi- ple and compatibility conditions at the interface between the elastic ring and fluid,the algebraic equation of system can be directly constructed by using the least square approximation.Examples of acoustic radiation from two typical fluid-loaded elastic rings under a harmonic concentrated force are presented.Numerical results show that the method proposed is more efficient than the mixed FE-BE method in common use.