Land use change plays an important part in the studies of global environmental change and regional sustainable development. The change of soil quality can particularly reflect the impacts of human socio-economic activ...Land use change plays an important part in the studies of global environmental change and regional sustainable development. The change of soil quality can particularly reflect the impacts of human socio-economic activities on environment. Taking the coastal plain of south Hangzhou Bay as a study case, we analyzed the effects of land use changes on organic matter （OM）, total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, available phosphorus （AP）, available potassium （AK）, total salinity （TS）, pH value in soil genetic layers, and assessed soil quality change related to different land use types from 1982 to 2003. The results show that： （1） The general change tendency of soil quality in the coastal plain of south Hangzhou Bay declined obviously in A layer and slightly rise in B （or P） layer and C （or W） layer. The contents of TP decreased generally in all soil genetic layers, but the variety difference of other soil quality indices was relatively great. （2） The change of soil quality in the areas where land use changed is far more remarkable than that with land use unchanged. The value of quality variety is A layer 〉B （or P） layer 〉C （or W） layer. （3） The changes of soil tillage, cultivation, fertilization, irrigation and drainage activities related to land use may make some soil-forming processes disappeared and bring in other new processes which will affect the soil quality and soil genetic layers directly.展开更多
By employing many methods including distinguishing the land maps, interpreting the aerophotoes and Satellite photographes, consulting historical documents, investigating ancient cultural relics, making investigations ...By employing many methods including distinguishing the land maps, interpreting the aerophotoes and Satellite photographes, consulting historical documents, investigating ancient cultural relics, making investigations in the field, analysing the names and features of the place, and analysing the characteristics of the deposit, etc., a systematic study of the surface emerging palaeochannels on the South Coast Plain of Laizhou Bay has been made. Twenty five surface emerging palaeochannels were discovered and verified. According to the formation age, these palaeochannels were divided into two stages: six palaeochannels were formed in the Early and Middle Holocene, and nineteen palaeochannels were formed in the Late Holocene(the historical period). According to the landform features, the palaeochannels are divided into four categories: upland palaeochannel belts, strip shaped upland palaeochannels, trough shaped depression palaeochannels and ancient riverbeds. Among the four categories, the strip shaped upland palaeochannels are the main types. The swinging and movement of the channels helped the alluvial plains expand and cause the coastal ancient lakes to vanish in succession.展开更多
Based on the data of historical geography, the analysis of the stratigraphic section, and the textual research of place names and satellite photographic interpretations, the authors study the formation and evolution o...Based on the data of historical geography, the analysis of the stratigraphic section, and the textual research of place names and satellite photographic interpretations, the authors study the formation and evolution of ancient lakes on the south coast plain of Laizhou Bay where there were once three lakes: Judian Lake, Qingshuibo Lake and Biehua Lake. All the lakes formed 6000 years ago evolved from the lagoons near the estuary and went through two periods, the golden age in the Middle Holocene and the shrinking age in the Late Holocene. The disappearance of the lakes resulted from the drying climate, the migration of the river courses and the activities of human beings. Among the three reasons, the migration of the river courses is the main one.展开更多
The concentration and distribution of three persistent organic pollutants （hexachlorocyclohexanes （HCHs）, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes （DDTs） and polyehlorinated biphenyls （PCBs）） was assessed in tidal fia...The concentration and distribution of three persistent organic pollutants （hexachlorocyclohexanes （HCHs）, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes （DDTs） and polyehlorinated biphenyls （PCBs）） was assessed in tidal fiat sediments collected from the south bank of Hangzhou Bay, China from 2009 to 2013. Gas chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry （GC-MS/MS） was used for analysis, based on United States Environmental Protection Agency methods EPAS080A, EPA8081B, and EPA3550B. The results showed that the levels of HCHs, DDTs and PCBs decreased in the order of DDTs 〉 HCHs 〉 PCBs, and their mass fractions ranged from 0.29-32.91, 0.09-13.19 and 0.16-4.10 ktg/kg （dry mass）, respectively. The levels of HCHs, DDTs and PCBs decreased slowly from 2009 to 2013, with considerably greater concentrations in winter than in spring and summer. In this study area, the concentrations of DDTs and HCHs decreased gradually towards the mouth of Hangzhou Bay, while the concentrations of PCBs were related to changes in the local economy. In addition, the sources of HCHs and DDTs were identified as atmospheric precipitation and historical residues, Finally, we predicted that PCBs pollution primarily originated from Aroclor 1254（Lot A4）, which might root in the illegal demolition and stacking of abandoned paint, transformer or electronic equipment in the south bank of Hangzhou Bay.展开更多
The palaeochannels in the studied region are divided into four stages by such methods as 14C dating. Marine (saltwater) transgression in the palaeochannels has been studied as a focal point. Palaeochannels are the mai...The palaeochannels in the studied region are divided into four stages by such methods as 14C dating. Marine (saltwater) transgression in the palaeochannels has been studied as a focal point. Palaeochannels are the main passageway through which the seawater (saltwater) transgresses. The seawater (saltwater) transgresses at a high speed, by many means and in a changeable dynamic state.展开更多
应用地统计学与地理信息系统相结合的方法,研究了杭州湾南岸慈溪市域内不同土层(0～20、20～40、40～60、60～80、80～100、0～100 cm)的土壤有机碳含量空间变异特征。结果表明:研究区各土层土壤有机碳平均含量变化范围为3.49～7.95 g k...应用地统计学与地理信息系统相结合的方法,研究了杭州湾南岸慈溪市域内不同土层(0～20、20～40、40～60、60～80、80～100、0～100 cm)的土壤有机碳含量空间变异特征。结果表明:研究区各土层土壤有机碳平均含量变化范围为3.49～7.95 g kg-1,变异系数介于54.51%～67.34%之间,属中等程度变异;地统计分析得出块金效应变化范围为0.141～0.372,表现为较强空间自相关性;自表层至底层最优半方差模型依次为高斯、指数、指数、高斯和球状模型;Kriging插值结果显示各土层土壤有机碳含量自滩涂向内陆呈递增趋势,其中0～20 cm土层土壤有机碳含量呈平行于海岸线的带状分布;土壤有机碳含量随剖面深度增加呈递减规律;不同土地利用方式和不同围垦时期均增加了土壤有机碳的空间变异性。从研究结果看,慈溪市土壤有机碳空间异质性主要由结构性因素引起,研究结果可为了解杭州湾南岸土壤有机碳分布特征提供参考。展开更多
杭州湾作为我国大陆沿海地区第四系厚度较大的沉积区之一,历来是我国地学、生物学和气候学研究的重点区域;但其南岸研究比较薄弱。在对杭州湾南岸第四系BZK1钻孔岩芯沉积物特征、地质年代、孢粉、有孔虫和介形类分析基础上,探讨了杭州...杭州湾作为我国大陆沿海地区第四系厚度较大的沉积区之一,历来是我国地学、生物学和气候学研究的重点区域;但其南岸研究比较薄弱。在对杭州湾南岸第四系BZK1钻孔岩芯沉积物特征、地质年代、孢粉、有孔虫和介形类分析基础上,探讨了杭州湾南岸第四纪地层对比、古环境演化和海平面变化特征。钻孔揭示全新世沉积始于孔深22.00 m(约10.77 ka B P.),其下至孔深44.60 m为晚更新世地层,全新世沉积速率大于晚更新世。研究表明:古环境变化可划分为4个阶段:29.6~>10.8 ka B P.晚更新世时期,以针叶、阔叶混交林为主,为气候温暖较湿的滨海河口湾半咸水环境;10.8~9.5 ka B P.早全新世早期,以针叶与常绿阔叶林为主,推测属亚热带温暖湿润气候下的潮上带湖沼环境;9.5~5.9 ka B P.全新世早中期,以常绿阔叶与针叶林为主,气候温和较湿,受海水波及;5.9~0.5 ka B.P.全新世中后期,以常绿阔叶与针叶林为主,属滨海-内陆架环境,该阶段后期海水已退出本区,气候由温暖湿润渐渐转凉。结果显示杭州湾南岸气候-环境-海平面-沉积速率之间具有较好的对应。上述研究可丰富杭州湾南岸第四纪地层学、环境地质学研究内容,为邻区晚更新世生物地层对比以及古植被和古环境分析提供证据。展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40701006 Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, No.Y505032+2 种基金 Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo, No.2006A610077 No.2002C10026 K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University
文摘Land use change plays an important part in the studies of global environmental change and regional sustainable development. The change of soil quality can particularly reflect the impacts of human socio-economic activities on environment. Taking the coastal plain of south Hangzhou Bay as a study case, we analyzed the effects of land use changes on organic matter （OM）, total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, available phosphorus （AP）, available potassium （AK）, total salinity （TS）, pH value in soil genetic layers, and assessed soil quality change related to different land use types from 1982 to 2003. The results show that： （1） The general change tendency of soil quality in the coastal plain of south Hangzhou Bay declined obviously in A layer and slightly rise in B （or P） layer and C （or W） layer. The contents of TP decreased generally in all soil genetic layers, but the variety difference of other soil quality indices was relatively great. （2） The change of soil quality in the areas where land use changed is far more remarkable than that with land use unchanged. The value of quality variety is A layer 〉B （or P） layer 〉C （or W） layer. （3） The changes of soil tillage, cultivation, fertilization, irrigation and drainage activities related to land use may make some soil-forming processes disappeared and bring in other new processes which will affect the soil quality and soil genetic layers directly.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Foundation of China (49871011).
文摘By employing many methods including distinguishing the land maps, interpreting the aerophotoes and Satellite photographes, consulting historical documents, investigating ancient cultural relics, making investigations in the field, analysing the names and features of the place, and analysing the characteristics of the deposit, etc., a systematic study of the surface emerging palaeochannels on the South Coast Plain of Laizhou Bay has been made. Twenty five surface emerging palaeochannels were discovered and verified. According to the formation age, these palaeochannels were divided into two stages: six palaeochannels were formed in the Early and Middle Holocene, and nineteen palaeochannels were formed in the Late Holocene(the historical period). According to the landform features, the palaeochannels are divided into four categories: upland palaeochannel belts, strip shaped upland palaeochannels, trough shaped depression palaeochannels and ancient riverbeds. Among the four categories, the strip shaped upland palaeochannels are the main types. The swinging and movement of the channels helped the alluvial plains expand and cause the coastal ancient lakes to vanish in succession.
基金Under the auspices of the NaturalFoundation of Shandong Province(Y2004E05).
文摘Based on the data of historical geography, the analysis of the stratigraphic section, and the textual research of place names and satellite photographic interpretations, the authors study the formation and evolution of ancient lakes on the south coast plain of Laizhou Bay where there were once three lakes: Judian Lake, Qingshuibo Lake and Biehua Lake. All the lakes formed 6000 years ago evolved from the lagoons near the estuary and went through two periods, the golden age in the Middle Holocene and the shrinking age in the Late Holocene. The disappearance of the lakes resulted from the drying climate, the migration of the river courses and the activities of human beings. Among the three reasons, the migration of the river courses is the main one.
基金Supported by the Medical and Health Science Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.2011RCA031)the Agriculture and Social Development Funds of Ningbo,China(No.2012C0030)
文摘The concentration and distribution of three persistent organic pollutants （hexachlorocyclohexanes （HCHs）, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes （DDTs） and polyehlorinated biphenyls （PCBs）） was assessed in tidal fiat sediments collected from the south bank of Hangzhou Bay, China from 2009 to 2013. Gas chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry （GC-MS/MS） was used for analysis, based on United States Environmental Protection Agency methods EPAS080A, EPA8081B, and EPA3550B. The results showed that the levels of HCHs, DDTs and PCBs decreased in the order of DDTs 〉 HCHs 〉 PCBs, and their mass fractions ranged from 0.29-32.91, 0.09-13.19 and 0.16-4.10 ktg/kg （dry mass）, respectively. The levels of HCHs, DDTs and PCBs decreased slowly from 2009 to 2013, with considerably greater concentrations in winter than in spring and summer. In this study area, the concentrations of DDTs and HCHs decreased gradually towards the mouth of Hangzhou Bay, while the concentrations of PCBs were related to changes in the local economy. In addition, the sources of HCHs and DDTs were identified as atmospheric precipitation and historical residues, Finally, we predicted that PCBs pollution primarily originated from Aroclor 1254（Lot A4）, which might root in the illegal demolition and stacking of abandoned paint, transformer or electronic equipment in the south bank of Hangzhou Bay.
文摘The palaeochannels in the studied region are divided into four stages by such methods as 14C dating. Marine (saltwater) transgression in the palaeochannels has been studied as a focal point. Palaeochannels are the main passageway through which the seawater (saltwater) transgresses. The seawater (saltwater) transgresses at a high speed, by many means and in a changeable dynamic state.
文摘应用地统计学与地理信息系统相结合的方法,研究了杭州湾南岸慈溪市域内不同土层(0～20、20～40、40～60、60～80、80～100、0～100 cm)的土壤有机碳含量空间变异特征。结果表明:研究区各土层土壤有机碳平均含量变化范围为3.49～7.95 g kg-1,变异系数介于54.51%～67.34%之间,属中等程度变异;地统计分析得出块金效应变化范围为0.141～0.372,表现为较强空间自相关性;自表层至底层最优半方差模型依次为高斯、指数、指数、高斯和球状模型;Kriging插值结果显示各土层土壤有机碳含量自滩涂向内陆呈递增趋势,其中0～20 cm土层土壤有机碳含量呈平行于海岸线的带状分布;土壤有机碳含量随剖面深度增加呈递减规律;不同土地利用方式和不同围垦时期均增加了土壤有机碳的空间变异性。从研究结果看,慈溪市土壤有机碳空间异质性主要由结构性因素引起,研究结果可为了解杭州湾南岸土壤有机碳分布特征提供参考。
文摘杭州湾作为我国大陆沿海地区第四系厚度较大的沉积区之一,历来是我国地学、生物学和气候学研究的重点区域;但其南岸研究比较薄弱。在对杭州湾南岸第四系BZK1钻孔岩芯沉积物特征、地质年代、孢粉、有孔虫和介形类分析基础上,探讨了杭州湾南岸第四纪地层对比、古环境演化和海平面变化特征。钻孔揭示全新世沉积始于孔深22.00 m(约10.77 ka B P.),其下至孔深44.60 m为晚更新世地层,全新世沉积速率大于晚更新世。研究表明:古环境变化可划分为4个阶段:29.6~>10.8 ka B P.晚更新世时期,以针叶、阔叶混交林为主,为气候温暖较湿的滨海河口湾半咸水环境;10.8~9.5 ka B P.早全新世早期,以针叶与常绿阔叶林为主,推测属亚热带温暖湿润气候下的潮上带湖沼环境;9.5~5.9 ka B P.全新世早中期,以常绿阔叶与针叶林为主,气候温和较湿,受海水波及;5.9~0.5 ka B.P.全新世中后期,以常绿阔叶与针叶林为主,属滨海-内陆架环境,该阶段后期海水已退出本区,气候由温暖湿润渐渐转凉。结果显示杭州湾南岸气候-环境-海平面-沉积速率之间具有较好的对应。上述研究可丰富杭州湾南岸第四纪地层学、环境地质学研究内容,为邻区晚更新世生物地层对比以及古植被和古环境分析提供证据。
