Alteration of intestinal microbiota is associated with diabetic retinopathy and its severity:Samples collected from southeast coast Chinese

BACKGROUND Current approaches for the therapy of diabetic retinopathy(DR),which was one of leading causes of visual impairment,have their limitations.Animal experiments revealed that restructuring of intestinal microbiota can prevent retinopathy.AIM To explore the relationship between intestinal microbiota and DR among patients in the southeast coast of China,and provide clues for novel ways to prevention and treatment methods of DR.METHODS The fecal samples of non-diabetics(Group C,n=15)and diabetics(Group DM,n=30),including 15 samples with DR(Group DR)and 15 samples without DR(Group D),were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.Intestinal microbiota compositions were compared between Group C and Group DM,Group DR and Group D,as well as patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)(Group PDR,n=8)and patients without PDR(Group NPDR,n=7).Spearman correlation analyses were performed to explore the associations between intestinal microbiota and clinical indicators.RESULTS The alpha and beta diversity did not differ significantly between Group DR and Group D as well as Group PDR and Group NPDR.At the family level,Fusobacteriaceae,Desulfovibrionaceae and Pseudomonadaceae were significantly increased in Group DR than in Group D(P<0.05,respectively).At the genera level,Fusobacterium,Pseudomonas,and Adlercreutzia were increased in Group DR than Group D while Senegalimassilia was decreased(P<0.05,respectively).Pseudomonas was negatively correlated with NK cell count(r=-0.39,P=0.03).Further,the abundance of genera Eubacterium(P<0.01),Peptococcus,Desulfovibrio,Acetanaerobacterium and Negativibacillus(P<0.05,respectively)were higher in Group PDR compared to Group NPDR,while Pseudomonas,Alloprevotella and Tyzzerella(P<0.05,respectively)were lower.Acetanaerobacterium and Desulfovibrio were positively correlated with fasting insulin(r=0.53 and 0.61,respectively,P<0.05),when Negativibacillus was negatively correlated with B cell count(r=-0.67,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that the alteration of gut microbiota was associated with DR and its severity among patients in the southeast coast of China,probably by multiple mechanisms such as producing short-chain fatty acids,influencing permeability of blood vessels,affecting levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,hypoxia-inducible factor-1,B cell and insulin.Modulating gut microbiota composition might be a novel strategy for prevention of DR,particularly PDR in population above.

Hydrographical parameters and phytoplankton assemblages along the Pondicherry—Nagapattinam coastal waters,southeast coast of India

Hydrographical parameters and phytoplankton assemblages were determined along the Pondicherry, Parangipettai and Nagapattinam coastal waters, southeast coast of India. All the hydrographical parameters such as sea surface temperature, salinity, p H, total alkalinity, dissolved oxygen and nutrients like nitrate, nitrite, inorganic phosphate and reactive silicate, chlorophyll a and phytoplankton assemblages were studied for a period of five months(May, August, September 2010, March and November 2011). Over 121 species of phytoplankton represented by 93 species of diatoms, 16 species of dinoflagellates, 9 species of blue-green algae, 2 species of greens and 1 species of silicoflagellate were recorded. High phytoplankton species diversity was found in March 2011 when salinity and nitrate concentrations were low and reactive silicate and inorganic phosphates were moderate. Species diversity was low during May 2010 when increased sea surface temperature, salinity and low nutrients availability were observed. Coscinodiscus centralis, Diatoma vulgaris and Proboscia alata were dominant, especially Coscinodiscus sp. distributed in all stations whereas Skeletonema costatum, Odontella sinensis and Ditylum brightwellii were abundant in August and September 2010. From principal component analysis and multiple regression analysis, it is evident that variables like sea surface temperature and dissolved oxygen are the most important factors influencing the seasonal pattern of phytoplankton population.

Current study and prospect of the Old Red Sand along the southeast coast of China

The Old Red Sand is composed of brown-red, red, or orange-yellow semi-cemented and medium-fine sand sediment, mainly dis- tributed along the southeast coast of China. Based on previous studies, this paper summarizes the distribution and forms, sedi- mentary characteristics, formation mechanism, developing age, reddening process and the paleo-environment, suggesting that the Old Red Sand is mainly aeolian sediment of Late Pleistocene Age. The reddening process is mainly the result of decomposition and oxidation of iron-containing minerals caused by hot and humid tropical and sub-tropical climate. In this study, existing prob- lems are discussed and the prospect of further research is presented as well.

A preliminary study on the volcanic intrusive complex type beryllium metallogenic belt from the southeast coast of China

Beryllium(Be)is one of the unsubstitutable key metals in strategic emerging industries and national defense industries,mainly originating from volcanogenic Be deposits.Thus,volcanogenic Be deposits have become important research objects of key metal deposits,with a focus on their occurrence,metallogenic mechanism,and resource distribution.In the southeast coast of China,the Late Mesozoic volcanic intrusive complex has a good Be metallogenic background,and strong Be mineralization occurs in some areas.Field geological investigation and analyses of samples from Southeast Zhejiang as well as Northeast and Southeast Fujian indicate that Be mineralization in the southeast coast of China is closely related to the hydrothermal processes in the volcanic intrusive complex.In Southeast Zhejiang,Be ore in the Qingtian area mainly occurs in granite porphyry,with the Be content reaching 939 ppm,while strong Be mineralization from Zhangji rhyolite porphyry in the Pingyang area contains up to 11400 ppm Be.In Xiapu County,Northeastern Fujian,the Dawan Be deposit is characterized by constituents of helvite and beryl.In Pinghe County,Southeastern Fujian,the Fulishi Be ore is a quartz vein beryl-type ore.These results suggest that the volcanic intrusive complex area in the southeast coast of China has a wide range of Be mineralization and better Be metallogenic potential,and it is expected to become an important Be metallogenic belt in China.Thus,we should thoroughly investigate the Be resources of granite porphyry,rhyolite porphyry,quartz porphyry,and quartz vein in this volcanic rock area,which can provide a theoretical basis for the exploration and guiding prospecting of volcanic intrusive complex Be deposits.

Bioactive potential of some economically important marine gastropods along the Gulf of Mannar region,southeast coast of India

Objective:To analyse the economically important gastropods for prospective antimicrobial,antioxidant and cytotoxic activities from the Gulf of Mannar region,southeast coast of India.Methods:The bioactive potential of some gastropods i.e.Babylonia spirata(B.spirata),Phalium glaucum,Tonna dolium,Hemifusus pugilinus,Xancus pyrum,Chicoreus ramosus(C.ramosus),Harpa articularis,Ficus ficus and Babylonia zeylanica were analysed.Antimicrobial activity was carried out against 8 human pathogenic bacteria and 3 fungal strains by well diffusion method.Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities were analyzed by standard methods.Results:In antibacterial and antifungal activities,methanolic extract of B.spirata significantly showed the highest inhibition zone against Aeromonas hydrophila and Fusarium spp.(P>0.05).In the total antioxidant activity,the maximum activity was observed in B.spirata(510μg/mg)and in the 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity,B.spirata showed the highest percentage of inhibition(76.7%).In the case of cytotoxicity i.e.brine shrimp lethality tests the methanolic extract of C.ramosus showed the lowest percentage of mortality and the LC50 values were found to be 523.9μg/mL.Conclusions:The results revealed that all the gastropods in the present study possessed antimicrobial,antioxidant and cytotoxic effects.However,species like B.spirata and C.ramosus exhibited potent activity and can be used for further clinical studies.

Research on Micro-relief of Active Faults on the Coast of Southeast Fujian and Its Adjacent Area

On the southeast coast of Fujian and its adjacent area, the NE-trending Changle-Zhao＇an fault zone and several NW-trending faults that are genetically related to the former are well developed. With micro-relief analysis, the paper deals with the Quaternary activity of the faults and the tectonic stress field since the late Pleistocene in this region. The results indicate that the micro-relief of the NE-trending Changle-Zhao＇an fault zone and the genetically related NW-trending faults is characterized by vertical and horizontal movements since the Quaternary; the faults in the region have undergone two active stages since the Quaternary, i.e. early Quaternary and late Pleistocene; since the late Pleistocene, the movement of the NE- trending faults showed a right-lateral strike-slip, while that of NW-trending faults a left-lateral strike-slip, indicating a NWW-SEE oriented horizontal principal stress of the regional tectonic stress field.

Chinalco Southeast Coast Aluminum Deep Processing Base Started Construction in Fuzhou

At the end of August,Chinalco Southeast Coast Aluminum Deep Processing Base broke ground at the Fujian-Taiwan(Fuzhou)Industrial Park for Blue Economy.Based on Chilco Ruimin(an aluminum processing subsidiary of Chinalco in Fujian Province)as the main body,Chinalco

Two new species of Eirenidae from the coast of southeast China

Through the examination of 377 samples collected from the Taiwan Straits, two new species of Eirenidae, i. e. , Eirene octonemalis n. sp. and Eutima krampi n. sp. are described. All type specimens are deposited at the Department of Oceanography, Xiamen University.

闽北邵武地区玄武安山岩的成因和意义——来自年代学、地球化学及Nd-Hf同位素的约束

东南沿海地区中生代火山岩研究成果颇丰,但有关中侏罗世晚期基性火山岩的报道较少,限制了对该区域中生代构造-岩浆活动及大地构造演化的深入理解。本文对江绍断裂带东南侧邵武地区的中生代火山岩开展了系统的岩石学、锆石U-Pb年代学、锆石Lu-Hf同位素、地球化学和Sm-Nd同位素研究。结果显示:邵武地区玄武安山岩喷发年龄为(161.0±2.0)Ma;同位素地球化学结果显示,这些样品中—晚侏罗世锆石的ε_(Hf)(t)值介于-14.33~-10.41之间,ε_(Nd)(t)值较低(-9.2~-8.4),反映富集Nd同位素的特征;岩石地球化学结果表明,该套火山岩具有高w(Al_(2)O_(3))、w(Na_(2)O)、低w(MgO)、w(TFe_(2)O_(3))等特征,稀土总量较低,稀土配分曲线为右倾型,且具弱的Eu负异常,大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba和K相对富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、P等相对亏损。综合岩石学和地球化学研究结果,本文认为邵武玄武安山岩起源于交代岩石圈地幔的部分熔融,并经历一定结晶的分异作用,其大地构造背景总体为板内环境。结合前人对区域构造-岩浆活动的认识,本文认为在中侏罗世晚期,太平洋俯冲板片发生回撤、撕裂,导致幔源岩浆底侵并置换了古老壳源岩石,从而东南沿海地区虽整体处于挤压背景,但仍存在局部拉张环境。

粤东河源盆地的深部构造、沉积序列与盆地演化

粤东河源盆地是东南沿海规模较大的晚中生代—新生代陆相盆地之一,发育有较为完整的晚白垩世—新近纪地层。研究该盆地的深部构造、控盆断裂、沉积序列和盆地的形成发展,对于认识东南沿海晚中生代—新近纪的大地构造演化有重要意义。通过对野外地质调查、地球物理反射剖面和约两千米的地质科学钻探等数据资料的综合研究,查明了河源盆地为中生代—新生代沉积断陷盆地,地层结构清晰,沉积基底为早古生代地层,并建立了该盆地晚白垩世—新近纪的三阶段沉积序列;该盆地发育渐新世的火山岩,揭示了控盆边界断裂及内部构造发育特征,暗示了原型盆地的破坏发生于晚新生代:即盆地南北两侧紫金—博罗逆冲断层和河源断裂带在晚古近纪—新近纪强烈地改造了原型盆地;基于以上认识,初步恢复了河源盆地的形成演化历史,构建了河源盆地沉积序列-构造演化模式。

“双碳”背景下闽东南沿海城市通风光伏屋顶设计策略研究——以福州市某高校体育馆为例

“双碳”目标下,光伏发电被作为减碳有效手段快速发展,传统通风屋顶由于达不到理想效益被逐渐淘汰。以福州市为例,通过考虑风向指标和太阳高度角,研究一种适用于东南沿海城市的通风光伏屋顶。采用Cite Space数据分析、Ecotect和PHOENICS软件数据模拟检验研究假设,得出新型可调节通风光伏屋顶能最大限度利用太阳辐射实现产能效益,根据季节调整安置角度能够有效改善建筑室内热环境的结论。对“双碳”目标下未来城市建筑更新起到良好的推进作用。

基于遥感数据的中国东南沿海地区蒸散发时空演变特征分析

以中国东南沿海6个省市地区为研究区,基于GLEAM卫星遥感数据对该区1980-2020年地表蒸散发的时空演变特征进行分析研究。研究利用Mann–Kendall趋势检验和功率谱小波分析,分别从年、季节等尺度分析了蒸散发的变化趋势和周期特征。结果表明,我国东南沿海地区近40年的地表蒸散发呈现显著的增加趋势,增速为1.87 mm/a。其中,夏季对于年蒸散发量的贡献最大,贡献率为36.15%;春季对于蒸散发量增速的贡献最大,贡献率为36.73%。蒸散发在年尺度上无明显的周期性,但在季节尺度上却表现出明显的周期性规律。研究结果可为我国东南沿海地区水文循环演变规律等研究工作提供科学参考。

福建地区上部地壳结构深地震测深探测研究

位于中国大陆东南缘的福建地区是东南沿海的一个活动构造带,有着复杂的形成和演化历史。为了认识该区浅部地壳结构和基底构造特征,利用福建地区4条NE向深地震测深测线的Pg波走时数据,使用有限差分层析成像方法,获得了4条剖面上部地壳的精细速度结构,揭示了该区上部地壳速度结构的横向变化、基底构造以及断裂浅部特征。4条剖面速度介于4700~6100 m/s,自西向东速度变化逐渐增强,构造单元边界两侧基底速度横向变化明显;4条剖面结晶基底界面埋深介于1.0~6.0 km,由北往南有所加深,基底面的起伏与构造凸起和凹陷对应;闽西北隆起带的上部结构速度整体偏高且界面埋深较浅,与变质基底有关;闽西南拗陷带的上部地壳结构高低速变化明显且界面形态呈深浅间隔变化,与该区的断陷盆地和拗陷与隆起交错的地质构造相对应;东南沿海中生代岩浆带的上部地壳速度高、变化大,表明华南大陆东部所受的构造活动强于西部。剖面经过的NW向断裂带都切割基底,与该区的地质构造和构造变形的主方向一致,反映了受古太平洋板块NW向的俯冲−碰撞挤压作用。研究成果为获得东南沿海重要的NW向构造深浅关系提供浅部地震学证据。

中国东部地热异常区深层高温分布特征与动力学背景

中国东部的东北地热异常区、华北及华东地热异常区、东南丘陵-沿海地热异常区是中国重要的地热资源区,研究其深部地温分布特征与动力学背景对合理开发、高效利用地热资源具有重要的科学意义。中国东部自北向南,地热地质条件及热源成因各不相同。东北地区地热资源主要分布在长白山、松辽盆地、二连盆地以及依兰-伊通裂谷地堑,是火山、裂谷地堑、深断裂活动区,其深部热源与地温分布主要与西太平洋现代俯冲板片的岩浆活动有关。华北及华东地区地热资源主要分布在渤海湾盆地、南华北盆地群、郯庐断裂带的临沂-郯城段以及苏北盆地,是裂谷地堑、活动深断裂、岩溶热储发育区,其深部热源及地温分布主要与青藏高原东向挤出、太平洋俯冲后撤导致的盆地伸展、断陷以及深大断裂带走滑活动有关。东南丘陵-沿海地区地热资源主要分布在广东中西部、江西中南部以及福建东北部,是火山、岩体放射性高值区,其深部热源及地温分布主要与南海张裂、岩石圈减薄的岩浆活动有关。深部地温及居里面计算结果表明:中国东部地热异常区热流值≥80 mW/m^(2)的点在10 km深度的地温分别为,东北260~360℃,华北及华东270~400℃,东南丘陵-沿海地区260~340℃。在居里温度统一取475℃的条件下,居里面深度分别为:东北14.7~23.7 km,平均20.5 km;华北及华东18.4~26.5 km,平均22.1 km;东南丘陵-沿海地区16.9~24.9 km,平均21.9 km。综合分析认为,中国东部存在3种不同特征的地热资源区:长白山、东营等地,浅层地温高,居里面浅,地幔热源浅;松辽盆地中部的大安-大庆之间、渤中坳陷北侧的唐山等地,浅层地温高,但居里面深,地幔热源深;泉州-漳州之间浅层地温低,但居里面浅,地幔热源浅。

激光云高仪探测中国东南沿海云分布特征

利用Vaisala CL51激光云高仪对厦门地区2016年1月1日至2020年12月31日5年的云探测数据,采用时间占比算法计算出云分数,并对云层、云高以及云分数分布规律进行统计分析。结果表明:中国东南沿海云层结构以单层云为主(占比43.59%),双层云为辅(占比16.42%),三层以上云出现的概率相对较低(占比5.25%)。观测期间以中低云为主,与其他季节相比,夏季的云分布密度的集中度较小,存在较大云底间距。高云更可能出现在18时至次日06时的时段内,夏季尤为显著,表现出明显的日变化特征。

我国东南沿岸及复杂山地近31年主汛期降水气候特征分析

选取福建省1990—2020年4—9月国家自动气象站逐小时降水资料,采用数理统计和百分位法等对我国东南沿岸及复杂山地近31年主汛期降水气候特征进行研究。结果表明:(1)我国东南沿岸及复杂山地近31年主汛期降水极不均匀,强降水带位于山区,平原盆地降水较弱;全省年平均降水量为1216.60 mm,年降水量最大值在东部柘荣、周宁、寿宁和宁德等山地,超过1500 mm,最小值位于东南沿岸地区,不足500 mm;(2)降水标准差分布受极端强降水影响较大,90%、95%、99%百分位极端强降水在东部、西北部和南部年降水量波动大且强度较强,中部地区较弱且相对平均值变幅较小;(3)上述气候特征受到复杂地形因素的影响,高海拔山地丘陵地形复杂,东南沿岸多平原盆地,海陆差异较大,降水具有极强的不均匀性。

中国东南沿海农村居民点整治潜力评价方法

科学评价农村居民点整治潜力,是进行土地综合整治规划的重要环节。该文根据中国东南沿海区农村居民点整治的特点,从扩展可利用空间等5个影响因素层面构建了农村居民点整治潜力评价指标体系,根据评价指标的作用从中选取了筛选因子和全局影响因子,在此基础上提出了筛选法、多因素综合法、整体调控法相结合的综合潜力计算方法,并分析了三个层次的潜力结果表达方式。最后以江苏省高邮市为例,验证对该综合评价方法的合理性。该文提出的农村居民点整治潜力评价方法,从土地综合整治规划的需求出发,兼顾了评价的全面性和主导性,可为中国其他县市开展土地综合整治规划提供参考。

1997年底中国东南沿海大规模赤潮原因生物的形态分类与生态学特征

1997年11月底和12月19—25日对同年11月中旬至12月底发生于广东饶平县柘林湾及南澳岛周围海域的大规模赤潮的生物学、生态学及其危害进行了调查。研究表明，此次赤潮的原因生物是棕囊藻Phaeocystispouchetii。这种赤潮生物在其生活史中有游泳单细胞和群体胶质囊2个生活阶段。游泳单细胞为球形或卵圆形，大小为6．0—7．2μm，有2根不等长的鞭毛和1根定鞭丝。群体胶质囊为球形或近球形，直径为110μm—2．6cm。直径在150μm以下的小胶质囊呈略似实心的球体，细胞分布不均，大小只有3．1－5．2μm；当直径大于200μm后，胶质囊已呈中空状，细胞均匀地分布在胶质囊表面，细胞大小增至62－7．4μm，群体胶质囊细胞内的2个林状叶绿体沿着细胞周壁相向嵌合。在赤潮高峰期，棕囊藻胶质囊遍布柘林湾，湾外的赤潮带达十数公里长，细胞密度最高为25×108cells／L，占浮游植物总细胞数的99．7％。此次赤潮的诱因主要是受1997—1998年度史上最强的厄尔尼诺现象的影响，导致我国东南沿海冬季气候反常，气温升高，东南风频。

福建太姥山地区花岗岩岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义

福建太姥山位于中国东南沿海地带,是晚中生代太平洋板块与欧亚板块相互作用的重要地区。野外和岩相学分析表明该地区花岗岩岩类分布广泛,岩性以钾长花岗岩为主。岩石中发育典型的显微文象结构,缺少暗色矿物。岩石具高硅、富碱、贫钙镁和高分异指数等特点,属高钾钙碱性系列和准铝质-弱过铝质花岗岩类。岩石稀土元素含量较高,配分模式呈轻稀土富集并缓向右倾斜、重稀土较为平坦、呈明显铕负异常的海鸥型展布;多数花岗岩具有Rb、U、Th、La等元素强烈富集而Ba、Sr、P、Ti等元素相对亏损的特点。锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb同位素定年结果表明,太姥山地区花岗岩的成岩年龄为96.6±1.6Ma(MSWD=0.65),属燕山晚期岩浆活动的产物。岩石学、岩相学和地球化学特征均表明太姥山地区花岗岩属于A型花岗岩范畴。其岩浆来源为地壳物质的部分熔融,并可能有少量地幔物质的加入。结合多组地球化学图解、野外地质和区域背景及年代学判定该地区花岗岩形成于后碰撞的伸展构造环境。在早、晚白垩世之交,中国东南大陆边缘处于不断伸展之中,导致大量的构造-岩浆活动,太姥山地区A型花岗岩正是在这样的背景下形成的。

东南沿海中生代火山岩带地球化学特征

中国东南沿海位于太平洋板块和欧亚板块的结合处,广泛分布着中生代火山岩,并伴随有大规模的成矿作用。酸性火山岩占绝对优势,基性-中性火山岩仅零星出露。酸性和中性火山岩为一套富碱、富钾、富铝、低钛的高钾钙碱性系列,基性火山岩为一套富硅贫碱的高钾和中钾钙碱性系列。从基性到酸性火山岩稀土分馏和铕的负异常逐渐加剧。基性火山岩贫Nb、Zr、Y,弱富集Ba、Hf、Th、Ce。中性火山岩和酸性火山岩贫Ba、Ti、P、Nb、Zr、Ta、Sr,强烈富集Pb。通过主量、微量和稀土元素的研究认为,基性火山岩和酸性火山岩为独立的岩浆起源,在中生代,东南沿海广泛存在着玄武岩的底侵作用,给下地壳提供了大量的热源,从而诱发了下地壳重熔,形成了大量的酸性火山岩。中性火山岩由酸性和基性岩浆混合形成,其地球化学特征主要受酸性岩浆的制约。