Exploration on Ideological and Political Construction of Higher Vocational English Course in Southern Xinjiang from the Perspective of "Cultural Confidence"

At present,the lack of Chinese culture in higher vocational English teaching in southern Xinjiang is serious.The existing English curriculum system is not enough to support the goal of cultivating ethnic minority college students cultural confidence,and its curriculum ideological and political construction is still in the initial stage of exploration.The combination of the Chinese national culture and the ethnic culture of Xinjiang and the ideological and political elements organically integrated into cultural confidence have endowed the vocational English education in Xinjiang with the characteristics of the times.In this paper,from the perspective of China s"cultural confidence",ideological and political elements were explored,and the background of ideological and political construction in higher vocational English teaching course in southern Xinjiang was analyzed;it is expounded that the ideological and political construction is an inevitable requirement for the high-quality development of vocational English education in southern Xinjiang,and the content design and implementation path of higher vocational English course was explored to provide new ideas and new ways for the curriculum ideological and political construction of higher vocational English teaching in southern Xinjiang.

Research on Identification Method of Apple Diseases in Southern Xinjiang Based on Deep Learning and Its System Implementation

Apple disease samples were collected from the southern Xinjiang and annotated to design a convolutional neural network model based on deep learning.The accuracy and robustness of the model was improved through training and optimization algorithms,and a complete apple disease identification system was developed with the model as the core,and evaluated for its performance in terms of accuracy,recall rate and speed.This study provides a reliable AI-based apple disease diagnosis solution for the apple planting industry in the southern Xinjiang,hoping to help farmers better manage and protect crop health.

Adjusted Nutrition Solution Formula Improves the Growth and Yield of Soilless Tomato Culture in Southern Xinjiang

The tomato production facilities in southern Xinjiang have unique climatic conditions.However,due to the high salinity and degree of mineralization of the soil and the extensive management of irrigation water sources,the tomato production efficiency is low,and there is still much room for improvement.In this study,the formulas of tomato nutrient solutions were adjusted according to the local irrigation water quality characteristics,and tomato was grown in a greenhouse using sand cultivation.To select a nutrient solution formula suitable for the tomato cultivated in the local facilities,various parameters of tomato treated with different formulas were compared.The results showed the following:①Adjusting the nutrient solution formula could effectively improve the vegetative and reproductive growth indexes of tomato.②Properly decreasing the nutrient solution concentration could improve the growth indexes of tomato.③Decreases in Ca^(2+) and Mg^(2+) in the nutrient solution did not affect the growth and yield of tomato.The possible reason for the third result was that excessive cations in the water inhibited the absorption of Ca^(2+) and Mg^(2+) in the nutrient solution and had antagonistic effects.Therefore,a high nutrient solution concentration does not necessarily promote the growth of tomatoes.In summary,this study will improve the production conditions of protected tomato in the southern Xinjiang area by supporting tomato nutrient solution adjustments according to actual conditions in combination with reasonable irrigation systems and scientific management.

Historical climate changes in southern Xinjiang

Based on the synthetic researches of multi-index geologic records of Niya section, which are of high resolution in southern margin of the Tarim Basin, together with other geologic records in southern Xinjiang, this paper has reconstructed the history of paleoclimatic changes in this region since about 4.00 ka BP. During the last 4.00 ka, the region of southern Xinjiang has experienced alternations of relative cold-wet and relative warm-dry periods. Three remarkable cold-wet periods (4.00-3.45 ka BP., 2.50-1.90 ka BP., ca.1.40-1.00 ka BP.) and three warm-dry periods (3.45-2.50 ka BP., 1.90-1.40 ka BP., 1.00 ka BP.-present) are identified. It is shown that human activities have an intimate relation with the evolution of paleoclimate in southern Xinjiang.

Research on the Seismotectonic Zones and Seismicity State in the Southern Xinjiang Region

Based on the studies of earthquake activity, tectonic movement, crustal shortening rate, fault activity, local stress field and historical characteristics of strong earthquake activities in Xinjiang, we divide the south part of Xinjiang into 4 seismotectonic zones, namely, the eastern segment of south Tianshan seismic belt, the Kalpin block, the Kashi-Wuqia junction zone, and the west Kunlun Mountains seismic belt. Using earthquake catalogues from Xinjiang since 1900, and on the basis of integrity analysis of earthquake records in different magnitude ranges, the seismicity state of different seismotectonic zones is analyzed quantificationaUy by calculating the mean value of annual strain energy release, annual rate of earthquakes with different lower limits of magnitude, b-value, and the parameter m of accelerating strain release model. The characteristic indexes of seismicity state for each of the seismic tectonic zones are then determined, which provide a quantitative basis for earthquake tendency analysis and judgment.

Current Status of Greenhouse Tomato Production in Aksu Area of Southern Xinjiang

With the implementation of the "13^(th) Five-Year Plan" to promote the border area and raise rural living standards, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps has paid more and more attention to the development of protected agriculture, which is needed for the comprehensive development and stability of the border groups. In this paper, the current status of greenhouse tomato production in Aksu of southern Xinjiang is analyzed and summarized, finding the following: the structure is not reasonable with poor performance; the soilless cultivation mode is gradually developed, and there are innovative forms; the fertilization structure is not reasonable and needs improvement; the technical level is low, and it needs to be upgraded. Therefore, to solve the various problems that exist at present, some efforts are needed achieve a better production model.

Surface pollen and modern vegetation in Southern Xinjiang,China

The study of modern pollen,and vegetation can improve the accuracy of paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on fossil pollen data.A total of 188 pollen surface samples were collected from Southern Xinjiang(34°00’–43°00’N,74°00’–94°00’E)in China,with an elevation range of 888–4530 m.Surface pollen and vegetation were studied in the northern region of the Kunlun Mountains and the southern region of the Tianshan Mountains.The results showed that the surface pollen assemblages on the southern slope of the Tianshan Mountains(3530–1124 m)were divided into three pollen zones,namely,montane steppe,montane desert steppe,and montane desert.These zones were dominated by Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,and Ephedra pollen.The surface pollen assemblages in the eastern Pamir Plateau(4530–1287 m)could be divided into alpine meadow,montane desert steppe,and montane desert zones,which were predominantly characterized by Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,and Asteraceae pollen.However,the Southern Tarim Basin(3548–888 m)comprised montane desert steppe and montane desert zones,which was dominated by Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae pollen.The geographic distribution of the surface pollen sites obtained using ArcGIS,the R-value,and Pearson correlation analyses indicated that the over-represented Picea and Pinus pollen were of external origin and were transported by wind,water(rivers),and ice(glacier movement).Over-representation of Ephedra and Nitraria pollen was mainly distributed in the montane desert and desert steppe zones,respectively.Pollen from Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia were over-represented and broadly distributed across Southern Xinjiang.Juglans pollen was concentrated in areas with walnut trees,strongly indicating the presence of local parent plants.According to the Hybrid Singleparticle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model,more Pinus pollen was transported to the Pamir region by external airflows during spring and summer,resulting in its higher surface pollen content.Research elucidating the relationship between modern pollen and vegetation in southern Xinjiang could provide data describing the surface palynological database of Xinjiang for use in large-scale paleoenvironmental reconstructions.

How did high temperature extremes in southern Xinjiang,China induce the repaid rise in jujube futures prices in the summer of 2021?

In the summer of 2021,southern Xinjiang,China,experienced a temporary period of high temperature extremes.Because of this weather event,jujube futures prices rose by more than 50%in a short time.To clarify the influence mechanism of these two events,we investigated the current status of jujube farming and collected investors’online comments.We analysed these comments specifically using textual analysis tools,such as co-word networks.Results showed that the concerns of investors about the reduction in jujube production triggered by high temperature extremes were the primary reason for the rapid rise in jujube futures prices.Especially in combination with the cultivation density of jujube and their adaptability to the growing environment,a new understanding can be obtained.That is to say,when a crop is excessively densely cultivated in a region and is highly sensitive to a meteorological variable anomaly at a certain growth stage,a less destructive local extreme weather event could induce severe panic among investors regarding production reduction and thus influence the normal changes in futures price.In response to the impact mechanisms revealed in this study,we proposed policy recommendations,such as strengthening the degree of crop damage disclosure and designing weather futures derivatives,to address similar situations in the future.This study not only fills the gap in the research on the impact paths of high temperature extremes on jujube futures prices but also has a reference value for securing the stability of futures prices of related agricultural products in the future.

Moisture transport and sources of an extreme rainfall event of June 2021 in southern Xinjiang, China

A highly extreme rainfall event occurred during June 15-17,2021(21·6 event)over southern Xinjiang(SXJ)of China,with daily rainfall overwhelming the climatological annual total at three national stations along the north of Kunlun Mountains.During this event,the SXJ is situated upstream of the 500 hPa trough line and close to the 200 hPa upper jet stream entrance,favouring the upper(lower)level divergence(convergence)with intensified ascending motions and prominent moisture convergence.We examined the moisture paths and sources for this significant rainfall event using the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLT)model.The findings indicate that the majority of the moisture sources are located in areas west of the SXJ,extending from central Asia to the North Atlantic,whereas only a small number of trajectories originate from areas south or east of the SXJ.Seven relevant moisture sources for the rainfall event have been divided.About 80.0%of the total moisture is contributed by central Asia,which ranks top in terms of moisture contribution(∼33.2%),north Eurasia(∼25.7%),and water areas(∼17.7%),including the Mediterranean,Black and Caspian Sea region,while fractional moisture contributions among the other four regions are all below 8.0%.When compared to other parts of China(such as South China and East China),where southerly and/or easterly trajectories are the predominant moisture channels,the distribution patterns of moisture trajectories during this event are noticeably different.

新疆南部暴雨研究:科学认知与主要进展

新疆南部(简称“南疆”)是典型的干旱区,地形和下垫面复杂,生态环境脆弱,对气候变化异常敏感。在全球变暖背景下,近年来南疆暴雨发生频率和强度明显增加,引起社会广泛关注。通过综述南疆干旱区暴雨的科学认知、研究进程和最新研究进展,得出南疆暴雨具有降水集中度高、相对强度大、极端性强、空间分布不均匀等特点。南疆暴雨研究经过了从大降水个例到多尺度相互作用机理和数值模拟发展应用的阶段,目前在南疆暴雨的重要影响天气系统和水汽输送等方面取得新的科学认识。

新疆南疆地区农村人力资本投资对农民非农收入的提升路径研究——基于南疆四地州微观数据的考量

基于微观视角对南疆四地州农村短期人力资本投资进行分解,探究南疆四地州农村劳动力非农收入提升路径。通过对南疆四地州调查的数据进行贝叶斯网络构建,预测所构建指标与非农收入之间的因果关系及重要性;通过fsQCA分析法,以11个前因条件为依托,提取南疆四地州农村农民非农收入的提升路径。研究结果表明:农户非农收入与劳动力健康投资联系最为密切,且农户非农收入受限于自身禀赋;新疆南疆四地州非农收入有四条提升路径:“健康投资+自身禀赋+培训投资”驱动型、“自身禀赋+健康投资”推动型、健康较差的全要素推动型和受教育较差的全要素推动型。综合四条路径可知,劳动者年龄、受教育水平、健康状况、是否有职业证书、教育支出、医药费是南疆四地州非农收入提升的核心条件;从短期来看,非农收入的提升得益于农户自身资源禀赋和上年的短期技术培训投资。基于以上结论,提出建议:重视南疆四地州农村人力资本开发,增强财政支农力度,优先健康投资,兼顾技术培训投资,着重教育投资,做好农村人力资源向人力资本的转换,更好地服务于新疆农业现代化。

不同肥密措施对南疆水稻抗倒伏及干物质生产特性和产量的影响

以新稻36号为材料,在南疆地区进行了以氮肥水平(N)作为主区、栽插密度(D)作为副区的田间裂区试验。结果表明,随施氮量增加,第1节间长度、第2节间长度、弯曲力矩、株高和重心高度显著增加,抗折力则先增后降以N2处理(纯N 240 kg/hm^(2))最高;合理密植能够控制个体发育,降低节间长度、弯曲力矩、株高与重心高度;茎秆倒伏指数由上述因素共同影响,施氮量240 kg/hm^(2)、栽插密度20.83~27.78万丛/hm^(2)的处理抗倒伏性较优。花后干物质积累量对籽粒贡献占比为51.69%~76.14%,是籽粒干物质积累量的主要来源,适当增施氮肥能够提高花后干物质积累量与积累率;过量施肥则会使干物质在花前的积累量增大,多用于营养器官生长,不利于向籽粒转运。适度密植有利于提高花后干物质积累量,D4处理(27.78万丛/hm^(2))较其他处理提高18.06%~30.22%,同时也促进了干物质向籽粒的转运。综合来看,施氮量240 kg/hm^(2)、栽插密度27.78万丛/hm^(2)时能显著改善水稻地上部分干物质的比例及干物质分配,且未发生倒伏,有利于产量提高。

乡村振兴背景下新疆林果业发展研究进展的可视化分析

研究新疆林果业发展对于促进农民增收、推动农村经济发展、实现乡村全面振兴具有重要意义。基于中国知网数据库,以“新疆林果业”文献为研究对象,借助CiteSpace软件,对年度发文量、研究机构、发文作者和关键词等进行分析。结果表明,发文量总体波动较大,数量较少,近2年呈上升趋势;研究机构主要集中在农业类高校,部分集中在科研机构;以依米提·肉孜、司地克江·艾外力为核心的团队研究成果最为丰富,但尚未形成较稳定的核心作者群;研究热点集中在品牌建设、发展对策、特色林果、林果产品、产业发展、机械化等方面。未来研究应加强研究单位、研究作者之间的合作,创新研究视角,拓展研究内容,推进多学科融合,将新疆林果业发展与实施乡村振兴战略相结合,推动新疆林果业高质量发展。

3种抗凝血类杀鼠剂在喀什农区防治害鼠效果及对家禽的安全性评价

为确定适于防治南疆农区鼠害的抗凝血类杀鼠剂,在喀什地区疏勒县采用夹捕法、食饵法、粉迹法评估了杀鼠醚、溴敌隆、溴鼠灵的防治效果,并采用灌胃法给药测试3种杀鼠剂对家鸡Gallus domestiaus和鸽子Columba livia的安全性。结果表明,连续投放毒饵10 d后,与溴敌隆防治区相比,杀鼠醚防治区的阳性粉块和无毒小麦取食量的下降幅度均无显著差异,但无毒小麦取食量下降的农户比例更高;且防治后褐家鼠比例更低,防治期间毒饵消耗量更高。连续单独投放溴敌隆30 d的灭鼠效果可达90.9%,但10 d溴敌隆与20 d溴鼠灵联合防治防效仅为65.9%。灌胃法测试表明,对当地家禽类的毒性从低到高依次为杀鼠醚、溴敌隆和溴鼠灵。因此,建议优选毒性较低的杀鼠醚或溴敌隆用于南疆农区鼠害防治。

1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期的动态变化

物候是气候变化的感应器,能客观反映气候变化对棉花生长周期的影响。为探究气候暖湿化背景下南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期的动态变化,选取1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期数据,运用距平、累积距平、Mann-Kendall非参数检验和滑动t检验等统计学方法,分析南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花物候期动态变化及其突变情况。结果表明,1990—2020年南疆阿拉尔垦区棉花平均播种期、出苗期、现蕾期、开花期、吐絮期和停止生长期分别出现在4月14日、4月29日、6月3日、7月2日、9月17日和10月20日,极差分别为25、23、20、22、44和24 d。1990—2020年垦区棉花播种期和出苗期均呈现极显著提前趋势,表现为“显著提前-稍微提前”的过程变化;开花期和停止生长期均呈现显著提前趋势,表现为“显著提前-稍微提前”的过程变化;吐絮期提前和现蕾期延迟均不显著。1990—2020年垦区棉花现蕾期、开花期和吐絮期阶段性变化特征明显,主要表现在现蕾期的阶段性推迟、吐絮期的阶段性提前、开花期的阶段性推迟与提前上,棉花播种期、出苗期和停止生长期阶段性变化特征不明显。研究结果为更好地评估气候暖湿化背景下垦区棉花生长和科学管理棉田提供理论依据。

南疆膜下滴灌棉花咸淡水轮灌模式研究

[目的]探究不同咸淡水轮灌方式对南疆膜下滴灌棉田水盐、棉花生长及产量的影响,寻求安全、高效、高产的咸淡水轮灌制度。[方法]以棉花为研究对象,在新疆阿拉尔现代农业综合试验站开展大田试验,试验共设置9个咸淡水轮灌处理,探究不同的咸淡水轮灌处理对土壤水盐、棉花生长及产量的影响。[结果]棉花生育期内,随着灌溉微咸水比例的增大,土壤水盐量呈增加趋势,相同微咸水占比条件下,棉花生育前期连续灌溉淡水有利于降低根区土壤盐分水平。微咸水灌溉占比越大对棉花的生长抑制作用越大,花铃期适量的微咸水灌溉有利于促进棉花的生殖生长,但微咸水灌溉频率过高会显著降低棉花的单铃质量。适宜的咸淡水轮灌方式既要保证棉花生育前期的营养生长也要在花铃期适时适量灌溉微咸水以促进棉花生殖生长。[结论]南疆棉花种植中,灌溉微咸水占比不宜过高,建议在苗期、蕾期及花铃前期减少微咸水灌溉频率,在花铃期适当提高微咸水灌溉频率。本研究中最优的咸淡水轮灌处理为“淡淡咸”处理。

基于DPSIR-TOPSIS模型的新疆南疆耕地生态承载力分析

新疆南疆地区生态环境脆弱,探究其耕地生态承载力状况与障碍因子,可为区域高质量发展和生态文明建设提供决策依据。从耕地可持续化发展角度,利用DPSIR模型构建综合评价指标体系,采用改进的TOPSIS法、障碍度模型对2007—2020年新疆南疆耕地生态承载力进行了水平测度与障碍因子诊断研究。结果表明,新疆南疆耕地生态承载力整体水平不高,呈“N”型波动性变化趋势,各子系统变化情况不一。各地州耕地生态承载力差异明显,大多处于承载较差区和承载低级区;耕地绿化率、人均水资源量、土地垦殖率是影响新疆南疆耕地生态承载力水平提升的主要障碍因子。未来应加大生态环境治理力度、提高水资源利用率、合理化耕地开发布局,以提升新疆南疆耕地生态承载力。

南疆部分地区绵羊捻转血矛线虫苯并咪唑抗性相关分子Ⅰ型β-微管蛋白基因的多态性分析

为了解南疆地区绵羊捻转血矛线虫对苯并咪唑类药物的抗性相关分子β-微管蛋白基因的多态性,本研究对克州及喀什的183条捻转血矛线虫成虫进行ITS-2基因特异性PCR鉴定后,对抗药相关的Ⅰ型β-微管蛋白基因进行了扩增和测序,并对该抗药基因的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)167、198和200位点进行了分析。结果:在2个地区种群中,198位点及200位点均发生不同程度突变,且以198位点突变为主,暂未在167位点发生突变;两地共发现了5种基因型,其中198位点纯合敏感型及200位点纯合抗药型(喀什12条占12.37%,克州2条占2.33%),198位点纯合抗药型及200位点纯合敏感型(喀什23条占23.71%,克州7条占8.14%)两地均存在,提示这2个种群都存在抗药性。本研究首次报道了南疆部分地区捻转血矛线虫种群Ⅰ型β-微管蛋白基因存在苯并咪唑类药物抗药性突变,为新疆地区捻转血矛线虫病的有效防控及抗药性研究提供理论依据。

南疆典型灌区春播前表层土壤含水率空间分布研究

采用7种插值方法(反距离权重法、径向基函数法、全局多项式法、局部多项式法、普通克里金法、泛克里金法、经验贝叶斯克里金法)对小海子灌区(南疆典型灌区)土壤含水率进行空间分布特征评估。结果表明:(1)研究区表层土壤含水率介于4.99%~24.99%,变异系数为27.6%,属于中等变异,且具有中等的空间自相关性,指数模型拟合变异函数的效果较好。(2)对于同时受结构性因素与随机性因素影响的小海子灌区,将确定性插值径向基函数法应用于土壤含水率插值的精度较高。(3)通过对灌区表层土壤含水率空间分布图的分析,发现小海子灌区春播前土壤含水率在空间上呈现出西南高、东北低的规律,且受地下水位及灌溉措施影响较大;表层土壤含水率大于15%的面积占总面积的64.9%,从整体上看,灌区西南部与中部的土壤含水率已达到播种要求,东北部地区达到“干播湿出”的播种要求,灌区可安排相应的春播活动。

秸秆还田与沼液配施对盐渍化土壤养分及酶活性的影响

于2023年开展120 d的室内培养试验,设置棉秆全量还田(AS)、低量沼液单施(LB)、高量沼液单施(HB)、棉秆还田配施低量沼液(AS+LB)、棉秆还田配施高量沼液(AS+HB)共5个处理,分别于3、6、10、20、30、40、60、80、100、120 d进行破坏性采样,分析不同处理土壤主要理化指标和关键酶活性的变化,为南疆棉花秸秆在盐渍环境中的高效腐解和沼液合理利用提供参考。结果表明,棉秆还田配施沼液处理的土壤有机质变化呈现快速增加(0~10 d)和慢速积累(>10 d)两个阶段。与棉秆全量还田相比,高量沼液配施处理土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别增加25.15%、35.26%、79.25%和66.90%,土壤过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性分别增加90.67%、66.54%和44.25%,土壤电导率也有所提升。冗余分析(RDA)揭示了有机质是土壤酶活性变化的主控因子,解释了方差变异的54.30%。因此,秸秆还田与沼液配施能够增加棉田盐渍化土壤有机质和全氮含量,促进酶活性增加,但沼液过量配施会增加土壤盐渍化风险。