Simulation of the SMILE Soft X-ray Imager response to a southward interplanetary magnetic field turning

The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)will shine a spotlight on magnetopause dynamics during magnetic reconnection.We simulate an event with a southward interplanetary magnetic field turning and produce SXI count maps with a 5-minute integration time.By making assumptions about the magnetopause shape,we find the magnetopause standoff distance from the count maps and compare it with the one obtained directly from the magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)simulation.The root mean square deviations between the reconstructed and MHD standoff distances do not exceed 0.2 RE(Earth radius)and the maximal difference equals 0.24 RE during the 25-minute interval around the southward turning.

江苏地方医派传承发展张仲景学说刍议

仲景学说自明清开始出现北学南移,此与江苏地方医派关系密切。除刊刻《仲景全书》,精研仲景学术思想外,江苏医家结合当地气候、饮食及患者体质等因素,灵活变通《伤寒杂病论》的证治思路,促进了温病学派的诞生。此外,江苏地方医派秉承寒温一体理论,临证融伤寒、温病之长,同时将此思想融入中医教育中;并且借鉴西方院校教育模式,发展中医学校教育,开辟当代中医教育之先河。文章对江苏中医流派的学术及教育学思想进行了简单阐述,并对后续的中医药数字化科普工作进行了思考及展望,为中医流派的守正创新研究提供思路。

Effects of Southward Flow of Yellow River on Eco-environment of Xu-Huai River Basin

Based on the historical records,the flood disasters in Xu-Huai River Basin caused by southward flow of Yellow River were studied,while its effects on Xu-Huai regional economic,transportation and eco-environment were also highlighted,and finally historical natural disasters were presented in this study.

Analysis of the inter-annual variability and southward expansion of red tides in the Zhejiang coastal waters from 1981 to 2018

A time series dataset spanning 39 years(1981-2018) on red tide events in Zhejiang coastal waters was used to study the characteristics of inter-annual spatial and temporal variations. A distinct inter-annual pattern characterized by low frequency, explosive growth and fluctuating decline stages was found over the studied time scale. Most red tide events occurred in parallel to the bathymetric contour, and 95.4% were located to the west of the 50 m isobath. Additionally, the high-incidence area of red tides is expanding southward. In this paper, local sea surface temperature(SST), mariculture area and secondary industry growth rate are introduced and identified as the main factors influencing the nutrient and hydrometeorological conditions. A multivariate nonlinear regression equation based on these factors was constructed, and the goodness of fit coefficient was 0.907. The causes of the annual variation and high-frequency area in the southward expansion were quantitatively analyzed based on the proposed regression model. Finally, the results indicated that 68.7% of the annual occurrence variation of red tide was due to the SST and mariculture area, which are the main impact factors;however,secondary industry growth could compensate for the nutrient deficiency caused by the sharp mariculture area reduction and decreased SST. The background nutrient level, which is elevated by coastal economic development, especially secondary industry, is the main determinant of the southward expansion. Although the trend of the southward expansion of high-frequency areas has not changed, the red tide frequency in coastal cities has decreased by half and remained at a stable level after 2010 due to substantial economic restructuring and environmental protection.

Southward surface flow in the central South Pacific

A large-scale surface flow with a southward component is proposed for the central South Pacific Ocean based on an interpretation of existing closely spaced and accurately measured temperatures and salinities along two latitudes in two different southern hemisphere winters: 28o S (Scorpio) and five degrees south of that (WOCE). Such a southward flow is not predicted from theory nor is it shown on current charts and globes. The observed longitudinal maximum in surface temperature along 28o S is centered around 130o W and has an amplitude of at least 5o C and an east/west range of about 60o of longitude. This striking feature is most easily explained by horizontal transport from latitudes closer to the equator. Since temperature atlases show that equatorial surface temperatures are always highest in the west, the origin of the warm water probably is toward the western side of the ocean as well. Thus the surface flow surrounding the longitudinal temperature maximum should be directed to the southeast. Where the surface temperatures are maximum the mixed layer depths are relatively large in a convex downward lens with maximum depths of 100 m;a correlation that is consistent with warm water moving south and being cooled from above. Salinities are maximum near the temperature maximum, also suggesting that the source of the surface flow is at low latitudes, where evaporation is usually expected to exceed precipitation. It is conjectured that the large-scale southeastward flow of the South Pacific is the analogue of the northeastward wide warm current off California documented over 30 years ago.

Tectonic Movement and Global Climate Change

Glaciation between northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere were synchronous, the ice age occurred not in high but in low value of the eccentricity of the earth’s orbit. Such facts went against the precession principle of the astronomical theory of ice age. The inhomogeneous distribution of climate consisted with the inhomogeneous distribution of ocean and continent. The north/south antisymmetry may be attributed to southward deviation of the thermal center and northward deviation of the mass center within the mantle demonstrated by seismic tomography. The core - mantle angular momentum makes rotational energy into thermal energy and mantle plumes erupt in the ocean bottom. The earth’s deformation by tidal force makes the eruption of mantle plumes strong. They are the reason that glaciation between the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere are synchronotis and the ice age occurred in low value of the eccentricity of the earth’s orbit. The tectonic movement is playing a most important part in global climate change.

抗战时期《东南日报》的南迁及其出版活动

抗战时期,《东南日报》因受战事的影响,经历了多次迁移,从杭州相继迁至金华、南平、丽水、云和等地。这一时期,其出版活动有以下几个特征:(一)报社虽几经播迁,屡遭劫难,但不断重整残局,不断崛起;(二)多方招聘人才,延揽进步文化人,为报社输入新鲜的血液;(三)调整版面,突出军民抗战、反对妥协投降的主题;(四)副刊《笔垒》思想进步、内容丰富、形式多样,有着极高的声誉。

论中国经济文化重心的南移和迁都

长江同样是中华民族的摇篮 ,中国经济重心的南移、文化重心的南移、人才重心的南移和时代重心的南移 ,决定了迁都的必然性、必要性、可能性和紧迫性 。

Tomographic Imaging of the India-Asia Plate Collisional Tectonics and Mantle Upwelling Beneath Western Tibet

To better understand the lithosphere mantle collision tectonics between the India plate and Asia plate, we determine three dimensional P wave velocity structure beneath western Tibet using 27,439 arrival times from 2,174 teleseismic events recorded by 182 stations of Hi-CLIMB Project and 16 stations in the north of Hi-CLMB. Our tomographic images show the velocity structure significantly difference beneath northern and southern Qiangtang, which can further prove that the Longmu Co-Shuanghu ophiolitic belt is a significant tectonic boundary fault zone. There are two prominent high velocity anomalies and two prominent low velocity anomalies in our images. One obvious high velocity anomalies subduct beneath the Tibet at the long distance near 34°N, whereas it is broke off by an obvious low velocity anomaly under the IYS. We interpret them as northward subducting Indian lithosphere mantle and the low velocity anomanly under IYS likely reflects mantle material upwelling triggered by tearing of the northward subduction Indian lithosphere. The other prominent high velocity anomaly was imaged at a depth from 50 km to 200 km horizontal and up to the northern Qiangtang with its southern edge extending to about 34°N through Hoh Xil block. We infer it as the southward subducting Asia lithosphere mantle. The other widely low velocity anomaly beneath the Qiangtang block lies in the gap between the frontier of India plate and Asia plate, where is the channel of mantle material upwelling.

抗战时期国立北平图书馆重要文献南迁

1933年,山海关沦陷,北平危急。为保证馆藏文献安全,国立北平图书馆开始分批次将重要文献转运至安全地点,最终南迁到南京和上海。七七事变后,南京、上海相继沦陷。国立北平图书馆在敌占区坚守岗位、开展服务、保护文献安全。抗战胜利后,经过清点、回迁、追索工作,当年大部分南迁的珍贵文献得以保全并回到了北京,一部分转运到了台湾,还有一小部分被日军劫掠,至今下落不明。

Characteristics of the Correlation between Regional Water Vapor Transport along with the Convective Action and Variation of the Pacific Subtropical High in 1998

This paper explores the impact of the convective action over the low-latitude region, the water vapor transport around the West Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), and its convective action on the seasonal northward jump and southward withdrawal of the WPSH in summer by using the daily data set of NCEP and TBB for 1998. The research shows that in summer, the WPSH moves northward when the convection over the low-latitude tropical region intensifies and the subsidence region of the meridional vertically vertical circulation in meridional direction circulation over the region of 110?150癊 moves northward. Furthermore, as revealed by diagnostic analysis, the subtropical high moves northward after the obvious weakening of the longitudinal water vapor transport over the region around the subtropical high, but withdraws southward a pentad after the reduction of the latitudinal water vapor transport over the tropical West Pacific region. The research results show that the northward jump and southward withdrawal of the WPSH are closely related to the release of the convective latent heat at low latitudes and the water vapor transport at boundaries around WPSH and its convective action. The numerical simulation further validates the above-mentioned correlation between the variation of the action of the subtropical high and the preceding water vapor transport along with the convection characteristics.

伏羲 廪君 白虎——巴人族源臆说

本文根据有关历史典籍、神话传说以及口碑材料指出 :巴人为伏羲后裔 ,其先祖后照南迁至巴陵 ,号为巴人 ;因尧、舜、禹三代连续不断地攻伐三苗 ,被迫西移至鄂西长阳武落钟离山。巴氏子务相与四姓争神获胜 ,被立为廪君。其后 ,廪君率其族继续西移 ,射杀盐神、君乎夷城 ,建立巴国。巴人之族徽由鸟而蛇而虎 ,最终以白虎为图腾。同时 ,本文对白虎图腾的象喻意义进行了详尽的分析 ,认为白虎图腾以其祥瑞、骁勇、善变、凶残等图语对巴人产生了巨大的影响 ,致使在其势力范围内的不同区域出现了崇白虎、赶白虎。

“天夺其鉴”抑或“早有始谋”——读隋史炀帝东迁诸事札记

隋炀帝执政后期遭遇的雁门之围,是其政治生涯的分水岭。此后他南至洛阳,东向江都,拟渡长江而遇弑,再未返回京师长安。考诸史籍,炀帝东迁构想的萌生当始于雁门。从东都、江都而至丹阳的行进路线,是炀帝启程以来虽然隐微、实质上却一以贯之的计划。围绕这一计划的展开作相应稽考,可以对炀帝在东迁过程中的诸种反常表现与隋末关东、江南的政治形势变化作出更为合理的解释。

根在中原的客家人

在历史上的中原汉人多次南迁中,形成了一支具有特殊生存方式和顽强生命力的特殊民系——客家人。目前,客家人分布在中国17个省区的200多个县市;在海外,则遍布各大洲。全世界客家人总数约1亿左右。客家称谓的由来、客家的姓氏、人口、分布状况、民系特性、传统文化及其与河南在史缘、地缘、血缘上的密切关系,越来越受到海内外众多学者的关注和研究。

Propagation and influence on tropical precipitation of intraseasonal variation over mid-latitude East Asia in boreal winter

The authors investigate the characteristics of propagation and the influence on tropical precipitation of 9–29-day intraseasonal variation over midlatitude East Asia during boreal winter, and find that the intraseasonal wind signal can propagate both eastward and southward. In the case of eastward propagation, the intraseasonal wind signal is mainly confined to the midlatitudes, featuring eastward migration of anomalous cyclones and anticyclones. In the case of southward propagation, intraseasonal meridional wind perturbations may extend from the mid to the low latitudes, and even the equatorial region. The accompanying wind convergence/divergence induces anomalous precipitation in the near-equatorial regions, forming a north–south dipole precipitation anomaly pattern between the southern South China Sea and the eastern China– Japan region. An anomalous meridional overturning circulation plays an important role in linking tropical and midlatitude intraseasonal wind and precipitation variations.

一次寒潮大风沙尘天气预报得失技术分析

从技术角度较全面分析了2010年3月19~20日出现在宁夏固原市一次无降水寒潮大风沙尘天气过程的预报得失情况。结果表明,该寒潮大风沙尘天气是北方小冷槽高速东移南压发展、地面冷锋和冷高压高速移动过境所致,数值预报对500 hPa槽线和地面强气压梯度锋区预报准确,对降温幅度预报基本准确;WRF地面大风区预报较准确。但各类数值预报在温度、湿度、风等要素预报上的误差影响预报判断。特殊的地形温度差异、潮前高温以及锋后干照天气对精确预报有很大影响。

人口迁移流动视角下的文学与地域文化研究——评《文学与地域文化变迁》

一方水土养一方人,而人的到来也影响和塑造着一方水土的文化面貌。人的迁移成为一个时期文学现象和地域文化变迁的重要因素。《文学与地域文化变迁》一书以“变迁”“变动”为主题,系统考察了人口迁移流动对一时之文学、一地之文化产生的影响,视角全新,解剖深刻,是地域文化与文学研究的优秀成果。

抗战胜利后中共的干部调配述论(1945-1949)

抗战胜利后中共陆续向东北以及南方新区展开了大规模的干部调配工作。作为中共历史上一次大规模的干部流动,此次调配对于此后新区地方政权的人事构成产生了重大影响。这些干部的派遣区域看似杂乱无章,实则有规律可循,即与当时五大主力部队的运动轨迹大致契合。面对组织的调遣,逃避、消极乃至抗拒者不乏其人,但大部分干部选择了南下并扎根当地,最终成为新中国发展历程的重要见证者与建设者。

Climatological Features of the Western Pacific Subtropical High Southward Retreat Process in Late Spring and Early Summer

Based on the climatological daily mean NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, NOAA outgoing longwave radiation （OLR） data, and pentad NOAA CMAP precipitation from 1979 to 2006, the variation of the western Pacific subtropical high （WPSH） ridge during late spring and early summer （LSES） and its relationship with the onset of the Asian summer monsoon is discussed from a climatological perspective. It is found that a remarkable southward retreat process （SRP） of the WPSH during LSES appears at both lower and higher levels of the troposphere, with a lifespan of approximate two weeks. Afterwards, the first northward jump of the WPSH occurs. The end date of the WPSH SRP in the upper troposphere is about 10 days earlier than the beginning of the WPSH SRP in the lower troposphere, showing a meaningful leading signal for predicting the WPSH SRP in the lower troposphere and the subsequent northward jump of the WPSH. The WPSH SRP at lower levels happens simultaneously with a notable eastward shift of the WPSH. After the WPSH SRP at lower levels comes to the southernmost position around the end of May, the WPSH ridge axis inclines northward rather than southward with altitude due to the change of the meridional gradient of air temperature. The Asian summer monsoon onset and associated variations in strong convection and rainfall in Asia are closely related to the variations of W＇PSH SRP during LSES. In the mid-late period of the higher-level WPSH SRP, around the end of April, the summer monsoon onset takes place in the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal. Following the start of the lower-level WPSH SRP, the South China Sea （SCS） summer monsoon breaks out （May 14-15）. By the end of the lower-level WPSH SRP, in the beginning of June, the Indian summer monsoon kicks off. Upon the end of the lower-level WPSH return stage, the East Asian summer monsoon begins. The commencement of each component of the Asian summer monsoon system corresponds nicely to a particular stage of the WPSH SRP in the lower or higher troposphere. This offers valuable information for monsoon onset prediction in different sectors of Asia. In addition, it is found that there is a typical wet-dry-wet sandwich precipitation pattern, with two rainfall belts in the regions south and north to the WPSH main body, and a dry belt under it. The variation of this rainfall pattern is related to the shift of the WPSH ridge.

Rice use history in Southeast China:Phytolith evidence from the Nanshan site in Fujian Province

The southern spread of rice agriculture is of great academic interest.Although it already has a broad chronological framework,newly introduced rice use and its impact on local subsistence and ecological systems are still unclear.In this study,we explore these issues by analysing phytoliths recovered from continuous sediments of Cave No.4 at the Nanshan site in Fujian Province,together with evidence from surrounding sites.The results show that rice was introduced into southeast China at 7,500 cal.yr BP,but the dominance of the hunting-gathering system was not challenged until later,between 5,000 and 3,500 cal.yr BP,when cultivation of rice,together with foxtail and broomcorn millets,was widely practiced in the region.This suggests that mixed farming in Southeast China,likely originating around the middle Yangtze River,became widespread and gradually systematic during the previous two-millennium adoption.This rice-millet mixed agricultural system changed the former hunting-gathering subsistence system,promoting the agriculturalization process,cultural prosperity and population growth,thus providing a solid basis for rice expansion and cultural migration to Southeast Asia.