Curved Space-Time at the Planck Scale

This paper presents a physically plausible and somewhat illuminating first step in extending the fundamental principles of mechanical stress and strain to space-time. Here the geometry of space-time, encoded in the metric tensor, is considered to be made up of a dynamic lattice of extremely small, localized fields that form a perfectly elastic Lorentz symmetric space-time at the global (macroscopic) scale. This theoretical model of space-time at the Planck scale leads to a somewhat surprising result in which matter waves in curved space-time radiate thermal gravitational energy, as well as an equally intriguing relationship for the anomalous dispersion of light in a gravitational field.

Coulomb Force, Charge, and Electric Properties under Collision Space-Time

We have recently published a series of papers on a theory we call collision space-time, that seems to unify gravity and quantum mechanics. In this theory, mass and energy are redefined. We have not so far demonstrated how to make it compatible with electric properties such as charge and the Coulomb force. The aim of this paper is to show how electric properties can be reformulated to make it consistent with collision space-time. It is shown that we need to incorporate the Planck scale into the electric constants to do so. This is also fully possible from a practical point of view, as it has recently been shown how to measure the Planck length independent of other constants and without the need for dimensional analysis.

Viscoacoustic prestack reverse time migration based onthe optimal time-space domain high-order finite-difference method

Prestack reverse time migration （RTM） is an accurate imaging method ofsubsurface media. The viscoacoustic prestack RTM is of practical significance because itconsiders the viscosity of the subsurface media. One of the steps of RTM is solving thewave equation and extrapolating the wave field forward and backward; therefore, solvingaccurately and efficiently the wave equation affects the imaging results and the efficiencyof RTM. In this study, we use the optimal time-space domain dispersion high-order finite-difference （FD） method to solve the viscoacoustic wave equation. Dispersion analysis andnumerical simulations show that the optimal time-space domain FD method is more accurateand suppresses the numerical dispersion. We use hybrid absorbing boundary conditions tohandle the boundary reflection. We also use source-normalized cross-correlation imagingconditions for migration and apply Laplace filtering to remove the low-frequency noise.Numerical modeling suggests that the viscoacoustic wave equation RTM has higher imagingresolution than the acoustic wave equation RTM when the viscosity of the subsurface isconsidered. In addition, for the wave field extrapolation, we use the adaptive variable-lengthFD operator to calculate the spatial derivatives and improve the computational efficiencywithout compromising the accuracy of the numerical solution.

诗意的丈量--景观诗词文本挖掘与空间制图研究进展

诗词文化的传承与发展是文化建设中的重要一环,研究诗词在风景园林中的应用有利于指引规划设计师对诗词文化景观的空间营建,引导人们在诗词文化景观中的意境感知。从发文趋势、研究区域、研究视角、研究方法和技术汇总5个方面对诗词文学文本挖掘与空间制图研究进行系统文献综述,并总结出当前诗词文学定量研究的技术指标。同时,对诗词文学文本挖掘与空间制图丈量技术在风景园林中的应用进行了展望,探讨了诗词文学中的时空耦合对景观发展的作用机制、空间营建及引导意境感知体验的应用途径,以期丰富诗意的丈量手段与诗意景观的复兴。

基于space-time的二叉树表示动态环境中的路径规划

研究具有空间和时间的三维动态环境下的机器人路径规划分析了四叉树表示二维空间的搜索算法,在此基础上,提出采space-time,用二叉树表示二维空间的方法时间信息中增加加速度利用二叉树遍历方法和算法设计一个在动态障碍物环境下进行路径规划的新算法并,,A*,,在足球机器人系统中进行仿真,实现了较好的路径规划。

OTFS系统SBL-Turbo压缩感知信道估计算法

针对正交时频空调制(OTFS)系统由多普勒频移引起的信道估计准确度下降的问题,本文提出了一种联合无线信道在时延-多普勒域稀疏特性的SBL-Turbo压缩感知信道估计算法。首先,对时延-多普勒域稀疏信道建模,使其服从以噪声功率为条件的高斯先验分布,利用稀疏贝叶斯学习模块估计得到稀疏信道的均值与方差,并结合期望最大化算法更新高斯先验模型中的参数。其次,引入了LMMSE(线性最小均方误差)估计器模块,该模块对稀疏信道的后验分布进行再估计,提高估计的准确度。通过对每个模块估计得到的信道后验分布进行数据处理,使得模块的输入值与输出值解耦,进而减少模块间的错误传播。最后,两个模块采用Turbo结构迭代估计信道的后验分布,得到信道状态信息。实验结果表明,相较于其他估计方法,该算法能够显著提高信道估计的精度,并且改善系统的误码率性能,能够有效地解决OTFS系统中由多普勒频移引起的信道估计问题。

基于模块化思想的LCC-HVDC改进小信号建模及交互稳定性分析

随着电网换相型高压直流输电(line commutated converter based high voltage direct current, LCC-HVDC)技术的广泛应用,交直流混联电力系统的交互稳定性问题日益突出。首先基于状态空间平均法建立了考虑非线性换相重叠动态过程的LCC换流器传递函数模型。为适应愈加复杂的直流输电系统建模,提出利用模块化思想分别建立LCC-HVDC各子系统小信号模型,并推导了能反映交直流系统和换流器之间电气耦合特性的接口矩阵实现子系统连接,从而模块化建立精确且易于扩展的计及控制链路延时和锁相环输出相位波动的双端LCC-HVDC系统改进小信号模型。最后分析了控制系统参数和控制链路延时对系统小干扰稳定性的影响以及失稳模态的主导因素,揭示了双端LCC-HVDC系统交直流混合谐振机理及送受端交互影响具体过程。研究结果可以为系统参数设计、谐振抑制措施提供理论基础。

基于KA-SRCN-pSTAP的低空风切变风速估计方法

针对由于独立同分布(IID)样本严重不足,导致极化空时自适应(pSTAP)处理性能下降,进而导致低空风切变风速估计不准确的问题,本文提出了一种基于知识辅助的稀疏表示杂波零陷极化空时自适应(KA-SRCN-pSTAP)的低空风切变风速估计方法。该方法首先利用杂波脊的先验知识辅助构造极化空时稀疏字典,然后利用极化空时稀疏字典,通过SRCN算法挑选原子并对到杂波线性子空间补空间上的投影矩阵进行估计,从而得到pSTAP权矢量,最后构造pSTAP滤波器对地杂波进行抑制,准确估计低空风切变风速。该方法仅使用少量IID样本,将SRCN算法与极化-空时域相结合,完成对风切变风速的有效估计。仿真实验结果证明该方法可以有效实现少样本情况下的风速准确估计。

利用元学习算法的IRS-OTFS通信系统信道估计

针对高多普勒场景下智能反射表面(IRS)辅助多用户通信系统存在的信道估计传输开销大的问题,该文结合正交时频空间(OTFS)调制特点构造一种IRS-OTFS通信系统,充分发挥IRS和OTFS的性能优势,并在此基础上提出一种学习率自适应的模型无关元学习(MAML)算法。对IRS-OTFS多用户信道估计任务做离线训练,根据各任务的收敛速度自适应地调整学习率,防止训练失衡,并利用信道之间的相关性和MAML算法的少样本、泛化特性得到全局模型和适应性模型,快速学习新用户信道的传输特性,降低传输开销,提高信道估计准确性。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该算法在信道传输条件相同的情况下,将传输开销降低了大约50%,并相对于基准算法有4.8 dB左右的性能提升。

多机器人协同路径的时域协作-势场A*规划

为了减小多机器人协同工作路径长度并提高路径平滑度,提出了基于时域协作-势场A*算法的多机器人协同规划方法。建立了机器人工作环境的栅格模型,分析了传统A*算法辅助信息不充分的问题。为了充分利用环境中的障碍物和目标点位置等先验信息,基于势场法将障碍物和目标点信息引入到A*算法辅助信息中,提出了基于势场A*算法的单机器人路径规划方法。使用三维时空图代替二维平面图,可以有效判断出多机器人碰撞问题,并根据碰撞类型制定了避撞策略。经验证,势场A*算法规划的路径长度和平滑度均优于传统A*算法、文献[11]蚁群算法;在多机器人协同路径规划中,在规划出各机器人最优路径基础上,可以有效解决机器人之间的碰撞问题。实验结果验证了时域协作-势场A*算法在多机器人协同路径规划中的有效性和优越性。

ON MARKOV CHAINS IN SPACE-TIME RANDOM ENVIRONMENTS

In Section 1, the authors establish the models of two kinds of Markov chains in space-time random environments (MCSTRE and MCSTRE(+)) with abstract state space. In Section 2, the authors construct a MCSTRE and a MCSTRE(+) by an initial distribution Φ and a random Markov kernel (RMK) p(γ). In Section 3, the authors es-tablish several equivalence theorems on MCSTRE and MCSTRE(+). Finally, the authors give two very important examples of MCMSTRE, the random walk in spce-time random environment and the Markov br...

Functional Integrals and Quantum Fluctuations on Two-Dimensional Noncommutative Space-Time

The generalized Thirring model with impurity coupling is defined on two-dimensional noncommutativespace-time,a modified propagator and free energy are derived by means of functional integrals method.Moreover,quantum fluctuations and excitation energies are calculated on two-dimensional black hole and soliton background.

On analyzing space-time distribution of evaporation duct height over the global ocean

The statistical features of the evaporation duct over the global ocean were comprehensively investigated with reanalysis data sets from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. These data sets have time and spatial resolutions of 1 h and 0.313°x0.312°, respectively. The efficiency of the analysis was evaluated by processing weather buoy data from the Pacific Ocean and measuring propagation loss in the Yellow Sea of China. The distribution features of evaporation duct height （EDH） and the related meteorological factors for different seas were analyzed. The global EDH is generally high and demonstrates a latitudinal distribution for oceans at low latitudes. The average EDH is approximately 11 m over oceans beside the equator with a latitude of less than 20°. The reasons for the formation of the global EDH features were also analyzed for different sea areas.

Traffic condition estimation with pre-selection space time model

A pre-selection space time model was proposed to estimate the traffic condition at poor-data-detector,especially non-detector locations.The space time model is better to integrate the spatial and temporal information comprehensibly.Firstly,the influencing factors of the "cause nodes" were studied,and then the pre-selection "cause nodes" procedure which utilizes the Pearson correlation coefficient to evaluate the relevancy of the traffic data was introduced.Finally,only the most relevant data were collected to compose the space time model.The experimental results with the actual data demonstrate that the model performs better than other three models.

Communication Resource-Efficient Vehicle Platooning Control With Various Spacing Policies

Platooning represents one of the key features that connected automated vehicles may possess as it allows multiple automated vehicles to be maneuvered cooperatively with small headways on roads. However, a critical challenge in accomplishing automated vehicle platoons is to deal with the effects of intermittent and sporadic vehicle-to-vehicle data transmissions caused by limited wireless communication resources. This paper addresses the co-design problem of dynamic event-triggered communication scheduling and cooperative adaptive cruise control for a convoy of automated vehicles with diverse spacing policies. The central aim is to achieve automated vehicle platooning under various gap references with desired platoon stability and spacing performance requirements, while simultaneously improving communication efficiency. Toward this aim, a dynamic event-triggered scheduling mechanism is developed such that the intervehicle data transmissions are scheduled dynamically and efficiently over time. Then, a tractable co-design criterion on the existence of both the admissible event-driven cooperative adaptive cruise control law and the desired scheduling mechanism is derived. Finally, comparative simulation results are presented to substantiate the effectiveness and merits of the obtained results.

THE SPACE-TIME FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR PARABOLIC PROBLEMS

Adaptive space-time finite element method, continuous in space but discontinuous in time for semi-linear parabolic problems is discussed. The approach is based on a combination of finite element and finite difference techniques. The existence and uniqueness of the weak solution are proved without any assumptions on choice of the spacetime meshes. Basic error estimates in L-infinity (L-2) norm, that is maximum-norm in time, L-2-norm in space are obtained. The numerical results are given in the last part and the analysis between theoretic and experimental results are obtained.

城镇生态化视角下三峡库区人口-经济-环境(PEE)耦合协调发展

[目的]探索PEE系统的互动耦合特征,可为三峡库区城镇生态化发展提供理论支撑和量化依据。[方法]在2000—2020年三峡库区PEE系统综合评价基础上,运用耦合协调度模型、引力模型和障碍度模型对系统耦合协调度的时空演化特征、空间联系特征及主要障碍因子进行实证研究。[结果](1)2000—2020年库区PEE系统综合发展水平呈逐步上升态势;(2)研究期内系统的耦合协调度基本不变,协调等级不高,协调类型呈“西南-东北”“中部-北部”的空间特征,总体呈良性上升发展趋势;(3)邻近区域系统耦合协调度的空间相关性存在显著的正自相关,空间联系总量总体上升,空间联系强度较弱,且随着地理距离增大而逐渐减弱;(4)各因素对系统发展影响具有趋同性,经济和人口系统是主要制约子系统,而环境系统的障碍度逐年增加。[结论]库区PEE系统耦合协调发展水平总体向好,区域差异缩小,未来应重点从单一系统优化向多元系统协调出发,从系统自身与区域协同2个角度进行调整,加强政策制度调控,科学探索发展路径。

基于尺度分析的CMA-GFS全球能量评估

全球模式能量循环和能量转换规律可准确反映模式动力和物理过程相互作用的物理机制,是诊断大气环流特征的重要方法。基于混合时空域能量循环框架,采用尺度分析方法,利用2022年中国气象局全球数值预报系统(CMA Global Forecast System,CMA-GFS)全球预报产品及欧洲中期天气预报中心第5代再分析资料(ECMWF reanalysis version 5,ERA5),考察CMA-GFS不同尺度下的能量蓄能及转换特征,以此诊断模式的误差来源。结果表明:CMA-GFS可有效预报大气能量循环基本特征,但其对斜压性的高估导致平均环流有效位能偏强,且具有随预报时效逐渐增长的趋势。定常和瞬变涡动能量分别受行星尺度和天气及以下尺度分量主导。涡动有效位能误差由模式斜压性决定,其中CMA-GFS的定常涡动有效位能偏高而瞬变涡动有效位能偏低。定常和瞬变涡动动能均存在系统性低估,负误差主要集中在副热带急流和极夜急流中心附近,偏强的正压输送使更多能量向平均环流转换,涡动能量偏弱。CMA-GFS的4种涡动能量在冬季预报偏低,而在夏季偏高或略偏低,严重削弱了季节变化影响。

LES prediction of space-time correlations in turbulent shear flows

We compare the space-time correlations calculated from direct numerical simulation （DNS） and large-eddy simulation （LES） of turbulent channel flows. It is found from the comparisons that the LES with an eddy-viscosity subgrid scale （SGS） model over-predicts the space-time corre- lations than the DNS. The overpredictions are further quantified by the integral scales of directional correlations and convection velocities. A physical argument for the overpre- diction is provided that the eddy-viscosity SGS model alone does not includes the backscatter effects although it correctly represents the energy dissipations of SGS motions. This argument is confirmed by the recently developed elliptic model for space-time correlations in turbulent shear flows. It suggests that enstrophy is crucial to the LES prediction of spacetime correlations. The random forcing models and stochastic SGS models are proposed to overcome the overpredictions on space-time correlations.

随机复合材料结构非线性热-力耦合模拟的统计高阶多尺度方法

对于具有复杂随机细观构造的复合材料结构的非线性热-力耦合问题的随机多尺度建模和计算仍是一个具有挑战性的问题。本文发展了一个新的统计高阶多尺度方法,克服了随机多尺度问题直接模拟时巨大的计算量,实现了具有随机复合材料结构非线性热-力耦合问题的数值模拟。借助统计多尺度渐近分析和泰勒级数方法,本文严格推导了可以精确分析随机复合材料结构宏-细观尺度非线性热-力耦合响应的统计高阶多尺度计算模型。然后,通过局部误差分析证明了统计高阶多尺度计算模型中高阶校正项在保持计算模型局部能量和动量守恒的重要意义。进一步,建立了可以高效模拟随机复合材料结构非线性热-力耦合行为的具有离线和在线两阶段的时空多尺度算法。最后,通过数值实验验证了统计高阶多尺度方法的计算高效率和高精度。