Diversity and Stability Study on Rice Mutants Induced in Space Environment

To further study the characteristics of changes on the molecular level of rice mutants induced in space environment, we analyzed proteins in leaves and seeds of four rice mutants （two high-tillering and two low-tillering） in the 8th and 9th generations after a 15-day spaceflight, and compared with their ground controls by two-dimentional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse phase liquid chromatography （RPLC）. In addition, the albumin, globulin, prolamine, glutelin, and amylose of the mutant seeds were analyzed by RPLC and ultra-violet spectrometry. The results showed that the low-abundance proteins of leaves in the peak tillering stage are more likely to he induced compared with their corresponding controls. The albumin, globulin, and prolamine of the mutant seeds revealed changes when compared with their controls, and the characteristics of changes in different mu- tants were stably inherited in the 8th and 9th generations, suggesting that they can be used as biomarkers to identity the mutants induced by spaceflight. Moreover, two proteins （SSP9111 and SSP6302） were found to be expressed with high intensity （two-fold change） in different mutants, which were both correlated with photosystem according to mass spectrometry and database searching.

空间诱变育成抗稻瘟病和白叶枯病水稻突变体浙101

早籼浙 92 4 8经卫星搭载诱变处理 ,种子的发芽率及当代植株的性状均没有明显的变化 ,但对秧苗的生长表现出一定的刺激作用 ;SP2 在株高、生育期、穗长、每穗粒数、千粒重、结实率及抗病性等性状上出现了较大的分离。经病区多代筛选培育成的突变体浙 10 1,在熟期、抗病性和产量等性状上比原亲本有明显改良 ,2 0 0 1～2 0 0 2年经浙江省多点稻瘟病和白叶枯病联合鉴定 ,叶瘟平均级分别为 1.4和 1.7级 ,最高级为 5 .0级 ;穗瘟平均级分别为 1.6和 1.3级 ,最高级为 3.0级 ;抗谱频率分别为 70 %和 6 0 % ;对白叶枯病抗性平均级为 1.4级 ,最高级为 5 .0级。抗病性比原亲本和对照有显著提高。试验表明 ,浙 10 1是一个高抗稻瘟病兼抗白叶枯病的水稻突变体 ,可作为水稻品种改良的新抗源。