Effects of film-stalk spaced dual mulching system on corn growth and yield

Film-stalk spaced dual mulching is a new type of cultivation measure that is increasingly highlighted in semi-arid areas in China.Despite its potential,there is limited understanding of how different mulching materials affect both soil quality and crop yield in these areas.To address this gap,we conducted a two-year(2020-2021)field experiment in central China to explore the yield-enhancing mechanisms and assess the impact of various mulching materials on soil and corn yield.The experiment comprised six treatments,i.e.,plastic film-whole stalk spaced mulching in fall(PSF),plastic film-whole stalk spaced mulching in spring(PSS),black and silver plastic film-whole stalk spaced mulching in spring(BPSS),biodegradable film-whole stalk spaced mulching in spring(BSS),liquid film-whole stalk spaced mulching in spring(LSS),and non-mulching cultivation(CK).Results revealed that BPSS demonstrated the most significant yield increase,surpassing CK by a notable 10.0%and other mulching treatments by 2.4%-5.9%.The efficacy of BPSS lied in its provision of favorable hydrothermal conditions for corn cultivation,particularly during hot season.Its cooling effect facilitated the establishment of optimal temperature conditions relative to transparent mulching,leading to higher root growth indices(e.g.,length and surface area),as well as higher leaf photosynthetic rate and dry matter accumulation per plant.Additionally,BPSS maintained higher average soil moisture content within 0-100 cm depth compared with biodegradable mulching and liquid mulching.As a result,BPSS increased activities of urease,catalase,and alkaline phosphatase,as well as the diversity and abundance of soil bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere zone of corn,facilitating nutrient accessibility by the plant.These findings suggest that selecting appropriate mulching materials is crucial for optimizing corn production in drought-prone areas,highlighting the potential of BPSS cultivation.

On the Ontology of Taiwan Residents Films in the Post Declare Martial Law Ended Period

In addition to describing the social reality of Taiwan’s political and economic chaos, Taiwan’s films after the lifting of martial law also try to explore the ultimate significance of human existence, showing the color of ontology. Under the influence of postmodern culture, Taiwan films adopt non-linear narrative methods such as fragmented, time countercurrent or psychological time, emphasizing people’s instant experience and expressing modern people’s anxiety and social absurdity. In addition, the film highlights the gridding and deformed space, so as to highlight the interpersonal alienation and survival dilemma of modern cities. Taiwan Residents films also reflect the impermanence of fate, the nothingness of existence, and the absurdity of society through the death of characters. It is also coupled with the existential view of “living to death” and “others are hell”.

Numerical Simulations of Nonlinear Interaction of Space Charge Waves in Microwave and Millimeter Wave Range in n-InN Films Using Negative Differential Conductivity

Numerical simulations of nonlinear interaction of space charge waves in microwave and millimeter wave range in n-InN films have been carried out. A micro- and millimeter-waves frequency conversion using the negative differential conductivity phenomenon is carried out when the harmonics of the input signal are generated. An increment in the amplification is observed in n-InN films at essentially at high-frequencies f < 450 GHz, when compared with n-GaAs films f < 44 GHz. This work provides a way to achieve a frequency conversion and amplification of micro- and millimeter-waves.

Influence of Nonlocality on Amplification of Space Charge Waves in n-GaN Films

It is investigated theoretically the amplification of space charge waves (SCWs) due to the negative differential conduc-tivity (NDC) in n-GaN films of submicron thicknesses placed onto a semi-infinite substrate. The influence of the nonlo-cal dependence of the average electron velocity on the electron energy is considered. The simplest nonlocal model is used where the total electron concentration is taken into account. The relaxation momentum and energy frequencies have been calculated. The influence of the nonlocality on NDC results in the decrease of the absolute value of its real part and appearance of the imaginary part. The calculation of the diffusion coefficient leads to essential errors. The simulations of spatial increments of the amplification of SCWs demonstrate that the nonlocality is essential at the fre-quencies f ? 150 GHz, and the amplification is possible up till the frequencies f ? 400 ??? 500 GHz.

Test research on IR radiation characteristics control of space target using cryogenic vacuum multilayer insulation film structure

In order to achieve the objective of controlling IR radiation characteristics of space target,we design multilayer insulation film structure to cover the target.In space environment the structure comes to cryogenic vacuum multilayer insulation film structure.It can quickly lower the surface temperature of space target,approaching to the ultra-low temperature of the space environment.A vacuum simulation verification test was designed and performed.Through the analysis of test results,we can see that the surface temperature of space target covered by the structure changes with the ambient temperature,having no direct relationship with internal temperature of the target.Therefore,the designed cryogenic vacuum multilayer insulation film structure has excellent IR radiation control performance.It can reduce the target’s IR radiation intensity so as to reduce the probability of detection by IR detectors.

Preparation and Properties of CdTe Polycrystalline Films for Solar Cells

The structure and characteristics of CdTe thin filrns are closely dependent on the whole deposition process in close-space sublimation （CSS）. The physical mechanism of CSS was analyzed aud the temperature distribution in CSS system was measured, and the influences of the increasing-temperature process and pressure on the preliminary nucleus creation were studied. The resuits indicate ： tire samples deposited at different pressures hare a cubical structure of CdTe and the diffraction peaks of CdS and SnO2 ： F. As the atmosphere pressure increases, the crystal size of CdTe decreases, the rate of the transparency of the thin film decreases and the absorption side moves towards the short-wave direction. After a 4-minute depositing process with a substrate teraw.rature of 500℃ and a source temperature of 620 ℃, the polycostallinc thin films can be mmade , so the production of high-quality integrated cell with StrO2： F/ CdS/ CdTe/ Au structure is hopeful.

EFFECT OF SURFACE ENERGY ON DISLOCATION-INDUCED FIELD IN HALF-SPACE WITH APPLICATION TO THIN FILM-SUBSTRATE SYSTEMS

In this work the elastic field of an edge dislocation in a half-space with the effect of surface energy has been obtained. The elastic field is then used to study the image force on the dislocation, the critical thickness for dislocation generation in epitaxial thin films with strain mismatch and the yielding strength of thin films on substrates. The results show that the image forces on the dislocation deviate from the conventional solutions when the distance of the dislocation from the free surface is smaller than several times of the characteristic length. Also due to the effect of surface energy, the critical thickness for dislocation generation is smaller than that predicted by the conventional elastic solutions and the extent of the deviation depends on the magnitude of mismatch strain. In contrast, the effect of surface energy on the yielding strength for many practical thin films can be neglected except for some soft ones where the characteristic length is comparable to the thickness.

Enhanced field emission characteristics of thin-Au-coated nano-sheet carbon films

This paper reports that the nano-sheet carbon films （NSCFs） were fabricated on Si wafer chips with hydrogen- methane gas mixture by means of quartz-tube-type microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition （MWPCVD）. In order to further improve the field emission （FE） characteristics, a 5-nm Au film was prepared on the samples by using electron beam evaporation. The FE properties were obviously improved due to depositing Au thin film on NSCFs. The FE current density at a macroscopic electric field, E, of 9 V/μm was increased from 12.4 mA/cm2 to 27.2 mA/cm2 and the threshold field was decreased from 2.6 V/μm to 2.0 V/μm for Au-coated carbon films. A modified F-N model considering statistic effects of FE tip structures in the low E region and a space-chavge-limited-current effect in the high E region were applied successfully to explain the FE data of the Au-coated NSCF.

Effects of Thickness on the Electrical Conductivity of Sputtered YSZ Film with Nanocrystalline Columnar Microstructure

In order to investigate the effect of the thickness on the electrical conductivity of yttriastabilized zirconia(YSZ) film, the nanocrystalline columnar-structured YSZ film with thickness of 0.67-2.52 μm was prepared by magnetron sputtering through controlling the deposition time. All the sputtered films with different thicknesses consist of the main phase of cubic YSZ as well as a small amount of monoclinic YSZ. The thicker films exhibit a typical columnar grain structure based on the fractured cross-sectional SEM observations. The average diameters of columnar grains increase from about 40 nm to 100 nm with the film thickness from 0.67 μm to 2.52 μm according to TEM analysis. The thinnest YSZ film with 0.67 μm thickness shows the highest apparent electrical conductivity in the four films in 400-800 ℃ due to the contribution from the highly conductive film/substrate interfacial region. On the other hand, the real electrical conductivities of YSZ films increase with film thickness from 0.67 μm to 2.52 μm after eliminating the contribution of the film/substrate interface. The increasing film thickness leads to the grain growth as well as the decrement in the volumetric fraction of the resistive columnar grain boundary and a consequent higher real electrical conductivity.

The Erosion Effect of Kapton Film in a Ground-based Atomic Oxygen Irradiation Simulator

In order to investigate the effect of space environmental factors on spacecraft materials, a ground-based simulation facility for space atomic oxygen（AO） irradiation was developed in our laboratory. Some Kapton film samples were subjected to AO beam generated by this facility. The Kapton films before and after AO exposure were analyzed comparatively using optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, atomic force microscopy, high-precision microbalance, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The experimental results indicate that the transmittance of Kapton film will be reduced by AO irradiation notably, and its color deepens from pale yellow to brown. Surface roughness of the AO-treated sample is already increased obviously after AO irradiation for 5 hours, and exhibits a flannel-like appearance after 15 hours’ exposure in AO beam. The imide rings and benzene rings in kapton molecule are partially decomposed, and some new bonds form during AO irradiation. The mass loss of kapton film increases linearly with the increase of AO fluence, which is resulted from the formation of volatile products, such as CO, CO2 and NOx. The breakage in structure and degradation in properties of AO-treated Kapton film can be attributed to the integrated effect ofimpaction and oxidization of AO beam. The test results agree well with the space flight experimental data.

Study on water treatment effect of dispersion discharge plasma based on flowing water film electrode

To improve the utilization rate of plasma active species,in this study,a closed non-uniform air gap is formed by a flowing water film electrode and a sawtooth insulating dielectric layer to realize the diffuse glow discharge in the atmosphere.Firstly,the electric field distribution characteristics of non-uniform air gap in the sawtooth dielectric layer are studied,and the influence of aspect ratio on the characteristics of diffuse discharge plasma is discussed.Subsequently,the effects of wire mesh,the inclination angle of the dielectric plate,and liquid inlet velocity on the flow characteristics of the water film electrode are analyzed.The results show that the non-uniform electric field distribution formed in the sawtooth groove can effectively inhibit the filamentous discharge,and the 1 mm flowing water film is directly used as the electrode,and high-active plasma is formed directly on the lower surface of the water film.In addition,a plasma flowing water treatment device is built to treat the methyl orange solution and observe its decolorization effect.The experimental results show that after 50 min of treatment,the decolorization rate of the methyl orange solution reaches 96%,which provides a new idea for industrial applications of wastewater treatment.

Research on the field emission mechanism of nano-structured carbon film

The field emission （FE） characteristics of nano-structured carbon films （NSCFs） are investigated. The saturation behaviour of the field emission current density found at high electric field E cannot be reasonably explained by the traditional Fowler-Nordheim （F-N） theory. A three-region E model and the curve-fitting method are utilized for discussing the FE characteristics of NSCFs. In the low, high, and middle E regions, the FE mechanism is reasonably explained by a modified F-N model, a corrected space-charge-limited-current （SCLC） model and the joint model of F N and SCLC mechanism, respectively. Moreover, the measured FE data accord well with the results from our corrected theoretical model.

Spatial Narrative of the Film My People,My Country

The film My People,My Country tells seven stories of great historical significance that have occurred since New China’s founding 70 years ago.The film takes time as a clue and narrates the transformation of space.Based on the understanding of spatial narrative,this paper explores the spatial narration in the film from the perspectives of narrative space formation,narrative means,and spatial expression of emotion.

The Effect of Tension-Free Herniorrhaphy in the Preperitoneal Space on the Treatment of Hernia

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of tension-free herniorrhaphy in the preperitoneal space in patients with hernia.Methods:The study period was from January 2020 to December 2022.198 samples of hernia patients admitted to our hospital were selected and divided into a research group(n=99)and a control group(n=99).Patients in the control group underwent tension-free herniorrhaphy with plain films,and patients in the study group underwent tension-free herniorrhaphy in the preperitoneal space.The surgical and postoperative recovery-related indicators,incidence of complications,and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups.Results:The intraoperative and postoperative recovery indexes of the study group were better than those of the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of complications in the study group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Tension-free herniorrhaphy in the preperitoneal space shortens the operation and postoperative recovery time of hernia patients and reduces the incidence of postoperative complications,so it should be popularized.

寻根·反思·认同:粤港澳大湾区电影地域空间的文化表征

粤港澳大湾区电影是中国区域性电影空间研究的重要组成部分。独特的地理和区域优势形成了大湾区开放多元的社会文化风貌,探索大湾区电影如何构建地域影像空间本体、精神文化空间共同体及湾区人文化认同皈依的问题是区域性电影空间研究的重要面向。聚焦2019年《粤港澳大湾区发展规划》发布以来的大湾区电影文本,考察其景观魅力展现与地域空间建构的文化自觉。大湾区电影地域空间表达呈现出“寻根”“反思”“认同”三重独特的地域文化表征。

空间的焦虑与释放——新力量导演创作的一种观察

近年来“中国电影新力量”导演声势渐显,他们关注社会问题,常取用当代都市作为空间情境,并以对空间的观察反映当下的现实与焦虑。在他们的电影创作中,空间有着典型的现代症候,如空间中人与人之间的疏离,空间中时间的紊乱,以及空间的功能性失位。这些空间的焦虑是某种社会心理发生改变的症候,而通过影像对现实的针砭与对边缘群体的关怀则是新力量导演们释放焦虑的方法。

罪与罚:黑色电影中的城市影像与空间建构

电影的发展与都市的成长紧密相联,20世纪上半叶兴起的黑色电影以美国的现代化城市为环境背景,记录了大量的城市影像。该文借由黑色电影对“大都市”的想象、建构和表达,结合对早期经典影片的分析,从建筑学角度研究黑色电影与城市空间的互动关系,探讨电影对城市的表达方式,揭示城市空间如何参与电影叙事,拓展对黑色电影空间的理解边界,探究城市空间建构的新路径。

行距、覆反光膜和氮肥对高粱产量和品质的影响

以‘辽杂52’高粱为试验材料,于2021-2022年采用三因素裂区设计进行田间试验,主区为种植行距:50 cm(A_(1))、60 cm(A_(2));裂区为是否覆反光膜:不覆反光膜(B_(1))、覆反光膜(B_(2));裂裂区为氮肥施用量:150 kg·hm^(-2)(C_(1))、300 kg·hm^(-2)(C_(2))、450 kg·hm^(-2)(C 3),探究不同处理对高粱光合参数、产量和籽粒品质的影响。结果表明:行距增加可提高高粱抽穗期、灌浆期和蜡熟期的叶片SPAD值和P_(n),覆反光膜和施氮能提高高粱各生育时期的叶片SPAD值和P_(n)。行距60 cm较行距50 cm处理高粱产量年均增加5.12%,覆反光膜较不覆反光膜处理高粱产量年均增加7.73%,高氮(450 kg·hm^(-2))水平下高粱产量最高(年均6807.0 kg·hm^(-2)),较其他施氮水平增加3.90%~9.48%。行距增加和覆反光膜使高粱籽粒蛋白质含量分别提高6.94%和2.84%,高氮肥水平下籽粒蛋白质含量较其余施氮处理平均提高2.50%;行距增加和覆反光膜处理下高粱籽粒淀粉含量分别提高1.75%和0.70%,高氮肥水平下籽粒淀粉含量较其余施氮处理平均提高3.85%。综上所述,行距60 cm、覆反光膜和拔节期追施氮肥450 kg·hm^(-2)处理能更好地利用光热资源、改善叶片光合性能,是提高关中西部地区高粱产量和籽粒品质的有效栽培方式。

电极间距对防原子氧聚硅氧烷薄膜性能的影响

与传统制备防护薄膜的方法相比,等离子体聚合法是一种更高效、干燥和简易的制备方法,可以在各种基底上制备数百纳米厚的致密薄膜涂层。采用等离子增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)法在大面积柔性聚酰亚胺Kapton基底上制备了聚硅氧烷防原子氧薄膜。用SEM、AFM、FTIR和XPS等表征分析了电极间距对聚硅氧烷薄膜性能的影响。结果表明,减小电极间距加速了单体的解离和碳基成分的氧化。随着电极距离的减小,薄膜的沉积速度增大,薄膜从有机无机聚硅氧烷薄膜(SiO_(x)C_(y)H_(z))向无机薄膜(SiO_(2))转化。薄膜中高解离能Si-O键的增多,降低了原子氧的侵蚀率。研究结果为用PECVD方法制备其他有机硅功能薄膜奠定了技术基础。

视觉化时代“网红打卡”的消费实践与空间生产——以电影《少年的你》及其取景地重庆为例

视觉文本包含丰富的符号和意义,在旅游地空间生产过程中发挥重要作用。伴随网络媒体的崛起,作为电影取景青睐的重庆成为新兴网红城市,电影取景地在消费者的消费实践和网络媒体平台的传播作用下形成网红打卡地。文章以电影《少年的你》及网红打卡取景地海棠溪筒子楼为对象,援引空间生产理论,通过对电影、影评、照片、旅游评论、访谈等资料的文本分析,解释地理景观被电影文本呈现和意义建构过程,消费者的响应及打卡实践方式和建构作用,以及居民的生活展演。该研究认为,在观影时影像、地方与观众生产出一个包含叙事、情感和想象的电影空间,在网红打卡中游客通过模仿式、记录式、创作式的摄影实践实现对地理景观意义的再生产和自我身份的建构。在取景地重构为旅游地的过程中,想象与现实混杂所生产的空间意义,经由影像和游客的建构及与居民展演的协商,具有动态性和不确定性。信息技术正以不同以往社会的力量,通过对个人世界的信息化将自身作为主体投射到空间的社会性生产当中。