Space Law Center of China National Space Administration Established

On December 23,2017,the Space Law Center of the China National Space Administration(hereafter SLC)was established in Beijing Institute of Technology during the 2017Space Law Seminar.Over 100 leaders and experts from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,Chinese Academy of Sciences,State Meteorological Administration,State Oceanic Administration,

Philippine Space Law and Its Enlightenment

The Philippine Space Law was approved by the Philippine Senate and the House of Representatives on June 4, 2019, and was signed by the Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte on August 8, 2019 [1]. The approval of this act can be of great significance in the development of Philippine’s outer space activities and astronautic industry. This article intends to discuss and analyze the Philippine Space Law background, main content, and its enlightenment with regard to the improvement of China’s space law system.

INTERACTION OF STRONG AND WEAK SINGULARITIES FOR HYPERBOLIC SYSTEM OF CONSERVATION LAWS IN MULTIDIMENSIONAL SPACE

In this paper we study the interaction of strong and weak singularities for hyperbolic system of conservation laws in multidimensional space. Under the assumption of transversal intersect of the shock front with the bicharacteristics bearing weak singularities we proved a theorem on regularity propagation across the shock front.

THE CONSERVATION LAW OF NONHOLONOMIC SYSTEM OF SECOND-ORDER NON-CHETAVE'S TYPE IN EVENT SPACE

The conservation law of nonholonomic system of second-order non-Chataev's type in event space is studied The Jourdain's principle in event space is presented. The invariant condition of the Jourdain's principle under infinitesimal transformation is given by introducing Jourdain's generators in event space. Then the conservation law of the system in event space is obtained under certain conditions. Finally a calculating example is given.

Applying the Stefan-Boltzmann Law to a Cosmological Model (a Brief Note)

This brief note brings the reader up-to-date with the recent successes of the new Haug-Tatum cosmology model. In particular, the significance of recent proof that the Stefan-Boltzmann law applies to such a model is emphasized and a rationale for this is given. Remarkably, the proposed solutions of this model have incorporated all 580 supernova redshifts in the Union2 database. Therefore, one can usefully apply this thermodynamic law in the form of a continually expanding black-body universe model. To our knowledge, no other cosmological model has achieved such high-precision observational correlation.

A Formal Deductive Inference of the Law of Inertia in a Logically Formalized Axiomatic Epistemology System Sigma from the Assumption of Knowledge A-Priori-Ness

The general purpose of the research—systematical clarifying and explicating the too vague proper philosophical concepts of space, void, matter, motion, inertia, for making a logical harmony between them and the corresponding notions of proper physics. The special purpose of the research—invention (construction) of a formal inference of the well-known Newton’s first law of mechanics within a logically formalized axiomatic epistemology system from a set of precisely defined presumptions. For realizing this aim the following work has been done: a two-valued algebraic system of metaphysics as formal axiology has been applied to philosophical epistemology and philosophy of nature;a formal axiomatic theory called Sigma has been applied to physics for realizing the above-indicated special purpose of the research. Thus, constructing a discrete mathematical model of relationship between universal epistemology and philosophy of physics has been done. Research results: The main hitherto not published significantly new nontrivial scientific result of applied investigations presented in this article is a formal inference of the well-known Newton’s first law of mechanics within the formal axiomatic epistemology system Sigma from conjunction of the formal-axiological analog of the proper-law-of-mechanics (which analog is the formal-axiological law of two-valued algebra of metaphysics) and the assumption of a-priori-ness of knowledge. For obtaining this main research result, a set of accessory nontrivial novelties has been used, for instance;a precise algorithmic definition is given for the notion “law of metaphysics” in the algebraic system of metaphysics as formal axiology;a formal-axiological equivalence in the algebraic system is defined precisely. Precise tabular definitions are given for relevant evaluation-functions determined by evaluation-arguments, for example;“movement of (what, whom) x”;“speed of x”;“vector of x”;“velocity of x”;“magnitude of x”;“finiteness (definiteness) of x”;“dynamical closed-ness (isolated-ness) of x”;“constant-ness, immutability, conservation of x”.

Stokes'first problem for the fourth order fluid in a porous half space

In this study, the flow of a fourth order fluid in a porous half space is modeled. By using the modified Darcy＇s law, the flow over a suddenly moving flat plate is studied numerically. The influence of various parameters of interest on the velocity profile is revealed.

The Hjek-Rnyi Inequlity For Banach Space Valued Random Variable Sequences and Its Application

In this paper we prove the following Hajek Renyi inequality:Let 0<p≤1 ,then for any Banach space B , any L p integrable B valued random variable sequence {D n,n≥1} ,any real number sequence {b n,n≥1} with 0<b n↑∞ ,any integer n≥1 ,there exits a constant C=C p>0 (only depending on p ) such thatP( sup j≥nji=1D ib j≥ε)≤Cε -p (∞j=n+1E‖D j‖ pb p j+nj=1E‖D j‖ pb p n) In the other direction,we prove some strong laws of large numbers and the integrability of the maximal functions for B valued random variable sequences by using this inequality and the Hajeck Renyi inequality we have obtained recently.Some known results are extended and improved.

载人航天商业化的国际损害责任制度:困境与应对

载人航天商业化的发展需要平衡外层空间的公共性和商业载人航天的私营性,国际损害责任制度对管控商业载人航天的成本和风险至关重要。国际外空法对国际损害责任进行了一般性、原则性规定,部分航天国家在国内法中对商业载人航天的损害责任予以明确。基于外空领域的现有责任规则,构建国际损害责任制度面临着责任主体和索赔主体不明、过失作为例外要件存在不合理、国际保险标准难统一、责任分配制度待完善的困境。对此,可考虑通过关联性确认责任主体和索赔主体、对损害统一适用绝对责任、引入强制责任保险、形成双重责任制度,为国家载人航天商业化发展提供制度构建思路;同时,促进国际社会达成共识,推动人类命运共同体理念在外空领域的进一步实现。

我国近十年“人工智能+法律”研究趋向和价值前瞻--基于Cite Space知识图谱分析

2023年4月11日,国家网信办发布《生成式人工智能服务管理办法(征求意见稿)》,开启人工智能治理的新篇章。学术界针对如何高质量实现人工智能的良性发展,法律领域学者提出相关立法规制的对策和建议。以2012—2022年CNKI数据库CSSCI法学核心期刊文献为样本,通过Cite Space可视化软件,对该领域的研究现状与热点分析。结果表明:人工智能在法律领域的研究方向逐渐从宏观转型微观各个部门法的趋势。目前在“人工智能+法律”领域尚未形成核心作者群体且各研究机构间的合作交流并不充分等问题存在。进行可视化分析有利于准确的把握“人工智能+法律”的研究现状和研究趋向,为进一步做优人工智能法律规制提供一定的数据和理论参考。

Deep Unity of Classic and Quantum Physics at the Space Thermostat Presence with Technical Applications

The paper demonstrates deep unity of classic and quantum physics at the space thermostat (ST) presence, which fulfilled all space by the temperature T0 = 2.73 K. The ST presents itself the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). From the main quantum position we consider the ST/CMB as the wave function carrier (“quantum background”). The paper is devoted to ST/CMB medium the classic conservation laws of mass, momentum and energy. We show the soliton like solutions of our classic model correspond to Schrodinger’s quantum solutions, demonstrate the atom hydrogen specter and other quantum peculiarities. The paper contains typical technical examples classic/ quantum simulation at the ST presence.

ON THE STRONG LAW OF LARGE NUMBERS

This paper introduces the concept of BC sequences and investigates some conditions which imply the strong law of large numbers for these sequences. The authors also study the strong law of large numbers for general random variable sequences. As applications of the result the authors characterize p-smoothableness of Banach space. Some generalizations of Petrov theorem, the Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund theorem and Hoffmann-J(?)rgensen and Pisier theorem are obtained.

Simple Method for Tethered Space Debris Retrieval

Space debris retrieval problem utilizing a tethered system in an elliptical orbit is studied in this paper.An analytical control law specified by a tether length rate for retrieval is derived from a dumbbell model of the system.The proposed control method can suppress large swings around the local vertical position of the tethered system.Under such a control strategy,the debris retrieval behaves in asymptotic stable motion towards the expected angle.The stability of the non-autonomous system during the retrieval control is analyzed using the Floquet theory.The result demonstrates that an orbital region exists,on which the retrieval process maintains asymptotically stable.The proposed analytical control law is validated via numerical simulations.

A New Interpretation of the Hubble Law

We propose a new interpretation of Hubble law. Waves are observed in the observer space-time. It defines the observer proper time T. Space-time is composed of three spatial dimensions and three temporal parameters: proper-time s of the observed object, proper time T of the observer and integration time t (currently considered as relative time). Time origin is the birth of the universe. So, universe is stable;it can be seen as the comobile space of expansion theory. When changing space-time from the source to the observer, waves are seen cooling;this explains the redshift effect. The distance is defined as the product of the delay time with the local speed of light of the observer. The mistake between t and T can explain why universe is viewed as not only in expansion but also in acceleration whereas we think it is stable.

On the Strong Law of Large Numbers for Non-Independent B-Valued Random Variables

This paper investigates some conditions which imply the strong laws of large numbers for Banach space valued random variable sequences. Some generalizations of the Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund theorem and the Hoffmann-J?rgensen and Pisier theorem are obtained. Key words strong law of large numbers - Banach space valued random variable sequence - p-smoothable Banach space CLC number O 211.4 - O 211.6 Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10071058)Biography: Gan Shi-xin (1939-), male, Professor, research direction: martingale theory, probability limiting theory and Banach space geometry theory.

Representation of the Basic Laws of Thermodynamics in Quantum Mechanics

We propose a representation of the basic laws, namely the zeroth, first, second and third law, in quantum thermodynamics. The zeroth law is represented by some parameters () that specify respective quantum states. The parameters are the elements of thermodynamic state space. The introduction of such parameters is based on a probabilistic nature of quantum theory. A quantum analog of the first law can be established by utilizing these parameters. The notion of heat in quantum systems is clarified from the probabilistic point of view in quantum theory. The representation of the second law can be naturally described in terms of these parameters introduced for the respective quantum systems. In obtaining the representation of quantum thermodynamics, consistency between quantum theory and classical thermodynamics should have been preserved throughout our formulation of quantum thermodynamics. After establishing the representation of the second law, the third law is discussed briefly. The relationship between thermodynamic temperatures and the parameters in is also discussed.

Coulomb Force, Charge, and Electric Properties under Collision Space-Time

We have recently published a series of papers on a theory we call collision space-time, that seems to unify gravity and quantum mechanics. In this theory, mass and energy are redefined. We have not so far demonstrated how to make it compatible with electric properties such as charge and the Coulomb force. The aim of this paper is to show how electric properties can be reformulated to make it consistent with collision space-time. It is shown that we need to incorporate the Planck scale into the electric constants to do so. This is also fully possible from a practical point of view, as it has recently been shown how to measure the Planck length independent of other constants and without the need for dimensional analysis.

临近空间发展现状、问题及对策研究

临近空间是维护国家安全的战略高地,是新域新质作战力量的重要载体,是国际合作与竞争的新空域。本文通过系统分析临近空间的突出地位与重要意义,研判了全球临近空间发展的新形势,总结了我国临近空间发展的现状和存在的问题,提出了加快推进我国临近空间发展的措施建议。研究认为,目前全球临近空间技术发展迅速,世界各国临近空间管理探索不断创新,全球临近空间治理加速推进;我国在临近空间发展水平从技术实力、应用实力和保障实力等方面都居于世界领先地位,但还面临一些风险挑战。研究建议,从临近空间发展战略、临近空间关键技术发展与管理、临近空间应用技术与工程创新、临近空间法治保障、临近空间风险应对、临近空间国际治理、临近空间实验室体系建设与人才培养等多方面协同发力,全面提升我国临近空间的综合竞争力和影响力。

中国国土空间生态保护修复法律主题变迁研究

文章采用文本分析方法,系统回顾和梳理了1978年以来中国生态保护修复领域立法的历程,回溯中国相关环境立法主题的历史演变,揭示中国国土空间生态保护修复立法基础,旨在为新时期构建面向山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和系统治理的生态保护修复法治体系提供重要依据和参考。研究发现,中国国土空间生态保护修复相关法律经历了自然资源管理利用(1978—2011年)、单要素保护(2012—2017年)、屏障带生态保护和修复(2018—2023年)3个阶段的发展变化,体现了由单一要素转向全域全要素、由单目标线性治理转向多目标协同保护修复、由自然资源管理转向综合生态管理特点,但仍存在落实新理念新方法的法律规范未建立、部门职责划分不清晰、公众参与机制有效性不足等问题。未来,要充分贯彻生态系统方法,形成以自然资源部门“两统一”职责为核心的集中管辖、联席协调、逐层细化的管理体制,深化立法加强公众参与,发挥多学科多领域综合力量,共同开展立法研究与实践探索。

太空交通管理法制化探讨

“星链”避碰事件凸显了太空物体碰撞风险,太空交通管理法制化问题再次引起国际社会关注。人类探索和利用太空活动的步伐加快,对太空交通管理的法制诉求亦与日俱增。目前,尽管有一些国际公约或国际软法为太空交通管理法制化提供了法律原则,但是调整太空交通管理的专门性条约仍然缺失。在太空交通管理国内法制方面,美国试图通过先行制定国内规则,掌握太空交通管理的国际规则制定权。因此,中国太空交通管理法制化任重而道远。为此,应当加强双边合作与协调,借鉴公海交通规则,完善中国太空交通管理相关法律政策,为中国从航天大国转型为航天强国贡献法治力量。