Regulation effect of the grille spacing of a funnel-type grating water–sediment separation structure on the debris flow performance

The size of pores or the grille spacing of water–sediment separation structures directly affects their regulation effect on the debris flow performance.A suitable pore size or grille spacing can effectively improve the water–sediment separation ability of the structure.The new funnel-type grating water–sediment separation structure(FGWSS)combines vertical and horizontal structures and provides a satisfactory water–sediment separation effect.However,the regulation effect of the grille spacing of the structure on the debris flow performance has not been studied.The regulation effect of the structure grille spacing on the debris flow performance is studied through a flume test,and the optimal structure grille spacing is obtained.An empirical equation of the relationship between the relative grille spacing of the structure and the sediment separation rate is established.Finally,the influence of the water–sediment separation structure on the regulation effect of debris flows is examined from two aspects:external factors(properties of debris flows)and internal factors(structural factors).The experimental results show that the gradation characteristics of solid particles in debris flows constitute a key factor affecting the regulation effect of the structure on the debris flow performance.The optimum grille spacing of the FGWSS matches the particle size corresponding to the material distribution curves d85~d90 of the debris flow.The total separation rate of debris flow particles is related to the grille spacing of the structure and the content of coarse and fine particles in the debris flow.

T_2 Separation Subsets and T_2 Separateness in L-fuzzy Topological Spaces

The concept of α-CT2 separation L-fuzzy subsets in L-fuzzy topological spaces is presented by taking the stratiform structure of L-fuzzy subsets as the point of departure,and its basic characterizations and some topological properties are discussed,and the relation between it and other separateness is exposed,and the action is studied of α-CT2 separateness in N-compact spaces and N-paracompact spaces.

A Modal Identification Algorithm Combining Blind Source Separation and State Space Realization

A modal identification algorithm is developed, combining techniques from Second Order Blind Source Separation (SOBSS) and State Space Realization (SSR) theory. In this hybrid algorithm, a set of correlation matrices is generated using time-shifted, analytic data and assembled into several Hankel matrices. Dissimilar left and right matrices are found, which diagonalize the set of nonhermetian Hankel matrices. The complex-valued modal matrix is obtained from this decomposition. The modal responses, modal auto-correlation functions and discrete-time plant matrix (in state space modal form) are subsequently identified. System eigenvalues are computed from the plant matrix to obtain the natural frequencies and modal fractions of critical damping. Joint Approximate Diagonalization (JAD) of the Hankel matrices enables the under determined (more modes than sensors) problem to be effectively treated without restrictions on the number of sensors required. Because the analytic signal is used, the redundant complex conjugate pairs are eliminated, reducing the system order (number of modes) to be identified half. This enables smaller Hankel matrix sizes and reduced computational effort. The modal auto-correlation functions provide an expedient means of screening out spurious computational modes or modes corresponding to noise sources, eliminating the need for a consistency diagram. In addition, the reduction in the number of modes enables the modal responses to be identified when there are at least as many sensors as independent (not including conjugate pairs) modes. A further benefit of the algorithm is that identification of dissimilar left and right diagonalizers preclude the need for windowing of the analytic data. The effectiveness of the new modal identification method is demonstrated using vibration data from a 6 DOF simulation, 4-story building simulation and the Heritage court tower building.

μ-Separations in generalized topological spaces

This paper takes some investigations on generalized topological spaces with some μ- separations. Some characterizations of μTi-spaces for i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, μTn-spaces and μR0-spaces are obtained and some relations among these spaces are established.

Separation of Oil Phase from Dilute Oil/Water Emulsion in Confined Space Apparatus

A miniature process for separating the oil phase from dilute oil/water emulsion is developed.This process applies a confined space apparatus,which is a thin flow channel made of two parallel plastic plates.The space between the two plates is rather narrow to improve the collisions between oil droplets and the plate surface.Oil droplets have an affinity for the plate surface and thus are captured,and then coalesce onto the surface.The droplet size distribution of the residual emulsion resulted from the separation process is remarkably changed.The oil layer on the plate weakens the further separation of oil droplets from the emulsion.Three types of plate materials,polypropylene(PP),polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) and nylon 66,were used.It is found that PP is the best in terms of the oil separation efficiency and nylon 66 is the poorest.The interaction between droplets in the emulsion and plate surface is indicated by the spreading coefficient of oil droplet on the plate in aqueous environment,and the influences of formed oil layer and plate material on the separation efficiency are discussed.

Motion and Special Relativity in Complex Spaces

A natural extension of the Lorentz transformation to its complex version was constructed together with a parallel extension of the Minkowski M4 model for special relativity (SR) to complex C4 space-time. As the [signed] absolute values of complex coordinates of the underlying motion’s characterization in C4 one obtains a Newtonian-like type of motion whereas as the real parts of the complex motion’s description and of the complex Lorentz transformation, all the SR theory as modeled by M4 real space-time can be recovered. This means all the SR theory is preserved in the real subspace M4 of the space-time C4 while becoming simpler and clearer in the new complex model’s framework. Since velocities in the complex model can be determined geometrically, with no primary use of time, time turns out to be definable within the equivalent theory of the reduced complex C4 model to the C3 “para-space” model. That procedure allows us to separate time from the (para)space and consider all the SR theory as a theory of C3 alone. On the other hand, the complex time defined within the C3 theory is interpreted and modeled by the single separate C1 complex plane. The possibility for application of the C3 model to quantum mechanics is suggested. As such, the model C3 seems to have unifying abilities for application to different physical theories.

Gradient method for blind chaotic signal separation based on proliferation exponent

A new method to perform blind separation of chaotic signals is articulated in this paper, which takes advantage of the underlying features in the phase space for identifying various chaotic sources. Without incorporating any prior information about the source equations, the proposed algorithm can not only separate the mixed signals in just a few iterations, but also outperforms the fast independent component analysis （FastlCA） method when noise contamination is considerable.

Multi-dimensional blind separation method for STBC systems

Intercepted signal blind separation is a research topic with high importance for both military and civilian communication systems. A blind separation method for space-time block code （STBC） systems is proposed by using the ordinary independent component analysis （ICA）. This method cannot work when specific complex modulations are employed since the assumption of mutual independence cannot be satisfied. The analysis shows that source signals, which are group-wise independent and use multi-dimensional ICA （MICA） instead of ordinary ICA, can be applied in this case. Utilizing the block-diagonal structure of the cumulant matrices, the JADE algorithm is generalized to the multidimensional case to separate the received data into mutually independent groups. Compared with ordinary ICA algorithms, the proposed method does not introduce additional ambiguities. Simulations show that the proposed method overcomes the drawback and achieves a better performance without utilizing coding information than channel estimation based algorithms.

The Development of Memory Alloy Satellite-Rocket Separation Device for Commercial Small Satellites

Non-pyrotechnic separation devices have been fully recognized for their high performance and high reliability.The focus of this paper is mainly around the development of memory alloy satellite and rocket separation devices.Due to the increasing demand for small-sized rockets and satellites,some suggestions and experiments for developing this new type of non-pyrotechnic device are proposed and conducted.

基于语义分割的车位检测算法研究

作为自动泊车系统中至关重要的一环,车位检测算法的精度直接决定自动泊车系统的好坏.目前,基于语义分割的车位检测算法主要有两个问题:一是分割网络参数量较大,难以满足移动端部署;二是后处理提取算法复杂,难以满足实时检测要求.针对这两个问题,设计一种通过检测车位线来获取停车位的车位检测算法.采用深度可分离卷积和非对称卷积相结合的方式设计车位线分割网络UFAC-Net,并提出一种更为简洁的车位线提取算法.实验结果表明:UFAC-Net模型(UFAC-Net2)分割的平均像素精度为83.07%,平均交并比为73.05%,模型参数量为3.1 MB,达到目前PSV datasets上最好的分割精度;车位检测算法可检测复杂情况下的平行、垂直、倾斜3种类型的车位,在自定义测试集中精准率为99.23%,召回率为99.12%,单张图像检测时间为32.2 ms,具有良好的检测性能.

Research progress of space non-pyrotechnic low-shock connection and separation technology(SNLT):A review

Space missions have become diversified in recent years, where connection and separation devices play a crucial role as key components of various spacecraft. Traditional pyrotechnic devices have the advantages of large carrying capacity, rapid motion and functional reliability. However,their shortcomings such as great release shock, poor safety, unrepeatability and other prominent defects make them unsuitable for new generation spacecraft such as microsatellites to separate at low shock or lock repeatedly, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to develop space non-pyrotechnic low-shock connection and separation devices(SNLD) which are required for advanced aerospace missions. In this paper, the progress of the research on space non-pyrotechnic low-shock connection and separation technology(SNLT) is summarized and reviewed. Proceed from the principle of reducing shock for non-pyrotechnic devices, present studies are classified from the perspective of actuating technology and systematic designing methods. For non-pyrotechnic actuating techniques,according to different driving sources, the separation devices are classified into several main categories: electric, magnetic, gas and thermal actuating devices. The actuation principle and application prospect of separation techniques are introduced and the working process, dimension and mechanical properties of typical devices are compared and evaluated. For the systematic designing method, the common mechanism types of SNLDs are summarized according to the designing concept of reducing shock. Then connection configurations are classified according to the structural forms of connection devices, of which the principles, bearing capacities and general applications are discussed. This paper systematically summarizes the key problems, puts forward the future development trend of SNLT, and points out the breakthrough direction for related scholars.

基于DeeplabV3+网络的轻量化语义分割算法

针对传统语义分割模型参数量大、计算速度慢且效率不高等问题,改进一种基于DeeplabV3+网络的轻量化语义分割模型Faster-DeeplabV3+。Faster-DeeplabV3+模型采用轻量级MobilenetV2代替Xception作为主干特征提取网络,大幅减少参数量,提高计算速度;引入深度可分离卷积(deep separable convolution, DSC)与空洞空间金字塔(atrous spatia pyramid pooling, ASPP)中的膨胀卷积设计成新的深度可分离膨胀卷积(depthwise separable dilated convolution, DSD-Conv),即组成深度可分离空洞空间金字塔模块(DP-ASPP),扩大感受野的同时减少原本卷积参数量,提高运算速度;加入改进的双注意力机制模块分别对编码区生成的低级特征图和高级特征图进行处理,增强网络对不同维度特征信息提取的敏感性和准确性;融合使用交叉熵和Dice Loss两种损失函数,为模型提供更全面、更多样的优化。改进模型在PASCAL VOC 2012数据集上进行测试。实验结果表明:平均交并比由76.57%提升至79.07%,分割准确度由91.2%提升至94.3%。改进模型的网络参数量(params)减少了3.86×10~6,浮点计算量(GFLOPs)减少了117.98 G。因此,Faster-DeeplabV3+算法在大幅降低参数量、提高运算速度的同时保持较高语义分割效果。

汽车组合仪表有意电磁干扰空时域联合分离系统设计

有意电磁波与汽车仪器电磁传输波产生的混合干扰,降低了汽车组合仪表的稳定运行能力,造成仪表设备失灵;为避免上述情况的发生,设计汽车组合仪表有意电磁干扰空时域联合分离系统;在步进电机驱动电路中,设置汽车组合仪表控制器、分离电源与PCB电路板、有意电磁干扰数字传感器;分配有意电磁波空时域源地址,通过计算干扰信号平坦度的方式,确定脉冲参数的取值范围,实现汽车组合仪表有意电磁的空时域干扰效应分析;估算有意电磁波干扰信号的数目,按照信号分解的处理原则,求解联合分离修正函数,实现电磁干扰的联合分离;在设置频率范围在100 MHz~1 GHz之间、幅度范围为0.5~5 V、脉冲宽度范围为10~100 ns区间后,通过实验结果表明,设计系统应用后可以在混合信号中,按照空域、时域标准的不同分离有意电磁波,且分离后的信号波长、信号频率依然在1.0μm、300 Hz左右,不会因混合干扰降低汽车组合仪表的稳定运行能力。

虚拟仿真技术在空间机构连接分离实验教学中的应用

文中从空间机构连接分离实验教学入手,查找分析传统实验教学立足于新工科建设课程的不足,采用信息化虚拟仿真技术与宇航科研成果相融合的方式进行机构虚拟仿真实验平台的建设,探索新工科建设环境下实验教学的新方法。注重知识点与能力的融合,去专业知识碎片化,以学生为中心,以虚促实绿色取向的理念,论述空间机构连接分离虚拟仿真实验教学新方法的必要性。阐述空间机构连接分离虚拟仿真实验平台建设的内容,最后,进行虚拟仿真实验教学演示,为新工科建设航空宇航制造工程专业实验教学提供有力的支撑。

西部矿区深埋厚煤层采动覆岩离层发育规律数值模拟研究

为了丰富离层发育规律的研究方法,以石拉乌素矿221_上08工作面为对象,通过分布式光纤(BOTDR)及定点光纤对离层位置进行综合确定,结合颗粒流PFC^(2D)数值模拟,对大采高、大采深条件下采动覆岩离层发育规律进行研究。结果表明:随着工作面推进,离层空间在关键层底部自下而上向主关键层底部发育,离层发育埋深在440、396、376、331、321、296 m附近,层位止于粗砂岩主关键层底部;覆岩运移主要经历下位关键层沉降、上位亚关键层快速沉降、向粗砂岩主关键层底部发展、主关键层运移阶段;离层层位与工作面推进距离呈正比,且离层发育主要分为孕育(Ⅰ)-加速扩容(Ⅱ)-压密阶段(Ⅲ)3个阶段。

空基双天线场景下盲源分离解析估计方法

基于盲源分离的抗干扰技术在诸多领域中具有重要应用价值。在空基数据链常用的双接收天线场景中,应用传统盲源分离方法的计算复杂度比较高,难以进行实时处理,限制了盲源分离技术的性能上限。通过考虑空基数据链中期望信号与干扰信号的单径传播范式,提出了基于四阶累积量优化函数的盲源分离解析求解方法,并获得其闭式解。所提方法在保持估计性能的基础上降低了近67%的计算复杂度,更适于空基数据链计算资源受限下的硬件实现。所提解析方法具有近于0的翻转概率,能够进一步保持分离信号的输出顺序,有利于提升后续信号处理阶段中信号到达检测的估计性能。

模糊化拓扑空间中的δ-分离性及范畴FδTop的拓扑性

在模糊化拓扑空间中,利用连续值逻辑语义的方法介绍δ-开集,δ-闭集,δ-闭包和δ-邻域的概念,并以此为工具阐述T_(1)^(δ),T_(2)^(δ),T_(3)^(δ),T_(4)^(δ),T_(3)^(Sδ),T_(4)^(Sδ)分离性公理;其次研究它们的一些特征及等价刻画,讨论并证明它们彼此之间的关系;最后通过对δ-连续映射的定义,证明范畴FδTop是范畴Set上的拓扑范畴。

On Some Topological Properties of Normed Boolean Algebras

This paper concerns the compactness and separability properties of the normed Boolean algebras (N.B.A.) with respect to topology generated by a distance equal to the square root of a measure of symmetric difference between two elements. The motivation arises from studying random elements talking values in N.B.A. Those topological properties are important assumptions that enable us to avoid possible difficulties when generalising concepts of random variable convergence, the definition of conditional law and others. For each N.B.A., there exists a finite measure space ( E,ℰ,μ ) such that the N.B.A. is isomorphic to ( ℰ ˜ , μ ˜ ) resulting from the factorisation of initial σ-algebra by the ideal of negligible sets. We focus on topological properties ( ℰ ˜ , μ ˜ ) in general setting when μ can be an infinite measure. In case when μ is infinite, we also consider properties of ℰ ˜ fin ⊆ ℰ ˜ consisting of classes of measurable sets having finite measure. The compactness and separability of the N.B.A. are characterised using the newly defined terms of approximability and uniform approximability of the corresponding measure space. Finally, conditions on ( E,ℰ,μ ) are derived for separability and compactness of ℰ ˜ and ℰ ˜ fin .

集约束下的变分不等式:像空间分析法

变分不等式是一种数学模型,属于平衡问题的一类,常应用于交通均衡问题、经济均衡问题以及生态产业链问题。像空间分析法(ISA)是研究最优问题与平衡问题非常重要的工具之一。为了丰富ISA在变分不等式问题上的研究,在集约束的假设下,利用ISA研究了在欧氏空间中经典变分不等式问题。首先,验证了问题的线性分离性。然后,通过拉格朗日型函数得到了拉格朗日型鞍点条件。最后,给出了变分不等式的最优性条件。

SEPARATED FRAMES

In this paper we shall offer a separation axiom for frames inspired by the Hausdorff separation axiom for topological spaces. We call it separated condition. This is a condition on topology OX equivalent to the T O space X being Hausdorff. The class of separated frames includes that of strong Hausdorff frames and that of S frames. We shall show that the class of separated frames is a class closed under the formation of coproducts and subspaces, and the space Fil( L ) is Hausdorff for any separated frame L . Therefore there is a contravariant adjunction between the category TOP 2 of Hausdorff topological spaces and the category FRAM 2 of separated frames.