Improving landscape Characteristics in Port Said’s El Sallam Garden via Observational and Space Syntax Analysis

This paper provides a comprehensive examination of El Sallam Garden in Port Said City,concentrating on its landscape characteristics and potential for design enhancement.This study looks at how space syntax can be used to assess the impact of a tree planting design’s spatial configuration on an urban park’s visual fields.Trees play an important role in determining the spatial characteristics of an outdoor space.According to space syntax theory,an urban area is a collection of connected spaces that can be represented by a matrix of quantitative properties known as syntactic measures.Computer simulations can be used to measure the quantitative properties of these matrices.This study uses space syntax techniques to assess how tree configurations and garden area which can affect the social structures of small-scale gardens in Port Said.It also looks at how these techniques can be used to predict the social structures of four garden zones in El Sallam Garden.The study includes an observational and space syntax study through comparative analysis of four garden zones in El Sallam garden.The results of the study show that the area and planting configurations of the garden had a significant effect on the syntactic social and visual measures of the urban garden.The conclusions and recommendations can be a useful tool for landscape architects,urban planners,and legislators who want to enhance public areas and encourage social interaction in urban settings.

Space Syntax与Arc GIS集成技术下的商业体内行人轨迹预测

为有效地开展空间使用价值预测及人流预测,研究了建筑空间组织对人流分布的影响.以商业建筑为研究类型,选择两个典型样本,综合Space Syntax与Arc GIS集成技术对集销中心交通空间进行量化分析.该技术在建立理论与现实之间的反馈机制方面具有独特优势,研究数据表明:对于业种组合稳定的集销中心,可综合主入口位置、垂直交通布局与空间整合度等因素实现建筑内有效的人流分布预测;合理的垂直交通与业种分层组合有利于提高各层人流的可达性;集销中心内部空间均具有较强的对称性,其组构关系越简明、形态越统一,越利于实现人流均衡分布.

Optimization Research of Urban Space Configuration Based on Space Syntax

In this paper, a new method based on the space syntax is presented to optimize the urban space configuration. Space syntax theory is used to detect systematically whether one urban space configuration is optimal or not from four aspects including traffic space, cognition space, land use space and culture space. After introducing the computational and cognitive aspects of space syntax for the research of urban space, a framework of urban space optimization based on space syntax is proposed, then the integration with GIS and the extension to third dimension are discussed. Finally, a case study for Kanmen town of Zhejiang province of P.R.China is illustrated by using Axwoman tool.

Research on the Optimization of Public Spaces in Urban Villages Based on Space Syntax:A Case Study of Luochengtou Village in Handan City

This paper based on the theory of space syntax took Luochengtou Village in Handan City,Hebei Province for example,tried to figure out a proper way for the renewal of urban villages,and change the current dilemma of"one-size-fits-all"and"removing all"in most cases,and put forward that local conditions and regional characteristics must be considered to propose the renewal strategies more suitable for the targeted objects.Based on the space syntax Depthmap software and field investigation,the paper analyzed the accessibility,intelligibility and throughput of public spaces in Luochengtou Village,and put forward 3 optimization strategies in view of the problems such as insufficient public spaces,poor accessibility and intelligibility of roads,and poor activity of spaces,specifically,increasing public activity spaces,sorting out public space network,and creating active space nodes,so as to optimize public environment of the village,enhance villagers’sense of belonging,sense of safety and sense of identity.

Wandering crowd simulation based on space syntax theory

Space syntax has proven there appears to be a fundamental process that informs human and social usage of an environ- ment, and the effects of spatial configuration on movement patterns are consistent with a model of individual decision behavior. In- troducing space syntax to crowd simulation will enable space structure guide the random movement of the crowd with no specific targets. This paper proposes a simulation method of the wandering crowd, which calculates the crowd distribution corresponding to the space through space syntax and uses a hybrid path planning algorithm to dynamically navigate the crowd to conform to the dis- tribution. Experiments show the presented method can obtain reasonable and vision-realistic simulation results.

Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) Using Space Syntax: A Case Study of Urban Parks in the South of Brazil

This study is based on strategies for reading and representing the environment,associated with the theory of social logic of space(space syntax).The general objective of this study is to understand and compare the use of space syntax in relation to connectivity,integration and choice of axial routes of the urban parks of Porto Alegre,in the state of Rio Grande do Sul,south of Brazil.The method applied was the capture of georeferenced images for data analysis by using the Theory of Space Syntax(TSE).Thus,three variables were considered for interpretation:choice,connectivity and integration,and they were correlated to statistical data on urban morphology.The results demonstrated the possibility of obtaining significant improvements in the studied urban parks due to the need to create guidelines related to connection and integration that directly impact users'choice strategies when they move around the city.

Evaluation of Recreation Service Quality of Slow Traffic Space in Urban Parks Based on IPA-Space Syntax Model

To build an“ecological and livable city”,it is important to figure out the relationship between human activity and urban park space and create a high-quality urban park through the integration of“people”and“park”.Taking Longhu Park in Huainan Province as an example,the study quantitatively analyzed and evaluated the characteristics and service quality of slow traffic space using importance-performance analysis(IPA)and space syntax,clarified the key indexes and areas to be optimized,and put forward corresponding design countermeasures and suggestions in combination with human activity demand.The results suggest that:①The mean performance of park recreation service quality is 3.63,less than the mean importance(3.95).Tourists pay special attention to the safety and convenience of slow traffic space,and the diversity and identiability of site functions is the focus“to be improved”.②The accessibility of Longhu Park shows a strong irregular shape in the southwest.The dead-end roads in the far lake area and the flora and fauna area on the northwest side have weak spatial perception,and the composite function carrying potential of slow traffic space is better reflected in a small range.Therefore,an optimization strategy for slow traffic space is proposed to enhance the continuity of road network,site identifiability,and functional diversification.The results will provide new thoughts of governance based on spatial humanism for the high-quality renewal of urban parks in the new era.

Research on Campus Traffic Space Based on Space Syntax Theory:A Case Study of the Main Campus of North China University of Technology

As urban construction enters the era of stock development,the overall spatial environment of the main campus of North China University of Technology also needs to be updated.In this paper,the traffic network in the campus is extracted to draw the axis map,and the space syntax theory of Depth Map software is used to quantitatively analyze the integration and intelligence degree of the main campus of North China University of Technology.It is found that the overall spatial integration and intelligence degree of the campus are high,but the local space shows poor accessibility and insufficient space carrying capacity.Specific spatial optimization measures are proposed for the corresponding problems.The study compares and analyzes the experience information obtained from actual research with the quantitative index data,integrates the respective advantages of qualitative and quantitative analysis,and hopes to provide a certain theoretical basis for the construction of related campus space.

Accessibility and Integration Study of Part of the Abu Dhabi 2030 Master Plan by Using Space Syntax

This paper studies the accessibility of open spaces and facilities and the integration of streets to the whole urban system of the Emirati neighbourhood of the Business District of the Abu Dhabi 2030 Master Plan. For this purpose, axial lines were produced by applying space syntax theory, Depthmap software. The research aims to verify the location of open spaces and facilities, such as schools, in relation to the location of public transportation stops （bus, metro and tram）, in order to check their accessibility within walking distances. The objective is to pay attention to the relationship between land use and transportation in the planning phase for future interventions or proposals, in other words, to improve the accessibility of public spaces or buildings by pedestrians in order to comply with the vision of the Abu Dhabi 2030 Master Plan and its promotion of walkability and cycling. Although many measures will be taken at the scale of urban design to provide shaded open spaces and sidewalks, saving pedestrians from walking long distances shall be done in the planning phase, the challenge remains to create a micro climate to increase the ease of walking in the heat and decrease dependence on cars for mobility.

The Analysis of Pingyao Ancient Town Street Spaces and View Spots Reachability by Space Syntax

The Pingyao ancient town is one of the four largest ancient cities in China. This study analyzes street spaces characteristic and view spots reachability of the Pingyao ancient town using space syntax. Then, it is concluded that the integration and reachability of street spaces are relatively higher in the northern ancient town;the accessibility among street spaces is relatively higher in the northeastern ancient town;and most of the ancient town street spaces are very open. Furthermore, the reachability of 14 view spots and their 4 corresponding street spaces is relatively higher in the 20 view spots and their 9 corresponding street spaces. Finally, some suggestions are presented to the tourism development of Pingyao ancient town based on the above conclusions.

Optimization Strategy of Commercial Space in Xianyukou Hutong Based on Kernel Density and Space Syntax

Beijing Xianyukou Hutong(hutong refers to historical and cultural block in Chinese)occupies an important geographical location with unique urban fabric,and after years of renewal and protection,the commercial space of Xianyukou Street and has gained some recognition.This article Xianyukou takes commercial hutong in Beijing as an example,spatial analysis was carried out using methods like GIS kernel density method,space syntax after site investigation and research.Based on the street space problems found,this paper then puts forward strategies to improve and upgrade Xianyukou Street’s commercial space and improve businesses in Xianyukou Street and other similar hutong.

GIS、Space syntax和Google earth技术综合集成的城市空间形态特征提取与定量分析方法

院文章针对GIS、Space syntax和Google earth技术综合集成的城市空间形态特征提取与定量分析,首先说明了实验方法设计及方案,然后概述了实验实施过程,接着分析了实验数据分析结论,最后提出了相关建议,包括完善社区内功能用地与综合利用、有效衔接城市路网与社区道路、积极营造多元化开放活动空间。

Investigation and Analysis of Urban Spatial Structure around the Train Stations in Kitakyushu by Using Space Syntax and GIS

Although many methods of spatial analysis have been developed for a better understanding and modelling of urban space analysis, there is still a need for exploration of new analytical techniques for modelling urban spaces. Space Syntax models the spatial configurations of urban spaces by using a connectivity graph representation. Such a configuration of space identifies patterns that can be used to study urban structures and human behaviors. This paper tries to present a new methodology to investigate the urban spatial structure by using Space Syntax with the GIS information including land use, buildings’ characteristics and practical evaluations of the potential of the Space Syntax approach with GIS and multivariate analysis technique. Finally we try to offer some recommendations that attempt to improve the identified problems faced in Kitakyushu, Japan.

基于Space Syntax与GIS的城市历史文化街区空间形态分析——以成都市少城片区为例

文章以成都市少城片区历史文化街区为例,总结归纳相关文献,运用空间句法与GIS相结合的方法,对少城片区的空间形态进行量化分析研究,选取整合度、协同度、选择度、商业POI等4个参数,探究其空间形态特征。结果表明,少城片区呈现出整体与局部相协调的空间形态,空间结构层次分明,特殊的鱼骨形路网具有较高的向心性和聚合性,展现出了一定的历史文化吸引力,商业业态分布与人群的聚集呈现出一定的相关性,以期为今后城市空间与历史文化的融合更新提供参考。

Research on the Application of Space Syntax in Urban Planning

This paper presents the objective analysis of the application of space syntax in a large scale city design field and possible problems, and then introduces how to use quantitative techniques to enhance the science and rationality of the design on large scale city.

基于Space Syntax的预制件装嵌式建筑平面形态研究——以中国澳门旧区顺利楼为例

顺利楼是中国澳门最先采用预制件装嵌式建筑技术的建筑群,由于建造时间早,楼宇已逐渐出现设施老化与不足、环境卫生状况不佳、消防安全隐患突出等问题。与此同时,在经济迅速发展下,人民对生活品质需求的不断提高,城市更新需要回应人民的需求,满足人民对美好生活品质的向往。以中国澳门祐汉新邨的顺利楼为例,基于空间句法定量分析该旧民居楼宇平面空间形态的空间组构规律,以Space Syntax(空间句法)凸空间的9项指标、视域分析的5项指标及人流模拟对旧民居楼宇中的各个空间进行量化,并对该楼宇的平面优化提出建议,分析过程及优化建议适用于相同类型的楼宇中,为政府及企业的城市更新工作提供参考。

Privacy at home： Analysis of behavioral patterns in the spatial confisuration of traditional and modern houses in the city of Hamedan based on the notion of space syntax

The Iranian concept of home goes far beyond physicat aspects, and its essence is interwoven with the spiritual nature of humankind. This concept has gained new meanings with the modernization and industrialization of societies. In Iranian architecture, every need is realized in socio-physical systems as wetl as in design issues. Therefore, spatial retationships are centrat to architecture, especially residential architecture that addresses a great proportion of an individuat＇s dairy rife. Space syntax seeks to exptain how spatial configurations express social or cuttural meanings. One such meaning is confidentiatity, which was mainly introduced into Iranian architecture as a resutt of retigious betiefs. In Iranian architecture, confidentiality is viewed from the aspect of privacy. This study is a case study that makes use of description, anatysis, and logica[ reasoning. The objective is to analyze behavioral patterns in the spatiat configurations of traditional and modern houses in Hamedan. In so doing, library research, software simutation with the UCL Depthmap package, and comparison techniques are utilized. The findings indicate that the spatial configurations of houses have changed in the course of time. In terms of the indices of spatial configurations, however, the striking difference between traditionat and modern houses in Hamedan revolves around the integration and equivalence of aU spaces in a house. In other words, the hierarchy of access to spaces and the recognition of territories are limited in modern houses. Hence, privacy in modern houses fades.

Planting design for urban parks： Space syntax as a landscape design assessment tool

Trees are a major factor in defining the spatial qualities of outdoor spaces. This study investigates the influence of spatial configuration produced by the proposed tree planting design on the visual fields of an urban park using space syntax theory. Space syntax theory assumes that an urban area can be represented as a matrix of connected spaces. The quantitative properties of this matrix in the form of syntactic measures can be measured using computer simulations. This research investigates how space syntax techniques can help assess the effect of tree configurations on the social structure of a small-scale garden in an urban park. Such techniques are assumed useful in predicting the social structure of the proposed space and in assessing design alternatives. An experimental study using three different planting design proposals for an urban park is conducted. Data are analyzed using space syntax techniques. Results reveal a significant effect of planting configurations on syntactic measures across the three proposals. This study suggests that space syntax techniques may have a significant value in the assessment of schematic planting design, especially at the pedestrian movement level.

基于空间句法(Spacesyntax)分析的城市内部中心性研究——以苏州为例

回顾了传统城市中心性定量研究技术存在的不足,认为现代空间句法技术应用于城市中心性研究能够兼容空间的主客体性,减少分析要素的冗余,提高分析精度。在论证了技术原理现实可行性的基础上,对苏州市拓扑空间进行了中心性分析。分析结论表明,空间句法集成核轴线与城市中心功能吸引子分布高度协同,并体现出系列互动变化特征。结合当前两者协同发展过程中存在的问题,就城市中心体系发展提出相关发展建议:一是结合集成核结构演变规律,建立多中心结构体系;二是构建科学的交通体系,注重集成核街道的功能设计;三是引导增长中心功能发展,加强新城区集成核构建。

Assessing the visualization of space and traffic volume using GIS-based processing and visibility parameters of space syntax

Streets and physical layouts can be inherent in a sustainable city by emphasizing the use of space with planned strategies by promoting the movement of people and social behaviors for enhancing an economic structure.An analysis of the space layout is beneficial for defining the urban areas that can affect street behavior.A GIS incorporated with a space syntax can help to propagate the effectiveness of a spatial analysis in a study on urban spaces.The integration of the computational pieces of both a GIS analytical tool and space syntax parameters will stimulate research oriented urban systems and spatial morphologies combined with a spatial database.However,the development of livability can be affected by a set of parameters that define the used space.Thus,this paper was aimed at examining the space syntax parameters for space visualization to evaluate street behavior using the GIS processing and space syntax methods.In this study,a spatial analysis was used to generate spatial information on traffic volume,while a space syntax was used to test the street behavior.Also,a predictive analysis was conducted to identify the correlation between traffic behavior and a set of parameters.The results showed that integration and direct visibility were significant to the traffic volume.Most of the streets that were linked to the commercial area showed high integration and direct visibility,which increased by more than half,compared with the unlinked areas.Based on the statistical analysis,both parameters recorded aprobability of less than 5%.The results showed that any space designed with a continuous,direct and clear traffic volume will lead to increased integration and direct visibility,thus influencing a natural vehicle movement.