Optimization Research of Urban Space Configuration Based on Space Syntax

In this paper, a new method based on the space syntax is presented to optimize the urban space configuration. Space syntax theory is used to detect systematically whether one urban space configuration is optimal or not from four aspects including traffic space, cognition space, land use space and culture space. After introducing the computational and cognitive aspects of space syntax for the research of urban space, a framework of urban space optimization based on space syntax is proposed, then the integration with GIS and the extension to third dimension are discussed. Finally, a case study for Kanmen town of Zhejiang province of P.R.China is illustrated by using Axwoman tool.

Research on the Optimization of Public Spaces in Urban Villages Based on Space Syntax:A Case Study of Luochengtou Village in Handan City

This paper based on the theory of space syntax took Luochengtou Village in Handan City,Hebei Province for example,tried to figure out a proper way for the renewal of urban villages,and change the current dilemma of"one-size-fits-all"and"removing all"in most cases,and put forward that local conditions and regional characteristics must be considered to propose the renewal strategies more suitable for the targeted objects.Based on the space syntax Depthmap software and field investigation,the paper analyzed the accessibility,intelligibility and throughput of public spaces in Luochengtou Village,and put forward 3 optimization strategies in view of the problems such as insufficient public spaces,poor accessibility and intelligibility of roads,and poor activity of spaces,specifically,increasing public activity spaces,sorting out public space network,and creating active space nodes,so as to optimize public environment of the village,enhance villagers’sense of belonging,sense of safety and sense of identity.

Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) Using Space Syntax: A Case Study of Urban Parks in the South of Brazil

This study is based on strategies for reading and representing the environment,associated with the theory of social logic of space(space syntax).The general objective of this study is to understand and compare the use of space syntax in relation to connectivity,integration and choice of axial routes of the urban parks of Porto Alegre,in the state of Rio Grande do Sul,south of Brazil.The method applied was the capture of georeferenced images for data analysis by using the Theory of Space Syntax(TSE).Thus,three variables were considered for interpretation:choice,connectivity and integration,and they were correlated to statistical data on urban morphology.The results demonstrated the possibility of obtaining significant improvements in the studied urban parks due to the need to create guidelines related to connection and integration that directly impact users'choice strategies when they move around the city.

Evaluation of Recreation Service Quality of Slow Traffic Space in Urban Parks Based on IPA-Space Syntax Model

To build an“ecological and livable city”,it is important to figure out the relationship between human activity and urban park space and create a high-quality urban park through the integration of“people”and“park”.Taking Longhu Park in Huainan Province as an example,the study quantitatively analyzed and evaluated the characteristics and service quality of slow traffic space using importance-performance analysis(IPA)and space syntax,clarified the key indexes and areas to be optimized,and put forward corresponding design countermeasures and suggestions in combination with human activity demand.The results suggest that:①The mean performance of park recreation service quality is 3.63,less than the mean importance(3.95).Tourists pay special attention to the safety and convenience of slow traffic space,and the diversity and identiability of site functions is the focus“to be improved”.②The accessibility of Longhu Park shows a strong irregular shape in the southwest.The dead-end roads in the far lake area and the flora and fauna area on the northwest side have weak spatial perception,and the composite function carrying potential of slow traffic space is better reflected in a small range.Therefore,an optimization strategy for slow traffic space is proposed to enhance the continuity of road network,site identifiability,and functional diversification.The results will provide new thoughts of governance based on spatial humanism for the high-quality renewal of urban parks in the new era.

Research on the Application of Space Syntax in Urban Planning

This paper presents the objective analysis of the application of space syntax in a large scale city design field and possible problems, and then introduces how to use quantitative techniques to enhance the science and rationality of the design on large scale city.

基于Space Syntax与GIS的城市历史文化街区空间形态分析——以成都市少城片区为例

文章以成都市少城片区历史文化街区为例,总结归纳相关文献,运用空间句法与GIS相结合的方法,对少城片区的空间形态进行量化分析研究,选取整合度、协同度、选择度、商业POI等4个参数,探究其空间形态特征。结果表明,少城片区呈现出整体与局部相协调的空间形态,空间结构层次分明,特殊的鱼骨形路网具有较高的向心性和聚合性,展现出了一定的历史文化吸引力,商业业态分布与人群的聚集呈现出一定的相关性,以期为今后城市空间与历史文化的融合更新提供参考。

基于Space Syntax的预制件装嵌式建筑平面形态研究——以中国澳门旧区顺利楼为例

顺利楼是中国澳门最先采用预制件装嵌式建筑技术的建筑群,由于建造时间早,楼宇已逐渐出现设施老化与不足、环境卫生状况不佳、消防安全隐患突出等问题。与此同时,在经济迅速发展下,人民对生活品质需求的不断提高,城市更新需要回应人民的需求,满足人民对美好生活品质的向往。以中国澳门祐汉新邨的顺利楼为例,基于空间句法定量分析该旧民居楼宇平面空间形态的空间组构规律,以Space Syntax(空间句法)凸空间的9项指标、视域分析的5项指标及人流模拟对旧民居楼宇中的各个空间进行量化,并对该楼宇的平面优化提出建议,分析过程及优化建议适用于相同类型的楼宇中,为政府及企业的城市更新工作提供参考。

Planting design for urban parks： Space syntax as a landscape design assessment tool

Trees are a major factor in defining the spatial qualities of outdoor spaces. This study investigates the influence of spatial configuration produced by the proposed tree planting design on the visual fields of an urban park using space syntax theory. Space syntax theory assumes that an urban area can be represented as a matrix of connected spaces. The quantitative properties of this matrix in the form of syntactic measures can be measured using computer simulations. This research investigates how space syntax techniques can help assess the effect of tree configurations on the social structure of a small-scale garden in an urban park. Such techniques are assumed useful in predicting the social structure of the proposed space and in assessing design alternatives. An experimental study using three different planting design proposals for an urban park is conducted. Data are analyzed using space syntax techniques. Results reveal a significant effect of planting configurations on syntactic measures across the three proposals. This study suggests that space syntax techniques may have a significant value in the assessment of schematic planting design, especially at the pedestrian movement level.

Sustainable Urban Mobility: (A)Synchrony between Subway Systems

The present study analyses the differences between the subways systems of two cities, Lisbon (Portugal) and Brasília (Brazil), verifying the extent to which their subway systems are spatially integrated with the respective urban fabric-which would promote a better synchrony in terms of economy and sustainability. For interpreting the data, the methodology and tools of the Theory of the Social Logic of Space were used, by means of axial maps, researching the relationship between the constructed and empty (public spaces) areas of the urban structures. Based on the findings, meaningful differences between the subway systems and the configuration of urban spaces were observed, as a product of specific design matrixes. In Lisbon, the mobility associated to the subway seems to be encouraged by the integration of the system with the potential for movement provided by the urban tissue (making the secondary centralities articulated with the subway stations more dynamic). In Brasilia, however, there are several difficulties for such mobility, due to the predominant role of the empty spaces in the city which weakens the gathering potential of such areas, despite the fact that such articulation with secondary centralities is also present there.

Unveiling the potential of space syntax approach for revitalizing historic urban areas:A case study of Yushan Historic District,China

Historic urban areas are a crucial component of urban heritage,embodying the collective memory of urban development and possessing distinctive urban textures and cultural attributes.However,the growing impact of globalization on the urban environment poses challenges to historic urban areas,including diminishing social recognition,aging infrastructure,loss of vitality,and cultural erosion.To address these challenges,this study proposes a novel approach to revitalizing historic urban areas by employing space syntax methodology.The study focuses on Yushan Historic District in China as a case study and uses spatial models within space syntax to describe,analyze,and interpret its urban morphology.The objective is to enhance urban vitality while preserving the heritage fabric of historic urban areas.Additionally,it aims to contribute to the advancement of space syntax research,specifically in the context of urban renewal and revitalization of historic districts.The findings reveal the spatial factors that contribute to the generation of vitality within the district,identify areas requiring intervention,and provide strategies for revitalizing historic urban areas.This study demonstrates the potential of utilizing a space syntax approach in urban revitalization,providing valuable guidance for effectively conserving urban heritage within the context of urban renewal.

The common language of space:a way of looking at the social,economic and environmental functioning of cities on a common basis

This paper proposes that in addition to urban research which seeks to provide answers to policy questions, there is also a need for research which directly addresses the physical and spatial complexity of the built environment itself, and explores any effects it may in itself have on the functioning of the urban system. This type of research reflects the questions architects and urban designers typically ask, rather than those that preoccupy planners. For such research to be effective, the physical complexity variable must be controlled at the level at which real design decisions are made. “Space syntax” research attempts to do this by treating built environments as systems of space, analysing them “configurationally”, and trying to bring to light their underlying patterns and structures. Results from space syntax research into many aspects of urban space and how it works show a consistency which suggests that analysing spacial structure can be a general means of investigating the structure and function of cities. It may, in effect, be the common language of the city.

The Hierarchical Order of Spaces in Arab Traditional Towns: The Case of Najd, Saudi Arabia

The built environment faces many challenges in accommodating multi-cultural diversity and migrating from the suburbs, which led to different places being isolated or neglected. Sub-identities established by a specific group of people become isolated and away from the shared identity that the built environment established for itself. We examine this issue in the Najdi built environment by examining how Najdi locals generated a holistic hierarchical order of specs. This paper argues that the spatial order encouraged locals to develop a shared and agreed mechanism while in parallel, it gave individuals the ability to modify their places without affecting that shared holistic spatial order.

UrbanXTools协同式城市设计工作坊教学实验

基于图论的量化方法使得空间句法特别适合应用于参数化设计。这方面最新的技术发展以Urban XTools工具为代表。本文介绍了一个短期工作坊的教学过程,分析了Urban XTools工具在城市设计中的几种主要应用情景及其技术路线和方法特点。工作坊教学成果表明,该工具符合城市规划设计逻辑,具有参数化联动和多专业协同的特点,能够有效连接控制性规划与城市设计方案,实现地块指标多维量化与城市设计方案推敲之间的高效互动。

伦敦大都市区产业-空间系统协同演化研究及启示

文章基于耦合协调度模型分析伦敦大都市区产业-空间系统的协同关系,并通过梳理英国政策机制和空间规划体系的演变特征,总结产业-空间系统协同演化的影响机制。结果发现:(1)伦敦大都市区产业-空间系统的协同水平在空间上呈现从内向外的圈层式跌落特征,在时间上表现为2001-2010年的失调衰退阶段和2011-2021年的缓慢优化阶段;(2)英国区域治理政策机制和空间规划体系经历了复杂变迁,呈现与产业-空间系统协同演化阶段在时间上的同步性。

城市公共空间研究进展及在中国场景下展开的路径

“城市公共空间”是一个典型的跨学科研究话题,其研究方法和成果也呈现出学科融合的趋势。本文基于政治学的问题意识对各学科的相关研究成果进行了整合与梳理,将其归纳为四个分析视角:政治理论视角中的“公共领域”问题、历史视角中的社会组织问题与城市公众史学的研究方法、比较视角中的政治割据问题与文化批判话语和技术视角中的空间句法与空间行为的具体测量方法。此外,立足于当今中国城市政治发展的客观现状和现有学术路径,中国政治学对城市公共空间的研究,可以依循如下三条研究进路。首先要在政治学的学科框架内对“城市公共空间”的概念和研究范围进行厘定,然后寻找城市公共空间相关问题与政治学核心问题的链接,最后在研究方法和研究思路上可以借鉴现象学的理路进行日常政治生活的研究。

从中世纪城市到现代城市的转型——以罗马和伦敦为例

从文艺复兴至19世纪末,欧洲在科学、技术、经济和社会等方面发生一系列重大转变,这些转变也体现在城市转型上,罗马与伦敦被认为是这个转型过程中最有代表性的两个例子。罗马文艺复兴时期的大规模重建是欧洲从中世纪城市向现代城市转型的开先河范本,奠定欧洲城市用地模式以及街道、街坊、城市型公共空间和街区等一系列欧洲城市空间结构的普遍规律。17世纪后半程至18世纪早期,伦敦城市转型沿用罗马重建的一些特征,但伦敦重建在建筑类型、城市广场和城市社区规划等方面有很大发展。这两个城市转型不仅对其他欧洲城市发展演变有巨大影响,而且对理解美国重点大城市中心城区的用地特征有很大帮助。

基于空间句法与POI数据相关性的新旧城区空间对比分析——以南昌市旧城区和红谷滩新区为例

借助POI数据,使用Depthmap和ArcGIS中的核密度估算法缓冲区分析,对南昌市旧城区和红谷滩新区的城市空间进行研究,分析并对比两者日常服务设施POI集聚情况及其与城市道路空间结构的相关性。结果显示:旧城区城市空间中,道路空间结构的局域整合度与日常服务设施POI集聚相关性显著,六类日常服务设施POI集聚的核心位置多样,“饮食娱乐”不与道路空间结构相关;红谷滩新区城市空间中,道路空间结构的全局整合度与日常服务设施POI集聚相关性显著,六类日常服务设施POI集聚的核心位置单一,“服务住宿”不与道路空间结构相关。

河西走廊历史街区层积解析与整体保护策略研究——以张掖市文庙巷街区为例

历史街区的风貌特征与文化资源正在城市更新中不断消逝,张掖市文庙巷历史街区也面临着同样的问题,历史性城镇景观(HUL)理论的出现为解决这一问题提供了新思路。文章从历史性城镇景观理论出发,提取“动态层积”概念,基于城市整体格局及历史文化价值内涵,从“时间—空间”角度入手,运用空间句法对该街区的层积演变进行解读。挖掘其传统教育文化内涵,探索其价值关联,从而更好地进行整体性保护,以期使城市更新和街区保护达成一种“双赢”的结果。

青岛灵山湾生态型城市旅游综合体空间结构演化及机制

以青岛灵山湾为例,结合空间句法和GIS工具,从空间拓扑维度剖析Eco-UTC空间结构演变规律。结果显示,灵山湾Eco-UTC空间结构呈现由内陆局限发育向海滨有序延伸的演化特征,经历了“指状生长、轴向扩张、集中整合”的演变过程,从旅游人地关系视角看,该规律形成源于资源、行政、经济和市场等因素的合力驱动,本质上则是作为地理要素的城市空间在转型发展导向下,通过资源、经济、市场和行政等媒介要素,对作为人类经济活动表征体的Eco-UTC定向作用,以及Eco-UTC通过空间重构对外部环境变化积极适应的结果。精准引导各影响要素合理流动与高效配置,则是推进Eco-UTC空间集约增长和城市休闲活力倍增的有效路径。

基于多源数据空间分析的城市体检方法与更新策略——以北京市海淀街道为例

在城市更新中基于多源数据与空间分析模型有助于精准发现问题并解析其形成的机理,对保证更新措施的有效性和长效性均有重要意义。本研究以北京市海淀街道的城市体检工作为例,以绿色出行、完整社区和健康城市为目标,综合多源大数据与实地调研小数据对慢行交通、社区商业和公共空间三方面的问题进行诊断,并应用空间句法模型对问题背后的路权分配、社区商业需求、居民户外活动的自组织空间规律进行了分析,探索了一种以数据空间分析为基础的城市问题诊断-分析-优化的工作流程。