Optimization Transmission Theory and Technical Pathways that Describe Multiscale Urban Agglomeration Spaces

Urban agglomerations are spatial entities that promote the development of ‘new urbanization' processes within China. In this context, the concept of ‘multiscale urban agglomeration spaces' encompasses three linked levels: macroscale urban agglomerations, mesoscale cities, and microscale urban centers. Applying a series of multidisciplinary integrated research methods drawn from geography, urban planning, and architecture, this paper reveals two intensive utilization laws that can be generalized to apply to multiscale urban agglomeration spaces, top-to-bottom ‘positive transmission' linkage and inside-to-outside ‘negative transmission' movement. This paper also proposes optimization transmission theory and policy decision technical pathways that can be applied to these three urban agglomeration spatial scales. Specific technical pathways of transmission include intensive expansion and simulated decision-making in macroscale urban agglomerations, ecology, production, and living space intensive layout and dynamic decision-making in mesoscale cities, and four cores(i.e., ‘single, ring, axis, and pole core') progressive linkage and intensive optimization decision-making in microscale urban centers. The theory and technical pathways proposed in this paper solve the technical problem of optimization and provide intensive methods that can be applied not only at the individual level but also at multiple scales in urban agglomeration spaces. This study also advances a series of comprehensive technical solutions that can be applied to both compact and smart growth cities as well as to urban agglomerations. Solid theoretical support is provided for the optimization of Chinese land development, urbanization, agricultural development, and ecological security.

THE EQUIVALENCE THEORY OF NATIVE SPACES

In this paper some equivalence definitions are given for native spaces which were introduced by Madych and Nelson and have become influential in the theory of radial basis functions. The abstract elements in native spaces are interpreted. Moreover, Weinrich and Iske's theories are unified.

THE EMBEDDING THEORY OF NATIVE SPACES

In the theory of radial basis functions, mathematicians use linear combinations of the translates of the radial basis functions as interpolants. The set of these linear combinations is a normed vector space. This space can be completed and become a Hilbert space, called native space, which is of great importance in the last decade. The native space then contains some abstract elements which are not linear combinations of radial basis functions. The meaning of these abstract elements is not fully known. This paper presents some interpretations for the these elements. The native spaces are embedded into some well-known spaces. For example, the Sobolev-space is shown to be a native space. Since many differential equations have solutions in the Sobolev-space, we can therefore approximate the solutions by linear combinations of radial basis functions. Moreover, the famous question of the embedding of the native space into L2(Ω) is also solved by the author.

The Fundamental Definitions in Radar Measurement Principle and Theory of Space and Time

Fundamental definitions of distance and velocity in radar measurement principle are examined and revised from strict theoretical point of view. Synchronization scheme - for clocks in uniform, translatory relative motion is introduced as theoretical foundation for GPS and GLONASS type navigation and positioning technology. Traditional definitions of two-way radar measurement, based on arithmetic mean vlaue concept, turn out to be special cases of revised definitions for one-way radar measurement, based on geometric mean concept, derived from synchronization of moving clocks in accordance with the principle of relativity. The essential physical meaning of Lorentz transformation is interpreted in terms of radar measured parameters. Invariance or absoluteness of four dimensional interval turns out to be invariance or absoluteness of geometric mean time interval. The Lorentz factor turns out to be ratio of geometric mean and arithmetic mean time intervals in terms of radar measured parameters. Theoretical results are illustrated transparently by numerical examples. A crucial experiment for direct testing of the second postulate of special relativity by means of GPS of GLONASS type technology is proposed in this paper.

Study on the Online Representation of Chinese Rural Wanghong Based on Space Theory-Taking Kuaishou as an Example

As the development of 5G technology and new media platform,UGC and the participation culture appears.Short video platform such as Kuaishou has the characterist of low production threshold,easy to use,attracting a great number of users.A great number of internet celebries appears including rural wanghong.In the traditional media era,the communication mode is one way,farmers,especially rural women,are always on the margins of mainstream media discourse.However,the appearance of short video platform gives them right of spearking,in the space conducted by short video platform contains complex Ideology and social structure which also restrict the online space practice of users.Thus,rural female users’online practice is a kind of dynamic balance following the spatial discipline.This study will analyze the support and constraints of rural female wanghong’s online representation,figure out the relationship of online representation and their traditional rural culture.It provides theoretical suggestions for harmonious coexistence among rural women,social media platforms,the state and society.

A Novel Formal Theory for Security Protocol Analysis of Denial of Service Based on Extended Strand Space Model

Denial of Service Distributed Denial of Service （DOS） attack, especially （DDoS） attack, is one of the greatest threats to Internet. Much research has been done for it by now, however, it is always concentrated in the behaviors of the network and can not deal with the problem exactly. In this paper, we start from the security of the protocol, then we propose a novel theory for security protocol analysis of Denial of Service in order to deal with the DoS attack. We first introduce the conception of weighted graph to extend the strand space model, then we extend the penetrator model and define the goal of anti-DoS attack through the conception of the DoS-stop protocol, finally we propose two kinds of DoS test model and erect the novel formal theory for security protocol analysis of Denial of Service. Our new formal theory is applied in two example protocols. It is proved that the Internet key exchange （IKE） easily suffers from the DoS attacks, and the efficient DoS- resistant secure key exchange protocol （JFK） is resistant against DoS attack for the server, respectively.

A Closure for Isotropic Turbulence Based on Extended Scale Similarity Theory in Physical Space

The closure of a turbulence field is a longstanding fundamental problem, while most closure models are introduced in spectral space. Inspired by Chou＇s quasi-normal closure method in spectral space, we propose an analytical closure model for isotropic turbulence based on the extended scale similarity theory of the velocity structure function in physical space. The assumptions and certain approximations are justified with direct numerical simulation. The asymptotic scaling properties are reproduced by this new closure method, in comparison to the classical Batchelor model.

Capacity Analysis for Dynamic Space Networks

To evaluate transmission rate of highly dynamic space networks,a new method for studying space network capacity is proposed in this paper. Using graph theory,network capacity is defined as the maximum amount of flows ground stations can receive per unit time. Combined with a hybrid constellation model,network capacity is calculated and further analyzed for practical cases. Simulation results show that network capacity will increase to different extents as link capacity,minimum ground elevation constraint and satellite onboard processing capability change. Considering the efficiency and reliability of communication networks,how to scientifically design satellite networks is also discussed.

Cognitive Interpretation of Synaesthesia Metaphors Based on Blending Space Theory

Recently the academia tends to take synaesthesia metaphor as a cognitive phenomenon and an important part of the research of cognitive linguistics since synaesthesia metaphor symbolizes the way we perceive the world and the way we think.Blending Space Theory is a theoretical framework interpreting the cognitive activities.The present paper attempts to divide the synaesthesia metaphor into two kinds;tries to obtain the cognitive interpretation of synaesthesia metaphors based on Blending Space Theory,and further deepens people’s understanding of the research object:synaesthesia metaphor.

Inverted Organic Solar Cells with Improved Performance using Varied Cathode Buffer Layers

Organic solar cells with inverted planar heterojunction structure based on subphthalocya- nine and C60 were fabricated using several kinds of materials as cathode buffer layer （CBL）, including tris-8-hydroxy-quinolinato aluminum （Alq3）, bathophenanthroline （Bphen）, bathocuproine, 2,3,8,9,14,15-hexakis-dodecyl-sulfanyl-5,6,11,12,17,18-hexaazatrinaphthylene （HATNA）, and an inorganic compound of Cs2CO3. The influence of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level and the electron mobility of organic CBL on the solar cells perfor- mance was compared. The results showed that Alq3, Bphen, and HATNA could significantly improve the device performance. The highest efficiency was obtained from device with an- nealed HATNA as CBL and increased for more than 7 times compared with device without CBL. Furthermore~ the simulation results with space charge-limited current theory indicated that the Schottky barrier at the organic/electrode interface in inverted OSC structure was reduced for 27% by inserting HATNA CBL.

RHEOLOGY OF SEMICONCENTRATED FIBRE SUSPENSION IN THE OLDROYD-B FLUID

The constitutive equation for a semiconcentrated fibre suspension in the Oldroyd-B fluid has been derived from a statistical model of such a suspension by employing the molecular theory for polymeric liquids.To circumvent theoretical difficulties in viscoelastic fluid mechanics,several simplified models are used to account for the interactions of fibres and polymer molecules.Some of material functions are calculated in terms of the constitutive equation.

On precise time integration method for non-classically damped MDOF systems

In the complex mode superposition method, the equations of motion for non-classically damped multiple-degree-of-freedom （MDOF） discrete systems can be transferred into a combination of some generalized SDOF complex oscillators. Based on the state space theory, a precise recurrence relationship for these complex oscillators is set up; then a delicate general solution of non-classically damped MDOF systems, completely in real value form, is presented in this paper. In the proposed method, no calculation of the matrix exponential function is needed and the algorithm is unconditionally stable. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed method.

A Study on If-conditionals in English from a Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics

As an important form to express inference and reasoning,if-conditional has occupied a significant position in linguistic research.Traditional studies investigate the issue in virtue of categorization,cognitive semantics and comparative analysis,etc.So far few researches have concerned meaning construction of if-conditionals from a perspective of cognitive linguistics.Based on the mental space theory,it is found that two mental spaces are set up in discourse,a base space representing if-clause and main clause represented by an expansion space.When elements in spaces are respectively projected in a mapping relation,the meaning is constructed by blending.This paper aims to provide a full interpretation for meaning construction by establishment of mental spaces and mapping between them,and also the analysis of subjectification pattern of if-conditionals,providing reference for future studies of the issue.

The Guidance and Meaning directed by the Three Phases of Memory on the Reading of Literature Works Written by the Style of Stream of Consciousness ——taking the Work Hear the Wind Sing by Haruki Murakami as an Example

Recently, the researchers put their attention on the literature works on Virginia Woolf or James Joyce too heavily just because the skill of stream of consciousness is used through the novel completely. Choosing this novel by Japanese writer as an example is an experiment, because the stream of consciousness as a composing method has melted its impression into the modem novel. And in the researcher＇s opinion, regardless the traditional part, the researching focus should be shifted on the works written by nowadays writer. To begin this paper, there are four questions should be solved： First, the definition of stream of consciousness should be known clearly; another question is the structure analysis of structure of Hear the Wind Sing; secondly, compared with the mental space theory and blending theory by Fauconnier, how to judge the function of Three Phases of memory＇s direction on reading should be focused on; thirdly, the reason why readers meet the problem of barrier when they read the stream of consciousness novel, and how the memory helps to solve the problem should be study in this section. Fourth, the extra factors which support the function of memory will enhance the skill of reading the SOC novel and finally foreground the meaning.

Dynamic response of jetting and cementing bucket platform to wave and current loading

The jetting and cementing bucket platform （JCBP） is a new type offshore oil-drilling platform. This paper aims to establish an analysis method for calculating the dynamic response of this platform. Based on the theory of elastic half space, the dynamic stiffness and damping of the platform＇ s foundation were obtained and attached to the end of the platform＇ s main jackets as a boundary condition. Then using finite element method （FEM）, the dynamic response of the platform due to wave and current loading was calculated. Furthermore, the whole platform＇ s finite element model was established and the dynamic response of the platform was calculated. The numerical results demonstrate that the present method by the usage of elastic half space theory and FEM is simple and it is reliable and efficient to calculate dynamic behavior of the platform in response to wave and current loading.

On the Theory of Probabilistic Metric Spaces with Applications

0. IntroductionThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the theory of probabilistic metric spaces (PM-spaces) and its applications. In § 1 we introduce a kind of Menger PM-spaces. By virtue of their basic properties and the Menger-Hausdorff metric defined for this kind of spaces, in § 2 we shall give some fixed point theorems for multi-valued mappings on PM-spaces. In addition, in § 3 we shall give some fixed point theorems for one-valued mappings on PM-space, which generalize and improve

Real-variable characterizations of anisotropic product Musielak-Orlicz Hardy spaces

Let A :=(A_1, A_2) be a pair of expansive dilations and φ : R^n×R^m×[0, ∞) → [0, ∞) an anisotropic product Musielak-Orlicz function. In this article, we introduce the anisotropic product Musielak-Orlicz Hardy space H~φ_A(R^n× R^m) via the anisotropic Lusin-area function and establish its atomic characterization, the g-function characterization, the g_λ~*-function characterization and the discrete wavelet characterization via first giving out an anisotropic product Peetre inequality of Musielak-Orlicz type. Moreover, we prove that finite atomic decomposition norm on a dense subspace of H~φ_A(R^n× R^m) is equivalent to the standard infinite atomic decomposition norm. As an application, we show that, for a given admissible triplet(φ, q, s), if T is a sublinear operator and maps all(φ, q, s)-atoms into uniformly bounded elements of some quasi-Banach spaces B, then T uniquely extends to a bounded sublinear operator from H~φ_A(R^n× R^m) to B. Another application is that we obtain the boundedness of anisotropic product singular integral operators from H~φ_A(R^n× R^m) to L~φ(R^n× R^m)and from H~φ_A(R^n×R^m) to itself, whose kernels are adapted to the action of A. The results of this article essentially extend the existing results for weighted product Hardy spaces on R^n× R^m and are new even for classical product Orlicz-Hardy spaces.

Classification of Hardy Submodules and Characteristic Space Theory（A Brief and Selective Survey）

This paper is a brief and selective survey on classification of Hardy Submodules over the polydisk. The survey reports some progress in classification of Hardy submodules

On the Local Wellposedness of Three-dimensional MHD System in the Critical Spaces

In this article, we prove the local wellposedness of Three-Dimensional incompressible magnetohydrodynamic system（MHD） with initial data in the critical spaces, without assumptions of small density variation.

Discovery of New Metastable Patterns in Diblock Copolymers

The ordered patterns formed bymicrophase-separated block copolymer systems demonstrate periodic symmetry,and all periodic structures belong to one of 230 space groups.Based on this fact,a strategy of estimating the initial values of self-consistent field theory to discover ordered patterns of block copolymers is developed.In particular,the initial period of the computational box is estimated by the Landau-Brazovskii model as well.By planting the strategy into the whole-space discrete method,several new metastable patterns are discovered in diblock copolymers.