Indirect Vector Control of Linear Induction Motors Using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation

Vector control schemes have recently been used to drive linear induction motors(LIM)in high-performance applications.This trend promotes the development of precise and efficient control schemes for individual motors.This research aims to present a novel framework for speed and thrust force control of LIM using space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM)inverters.The framework under consideration is developed in four stages.To begin,MATLAB Simulink was used to develop a detailed mathematical and electromechanical dynamicmodel.The research presents a modified SVPWM inverter control scheme.By tuning the proportional-integral(PI)controller with a transfer function,optimized values for the PI controller are derived.All the subsystems mentioned above are integrated to create a robust simulation of the LIM’s precise speed and thrust force control scheme.The reference speed values were chosen to evaluate the performance of the respective system,and the developed system’s response was verified using various data sets.For the low-speed range,a reference value of 10m/s is used,while a reference value of 100 m/s is used for the high-speed range.The speed output response indicates that themotor reached reference speed in amatter of seconds,as the delay time is between 8 and 10 s.The maximum amplitude of thrust achieved is less than 400N,demonstrating the controller’s capability to control a high-speed LIM with minimal thrust ripple.Due to the controlled speed range,the developed system is highly recommended for low-speed and high-speed and heavy-duty traction applications.

A Novel Fuzzy Direct Torque Control System for Three-level Inverter-fed Induction Machine

Diode clamped multi-level inverter （DCMLI） has a wide application prospect in high-voltage and adjustable speed drive systems due to its low stress on switching devices, low harmonic output, and simple structure. However, the problem of complexity of selecting vectors and capacitor voltage unbalance needs to be solved when the algorithm of direct torque control （DTC） is implemented on DCMLI. In this paper, a fuzzy DTC system of an induction machine fed by a three-level neutral-point-clamped （NPC） inverter is proposed. After introducing fuzzy logic, optimal selecting switching state is realized by applying various strategies which can distinguish the grade of the errors of stator flux linkage, torque, the neutral-point potential, and the position of stator flux linkage. Consequently, the neutral-point potential unbalance, the dr/dr of output voltage and the switching loss are restrained effectively, and desirable dynamic and steady-state performances of induction machines can be obtained for the DTC scheme. A design method of the fuzzy controller is introduced in detail, and the relevant simulation and experimental results have verified the feasibility of the proposed control algorithm.

Application of direct torque control to electric screw presses for speeding up torque response and reducing starting current

Fast response and stable torque output are crucial to the performance of electric screw presses. This paper describes the design of a direct torque control （DTC） system for speeding up torque response and reducing the starting current of electric screw presses and its application to the J58K series of numerical control electric screw presses with a dual-motor drive. The DTC drive system encompasses speed control, torque reference control, and switching frequency control. Comparison of the DTC dual-AC induction motor drive with corresponding AC servo motor drive showed that for the J58K-315 electric screw press, the DTC drive system attains a higher maximum speed （786 r/min） within a shorter time （1.13 s） during a 250 nun stroke and undergoes smaller rise in temperature （42.0 ℃） in the motor after running for 2 h at a 12 min-1 strike frequency than the AC servo motor drive does （751 r/min within 1.19 s, and 50.6 ℃ rise）. Moreover, the DTC AC induction motor drive, with no need for a tachometer or position encoder to feed back the speed or position of the motor shaft, enjoys increased reliability in a strong-shock work environment.

ANFIS Based Space Vector Modulation-DTC for Switched Reluctance Motor Drive

Direct torque control (DTC) of Switched reluctance motor is known straightforward control structure with similar execution to that of field situated control strategies. In any case, the part of ideal determination of the voltage space vector is one of the weakest focuses in a routine DTC drive because of adjustable switching frequency and high torque ripple. In this paper, ideal choice of voltage space vectors is accomplished utilizing ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System) with space vector Modulation. SVM-DTC gives consistent switching frequency and the proposed ANFIS controller’s structure manages the torque and stator flux error signals through the fuzzy deduction to get a yield that takes the type of space voltage vector. Simulation results accept the proposed evolutionary system with quick torque and flux reaction with minimized torque ripple and flux ripple.

A Novel Multilevel Inverter Circuit for the Performance Enhancement of Direct Torque Controlled Induction Motor

Induction motor is the most sought after motor in the industry for excellent performance characteristics and robustness. Developments in the Power Electronic circuitry have revolutionised the induction motor industry leading to the developments in various control strategies and circuits for motor control. Direct Torque Control (DTC) is one of the excellent control strategies preferred by industries for controlling the torque and flux in an induction machine. The main drawback of DTC is the presence of torque ripple which is slightly more than the acceptable limit. There are various parameters that introduce ripples in the electromagnetic torque, one of them being the type of inverter circuit. There are various types of inverter circuits available and the effect of each of them in the production of torque ripple is different. This work is an attempt to identify the influence of various multilevel inverter circuits on the torque ripple level and to propose the best inverter circuit. The influence of multilevel diode clamped inverter and cascaded H bridge inverter circuits on torque ripple minimization, is analysed using simulation studies for identifying the most suitable multilevel inverter circuit which gives minimum torque ripple. The results obtained from the simulation studies are validated by hardware implementation on 0.75 kW induction motor.

A New Scheme to Direct Torque Control of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Drives for Constant Inverter Switching Frequency and Low Torque Ripple

DTC （direct torque control） can produce quick and robust response, but it has the problems of large torque ripples and inconstant inverter switching frequency. This paper introduces a modified direct torque control based on the SVM （space vector modulation） for IPMSM （interior permanent magnet synchronous motor） drive. Two PI （proportional-integral） controllers regulate the flux and torque, respectively, and the inverter is controlled by the SVM technique in the proposed DTC system. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed DTC system has been improved with respect to the conventional DTC. The DTC system can effectively reduce the flux and torque ripples.

新能源汽车的驱动电机系统研究和设计

通过改变新能源汽车的能源消耗方式,能提高节能减排工作效果,促进新能源开发利用工作顺利进行,保证社会经济实现可持续发展。科学技术的发展决定着新能源汽车的研发进程,驱动电机系统作为新能源汽车的关键点,涉及新能源汽车研发的核心技术,相关人员要注重新能源汽车的驱动电机系统研究和设计,提高设计的合理性。

结温导向的牵引变流器寿命优化控制

结温是影响绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)寿命的主要因素。为了提高地铁两电平牵引变流器寿命,提出一种降低结温的异步牵引电机双矢量模型预测转矩控制(DVMPTC)策略。将传统DVMPTC的第二个电压矢量选择范围缩小在与第一个电压矢量不切换或仅切换一次的范围,降低IGBT开关损耗的同时减小系统计算量;在代价函数中约束IGBT及其反并联二极管的损耗,动态加入损耗因子,并赋予权重系数,使得最优矢量的选择兼顾控制性能与降低损耗。通过仿真分析,本文所提方法相较于传统基于分段调制算法的直接转矩控制策略,降低了结温及其波动,提高了牵引变流器寿命。

晶闸管和IGBT混合的三相电机两相变频控制策略

现有三相交直交变频电路中大多使用IGBT作为电力电子器件,为了进一步降低低压大容量变频器设备成本,减少IGBT的使用,提出了一种晶闸管和IGBT混合的三相电机两相变频电路结构及四开关八电压矢量直接转矩控制策略.首先分析了利用IGBT辅助晶闸管关断的三相电机两相变频电路结构,并分析了不同开关状态下的瞬时电路工作原理,给出三相四开关拓扑下的八电压矢量生成方法;其次提出四开关八矢量异步电机直接转矩控制策略,并给出扇区划分、电压矢量选择和电压矢量伏秒生成原理;最后通过仿真实验验证所提策略的正确性和可行性.仿真结果验证了上述电路结构和控制方法的有效性.

基于自然容错开关表的五相永磁同步电机直接转矩控制

五相永磁同步电机(permanent-magnetsynchronous motor,PMSM)传统直接转矩控制(direct torque control,DTC)存在相电流畸变严重、共模电压(common-modevoltage,CMV)高、转矩和磁链脉动大等问题,且无法实现相开路故障情况下的无扰运行。为解决上述问题,提出一种基于自然容错开关表的DTC策略。该策略根据PMSM开路故障前后基电压矢量的特点以及三次平面合成电压矢量为零的原则,构建虚拟矢量(virtual vector,VV),设计故障前后同一套自然容错开关表,进而不但抑制了故障导致的转矩脉动,而且在故障前后均能降低三次谐波电流、减小转矩和磁链脉动、抑制CMV。实验结果验证所提策略的可行性。

高频链矩阵变换器直接功率反步控制策略

针对高频链矩阵变换器(HFLMC)电路前后级耦合导致系统动态性能和鲁棒性降低的问题,提出一种基于直接功率的非线性反步控制策略(BS-DPC)。首先,建立HFLMC非线性数学模型和有功、无功功率动态模型,分析双极性电流空间矢量调制策略;然后,在考虑系统不确定性情况下引入2个解耦控制分量,设计直流输出电流和无功功率反步控制器,实现电池不同工况下输出电流参考值的快速跟踪控制;最后,根据李雅普诺夫稳定性理论证明HFLMC闭环系统全局渐进稳定性,并对比传统PI直接功率控制和BS-DPC策略。仿真和实验结果表明,所提BS-DPC策略控制HFLMC提高了输出电流的动态性能和电网波动及直流滤波电感变化下的鲁棒性,响应时间减少了约78%,网侧THD降低了0.98%。

模块化多电平逆变电路的调制算法研究

针对永磁同步电机传统三电平逆变电路无法满足高压场景的问题,采用空间矢量脉宽调制算法对模块化多电平逆变电路进行调制分析,观察其输出电压波形。然后针对模块化多电平逆变电路各相之间容易出现环流现象,对电容电压平衡控制算法进行简化。在Matlab/Simulink中搭建模型仿真,观察和分析模块化多电平逆变电路的输出电压,实验结果验证了采用空间矢量脉宽调制算法对改善模块化多电平逆变电路的输出特性的有效性和简化后的电容电压平衡控制算法具有稳定性。

永磁同步电机矢量控制和直接转矩控制的对比研究

随着永磁材料的发现和现代电机控制技术的不断发展,三相永磁同步电机的控制方式逐渐演变为矢量控制和直接转矩控制两大流派,并各有千秋。矢量控制和直接转矩控制虽然在控制系统组成、控制过程、形式以及效果等方面存在差异,但是2种控制方式拥有相同的理论基础,控制本质是一致的。通过Matlab/Simulink软件仿真和转矩公式分析进行了验证。

无刷双馈风力发电机低电压穿越控制策略研究

针对无刷双馈风力发电系统,稳态时,采用基于空间矢量调制(Space Vector Modulation,SVM)的直接功率控制(Direct Power Control,DPC)技术。在电网电压对称跌落条件下,理论分析功率绕组磁链与控制绕组电压的关系,对于故障期间控制绕组会产生较大的过电流,严重时可能损害变流器功率器件的问题,在原有的控制方案中引入前馈控制。通过将可观测的功率绕组电流进行微分运算后得到反映控制绕组反电势的直接干扰量,将其经前馈控制器引入到控制电压的参考值端,形成一种基于前馈控制的SVM-DPC复合控制。仿真结果表明,基于功率绕组电流微分前馈控制的复合控制策略可以在一定程度上抑制控制绕组过电流,能为无刷双馈风力发电机实现低电压穿越提供参考。

基于离散空间矢量调制的永磁同步电机无参数预测电流控制

针对传统电流梯度更新的无参数预测电流控制(parameter-free predictive current control,PFPCC)存在电流梯度更新停滞及电流脉动大的问题,提出一种基于离散空间矢量调制(discrete space vector modulation,DSVM)的PFPCC优化方法。首先,通过分析不同电压矢量在α-β轴上的电流梯度关系,得到相邻两个控制周期内各电压矢量与电流梯度的数学关系;然后,在一个控制周期内更新所有电压矢量的电流梯度,有效减小了传统PFPCC中的停滞效应。为了进一步减小电流脉动,将DSVM引入到所提方法中。结合DSVM选矢量的方式,以较小计算量即可将所有的电流梯度更新,从而保证电流预测的可靠性和准确性。实验结果表明:所提PFPCC方法与基于模型的预测电流控制相比,具有类似的动静态性能。与单矢量PFPCC相比,DSVM-PFPCC方法在保证动静态性能的同时,能够显著减小电流脉动,提高在实际系统中的控制性能。

一种PMSM位置伺服系统的动态建模与控制

本文根据永磁同步电机(PMSM)的基本电磁关系及其动态数学模型建立了位置伺服控制模型,按照闭环负反馈控制原理,设计了具有电流、速度、位置三闭环的位置控制系统。首先,根据PMSM矢量控制的特性,利用3S/2S和2S/2R的坐标变换理论,建立了位置伺服系统在同步坐标系下的动态数学模型,同时给出了按照转子磁场定向的位置控制策略和算法;其次,研究了基于空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)的数字实现,并根据电机的数学模型,在MATLAB/Simulink环境中构建了三环模型,同时搭建了基于DSP实验样机。在仿真和实验中直轴、交轴以及速度和位置均采用PI控制,在控制参数的整定过程中,遵循先内环(电流环),后速度环,再位置环的增量调试原理,实现了同步电机的位置闭环控制;最后,对仿真结果和试验结果进行了对比分析,说明了模型的正确性和有效性。

基于dSPACE的新型双滑模PMSM控制方法

设计一种基于滑模理论的永磁同步电机控制系统,利用滑模控制器代替传统的PID控制器,用滑模观测器代替传统的位置传感器。滑模控制器中针对传统滑模控制的抖振问题,引入准滑模和趋近律的概念,设计一种新的滑模控制器。滑模观测器使用连续饱和函数代替传统的开关函数,有效地减少高频噪声信号,经李亚普诺夫稳定方程证明系统的稳定性。本设计方法充分发挥滑模控制的优势。通过d SPACE实验平台的验证和Control Desk环境的实时观测,证明所设计的新的滑模控制器在消除抖振和抗干扰方面明显优于传统的滑模控制器和PID控制器,滑模观测器能准确地观测位置信号,而且针对具有噪声干扰的场合,加入卡尔曼滤波器,有效地减少了干扰信号。

双三相永磁同步电机双平面SVPWM算法研究

提出一种双三相永磁同步电机(DT-PMSM)的双平面空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)算法,基于矢量空间解耦(VSD)模型,通过矢量合成的方法,分别在α-β和z_(1)-z_(2)平面构建虚拟矢量,构建的虚拟矢量在另外一个子平面的电压矢量幅值为零,从而实现对α-β和z_(1)-z_(2)子平面参考电压矢量的独立控制,即可实现DT-PMSM双平面四维电流矢量控制,对六相逆变器死区效应等非线性因素进行补偿,与常用单平面四矢量SVPWM实现的二维电流矢量控制方法相比,明显降低了谐波电流。实验结果验证了所提算法的有效性和可行性。

基于SVPWM补偿优化的三电平NPC并网逆变器容错控制

为保证并网系统中三电平中点箝位(neutral point clamped,NPC)型并网逆变器单相桥臂短路或断路故障后持续运行,提出一种基于空间矢量脉宽调制(space vector pulse width modulation,SVPWM)的优化补偿型低共模电压容错控制策略。首先,通过分析故障后八开关三相逆变器(eight switch three phase inverters,ESTPI)拓扑开关状态对应的共模电压大小,确定参考电压矢量合成规则;然后,通过一个基波周期内中点电流情况分析中点电位波动机理,进而对空间矢量合成进行调节补偿;最后,设计低通滤波器和滞环控制器进一步对补偿进行优化调整,保证并网电流质量的同时有效抑制了直流母线中点电位偏移。仿真结果表明,该容错控制策略能够实现三电平NPC并网逆变器单相桥臂故障后并网系统的稳定可靠运行,每个基波周期有三分之一时间的共模电压得到改善,优化补偿后的并网电流质量显著提高,且在并网电流突变时具备良好的控制特性。

基于SMC与SVPWM的永磁同步电机无速度传感器控制技术研究

针对传统永磁同步电机控制是利用速度传感器获取实时速度信息而导致系统复杂性与成本增加的问题,提出一种基于SMC与SVPWM的永磁同步电机无速度传感器控制技术。在对滑模控制与空间矢量脉冲宽度调制理论分析的基础上建立了电机无速度传感器控制模型,并在MATLAB/Simulink平台下搭建了仿真模型,对电机转速与负载变化下的速度与位置跟踪性能进行仿真,结果表明所提出的控制技术在两种工况下具有良好的性能。对降低系统成本与复杂性,使得永磁同步电机具有更广泛的用途提供了参考。