Impact of Reclamation in Coal Mining Subsidence Area on Urban Spatial Expansion of Huaibei City

Based on the GIS data platform,and taking the spatial analysis as the main means,this paper explored the impact of reclamation in coal mining subsidence area on urban spatial expansion of Huaibei City. The analysis took the time evolution of urban space development as the basis,took the sectors,circle rings and sub-district offices as the basic spatial units. From the aspects of urban expansion rate,expansion direction,function and construction intensity,it analyzed the impact of reclamation on the urban spatial expansion. In addition,it analyzed the correlation between the reclamation utilization of the subsidence area and the changes in spatial expansion. Finally,it summarized the characteristics of the impact.

Spatiotemporal Measurement of Regional Expansion in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Metropolitan Area Based on Nighttime Light Data

The research purpose is to accurately reveal the temporal and spatial law of the urban expansion of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan, one of the seven major urban agglomeration areas in China, and provide decision-making basis for the future urban construction land layout and regional development policy-making. Based on the night lighting data (DMSP/OLS), this paper extracts the boundary of the urban construction land of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration from 1993 to 2017, and quantitatively studies the spatial and temporal characteristics of the expansion of the metropolitan area in the past 25 years according to the methods of spatial expansion analysis, center of gravity migration measurement, landscape pattern index, spatial autocorrelation, etc. The results show that: 1) it is scientific and feasible to extract urban agglomeration construction land by the method of auxiliary data comparison for the study of urban expansion;2) the expansion of regional space in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan metropolitan area shows a trend of “weakening first and strengthening later”. The construction land keeps increasing, and the expansion form gradually changes from extensive type to intensive type;3) the center of gravity of the metropolitan area fluctuated and repeated in part during the past 25 years, but it was always located in the municipal district of Changsha city. The eastern region, mainly Changsha city, was still the core area of urban agglomeration expansion;4) strengthening the territorial space protection and control of ecological green core in the metropolitan area is a key measure for the high-quality development of urban agglomeration.

Quantitative Analysis of Spatial Vitality of Urban Built-up Area: A Case Study of Shenzhen

As an important goal of urban design research,the evaluation of urban spatial vitality has been widely concerned.Taking Shenzhen as an example,the urban built-up area of Shenzhen was identifi ed using improved DENsi-Graph analysis,from the perspective of quantifi cation of urban spatial morphological features.The accessibility of urban streets,degree of construction and architectural form,and degree of functional mixing were quantitatively analyzed through space syntax,space matrix and mixeduse index(MXI),and the spatial vitality of urban built-up area was evaluated.Research results demonstrated that the improved Densi-Graph analysis could better identify the built-up area of Shenzhen,and the overall classifi cation accuracy was 0.810.The analysis results of spatial vitality showed that the urban spatial vitality in Shenzhen urban built-up area was well created.The street accessibility of Shenzhen generally hindered the creation of urban vitality;the spatial matrix value in the north of Shenzhen urban built-up area was lower;and the MXI of most areas within the study area was above the medium.

Analyzing Urban Expansion and Spatial Growth Patterns in Barahathawa Municipality of Central Tarai Region, Nepal

The rapid transformation of rural settlements into municipalities in Ne­pal has brought significant changes in land use,and urban expansion and growth patterns mostly through the conversion of agricultural land into the built-up area.The issue is studied taking a case of the rapidly growing town,Barahathawa Municipality of Tarai Region of Sarlahi District.After the declaration of the municipality,several new roads have been opened and upgraded;and the municipality is well-connected to the national transportation network.After promulgated the Constitution of Nepal 2015 and functioning the elected local body,the municipality budget has been increased significantly as a result of increasing municipal investment in so­cio-economic and physical infrastructure development and environmental protection which has attracted people,goods,and services creating the zone of influence on the municipality.One of the changes found in the munici­pality is the increasing built-up area and expansion of urban growth through the decreasing agricultural land.Urban growth has been observed taking place around the Barahathawa Bazaar and main roadsides.The built-up area in Barahathawa municipality has remarkably increased by 183percent with the decrease of shrub and agricultural land within 10 years.Implica­tions of such spatial and temporal dynamics have been a core issue of urban planning in most of the newly declared municipalities in Nepal.

Urban Expansion in China Based on Remote Sensing Technology：A Review

Urban areas and its evolution are important anthropogenic indicators and human ecological footprints, and play decisive roles in environmental change analysis, global geo-conditional monitoring, and sustainable development. China has the highest rate of urban expansion and has emerged as an urban expansion hotspot worldwide. In this paper, the progress of studies on Chinese urban expansion based on remote sensing technology are summarized and analyzed from the aspects of urban area definition, remotely sensed imagery applied in urban expansion, monitoring methods of urban expansion, and urban expansion applications. Existing issues and future directions of Chinese urban expansion are discussed and proposed. Results indicate that: 1) The fusion of multi-source remotely sensed imagery is imperative to meet the needs of urban expansion with various monitoring terms and frequencies on different scales and dimensions. 2) To guarantee the classification accuracy and efficiency and describe urban expansion and its influences on local land use simultaneously, the combination of visual interpretation and automatic classification is the tendency of future monitoring methods of urban areas. 3) Urban expansion data have become the prerequisite for recognizing the urban development process, excavating its driving forces, simulating and predicting the future development directions, and also is conducive to revealing and explaining urban ecological and environmental issues. 4) In the past decades, Chinese scholars have promoted the application of remote sensing technology in the urban expansion field, with data construction, methods and models developing from the quotation stage to improvement and innovation stage; however, an independent and consistent urban expansion data on the national scale with long-term and high-frequency(such as annual monitoring) monitoring is still lacking.

西安都市圈城市扩张时空演变及其影响因素研究

我国城市化快速发展的背景下,城市用地受到多种因素的影响,在时间和空间上都呈现出不同的演化特征。本文以西安都市圈为例,构建土地利用转移矩阵,对西安都市圈2000年、2010年和2020年的城市扩张进行研究,刻画西安都市圈城市扩张时序与空间的演变特征。在此基础上,采用地理探测器,对西安都市圈城市空间格局演化的影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明:(1)西安都市圈核心区城市建成区在30年间,一直处于加速拓展趋势,在2010年之后,拓展速度不断加快;而拓展强度却先降后升,1990—2000年期间,拓展强度超过100%,此时是加速拓展时期,由于城市建成区面积在前期已经达到较大基数,城市扩展速度在2000年之后逐渐回落,2010—2020年期间拓展强度缓慢提升。(2)西安都市圈核心区的空间扩展有明显的阶段性特征:跳跃扩展阶段(2001—2005年)、圈层填充阶段(2006—2010年)、全面拓展阶段(2011—2015年)、向西跨越阶段(2016—2020年)。(3)地理探测器单因子探测分析结果显示,地方财政一般预算收入与城乡居民收入差距指数对城乡工矿建设用地占比的交互解释度最大,为0.677;地方财政一般预算收入与其他因子的交互解释度最大,均大于0.45;农林牧渔业总产值次之,均大于0.35。城乡工矿建设用地占比主要受到地方财政一般预算收入、农林牧渔业总产值与其他因子共同推动。本文为研究西安都市圈城市空间格局的演变过程,揭示城市土地利用空间格局的影响机制提供理论依据。

南阳市建成区扩张的时空特征及影响因素分析

选取2000年、2010年Landat5和2020年Landsat8遥感影像,进行土地监督分类并计算建成区面积,对2000—2020年南阳市建成区扩张的时空特征进行探析。得到南阳市建成区扩张速度和扩展强度两个维度的时空特征,分析了影响南阳市建成区扩张时空特征的因素,包括政策因素、地形地势的影响、经济因素、交通等基础设施的建设等。

安溪县国土空间总体规划中心城区空间发展的研究

城市空间结构是城市历史发展的产物,有助于了解城市的特征和功能组织方式。为了探索山地型城市独特的空间发展模式,研究以泉州市安溪县为例,通过分析安溪县中心城区的空间要素和空间拓展动力机制,明确中心城区的空间拓展模式和发展策略,在国土空间规划体系的新要求下,为同类型市县中心城区的空间发展提供新的思路。

基于夜光遥感的合肥市建成区扩张研究

以我国经济快速发展新兴城市合肥市为例,基于夜间灯光数据,从城市化水平、扩张能力和时空转移特征3个方面分析合肥市2005—2020年间建成区的时空演变,并对影响因素进行探讨。结果表明,采用夜间灯光数据提取的合肥市建成区范围平均相对误差为2.41%,建成区总体呈现以南、北向为主导的环状扩展状态。复合灯光指数能有效表征合肥市建成区城市化发展水平,在此期间,城市化水平增幅超两倍。建成区重心经过“西南—东南—西南”的转移过程整体向南偏移,人口紧凑度呈现先内部聚集后外部扩散再重新聚集的“震荡”特征,总体趋于紧凑发展的态势。建成区时空演变主要受社会经济因素驱动影响,同时也受到交通与人口因素的正向驱动。

Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Surface Water in China from the 1980s to 2015 Based on Remote Sensing Monitoring

Climate change and human interference play significant roles on dynamic of water body abundance,and drive related hydrological,biochemical and social/economic processes.Documenting and monitoring surface water area with high resolution multi-temporal satellite imagery provide new perspective to evaluate the dynamics of surface water area,especially in continental and global scale.In this study,based on the Landsat images from 1980 s to 2015,we surveyed the spatial and temporal variation of surface water area,including rivers,lakes and reservoirs,in 10-yr temporal slice across China.Furthermore,the driving forces of the variation has been identified to reveal the interaction of water bodies and the changing environment.The results show that,the water surface area expanded over all three decades with strong spatial and temporal difference,despite the drier and warmer climate background;although lakes comprise the largest portion of the surface water area,the highest contributor of surface water expansion was new constructed reservoir located in the densely populated region;climatic parameters alteration,like precipitation and temperature,resulted in the water surface expansion in the northwestern basin by growing water input linked with rain and glacier melting;in the rest part of China,rise of water surface area was predominately attributed to human relocation of water resource,which yielded more new water storage area than the disappeared water body caused by less precipitation and stronger evapotranspiration.The conclusions highlight the integrative water resource management,especially in water conservation and restoration.

粤港澳大湾区城乡建设空间扩张与自然灾害相互影响

当前,极端天气事件的频繁发生与城乡建设的快速扩张导致人地灾矛盾加剧。因此,研究城乡建设空间与自然灾害之间的关系尤显重要。以粤港澳大湾区范围内的城乡建设空间及自然灾害为研究对象,通过比较研究法、综合归纳法等方法,探究粤港澳大湾区城乡建设空间扩张与自然灾害的相互影响。研究表明:城乡建设空间扩张与自然灾害关系密切,且是双向影响关系;城乡建设空间扩张与灾害演变相关性大小存在区域差异,灾害易发区与城市建设密集区的重合,两者关系更为密切;地质灾害、暴雨洪涝灾害的演变与城乡建设空间扩张相互影响程度大;城乡建设空间扩张加剧灾害发生的可能性和危险性;自然灾害的存在限制了城乡建设空间扩张的发展方向,增大了城市开发的成本,易发生灾害的区域需要避免进行高强度建设和重要设施布局。

基于夜间灯光数据的关中平原城市群建成区时空格局演变

基于DMSP/OLS和BDRVIIRS夜间灯光数据,采用统计数据比较法提取了关中平原城市群2002—2020年建成区的空间信息,运用城市规模扩张指数、重心偏移模型、景观格局指数和空间自相关法,对城市群建成区的时空演变特征进行了量化分析。结果表明:(1)2002—2020年关中平原城市群城市建成区围绕原中心城区,呈现出不规则扩展趋势,建成区的图斑数量不断增加;建成区扩张总体上呈现不断增长的趋势,变化特征存在年际差异,扩展过程呈现出“缓慢增长—持续加速—趋缓”的特征;(2)城市群建成区的重心轨迹基本上呈东北—西南的发展态势,重心移动距离呈现先增长后缩短的趋势,西安市主导城市群快速发展,城市群西部城市扩张明显;(3)城市群建成区进入“数量增长”和“规模增长”并行的扩张阶段,城市群内部扩张以极化蔓延为主,核心城市西安的首位特征较为明显,辐射带动作用有一定的增强;(4)城市群建成区空间分布的集聚特征愈加明显,区域内城市规模差异有一定的缩小。城市群各县区发展差异显著,城市群一体化发展的程度仍较低。

人口流动视域下地方政府债务扩张与区域经济发展

党的二十大报告明确指出要“深入实施区域协调发展战略,完善财政转移支付体系,守住不发生系统性风险底线”。2008年金融危机后,地方政府债务规模快速扩张,这成为推动地方建设发展的重要力量,然而“举债发展”能否促进经济长期健康发展与社会福利水平提升存在着较大争议。特别是人口流出地区的债务扩张究竟是发挥后发优势实现跨越发展的另辟蹊径,还是不顾自身比较优势和发展基础的竭泽而渔?笔者基于空间政治经济学的分析框架,从生产、消费、成本三个维度将人口流动、地方政府债务扩张、区域经济发展纳入统一分析框架,探讨人口流动视域下地方政府债务扩张与经济发展的运行逻辑、传导机制。再将新口径的城投债基础数据库与手工整理核对的人口流动数据、城市宏观数据相匹配,建立面板数据模型对人口流动、地方政府债务扩张与区域经济发展的影响关系展开实证检验。研究发现:第一,人口流出地的地方政府债务扩张对人均GDP增长起到显著负向作用,随着人口流出规模的扩大这一抑制作用不断增强。第二,人口流入地的地方政府债务扩张对GDP增长起到显著正向作用,随着人口流入规模的扩大这一推动作用不断增强。第三,由东中部地区调任至西部地区的官员会进一步扩大人口流出地的地方政府债务扩张对人均GDP增长的抑制作用。

基于夜间灯光数据的北部湾城市群空间扩张及驱动力研究

针对以往研究城市问题在数据真实性和空间属性上存在不足、研究内容多探索其表面特征和时空变化过程、研究方法和因子选择具有一定的局限性等弊端,本研究以北部湾城市群为例,利用夜间灯光数据提取城市建成区面积,从城市建成区面积年扩张速度、年扩张动态度、年扩张强度、扩张协调性,分析2006~2020年城市空间扩张特征;利用灰色关联模型分析城市建成区面积与八个社会经济因子之间的关系,探究引起城市扩张的驱动力。研究结果表明:①利用夜间灯光数据提取城市建成区面积能够弥补传统数据的不足,准确地得到空间扩张水平估计;②大部分城市扩张与人口增长协调不佳,省会城市南宁市、海口市始终是北部湾城市群空间扩张的中心;③城市扩张与八个社会经济因子联系紧密,人口密度是促进北部湾城市群空间扩张的最主要因素。

2005-2020年南沙新区建设用地时空演变及结构分析

南沙新区是国家级新区,承担着重要的经济发展任务,开展新区建设用地时空分布特征分析,对全面掌握新区建设用地信息、制定科学规划战略等有着重要作用。本文基于高分辨率遥感影像,结合POI等专题数据,获取2005—2020年连续年份的建设用地数据,利用建设用地扩展指数与空间分析方法,揭示了研究区建设用地的时空变化特征及新增建设用地亚类变化情况。结果显示:1)研究区建设用地规模呈上升趋势,受政策利好影响,部分年份增速加快,尤其2019年后,新增建设用地面积、扩展强度和扩展速度明显加快;2)重心轨迹为“‘东南—西北’”点向东南方向移动,空间分布呈“分散—聚拢—分散—聚拢”的波动发展趋势。3)扩展模式以外延式为主,填充式比重逐渐增加。4)新增建设用地的类型结构中,以交通设施用地和住宅用地为主,占总新增面积的59%,工矿用地在个别年份有突出增长,商业设施用地和公共设施用地在2020年明显快速新增。

基于夜间灯光数据的城市建成区动态演变研究——以滇中城市群为例

探究滇中城市群合理的空间结构,有利于城市群促进区域高质量协同发展。本文以滇中城市群为研究对象,基于2008年~2018年的夜间灯光数据,运用阈值二分法提取建成区范围,对滇中城市群的扩张演变、扩张态势和景观指数进行分析。结果表明:1.滇中城市群的扩张模式主要以面状扩张为主,局部呈现线性和点状的扩张模式;2.昆明市有较大吸引力,辐射带动周边城市能力较强,各城市重心均有向北侧和东侧迁移趋势;3.城市群以2014年为转折点进入快速扩张阶段;4.景观指数分析表明滇中城市群的空间格局在扩张过程中呈现由破碎化转向集约化的发展趋势,城市建设以“内部填充式”为主。

长沙市区建设用地扩张的时空特征

以不同时段的遥感影像资料为数据源，借助GIS技术对空间数据的统计及分析功能，提取出6个时期长沙市建成区变化的相关数据信息。在此基础上，利用扩张速度、扩张弹性、分维数、玫瑰图等方法分析长沙市区1986-2004年建设用地扩张的时空特征。结果表明，近20年来，长沙城市建设用地扩张了将近1倍，尤其是2002-2004年，建设用地扩张趋势最为明显。现阶段城市的扩张主要表现为低密度填充式的蔓延，城区扩张方向的主要方位是NW270°～295°和SE165°～180°。建设用地扩张的驱动因素除经济发展及人口增长因素之外，政策也是重要的影响因素，尤其是近年来政策因素的作用更为突出。未来长沙城市的空间发展将是多中心组团式的扩张，城市扩张方向日趋合理化。

开发区与我国城市空间结构演进及其动力机制

开发区是近 2 0年来我国经济发展的重要空间载体。经济活动在开发区的集聚 ,对所在地区的空间结构产生了深刻的影响。结合对开发区的实地调研 ,提出我国开发区与城市空间结构演进的基本类型可分为双核结构、连片带状结构、多极触角结构等。并指出开发区与城市空间结构的演进主要是由跨国公司主导的外部作用力。

北京山区建设用地扩展空间分异分析

根据目前描述建设用地扩展空间分异所用各种指数，结合山区扩展实际情况，提出了扩展程度指数的概念。并基于土地利用详查和变更数据，测算了1993～1996，1996～1999，1999-2002三个不同阶段山区建设用地的扩展变化率、扩展强度和扩展程度等指数，分析了北京山区不同类型建设用地的扩展特征及其空间差异。结果表明：20世纪90年代以来，北京山区的建设用地发生了剧烈变化，建设用地扩展程度逐年增强，郊区城市化正向远郊区扩散。山区尚处于城市化的初级阶段，建设用地扩展存在不规则性，区域差异明显。扩展变化率、扩展强度和扩展程度等指数的结合使用更全面准确地描述了山区建设用地扩展及其空间分异状况。

长株潭地区建设用地扩张遥感时空特征分析

利用遥感、GIS一体化技术,获取长沙、株洲、湘潭3市（长株潭地区）2000年、2005年和2010年3期陆地卫星图像,提取建设用地扩张及其空间分布信息。运用扩张速度指数和强度指数分别对2000—2010年间10 a变化以及2005年为界的前后两个5 a区域建设用地时序特征进行分析;利用优势度指数分析了区域建设用地扩张的空间趋向性。结果表明：长株潭地区建设用地在不同时期都处于增长的趋势,其中前5 a建设用地扩张速度和强度都要明显高于后5 a。2000—2010年间建设用地面积增加约3.94万hm2,前后2个时期的扩张面积分别占增加总量的57.30%和42.70%。对长株潭地区建设用地扩张进行时空特征分析,认为建设用地扩张引起区域内耕地和林地在数量和空间格局上的变化,城区周围9-12 km范围内耕地极易转入建设用地;2个时期河流附近耕地流入建设用地随距离变化而呈现不同特征;前5 a城区周围林地转入建设用地强度大,距离交通用地3 km附近的林地易转入建设用地。