Characteristics and Driving Forces of Spatial Expansion of Oasis Cities and Towns in Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province, China

This paper presents an integrated study of urban spatial expansion in the Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province, China based on TM, ETM remote sensing data in 1987, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2006 and 2011. The study explores the characteristics of urban spatial expansion and dynamic mechanism by using expansion speed index, expansion intensity index, compact index, fractal dimension, and extended flexibility index. We built the index system of influencing factors of urban spatial expansion by using the grey incidence model. The results showed that urban spatial expansion rate in the Hexi Corridor has been on the upward trend since 1987. Expansion intensity showed an obvious upward trend, however, the upward trend varied in different urban areas. In addition, the urban structure was loose relatively, but the urban compactness was more obvious. The urban spatial form tended to be simple, and the urban land use tended to become more intensive. Urban spatial expansion experienced several stages: padding internally, external expansion and padding internally. The main driving factors of urban spatial expansion are not the urban water resources and the oasis scale, but one or several factors such as economy, traffic, population, resource and national policy.

Expansion Strategy of Agricultural Industrial Chain of Suburban Villages and Towns in the Process of Urbanization——A Case Study of Yongle Town in Nanming District of Guiyang City

On the basis of introducing the connotation of agricultural industrial chain, taking Yongle Town in Nanming District of Guiyang City as an example, this paper analyzes the advantages and constraint factors of the suburban villages and towns in the process of expanding agricultural industrial chain in the context of urbanization. Corresponding strategies of expanding the agricultural industrial chain of Yongle Town in the process of urbanization as follows: vigorously develop the leading enterprises; strengthen the construction of farmers' specialized cooperatives and agricultural associations; build and perfect agricultural industrial chain organizations; set up the public information platform; rely on the food industrial park to propel the deep processing of agricultural products; vigorously develop the logistics of agricultural products; promote the development of operation model of "brand+ standard+ scale"; vigorously develop ecology-oriented rural tourism; give full play to the functional role of the government.

Spatial location differentiation and development decision optimization of characteristic villages and towns in China

Due to rapid urbanization and industrialization,the gap between urban and rural development has gradually increased.Rural development problems have been a significant topic of discussion,and are related to people’s livelihoods.This article built a point-axis-region location driving system to analyze the spatial location differentiation of characteristic villages and towns(CVTS)using the kernel density model,and explored the mechanism of location driving factors with a geographical detector model.The results show that vegetables and fruits are the main types of products in CVTS.They account for 27.60%and 34.68%of all types of products,and occur mainly in the east and central regions of China.Moreover,all point-axis-region driving factors have a significant influence on grain crops.The mean values of driving forces of vegetables and fruits are larger than other types of CVTS,and their values are 0.12 and 0.11.The average driving forces on all CVTS in the northeast are higher than those in other regions,especially the driving forces of vegetables and medicinal crops(0.24 and 0.18,respectively).Finally,we proposed that the Chinese government should employ engineering technology,invest on road networks,e-commerce and blockchain technology to optimize the point-axis-region location advantages,to promote the sustainable development of CVTS.The detection of driving mechanisms on spatial location differentiation of CVTS has important research value for location theory and rural region systems research.

Characteristic Analysis of the Village and Town Structure——A Case of Jinhu County in Jiangsu Province,China

This thesis gives overview of the connotation of rural spatial structure,indicating 4 kinds of elements,namely nodus,passage,region and flow.Their spatial arrangement and interaction lead to the corresponding rural spatial structure.This thesis also offers panorama of the related theoretical progress of intra-county and rural areas,indicating that the research theories of regional spatial structure at present,mainly focus on macroscopic region or urban space,but there is shortage of researches on county spatial structure,especially microscopic rural spatial structure.On such basis,4 kinds of theoretical models and characteristics of regional spatial structure have been introduced.We build analysis index system of rural structural elements on the basis of 4 elements,and conduct rural spatial structural analysis,taking Jinhu County as an example.The result shows that rural spatial structure in Jinhu County is still at stage of nucleus-cluster development and rural system is not so sound.In addition,the passage network system of infrastructure has not taken shape,and county economy presents diseconomy of scale.The spatial interaction and association among towns in Jinhu County are weak.The characteristic analysis model of spatial structure in this research can objectively reflect regional characteristic of spatial structure.

Urban Spatial Expansion Characteristics in China’s Rapid Urbanization Region—A Case Study of SXC Region

Urban spatial expansion characteristics are the responses of urbanization acts on the geographical space. Analyzing the characteristics can reveal the process of urban expansion and mechanism which is one of useful methods to find out the sustainable land use strategy balancing development and protection. In this paper, two main methods have been deployed in analyzing the spatial expansion characteristics of rapid urbanization region. One is the expansion index method and the other is fractal dimension method. And the results show that town-level urban sprawl has increased in a non-linear way since 1985, and even the increments of the urban expansion intensity are fluctuated. Morphology transformation from scatter to concentration is common phenomenon in the process of urbanization in the towns. From the morphology point of view, downtowns are more homogenous than towns with less variation. The concentration is the leading development trend in downtowns. And the more distance from the downtown is, the more spatial pattern morphology will be observed. These characteristics indicate that macro-scale policies of economic development and land use management have great impacts on the formation and characteristics of spatial patterns of urban dynamic patterns.

我国地质文化村(镇)空间分布特征及影响因素研究

地质文化村(镇)是地质文化科普的重要窗口,也是所在区域经济社会发展的重要依托,对其空间分布特征及影响因素的研究对我国地质文化村(镇)的进一步评定和可持续发展具有重要意义。运用最邻近指数、不平衡指数、核密度分析和地理探测器方法,对我国50个地质文化村(镇)的空间分布特征及其影响因素进行研究,研究表明:(1)地质文化村(镇)的空间分布类型为随机分布型;(2)各省(市、区)地质文化村(镇)数量差异明显,空间分布不均衡,呈“东多西少”格局;(3)地质文化村(镇)形成1个高密度核心区、2个次高密度集聚区、1条核心延长带;(4)影响我国地质文化村(镇)空间分布格局的因素由特色地质资源、自然条件以及社会经济与人文资源3个一级指标构成,其中社会经济与人文资源对地质文化村(镇)空间分布影响最大且效果显著。在今后地质文化村(镇)的评定建设中,应加强中西部地区地质文化村(镇)的建设和申报;适当给予中西部地区地质文化村(镇)评定倾斜;加大地质文化村(镇)宣传力度;充分发掘地质特色及民俗文化,加强地质文化村(镇)与文化的融合。

基于GIS的景村协同特征与机制研究——以河南省为例

本研究以河南省为研究案例区,运用空间数量关系和空间质量关系模型定量分析A级景区与特色村镇空间关系,并基于交通通达度、运用核密度分析、缓冲区分析等方法,对河南省A级景区与特色村镇协同发展特征与机制进行探讨.主要结论如下:在数量关系上,河南省特色村镇与A级景区之间的数量空间关系整体较为显著;在质量空间关系上,特色村镇与A级景区质量空间协调度处于基本协调水平,二者质量空间耦合关系处于良好耦合协调发展水平;在协同发展关系上,交通通达度、旅游经济、河流等对特色村镇与A级景区协同发展具有重要的正向影响.

草原丝路沿线历史村镇空间特征及演进规律

文章聚焦草原丝绸之路,以张库商道内蒙古段沿线1133个历史村镇为研究对象,探究历史村镇时空分布集聚性与自然环境、古道的耦合关系;总结出军防影响型、寺庙影响型、商贸影响型3类历史村镇的形态、功能特征,并通过区域系统理论分析历史村镇演进的内在驱动因素与外在影响因素,进而得出其演进规律。文章在理论上构建了草原丝路沿线历史村镇的研究框架,为后续沿线历史村镇遗产保护提供基础,为一带一路战略下沿线历史村镇人居环境可持续发展提供理论依据。

村庄空间形态结构与地震及次生地质灾害影响因子的关联性研究——以鲁甸县龙头山镇为例

为促进村庄更好选址布局与建设,该文运用GIS技术、分形几何学、空间句法等方法,研究了鲁甸县龙头山镇村庄空间形态结构与地震及次生地质灾害影响因子的关联性。结果表明:①村庄所处岩层越硬越厚、地势越平坦、距公路越近、距最近居民点越远的区域,村庄建设受限越小村庄形态越复杂。②村庄所处距震中越近、岩层越软越薄、地势越陡峭崎岖、受邻村居民影响越大的区域,村庄紧凑度越高。③村庄建筑长轴方向平行于地震断裂带的数量相对较多,人们利用建筑刚度较大的长轴方向来应对地震产生的较大能量,从而减轻建筑受损程度。④村庄距最近一次地震震中越近、岩层越软越薄、地势越陡峭崎岖、距公路越近,其地质灾害隐患点越多,村庄道路越曲折越复杂。

国土空间规划体系下特色村镇空间基因保护传承研究——以桂林市旧县村为例

空间基因理论是解决特色村镇在空间发展与文化传承问题上的重要框架体系,但目前研究聚焦于空间基因的识别提取与传承应用方法,如何将空间基因融入到现有空间规划体系的研究有所缺乏。本文梳理出国土空间规划体系下的保护传承体系,并在现有研究基础上,提出空间基因的识别提取是前提、空间基因传承可行性分析是关键、空间基因保护传承规划体系构建是核心的研究思路。最后以广西壮族自治区桂林市阳朔县白沙镇旧县村为研究案例,按照上述要点对旧县村空间基因识别提取,并结合旧县村相关规划,对其空间基因保护传承规划进行研究。

基于数字化方法的滇西镇村聚落体系空间特征及类型研究——以大理云龙县为例

镇村聚落体系是指一定地域范围内由集镇和乡村共同组成的有机联系整体,具有协同效应和自组织性,其总体空间格局和细部形态特征受到地理、交通、经济、社会等多方面因素的影响。云南省大理白族自治州云龙县地处滇西少数民族山区,独特的地理及人文环境造就了多样的镇村聚落空间,对其镇村聚落体系空间特征进行研究能够丰富对山区镇村聚落体系空间的理论认知,为山区镇村体系规划提供实践基础。本文基于2020《云龙年鉴》及影像数据,运用数字化方法,从多维度、多尺度对其镇村聚落体系空间格局及形态特征进行了研究,通过耦合多元特征以乡镇为单元进行了类型划分,并分类探讨了空间优化对策。

From Tree Structure to Interactive Network:A Preliminary Study on Transit-Oriented Spatial Development Patterns of Village-Town Communities

Based on the relatively developed highway and road network in China's eastern coastal provinces, the public transit-oriented development model(TOD) for village-town communities aims to create a network connecting the urban and rural public transportation system and the public service system, by selectively constructing "urban-type" communities with bus stops, thus promoting the mobility of urban and rural factors and to optimize the public service system, so as to change the traditional top-down development mode with tree structure. Through the planning practice in Linyi County, Dezhou City, it is found that a TOD-based spatial development mode in village-town communities can provide references for new countryside planning and construction in China in terms of upgrading the urban-rural functional structure, satisfying local demands, optimizing local government decisions, improving the planning mode, etc.

“一村一品”示范村镇时空分布及影响因素研究

“一村一品”示范村镇是乡村产业振兴的重要发展模式。以第1~11批3780个全国“一村一品”示范村镇为研究对象,综合运用核密度分析、平均最近邻算法、标准差椭圆、分位数回归等方法分析其时空演变特征和影响因素。结果表明:“一村一品”示范村镇空间分布不均衡,多集中于京津冀-鲁西南、四川盆地、长三角与珠三角等经济相对发达的地区,反映了不同地区乡村产业振兴水平存在较大差异。示范村镇产业结构不尽相同,主要以初级产品和第一产业为主,休闲农业、农村服务业等二三产业所占比例过小。自然与人文条件及社会经济因素综合影响示范村镇的形成与分布,地方财政支出、路网密度、人均地区生产总值、农林牧渔业总产值、人均可支配收入等社会经济类指标与示范村镇数量存在正相关关系。据此提出加大财政转移支付力度、重视城乡产业协同发展、促进高端农业品牌打造等建议。

基于空间基因的中国特色村镇空间基因传承与规划设计导控体系初探——以鲁南尼山丘陵西南麓地区为例

本文针对村镇特色彰显不足的问题,在段进等提出的乡村地区治理的标准体系应采取“总体框架+分地区指引”的开放框架这一构想的基础上,提出构建全国特色村镇空间基因传承与规划设计导控体系的技术成果框架和空间总体框架。并以特色村镇地区为重点,从地景、聚落、建筑三个空间层级解析地区特色的空间要素组合规则及其形成机制,提出空间基因传承与规划导控要求。最后以鲁南尼山丘陵区西南麓特色村镇地区为例,针对地区层级的导控内容进行详细介绍。

西南县域村镇体系结构的网络化趋势研究——以重庆市长寿区为例

探究村镇体系结构的网络化趋势对于城乡村镇空间结构的优化具有重要意义。文章以城乡要素流动显著的重庆市长寿区为例,运用复杂网络分析法,构建1985年和2018年基于企业网络、用地权重和公路网络的村镇体系结构网络模型,通过计算网络外部指数等指标,研究村镇体系结构的网络化趋势特征。研究发现,村镇体系结构的整体演化特征呈网络化趋势,且组团演化特征由“核心—边缘”向扁平化转变,节点演化特征反映出多中心化的趋势。基于此,文章提炼村镇体系结构网络化趋势由单中心、等级化、破碎化,向网络化、多中心、扁平化转变,并提出结构优化、空间结构趋势预判和政策支撑策略。本研究可为西南县域村镇体系结构的研究提供思路借鉴。

黄河中下游地区种植型专业村镇空间格局与扩散机制

运用最近邻指数、核密度估计等方法测度位于黄河中下游的河南和山东两省364个种植型专业村镇集聚程度,使用SVDR模型与引力模型评价和构建种植型专业村镇的适宜分区和扩散网络框架。结果表明:(1)两省种植型专业村镇数量具有一定的差异,整体上呈“鲁多豫少”的分布特征。此外,种植型专业村多分布在河南省,而种植型专业镇多位于山东省。(2)提取出潜在廊道14条,其中包括7条重要扩散廊道、7条一般扩散廊道、9个重要战略点、4个一般战略点。结合“一级潜力区、扩散廊道、战略点”的空间分布特点,提出“一核一带两圈”种植型专业村镇扩散网络发展模式,以提高区域之间的关联性和协同作用,为乡村振兴的稳步推进和黄河中下游农区的高质量发展提供参考。

镇(街)空间绩效与镇村人口规模结构的关联效应研究——基于广州市增城区4个镇(街)面板数据的实证分析

城镇化的快速推进,导致镇村人口规模结构发生剧烈变化,并影响着镇(街)空间绩效。乡村振兴战略实施背景下,镇(街)空间绩效作为镇村发展质量的重要考量,理清人口规模结构与其关联效应,有助于探寻镇(街)空间绩效提升的指引方法。为此,本文利用2015—2020年广州市增城区四个代表镇(街)的面板数据,通过面板数据回归模型定量分析人口规模结构对经济、环境和社会三个维度空间绩效的影响,揭示其关联效应。研究指出,面板数据回归模型能客观分析镇(街)空间绩效与镇村人口规模结构一般性的关联效应,并为制定不同维度绩效的提升策略提供依据;在镇(街)层面,城镇化率、人口密度和首位度对经济绩效具有显著正向效应,城镇化率对环境绩效具有不显著负向效应,人口密度对社会绩效具有显著正向效应;此外,增大城镇人口规模和强化单中心结构能减少劳动生产成本和社会资源浪费,有助于进一步提升镇(街)空间绩效。

湖区平原县域村镇空间扩展适宜性评价及功能分区分析——基于益阳市南县“三大空间”的视角

为更好地助力乡村振兴,促进村镇建设用地合理开发利用并优化国土空间,以湖南省益阳市南县为例,从生态功能、农业生产和村镇扩展三大空间构建指标体系,采用层次分析法和多因子加权评价模型进行县域村镇空间扩展适宜性评价。结果表明:南县村镇空间扩展适宜性的空间差异明显,等级不同,空间集散特征的差异也大为不同;村镇空间扩展不适宜区、较不适宜区、基本适宜区、较适宜区和最适宜区的面积分别145.64km^(2)、404.26km^(2)、465.35km^(2)、269.15km^(2)和36.6km^(2);各乡镇的空间扩展适宜性差异十分显著。根据村镇空间功能性分区的三维魔方模型得出:农业生产功能主导区包括明山头、青树嘴、茅草街、武圣宫、麻河口和乌嘴6个乡(镇),村镇扩展功能主导区包括南洲、华阁和浪拔湖3个镇,生态空间功能主导区包括三仙湖、厂窖和中鱼口3个镇。

湖北省历史文化景观区的空间分布特征研究

运用核密度分析法、地理集中指数、最近邻指数等方法,以湖北省86个历史文化名镇名村街区为载体研究湖北省历史文化景观区的空间分布特征,结果显示:湖北省历史文化景观区在各地市的数量分布不均,整体表现为“南多北少,东多西少”,其中黄石市的数量最多;不同类型的历史文化景观区均呈现出“大聚集,小分散”的特点;空间集聚特征显著,在鄂东南、鄂中、鄂西南区域呈团状聚集,鄂北走廊和鄂南走廊区域呈带状聚集,总体表现为“三簇两廊”的空间集聚特征;历史文化景观区的分布与高程、坡度、河流、历史古道和时空变化具有较强的相关性。

基于数据量化分析的喜洲古镇保护与优化策略研究

古城镇是民族文化发展的重要载体,目前已有大量论述,但利用数据分析村落改造设计的研究还较少。该文以大理喜洲古镇为例,运用空间句法理论对喜洲的轴线模型及视域模型进行量化分析。结果表明:(1)喜洲古镇全局整合度较低,主要是因为古镇中独立空间多,导致可达性不佳;(2)古镇内断头路较多,协同度有待提高;(3)视域分析反映了古镇内部道路聚集系数低,应优化控制值低的位置。最后结合研究结果与对应的POI商业网点布局进行耦合分析,对喜洲古镇提出优化策略,可为其他古镇的保护和发展提出参考。