With the increasing effects of global climate change and fishing activities,the spatial distribution of the neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii) is changing in the traditional fishing ground of 150°-160°...With the increasing effects of global climate change and fishing activities,the spatial distribution of the neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii) is changing in the traditional fishing ground of 150°-160°E and 38°-45°N in the northwest Pacific Ocean.This research aims to identify the spatial hot and cold spots(i.e.spatial clusters) of O.bartramii to reveal its spatial structure using commercial fishery data from2007 to 2010 collected by Chinese mainland squid-j igging fleets.A relatively strongly-clustered distribution for O.bartramii was observed using an exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA) method.The results show two hot spots and one cold spot in 2007 while only one hot and one cold spots were identified each year from2008 to 2010.The hot and cold spots in 2007 occupied 8.2%and 5.6%of the study area,respectively;these percentages for hot and cold spot areas were 5.8%and 3.1%in 2008,10.2%and 2.9%in 2009,and 16.4%and 11.9%in 2010,respectively.Nearly half(>45%) of the squid from 2007 to 2009 reported by Chinese fleets were caught in hot spot areas while this percentage reached its peak at 68.8%in 2010,indicating that the hot spot areas are central fishing grounds.A further change analysis shows the area centered at156°E/43.5°N was persistent as a hot spot over the whole period from 2007 to 2010.Furthermore,the hot spots were mainly identified in areas with sea surface temperature(SST) in the range of 15-20℃ around warm Kuroshio Currents as well as with the chlorophyll-a(chl-a) concentration above 0.3 mg/m^3.The outcome of this research improves our understanding of spatiotemporal hotspots and its variation for O.bartramii and is useful for sustainable exploitation,assessment,and management of this squid.展开更多
Population is an important strategic resource for national development, a fundamental element of socio-economic development. The coordinated development of population and economy is an effective way to achieve rapid e...Population is an important strategic resource for national development, a fundamental element of socio-economic development. The coordinated development of population and economy is an effective way to achieve rapid economic growth. Based on the population statistics data of counties (districts) in Henan Province, China, from 2006 to 2021. The paper firstly uses the logistic population growth mathematical model to calculate the resident population growth rate of counties (districts), then utilizes the hotspot analysis and spatial semi-variogram analysis, to research the spatial distribution characteristics of the resident population growth rate in Henan Province. The research results show that the evolution of the regional resident population in the province basically conforms to the logistic natural growth model. The resident population growth rate shows the characteristics of high in the north and low in the south, high in the center and low in the surrounding regions. The resident population growth rate is positively correlated with the level of economic development;the urban built-up areas, especially the new regions in urban planning, have a fast growth rate of resident population, which has a significant siphon effect on the population of surrounding regions. The hotspots of resident population growth rate in the province are mainly distributed in the urban built-up areas and surrounding regions of Zhengzhou, Luoyang, and Xinxiang, accounting for about 3.51% of the total area of the province. The cold spots are mainly distributed in the eastern part of the province, forming zonal distribution, which spans across Shangqiu City, Zhoukou City, and Zhumadian City, accounting for about 8.61% of the total area of the province. The area with negative growth of resident population accounts for approximately 53.47% of the total province. The spatial distribution of the growth rate of the resident population in the whole province basically conforms to the spherical model, with a small dispersion degree and a short range. In the range, there is a high degree of variability in resident population growth rate.展开更多
Identifying vehicular crash high risk locations along highways is important for understanding the causes of vehicle crashes and to determine effective countermeasures based on the analysis. This paper presents a GIS a...Identifying vehicular crash high risk locations along highways is important for understanding the causes of vehicle crashes and to determine effective countermeasures based on the analysis. This paper presents a GIS approach to examine the spatial patterns of vehicle crashes and determines if they are spatially clustered, dispersed, or random. Moran’s I and Getis-Ord Gi* statistic are employed to examine spatial patterns, clusters mapping of vehicle crash data, and to generate high risk locations along highways. Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) is used to generate crash concentration maps that show the road density of crashes. The proposed approach is evaluated using the 2013 vehicle crash data in the state of Indiana. Results show that the approach is efficient and reliable in identifying vehicle crash hot spots and unsafe road locations.展开更多
The general objective of this research is to determine how to use the spatial analysis of traffic accidents in Medina Menorah City through geographic information systems. This research aimed to identify, locate and de...The general objective of this research is to determine how to use the spatial analysis of traffic accidents in Medina Menorah City through geographic information systems. This research aimed to identify, locate and define the sites where traffic accidents are concentrated and determine the need to apply specific safety standards to reduce accidents and identify their causes thereof. This current research applied the analytical descriptive approach for its relevance with this specific research. This research collected traffic accidents data from the Ministry of the Interior, Department of General Traffic. That data captured the hotspots accidents in Medina Menorah City. Some of the most important results of the study are as follows: many roads were selected as High Accident Location HAL, such as Central Ring Roads, King Faisal bin Abdul-Aziz Road, Prince Abdul Majid bin Abdul-Aziz Road, and King Abdulla bin Abdel-Aziz Road. The high-speed roads are heavily linked to the massive increase of traffic accident rates, and the increase in the street section length led to the soaring number of total accidents. The study recommended performing more studies and different highway safety studies to identify and locate accident patterns on road networks. Due to the fact that the accidents concentration is intensely focused on Medina City center and Prophet’s Mosque, it is a must to increase the number of public transportations to and from Prophet’s Mosque, particularly during the Hajj period, because of the fact that the visitors of Prophet’s Mosque is on the increase during the said period. This study can be applied in other cities because knowing the locations of traffic crash hotspots can provide us with valuable insights into the causes of accidents and this knowledge helps decision-makers to better assess the risk associated with accidents.展开更多
目的:对2020年江西省医疗卫生资源配置的空间分布进行分析研究,为进一步优化江西省公共卫生资源配置的公平合理性提供建设性思路。方法:基于地理信息系统(Geographic information system,GIS)技术,使用ArcGIS 10.7软件,全局空间自相关...目的:对2020年江西省医疗卫生资源配置的空间分布进行分析研究,为进一步优化江西省公共卫生资源配置的公平合理性提供建设性思路。方法:基于地理信息系统(Geographic information system,GIS)技术,使用ArcGIS 10.7软件,全局空间自相关分析和空间热点分析方法对江西省各地市的公共卫生资源配置进行空间分析研究。结果:南昌市、萍乡市等江西省西北城市的公共卫生资源配置水平较高,上饶市,鹰潭市等江西省中东部城市公共卫生资源配置较低,整体上以南昌市为集聚中心向周围降低。江西省每千人口床位数6.32张、每千人口执业(助理)医师数2.32人、每千人口注册护士数2.86人。全局自相关分析结果显示各地级市每千人口床位数、每千人口执业(助理)医师数、每千人口注册护士数的空间全局相关性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。空间热点分析结果显示热点区域主要聚集于江西省西北部地区,冷点区域集中于南部地区。结论:江西省应加大对公共卫生资源冷点地区的支持力度,进一步扶持当地医疗机构,培养公共卫生人员,优化江西省公共卫生空间布局。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41406146,41476129)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality(No.13ZR1419300)+1 种基金the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.20123104120002)the Shanghai Universities First-Class Disciplines Project-Fisheries(A)
文摘With the increasing effects of global climate change and fishing activities,the spatial distribution of the neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii) is changing in the traditional fishing ground of 150°-160°E and 38°-45°N in the northwest Pacific Ocean.This research aims to identify the spatial hot and cold spots(i.e.spatial clusters) of O.bartramii to reveal its spatial structure using commercial fishery data from2007 to 2010 collected by Chinese mainland squid-j igging fleets.A relatively strongly-clustered distribution for O.bartramii was observed using an exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA) method.The results show two hot spots and one cold spot in 2007 while only one hot and one cold spots were identified each year from2008 to 2010.The hot and cold spots in 2007 occupied 8.2%and 5.6%of the study area,respectively;these percentages for hot and cold spot areas were 5.8%and 3.1%in 2008,10.2%and 2.9%in 2009,and 16.4%and 11.9%in 2010,respectively.Nearly half(>45%) of the squid from 2007 to 2009 reported by Chinese fleets were caught in hot spot areas while this percentage reached its peak at 68.8%in 2010,indicating that the hot spot areas are central fishing grounds.A further change analysis shows the area centered at156°E/43.5°N was persistent as a hot spot over the whole period from 2007 to 2010.Furthermore,the hot spots were mainly identified in areas with sea surface temperature(SST) in the range of 15-20℃ around warm Kuroshio Currents as well as with the chlorophyll-a(chl-a) concentration above 0.3 mg/m^3.The outcome of this research improves our understanding of spatiotemporal hotspots and its variation for O.bartramii and is useful for sustainable exploitation,assessment,and management of this squid.
文摘Population is an important strategic resource for national development, a fundamental element of socio-economic development. The coordinated development of population and economy is an effective way to achieve rapid economic growth. Based on the population statistics data of counties (districts) in Henan Province, China, from 2006 to 2021. The paper firstly uses the logistic population growth mathematical model to calculate the resident population growth rate of counties (districts), then utilizes the hotspot analysis and spatial semi-variogram analysis, to research the spatial distribution characteristics of the resident population growth rate in Henan Province. The research results show that the evolution of the regional resident population in the province basically conforms to the logistic natural growth model. The resident population growth rate shows the characteristics of high in the north and low in the south, high in the center and low in the surrounding regions. The resident population growth rate is positively correlated with the level of economic development;the urban built-up areas, especially the new regions in urban planning, have a fast growth rate of resident population, which has a significant siphon effect on the population of surrounding regions. The hotspots of resident population growth rate in the province are mainly distributed in the urban built-up areas and surrounding regions of Zhengzhou, Luoyang, and Xinxiang, accounting for about 3.51% of the total area of the province. The cold spots are mainly distributed in the eastern part of the province, forming zonal distribution, which spans across Shangqiu City, Zhoukou City, and Zhumadian City, accounting for about 8.61% of the total area of the province. The area with negative growth of resident population accounts for approximately 53.47% of the total province. The spatial distribution of the growth rate of the resident population in the whole province basically conforms to the spherical model, with a small dispersion degree and a short range. In the range, there is a high degree of variability in resident population growth rate.
文摘Identifying vehicular crash high risk locations along highways is important for understanding the causes of vehicle crashes and to determine effective countermeasures based on the analysis. This paper presents a GIS approach to examine the spatial patterns of vehicle crashes and determines if they are spatially clustered, dispersed, or random. Moran’s I and Getis-Ord Gi* statistic are employed to examine spatial patterns, clusters mapping of vehicle crash data, and to generate high risk locations along highways. Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) is used to generate crash concentration maps that show the road density of crashes. The proposed approach is evaluated using the 2013 vehicle crash data in the state of Indiana. Results show that the approach is efficient and reliable in identifying vehicle crash hot spots and unsafe road locations.
文摘The general objective of this research is to determine how to use the spatial analysis of traffic accidents in Medina Menorah City through geographic information systems. This research aimed to identify, locate and define the sites where traffic accidents are concentrated and determine the need to apply specific safety standards to reduce accidents and identify their causes thereof. This current research applied the analytical descriptive approach for its relevance with this specific research. This research collected traffic accidents data from the Ministry of the Interior, Department of General Traffic. That data captured the hotspots accidents in Medina Menorah City. Some of the most important results of the study are as follows: many roads were selected as High Accident Location HAL, such as Central Ring Roads, King Faisal bin Abdul-Aziz Road, Prince Abdul Majid bin Abdul-Aziz Road, and King Abdulla bin Abdel-Aziz Road. The high-speed roads are heavily linked to the massive increase of traffic accident rates, and the increase in the street section length led to the soaring number of total accidents. The study recommended performing more studies and different highway safety studies to identify and locate accident patterns on road networks. Due to the fact that the accidents concentration is intensely focused on Medina City center and Prophet’s Mosque, it is a must to increase the number of public transportations to and from Prophet’s Mosque, particularly during the Hajj period, because of the fact that the visitors of Prophet’s Mosque is on the increase during the said period. This study can be applied in other cities because knowing the locations of traffic crash hotspots can provide us with valuable insights into the causes of accidents and this knowledge helps decision-makers to better assess the risk associated with accidents.
文摘目的:对2020年江西省医疗卫生资源配置的空间分布进行分析研究,为进一步优化江西省公共卫生资源配置的公平合理性提供建设性思路。方法:基于地理信息系统(Geographic information system,GIS)技术,使用ArcGIS 10.7软件,全局空间自相关分析和空间热点分析方法对江西省各地市的公共卫生资源配置进行空间分析研究。结果:南昌市、萍乡市等江西省西北城市的公共卫生资源配置水平较高,上饶市,鹰潭市等江西省中东部城市公共卫生资源配置较低,整体上以南昌市为集聚中心向周围降低。江西省每千人口床位数6.32张、每千人口执业(助理)医师数2.32人、每千人口注册护士数2.86人。全局自相关分析结果显示各地级市每千人口床位数、每千人口执业(助理)医师数、每千人口注册护士数的空间全局相关性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。空间热点分析结果显示热点区域主要聚集于江西省西北部地区,冷点区域集中于南部地区。结论:江西省应加大对公共卫生资源冷点地区的支持力度,进一步扶持当地医疗机构,培养公共卫生人员,优化江西省公共卫生空间布局。
