Land development suitability analysis for transport planning evaluation and optimization in mountainous ecological region

Transportation planning is a critical component for creating an orderly,intensive,and sustainable pattern of land development.By comprehensively considering the potential and suitability of transport construction,a comprehensive method combining resources and environmental carrying capacity(RECC)and land development suitability(LDS)was developed by using techniques of GIS,analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and threedimensional magic cube.Taking Aba prefecture in Sichuan Province of Southwest China as a case study,LDS for transportation was analyzed from three aspects,including overall planning layout,different transport modes,and transportation projects.The results showed that the transport planning scales of most counties in Aba were suitable,and the order of LDS of different transport modes was railway>highway=superhighway>tourism track,which already included 42 new transportation projects.We found that two counties(Maoxian County and Jiuzhaigou County)should improve the ecological protection level of transportation,in which the railway network construction should be encouraged,and some transportation projects with low LDS should be postponed or constructed harmlessly.We suggest the combination of RECC and LDS for transportation could enhance the territorial space optimization and sustainable transport construction.

Spatial Regression Analysis of Pedestrian Crashes Based on Point-of-Interest Data

Pedestrian safety has recently been considered as one of the most serious issues in the research of traffic safety. This study aims at analyzing the spatial correlation between the frequency of pedestrian crashes and various predictor variables based on open source point-of-interest (POI) data which can provide specific land use features and user characteristics. Spatial regression models were developed at Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ) level using 10,333 pedestrian crash records within the Fifth Ring of Beijing in 2015. Several spatial econometrics approaches were used to examine the spatial autocorrelation in crash count per TAZ, and the spatial heterogeneity was investigated by a geographically weighted regression model. The results showed that spatial error model performed better than other two spatial models and a traditional ordinary least squares model. Specifically, bus stops, hospitals, pharmacies, restaurants, and office buildings had positive impacts on pedestrian crashes, while hotels were negatively associated with the occurrence of pedestrian crashes. In addition, it was proven that there was a significant sign of localization effects for different POIs. Depending on these findings, lots of recommendations and countermeasures can be proposed to better improve the traffic safety for pedestrians.

The Concept of MDSA （Macro Demand Spatial Approach） on Spatial Demand Forecasting for Main Development Area in Transmission Planning

MDSA （macro demand spatial approach） is an approach introduced in long time electricity demand forecasting considering location. It will be used at transmission planning and policy decision on electricity infrastructure development in a region. In the model, MDSA combined with PCA （principal component analysis） and QA （qualitative analysis） to determine main development area in region and the variables that affecting electricity demand in there. Main development area is an area with industrial domination as a driver of economic growth. The electricity demand driver variables are different for type of electricity consumer. However, they will be equal for main development areas. The variables which have no significant effect can be reduced by using PCA. The generated models tested to assess whether it still at the range of confidence level of electricity demand forecasting. At the case study, generated model for main development areas at South Sumatra Subsystem as a part of Sumatra Interconnection System is still in the range of confidence level. Thus, MDSA can be proposed as alternative approach in transmission planning that considering location.

Integrated use of GIS, remote sensing and multi-criteria decision analysis to assess ecological land suitability in multi-functional forestry

The Zagros forests are a treasure of valuable oak forests, but they have been severely degraded from long-term misuse. Geographic information systems （GIS） and multi-criteria decision analysis （MCDA） have been increasingly used to improve the management of vulnerable ecosystems to prevent further degradation and increase the sustainability of land use. This study presents a methodology to assess land suitability using remote sensing （RS） to obtain wall-to-wall data for the calculations, GIS to analyze the data, and MCDA to rank alternative land uses. The criteria and subcriteria affecting the suitability of land for different uses were identified and weighted using an analytic hierarchy process. Variables used as subcriteria were assessed using satellite data and other sources of information such as existing maps and field surveys. Numerical values for the subcriteria were classified, and each class was given a priority rating according to expert judgments. Based on the ratings and weights of the subcriteria, a priority map was created for each land use using the weighted linear combination method. The priority maps for different land uses were overlaid to obtain a preliminary land use map, which often indicated several simultaneous land uses for the same location. The preliminary map was further edited by removing unrealistic, mutually exclusive land-use combinations. The study tested and demonstrated the potential of integrating RS, G1S and MCDA techniques for solving complicated land allocation problems in forested regions using a scientifically sound and practical approach for efficient and sustainable allocation of forestland for different uses.

THE EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE TOURISM RESOURCES IN JILIN PROVINCE

This paper comprehensively evaluates and analyzes the tourism resources in Jilin Province, China. And it consists of three parts. The first two parts are on the resources evaluation and analysis. Based on the results of evaluation about the structural and spatial distribution of the tourism resources, it is found that, the natural resources play fundamental roles in Jilin, while the human and cultural resources are important complementary parts as well. In the spatial distribution analysis, the resources show the characteristic of "six clusters"and "three belts"spatial relations. Four clusters are centered on the cities, which are Changchun, Jilin, Baicheng, Tonghua and Ji′an; one cluster is around the Changbai Moutains and one cluster nears the frontier at Tumen between China, Russia and P.D. R. Korea. And the three belts are: 1) The west belt. It contains Xianghai and Momoge natural protection region. The evident of this zone is its ecological and ethical tourism resources. 2)The middle belt characterized by urban traveling and recreation, including Jilin and Changchun, together with their nearby Nong′an and Siping. 3) The last belt is also the most important one, which is the east zone. It covers the Changbai Mountains, the golden triangles of Tonghua and the Tumen River. This zone is remarkable for its abundant natural landscapes and unique folk customs. In the last part the concept planning is briefly constructed for the tourism resources in Jilin Province according to the above evaluation and analysis.

Research on Application of Landscape Pattern in Regional Planning

Landscape ecology is a new science and there are few cases about applying landscape pattern analysis in optimizing regional planning.By taking the planning of the special planning area for Boao Forum for Asia as the study object,several important landscape indexes have been selected for static analysis of landscape structural feature and landscape structural stability.By using ArcGIS,landscape structural stability map has been overlaid with land use planning map,and then optimization suggestions have been proposed for unreasonable plots.Landscape type and landscape pattern diversity have been selected for dynamic analysis and then suggestions for landscape security pattern been put forward.Through case studies,it has provided a reference for landscape pattern analysis as a means to optimize regional planning.

Optimal Location Determination of Some Public Facilities within Minna Metropolis: A Geospatial Technique Approach

Theoretical frameworks used to explain the location of services include central place theory, aspects of industrial location theory and spatial diffusion theory. They are all described as normative theories which optimize with respect to defined criteria operating in prescribed environmental conditions (Rushton, 1979). However, recent advancement in geospatial technologies has led to several applications in geographically orientated challenges, hence, the adoption of an effective decision tool like Geographic Information System (GIS), high resolution products of satellite remote sensing as well as the Global Positioning System (GPS) in solving the rather challenging task of optimal location for facilities with respect to necessary criteria. Minna metropolis is being affected adversely by the problem of appropriate location of public facilities. These facilities are either too far from their market zone or they are too congested in a particular location and in some cases, political consideration to the siting of these facilities dominate without given considerations to the necessary criteria for demands and public interest. The study is an investigation into the “optimal determination of the locations of some public facilities in Minna metropolis of Niger State, using geospatial techniques”. The fusion of remote sensing, geographic information system (GIS) and GPS techniques was explored. Geodata base of existing facilities was created and Euclidean-distance geometry used to spatially analyze the appropriate locations with regards to the set of standard criteria. The results showed the haphazard and uncontrolled pattern of development of schools location. However, petrol stations met the evaluated criteria and optimal location indexes.

Strategic Planning for Avoidance of Catastrophic Flood Consequences

The present study is to deal with the strategic planning in avoidance of all catastrophic consequences of major flood in West Attica region in 2017 and is divided into three main sections.The first one comprises the study of the internal and external environment of the Regional Unit of West Attica with analysis of resources,procedures,culture that governs the internal environment,external bodies and mapping through PESTEL(Political,Economic,Socio-Cultural and Technological)analysis as components of the external environment.The second section comprises the vision and mission of this strategic plan and specializes in reporting and analyzing the strategic objectives as well as the actions that characterize them in order to complete the mission that has been set and to achieve the vision that has been planned.The last section focuses on the feasibility of the above proposals formulated in the midst of actions and strategic objectives with the help of SWOT(Strength,Weakness,Opportunity,and Threat)analysis and concludes with a proposal for the implementation of strategic planning with the implementation of the Integrated Spatial Investment tool.

Planning Sports Facilities Based on a Multicriteria Model Built in GIS Environment

The objective of this work is to evaluate the coverage of the sports facilities at Oeiras Municipality,near Lisbon,in Portugal,identifying the well-served areas and those with deficit coverage,according to the national norms for sports facilities programming and characterization,based on a self methodology,in a geographic information system(GIS)environment.For the deficit covered areas,a multicriteria analysis was developed,based on the established national criteria,which allow the identification and prioritization of interventioned areas for sports facilities.The results obtained by the application of this tool enable more informed and more detailed knowledge of the Oeiras Municipality sports supply,providing essential information for decision making in the planning of sports facilities.

空间异质下地铁建成环境与站点覆盖客流吸引度关系研究

机器学习模型广泛应用于探究建成环境与客流的交互关系。然而,机器学习考虑的是全局关系,无法捕捉空间变化,为解决这一问题,本文从密度、多样性、设计、目的地可达性、可获得性和网络连通性等方面构建了11种建成环境指标,提出一种轻量级梯度提升机(LightGBM)与地理加权回归(GWR)的集成综合分析模型(SLightGBM),以探究建成环境对站点覆盖客流吸引度的空间异质性和非线性影响,并将该模型与LightGBM,普通最小二乘法(OLS)和GWR进行比较,以揭示SLightGBM模型在回归效果上的优势。针对西安市的研究结果表明:SLightGBM模型的R2、MAE与RMSE分别达到了0.68、8379.16和11797.19,显著优于对比模型;建成环境因素存在空间异质性,工作人口密度和公交站点密度在中心区域最为重要,而餐饮密度在南部区域更显著;工作人口密度和餐饮密度与客流吸引度呈正相关,而最小换乘次数与客流吸引度呈负相关关系,且具有明显的协同作用。研究表明,影响因子空间差异性和阈值分析结果对于指导城市建设和改善公共交通系统具有重要的启示意义。

面向新工科的GIS空间分析混合式双语课程资源建设与教学实践

面向新工科、立德树人、思政教学、教学体系和行业发展等多重需求,本文阐述了GIS空间分析混合式双语课程的资源建设与教学实践。在课程资源建设方面,基于作者主编的中国煤炭教育协会“十四五”规划教材《GIS空间分析(双语版)》,为每一章节安排了思政教学内容,制作了对应的课程PPT课件、教学视频,并以此构建了线上线下混合式教学平台;在教学实践上,进行了产学研一体化的教学实践探索,开展了一流课程的申报与建设工作,为提升教学质量提供了重要保障。本课程在教学资源与教学实践方面的探索,为其他相关课程建设提供较为重要的参考和依据。

社会—空间视角下城市层级社区规划研究

社区作为城市社会空间的基本单元,是推进规划建设治理精细化的重要载体和行动单元。近年来大量社区尺度更新和规划实践有效提升了基层人居环境品质,但也暴露出城市宏观战略与基层微观行动之间缺乏有效对接、传统规划技术路径难以应对精细化治理要求等突出问题,为社区规划体系建设和规划研究方法带来挑战。提出应构建“市区—街镇—社村”多层级社区规划体系,并聚焦城市层级社区规划,明确其定位、总体思路和工作框架,进而以四川省成都市温江区社区发展规划项目为例,提出社会—空间视角下全要素综合、多主体联动、全过程参与的工作框架和技术路径。

基于CiteSpace分析的国内外乡村碳排放研究进展与展望

文章采用CiteSpace软件对国内外乡村碳排放研究进展进行可视化分析,旨在为明晰规划减排目标与技术路径提供支撑。结果表明:国内外相关研究均高度集中于环境科学与农学,研究热点都包括农业碳排放及影响因素,研究思路上都逐渐注重多尺度机制探究和综合要素分析,研究进展聚焦在乡村碳排放核算和预测、影响因素和减排路径。未来应建立多学科融合的研究框架,拓展研究尺度和基础技术途径,强化乡村主体研究。

采用改进等价极值法的钢网架动力可靠性分析

为比较动力作用下航站楼钢网架结构可靠性的空间分布差异,基于等价极值原理中的极值(P),推导并改进了以逼近极值(ΔPi)为特征变量的结构失效概率计算方程。结合某机场航站楼钢网架优化案例,数值模拟分析了指廊钢屋盖在不同有效峰值加速度(effective peak acceleration,简称EPA)作用下的结构可靠性变化规律,总结了改进等价极值法在预测结构失效时的优越性。结果表明:利用改进等价极值法得到的结构失效概率上下界曲线能准确表征不同EPA作用下结构失效的“三阶段”变化趋势,且计算阈值区间随EPA增加而收敛,并在EPA大于0.22 g时趋于0;在结构设计优化指标满足规范要求时,改进等价极值法既能有效预测其可靠性变化趋势又具有较高预测精度;指廊结构区段内的支座节点失效概率与整体失效概率接近,EPA小于0.295 g时误差不超过4%,可通过监测代表节点实现结构整体可靠度监测。

基于GIS的研学线路设计研究——以西柏坡为例

空间规划是支撑研学基地规划发展的核心内容,就当前发展现状来看,基地空间规划多依靠于规划者的个人经验,致使规划结果主观性较强,缺少客观数据信息等方面的支撑。结合GIS空间分析与旅游资源评价模型两方面,探索研学旅游资源采集、研学旅游资源格网化及研学空间视觉分析方法,形成标准化的研学资源采集、评价到空间分析的技术路径。初步研究GIS空间分析技术在研学基地区域规划中的应用,能够弥补传统主观评价方法客观性不足的缺点,实现研学旅游资源数据评价、旅游线路和空间发展轴线优化的一系列技术分析,为研学旅游规划深度、提高规划精度、提升研学体验感提供科学参考。

基于温室气体清单的市级国土空间规划碳定量研究:分析框架、核算方法与规划模拟

碳排放数据的统计和分析对于实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标的相关政策制定和行动选择至关重要。国土空间规划作为聚焦“空间”的综合治理平台,需加强“双碳”战略下的专题性定量分析。首先,在梳理温室气体清单应用延伸的国际经验和国内研究基础上,明确国土空间规划碳定量分析的任务和要点,提出研究以国土空间碳核算为核心、以国土空间规划碳排放多情景模拟为延展的关键方法;其次,从温室气体清单着手,构建碳定量分析体系,制定核算公式,并以上海为例说明体系细化、因子标定等本地化路径和应用情况;最后,提出减碳目标约束下开展规划碳排放模拟的技术思路,并对上海市规划交通碳排进行评估。

基于改进Prim算法的路径规划研究

文中提出一种基于聚类分析改进Prim(普里姆)最小生成树的路径规划算法,采用二分法将站网中的站点先聚类,分成多个微小的站点聚类中心,再以各聚类中心进行Prim最小生成树的路径规划,量化站网空间分布特征,通过聚类增强最小生成树,达到路径优化的目的。实践结果证明,改进的Prim算法适用于大型稠密的站网,在稠密的连通图中,只要调整指数进而控制聚类中心的数量,就能简化站网布局,降低算法的空间复杂度,达到更好的实际应用。

轨道交通数字化规划研究——交通走廊分析与线路布局

为实现轨道交通与城市空间的有效融合,发挥交通走廊对城市发展的引领作用,文章在阐述交通走廊概念及其与轨道交通线路互动机理的基础上,提出通过交通走廊功能及公交特征分析,确定轨道交通线路功能、服务水平、线站位方案、技术标准等的研究思路;然后将数据分析方法与空间模型应用在交通走廊分析中,以厦门市为例,开展基于空间计量学的交通走廊功能分析、基于公交特征的线路功能分析、交通走廊量级与轨道交通层次制式的匹配分析,以指导轨道交通线路布局。研究结果表明,利用空间计量学、公交刷卡数据分析等量化研究方法,能够全面、有效地反映交通走廊特征,为轨道交通线路功能识别、客流预测、线站位布局、制式选择、技术标准确定提供依据。

不同等级道路对福州市生态空间景观连接度的影响研究

道路空间的扩张导致城市生态空间的破碎化及其景观连接受阻.科学分析不同等级道路对生态空间景观连接度的影响对指导生态修复工程选址和未来道路网络布设具有重要意义.研究采用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)和基于图论的景观连接度模型,提取福州市主要生态空间,并通过有无道路的情景定量分析了不同距离阈值下各等级道路对生态空间景观连接度的影响.结果表明:(1)在各等级道路干扰中,高速公路对景观连接度的影响最为显著,导致景观连接度指数LCP、IIC和PC值分别降低了7.74%、6.53%和8.96%;(2)道路的存在干扰了生态空间中各斑块的连接度重要性,导致高景观连接度的斑块组合数量骤减,低景观连接度的斑块组合数量剧增;(3)各级道路的影响程度由大到小依次为高速公路、县道、省道和国道,其中县道和高速公路分别在距离阈值极低和极高时成为主要影响因素;(4)生态空间占比越大且越靠近城市核心区的区县,其生态空间景观连接度越易受到道路的影响.研究结果可为福州市生态空间格局的构建和优化提供科学依据.

城市多中心结构下的土地使用多情景发展布局

城市多中心结构和距离主中心、次中心的区位是影响土地使用演变的重要因素。随着多中心结构成为城市空间重要发展战略,相对于城市主中心,距离就业次中心的区位因素需要在土地使用变化模拟中加以考虑。以上海市为例,通过土地使用模拟探讨城市多中心空间结构对土地使用演变的影响。通过手机位置数据识别就业次中心,分析就业次中心对土地使用演变的影响。研究发现,除了交通、社会经济、距离城市主中心的区位等因素,距离就业次中心的区位也是影响土地使用演变的重要因素。根据识别的就业次中心替换历史年份的就业次中心,对未来土地使用进行推演,发现就业次中心会带来周边商业用地的集聚。同时,将相对于城市主中心、就业次中心的区位因素纳入土地使用推演考虑,研究城市多中心结构对土地使用演变的影响,对于城市多中心结构优化及用地发展布局规划具有重要意义。