Spatial-temporal Evolution of the Urban-rural Coordination Relationship in Northeast China in 1990-2018

To comprehensively understand the law of urban-rural relationship and propose scientific measures of urban-rural coordinated development in Northeast China,this study uses the coupling coordination degree model and geographically and temporally weighted regression(GTWR)model to analyze the spatial-temporal patterns and the corresponding driving mechanisms of its urban-rural coordination since 1990.The results are as follows.First,the urban-rural coupling coordination degree in Northeast China was very low and improved slowly,but its stages of evolution is a good interpretation of the strategic arrangements of China's urbanization.Second,the urban-rural coupling coordination degree in Northeast China had spatial differences and was characterized by central polarization,converging on urban agglomeration,which was high in the south and low in the north.Moreover,the gap between the north and south weakened.Third,the spatial-temporal evolution of the urban-rural coordination relationship in Northeast China was influenced by pulling from the central cities,pushing from rural transformation,and government regulations.The influence intensity of the three mechanisms was weak,but the pulling from the central cities was stronger than that of the other two mechanisms.Furthermore,the spatial difference between the three mechanisms determines the spatial pattern and its evolution of the urban-rural coordination relationship in Northeast China.Fourth,to promote the development of urban-rural coordination in Northeast China,it is essential to advance urban-rural economic correlation,enhance the government^role in regulating and guiding,and adopt different policies for each region in Northeast China.

Two new approaches for image registration based onspatial-temporal relationship

How to improve the probability of registration and precision of localization is a hard problem, which is desiderated to solve. The two basic approaches (normalized cross-correlation and phase correlation) for image registration are analysed, two improved approaches based on spatial-temporal relationship are presented. This method adds the correlation matrix according to the displacements in x- cirection and y- directions, and the registration pose is searched in the added matrix. The method overcomes the shortcoming that the probability of registration decreasing with area increasing owing to geometric distortion, improves the probability and the robustness of registration.

Simulation of ^(13)C NMR chemical shifts of carbinol carbon atoms using quantitative structure-spectrum relationships

A quantitative structure-spectrum relationship (QSSR) model was developed to simulate 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of carbinol carbon atoms for 55 alcohols. The proposed model,using multiple linear regression,contained four descriptors solely extracted from the molecular structure of compounds. The statistical results of the final model show that R2= 0.982 4 and S=0.869 8 (where R is the correlation coefficient and S is the standard deviation). To test its predictive ability,the model was further used to predict the 13C NMR spectra of the carbinol carbon atoms of other nine compounds which were not included in the developed model. The average relative errors are 0.94% and 1.70%,respectively,for the training set and the predictive set. The model is statistically significant and shows good stability for data variation as tested by the leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation. The comparison with other approaches also reveals good performance of this method.

Disharmonious Ventricular Relationship and Topology for the Given Atrioventricular Connections.Contemporary Diagnostic Approach Using 3D Modeling and Printing

In the last issue,two case reports separately present examples of the extremely rare and complex congenital heart diseases that show concordant atrioventricular connections to the L-looped ventricles in the presence of situs solitus.Both cases highlight that the relationship between the two ventricles within the ventricular mass is not always harmonious with the given atrioventricular connection.Such disharmony between the connections and relationships requires careful assessment of the three basic facets of cardiac building blocks,namely their morphology,the relationship of their component parts,and their connections with the adjacent segments.3D imaging and printing can now facilitate an otherwise difficult diagnosis in such complex situations.Rotation of either the 3D images or the models permit accurate assessment of the ventricular topologic pattern by creating the right ventricular en-face septal view,thus facilitating placement of the observer’s hands.As we now emphasize,an alternative approach,which might prove more attractive to imagers,is to rotate the ventricular mass to provide the ventricular apical view,thus permitting determination of the ventricular relationship without using the hands.

Topology and Semantic Information Fusion Classification Network Based on Hyperspectral Images of Chinese Herbs

Most methods for classifying hyperspectral data only consider the local spatial relation-ship among samples,ignoring the important non-local topological relationship.However,the non-local topological relationship is better at representing the structure of hyperspectral data.This paper proposes a deep learning model called Topology and semantic information fusion classification network(TSFnet)that incorporates a topology structure and semantic information transmis-sion network to accurately classify traditional Chinese medicine in hyperspectral images.TSFnet uses a convolutional neural network(CNN)to extract features and a graph convolution network(GCN)to capture potential topological relationships among different types of Chinese herbal medicines.The results show that TSFnet outperforms other state-of-the-art deep learning classification algorithms in two different scenarios of herbal medicine datasets.Additionally,the proposed TSFnet model is lightweight and can be easily deployed for mobile herbal medicine classification.

基于多特征符号聚合近似和层次聚类的户变关系识别方法

针对低压配电台区拓扑档案中可能存在的户变关系异常问题,文中提出了一种基于多特征符号聚合近似(MF-SAX)和层次聚类的户变关系识别方法。首先,运用符号聚合近似表达方法将用户电压时间序列转化为字符串序列,并引入电压波动系数和电压变化趋势两个附加参数对其特征表达进行强化。然后,基于编辑距离生成用户电压曲线相似性矩阵,并结合层次聚类算法实现户变关系的识别。最后,实际算例结果表明,提出的方法相比于现有方法准确率更高,误报更少,能直接应对数据缺失的情况,且具有更高的效率。

拓扑信息引导的视频异常行为检测方法

在视频异常检测任务中,良好的特征提取能力在多帧预测方法中十分重要。然而当面对复杂的环境时,传统的基于空间特征的提取方法往往在多层卷积的过程中忽略了底层特征之间的全局依赖关系。为了更好地进行特征提取,提出一种依托拓扑强相关信息引导的视频异常检测方法。该方法针对底层特征序列进行全局相关性信息的提取,并以此初步增强特征中强关联的信息。将底层特征作为节点,裁剪后的相关性信息作为邻里矩阵,构建关键特征之间的拓扑结构关系图,有效地利用了关键特征的拓扑结构信息。将初步增强的特征与拓扑结构特征进行特征融合,帮助模型更深入更全面地筛选关键特征,提高了特征表达能力。该方法在Ped2、Avenue和ShanghaiTech三个公开数据集上取得了良好的视频帧预测效果,提高了模型的检测精度。

个体借贷关系网络特征与违约研究——来自互联网融资平台的证据

本研究应用复杂网络分析方法研究了互联网融资平台个体借贷关系网络特征与借款人违约问题.提出了融资平台个体借贷关系网络的构建方法,构建了互联网借贷平台人人贷个体借贷关系网络,刻画了该网络的整体特征以及违约借款人群体和不同信用等级借款人群体、纯投资者群体构成的子网络特征.揭示了借款人和投资者的行为选择规律.分析了借款人网络拓扑特征与借款信息的相关性,构建了借款人违约与借款人网络拓扑特征、借款信息的三个回归模型.研究发现:构造的网络拓扑特征对于个体借贷关系结构具有很强的解释力;借款人节点的网络拓扑特征与借款人的违约存在显著相关关系,且这种关系在不同属性借款人群体中也具有稳健性;研究结果能够用于各类互联网融资平台借款人信用风险评估及违约预测.

基于改进FCM和最小互信息算法的户变关系辨识方法

随着低压分布式光伏的高比例接入,传统的户变关系辨识方法利用电压与功率特征进行判断,受光伏出力影响较大。针对分布式光伏大规模接入下低压配电网的电气特征,提出了一种基于数据驱动的低压配电网户变关系辨识方法。首先,基于改进模糊C均值(fuzzy C-means, FCM)聚类算法,利用电压相关性对用户进行初步聚类划分。其次,在初步聚类的基础上,利用最小互信息算法排除光伏出力的影响,建立配变与用户的连接关系识别模型并用回归分析的思想求解,实现对户变关系的精确辨识。最后,通过对某地实际数据进行算例分析,验证了基于改进FCM和最小互信息算法的户变关系辨识方法在大规模光伏接入场景下的有效性。实验表明,该方法相比传统的电压和功率特征判别方法具有更高的准确率。

高比例户用光伏接入下低压配电网户变关系识别

近年来,随着分布式光伏的发展,用户可参与的户用光伏系统在低压配电网中的并网数量快速增长。针对高比例户用光伏下的低压配电网具备的基本特征,提出一种基于台区配变及用户功率平衡关系的光伏时序功率卷积模型,并在此基础上,采用基于高斯混合模型的电压聚类优化目标函数进行户变关系识别。首先,基于用户-配变功率平衡关系,建立了高比例户用光伏的低压户变关系的多元线性回归模型;其次,提出一种基于Bi LSTM算法的光伏时序识别方法,筛选出光伏瞬时渗透率最高的时序片段;根据已识别的光伏时序片段建立光伏权重矩阵,并引入该矩阵将多元线性回归模型进行加权回归后转化为光伏时序功率卷积模型求解,在平抑光伏波动影响的同时初步识别户变从属关系;然后,提出一种基于高斯混合模型进行电压聚类的优化目标函数作为验证步骤,能够进一步排除验证错误的用户,提高户变关系的准确率;最后,以某地区实际低压配电网为例,分别使用该地区推广户用光伏前后不同时期的历史数据集进行识别,通过识别结果对比,验证了所提方法的有效性和实用性。

基于关系图卷积神经网络的新能源配电台区拓扑识别方法

针对传统拓扑识别方法难以适应高比例分布式光伏接入下低压配电台区电气耦合特性复杂的问题,提出了一种基于关系图卷积神经网络的新能源配电台区拓扑识别方法。文章分析了分布式光伏接入对低压台区线户关系识别的影响机理,提出了高渗透率分布式光伏接入下配电台区的自适应线户关系识别方法,通过电压皮尔逊相关系数矩阵建模和全局自适应聚类方法实现线户关系识别。基于新能源台区拓扑关联特性将配网节点关联分类匹配为分隔、上下、并列及光伏节点接纳关系,建立了适应分布式光伏接入的台区拓扑邻接矩阵模型。提出了基于关系图卷积神经网络的配电台区拓扑生成算法,通过提取电压量测数据形成台区节点特征矩阵,基于关系图链接预测挖掘潜在节点关联关系逐步生成配电台区拓扑。算例仿真对比验证了所提拓扑识别方法的有效性,与传统算法相比可提升识别准确率4.3%以上。

基于大坝施工的水下地形可视域拓扑特征与数字孪生模型

为实现更加顺利、安全的大坝施工,考虑在施工中应用可视化技术,设计一种基于大坝施工的水下地形海量数据数字孪生空间映射模型,实现三维地形的可视化.通过单波束测深仪测量大坝水下地形,完成大坝水下地形海量数据的采集.应用基于空间异性的数据三维插值建模方法对采集数据实施插值处理.考虑拓扑关系,构建大坝水下地形可视域拓扑特征表示模型,给出大坝水下地形可视域的分布描述.依据构建的DEM模型与水下地形可视域的分布描述,构建纹理空间与景物空间之间的映射关系和三维地形图与景物空间之间的映射关系,根据映射关系搭建数字孪生空间映射模型.测试结果表明,该模型的形变程度低于3%,初始加载仅花费了7910ms,细节加载中仅花费了1500ms左右,整体加载时间较短.

高精地图道路交叉口拓扑连接问题的分析方法与实践

随着高精度地图数据在自动驾驶行业中的广泛应用,针对自动驾驶行业高精度地图道路交叉口在应用过程中存在拓扑连接的问题,本文结合自动驾驶项目,提出了一种基于不同道路场景特征快速发现道路交叉口拓扑连接问题的逻辑算法。采用道路交叉口内部连接算法,能较好地识别出道路交叉口各类遗漏连接的场景,实现了对大部分场景的有效识别和防护。基于几个城市地图数据的试验结果表明,本文的逻辑算法不仅可以快速有效地挖掘出道路交叉口内拓扑连接问题,还能提前识别出试验室仿真和实车测试因为拓扑连接问题造成的地图断点问题。研究结果可以应用到自动驾驶领域的地图质检、仿真、测试等工序内,减少了自动驾驶降级次数,提升了用户体验,对后续自动驾驶道路交叉路口技术改进和感知能力提升有一定的借鉴意义。

利用图模型存储算法依赖关系的方法

在大数据时代,用于数据处理的算法数量呈爆发式增长,当前对大量算法的管理方法通常是对算法分类、打标签或以任务为单位存储由算法构成的流程,对任务集合中的算法间拓扑关系未能给予足够的重视.随着领域知识与任务流程的积累,算法间的依赖关系愈发重要.本文基于巨量算法管理的需求,提出了拆分有分支依赖关系为无分支依赖关系的管理方法,通过免索引邻接图数据库的指针搜寻拓扑关系,避免Join操作,在管理算法依赖关系时具有先天优势.另外为突出算法模块复用能力,提出“连接点”的概念,在图模型中用节点表示依赖关系边,区分算法模块在不同任务流程的位置,使被多个任务复用的算法模块在图中只需用一个算法模块节点表示.最后,基于具体项目验证了本文提出的算法关系管理方法,证明本文算法关系管理方法在算法数量成规模且算法模块高复用的场景下具有明显优势.

基于拓扑关系图建筑物白模重建方法

新型基础测绘是对传统基础测绘的继承和发扬,要求开发基础地理信息系列新型产品。地理实体是新型基础测绘重要成果,而建筑物三维(3D)模型是重要的人工地理实体成果之一。如何快速、高效地构建建筑物3D模型,是推进地理实体制作的重要步骤之一。本文从建筑物白模重建视角入手,研究采用拓扑关系图的方法进行建筑物白模自动化构建。基于精细分类的建筑物激光点云,采用基于密度聚类的方法,识别单栋建筑物激光雷达脚点。使用新型法向量和曲率估计的区域生长方式,对建筑物点云进行分割。采用基于alpha-shape的方法实现对建筑物顶部轮廓提取,构建建筑物屋顶面片之间邻接关系图,进而提取平面相交的建筑物结构线,最终实现对建筑物白模重建的目的。

智能核电界面图符不同呈现方式对语义距离的影响研究

文章以核电界面图符为研究对象,采取李克特量表进行语义距离评价,探究图符整体方向、拓扑关系、外部轮廓具体性对其语义距离的影响。结果表明:核电界面中不同数据图符呈现方式对其语义距离影响不一,将0°图符左旋90°,图符语义距离不变;拓扑关系从相互连接变为上下分离,部分图符语义距离变长;而轮廓具体图符相对于轮廓抽象图符语义距离更短。从语义角度优化图符呈现方式,智能核电图符将实现更加直观、智能化的交互体验,提升核电运行效率和安全性。

分水江流域半分布式洪水预报实践

分水江属钱塘江水系,是钱塘江下游左岸最大支流,流域面积3444 km^(2),主流全长164.2 km。洪水预报将分水江流域划分成48个子流域单元,以半分布式新安江模型进行产汇流计算,通过分水江流域拓扑结构以马斯京根模型进行逐级演算,对分水江水库等4座大中型水库及10个重点预报断面进行洪水预报,并通过SCE-UA算法进行参数调优。在分布式洪水预报过程中,通过已率定断面的流域特征值及率定结果,采用多元回归法的参数移植方案,逐级演算后,分水江水库的44场洪水的合格率为100%,模拟误差均在许可误差内,确定性系数均在0.7以上,其中0.9以上19场,洪水预报方案满足乙级精度标准。

改进型CNN-LSTM深度学习神经网络的台区户变拓扑关系识别

针对电力台区内各种数据信息繁多复杂、数据处理能力滞后及用户利用率低下等问题,提出一种新型的台区户变拓扑关系识别方法。通过构建卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)和长短期记忆(long short-term memory,LSTM)神经网络模型,将台区内配电变压器的有功功率、无功功率、电压值、电流值和用户侧的多种用电数据信息转换为CNN-LSTM深度学习神经网络模型;并在CNN模型中融入LSTM模块,以将台区户变拓扑宏观数据关系转换为微观数据信息识别,大大提高台区户变拓扑关系识别和应用能力。通过设置CNN-LSTM深度学习神经网络不同的层次,计算台区户变拓扑关系。通过算例分析,大大提高了用户识别能力,为台区户变拓扑关系识别提供了技术思路。

Spatio-temporal Pattern Characteristics of Relationship Between Urbanization and Economic Development at County Level in China

The relationship between China’s urbanization and economic development(RCUED) is an important concern nationwide. As important actors in regional strategy and policy, county-level regions have played an increasingly significant role in the development of China’s social economy. However, the existing research on the RCUED lacks the fine depiction of the county-level administrative units.Using 2000 and 2010 census data and the statistical analysis method, we uncovered the evolution characteristics of China’s urbanization and economic development and conducted a quantitative identification for the RCUED with improved methods using the quadrant map approach. In addition, we investigated the spatial correlation effect of the RCUED using the spatial autocorrelation analysis method. The results were as follows: 1) In general, a high degree of matching exists between China’s urbanization and economic development at the county level at the significance level of 0.01. The correlation coefficients between China’s urbanization and economic development in2000 and 2010 were 0.608 and 0.603, respectively. 2) A significant regional difference exists in the RCUED at the county level. Based on a comparative analysis of 2276 county units in China in the two years, we found that county units can be categorized as under-urbanized, basic coordination and over-urbanized in various areas. No situation was observed where urbanization seriously lagged behind the economic development level, so the levels of urbanization and economic development appear to be basically coordinated,and the coordination state may be gradually optimized over time. 3) Over time, the spatial dependency of the RCUED has weakened and the spatial heterogeneity has increased. Northeast China has always been an area characterized by over-urbanization. The number of county units classified as under-urbanized has begun to decline in eastern coastal urban agglomeration areas, while counties rich in resources have transformed from having point-shaped over-urbanization to plane-shaped under-urbanization along the northern border,and the number of over-urbanized county units has increased in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. 4)’Lag-lag’ type and ’advance-advance’ type accounted for 68% of all counties in China, and these counties were shown to have obvious spatial differentiation characteristics.

Lagrangian-based spatial-temporal topological study on the evolution and migration of coherent structures in wall turbulence

In this work,we study the development,evolution,and migration of turbulent coherent structures in the turbulent boundary layer at Reτ=630 using time-resolved particle image velocimetry(TR-PIV).Multiple techniques,including multi-scale analysis,conditional averaging,cross-correlation,and spatial-temporal topological analysis are applied to extract the evolution principle,migration trajectory,and convection velocity vector of the targeted coherent structures from a Lagrangian perspective.The spanwise vortex structures with larger scale and intensity at a certain wall-normal height y were the main focus of the present study.In the statistical sense,spanwise vortex structures move away from the wall with the shape changing from a bulge to an ellipse,and finally to a circle.Two straight lines emerge from the mean transfer trajectory curve of the spanwise vortex,in which the horizontal one is located at the viscous sublayer(y^(+)<10),the other is a logarithmic straight line existing in the range of 50<y^(+)<120,and the inclination angle of the tangential migration path is fixed at around 12°.The streamwise convection velocity U_(c)of scaled spanwise vortex structures satisfies U_(c)/U_(∞)=0.5-0.6 below y=0.03δ(i.e.,U^(+)_(c)=11-13 undery^(+)=20).In particular,in the region of 50<y^(+)<120,the velocity growth curves of U_(c)and wall-normal convection velocity V_(c)follow the log-law distribution very well,and the slopes are consistent with that of the log-law region of the turbulent boundary layer.Our observations provide microscopic evidences of the logarithmic-linear distribution of the migration trajectory of spanwise vortex structures.