Analysis and prediction of glacier evolution trend(2020-2100)in Northern Xinjiang

Glaciers,as“solid reservoirs”,are precious resources in arid areas.The study of glaciers is of great significance to the sustainable development and management of agriculture and the economy in northern Xinjiang.The area of glacier distribution on the 1963 topographic map data,1975 MSS data,2000 ETM data,2008 CBERS-2 data,2014 and 2018 ETM+were collected as secondary data.According to the remote sensing survey,the glacier areas in Northern Xinjiang are identified during 1963-2018.Based on the evolution of glacier area in the past 55 years,and using two scenarios,the average annual decrease area of a region during the whole 1963-2018 and the period with the minimum reduction area,the glacier areas of Southern Tianshan Mountains,Western Tianshan Mountains,Eastern Tianshan Mountains,the Sawuer Mountains and Altai Mountains in Northern Xinjiang,and the whole northern Xinjiang in 2030,2040,2050,and 2100 are examined and predicted.In 2100,the glacier area in Northern Xinjiang may decrease by 43%-59%.

Research on the Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Driving Forces of Green Spaces in the Central Urban Area of Zunyi City

Green space,as a medium for carrying out urban functions and guiding urban development,is becoming a scarce resource along with the urbanization process and the intensification of environmental problems.In the face of the spatial mismatch between high demand and low supply,it is of great significance to clarify the evolution mechanism of green space to undertake national spatial planning,protect the natural strategic resources in the urban fringe area,and promote the sustainable development of the“three living spaces.”The study focuses on the Zunyi City Center,selecting the 20 years of rapid development following its establishment as a city as the study period.It explores the dynamic evolution of green space and the main driving forces during different periods using remote-sensing image data.The study shows that from 2003 to 2023,the total scale of green space has an obvious decreasing trend along with the expansion of the urban built-up area.A large amount of arable land is being converted to construction land,resulting in a sudden decrease in arable land area.In the past 10 years,the comprehensive land use dynamics have accelerated.Still,the spatial difference has gradually narrowed,indicating that the overall development intensity of Zunyi City’s central urban area has increased.There is a gradual spread of the trend to the hilly areas.The limiting effect of the mountainous natural environment on the city’s development has gradually diminished under the superposition of external factors,such as economic development,industrial technological upgrading,and policy orientation so the importance of the effective protection and rational utilization of urban green space has become more prominent.

Genome-wide Analysis of Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase(G6PDH) and Its Evolution in Eucalyptus grandsis

[Objective] The aim of this study was to perform genome-wide analysis of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase（G6PDH） and reveal its evolution in Eucalyptus grandsis.[Method] The gene character,protein sequence and phylogenetic tree of G6PDH gene were analyzed by BLAST and other bioinformatics software within Eucalyptus grandsis whole genome database.[Result] Six G6PDH genes,including one cytomic type and five plastids,were detected in the E.grandsis genome.All the G6PDHs have conserved motifs of motif 1,motif 2,motif 3,motif 7,motif 9 and motif 11.Furthermore,promoter sequences of all E.grandsis G6PDH contain TATA box,enhancer,light-responsive,hormone-responsive and stress-responsive regulatory elements.[Conclusion] This study provided reference for the further revealing molecular function of E.grandsis G6PDH gene family

Analysis of Pedigree and Trait Evolution of Peanut Varieties Registered in Fujian Province

In order to provide reference for the breeding of new peanut varieties and introduction of peanut cultivars in Fujian Province, the pedigree and trait evolution of 33 peanut varieties registered （certified, identified） during 1949-2011 in Fujian Province were analyzed. Results showed that, 45 parents were used as parents for peanut breeding, and 22 parents were originated from Fujian Province, 24 parents were registered varieties; Shitouqi, Yueyou 92, Shanyou 523, Quanhua No.10 and Quanhua 327 were milestone parents of peanut varieties in Fujian Province, and the phylogenetic relationship of varieties mainly came from Guangdong. Systematic se- lection was the main breeding method during 1951-1980 in Fujian Province, while crossbreeding became the main method of peanut breeding since 1991. With the variety update of peanuts, the yield levels were constantly increasing. The gradual increase of 100-pod weight and 100-kernel weight played an important role in the improvement of peanut yield. Fat content increased slightly with time, while protein content changed in contrast. Plant height was gradually decreased, and anti-lodging and fertilizer-tolerance capacity was improved, which were suitable for close planting. The total number of branches was decreased slightly, while the number of bearing branches barely changed.

Experimental investigation on failure process and spatio-temporal evolution of rockburst in granite with a prefabricated circular hole

To study the mechanism of rockburst and its spatio-temporal evolution criterion,a rockburst simulation experiment was performed on granite specimens,each with a prefabricated circular hole,under different lateral loads.Using micro camera,acoustic emission(AE)system,and infrared thermal imager,the AE characteristics and thermal radiation temperature migration were studied during the rockburst process.Then,the failure mode and damage evolution of the surrounding rock were analyzed.The results demonstrate that increasing the lateral load can first increase and then reduce the bearing capacity of the hole.In this experiment,the hole failure process could be divided into four periods:quiet,particle ejection,stability failure and collapse.Correspondingly,the AE signals evolved from a calm stage,to have intermittent appearance;then,they were continuous with a sudden increase,and finally increased dramatically.The failure of the surrounding rock was mainly tensile failure,while shear failure tended to first increase and then decrease.Meanwhile,damage to the hole increased gradually during the particle ejection period,whereas damage to the rockburst mainly occurred in the stability failure period.The thermal radiation temperature migration exhibited warming in shallow parts,inward expansion,cooling in the shallow parts with free surface heating,inward expansion,a sudden rise in temperature of the rockburst pits,and finally specimen failure.The initial reinforcement support should fully contribute to surface support.Furthermore,an appropriate tensile capacity and good energy absorption capacity should be established in support systems for high-stress roadways.

Visual analysis of the evolution and focus in landslide research field

This paper analysed the evolution of landslide research and research foci in different countries. The data comprise 3105 landslide SCI articles published between January 1977 and June 2015 from the Web of Science. The data are extracted under interaction constraints of the journal title, category, and keywords. The complex network method is used for the analysis. First, from the perspective of topics and methods, the evolution is systematically assessed by generating a co-citation network of the articles and a semantic cluster analysis. Second, from the perspective of topics and landsliderelated disasters, the focus in different countries is discussed by generating co-occurrence networks. These networks are the co-occurrence of the countries and keywords, and the co-occurrence of countries and landslide-related disaster phrases. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) landslide susceptibility analysis and methods of machine learning are popular research topics and methods, respectively. The topics change through time, and the article output is influenced by increasing landslide-related disasters, increasing economic losses and casualties, a desire for a more complete and accurate landslide inventory, and the use of effective methods, such as geographical information Science(GIS) and machine learning.(2) The research focus in each country is related with the country-specific disasters or economic costs caused by landslides to some degree. In addition to Italy and the USA, China is the country most commonly affected by landslides, and it should develop its own landslide database and complete in-depth studies of disaster mitigation.

Spatio-temporal Evolution of Marine Fishery Industry Ecosystem Vulnerability in the Bohai Rim Region

The building of the ocean power strategy and the implementation of the blue agriculture plan urgently need to strengthen the sustainable development of marine fishery.Taking vulnerability as the starting point, this paper constructs the vulnerability index system of marine fishery industry ecosystem from the aspects of sensitivity and response capacity, and combines the entropy method with the Topsis to comprehensively analyze the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of vulnerability of marine fishery industry ecosystem in the Bohai Rim Region from 2001 to 2015.The results show that: 1) In the time dimension, from 2001 to 2015, the vulnerability of the marine fishery industry ecosystem in the Bohai Rim Region shows a fluctuant and degressive trend;2) In the spatial dimension, the spatial distribution of the marine fishery industry ecosystem vulnerability in the Bohai Rim Region presents the gradient characteristics which shows high vulnerability in the east and low vulnerability in the west.According to the evolution track of the system’s vulnerability level, the vulnerability of the marine fishery industry ecosystem is divided into ‘declining’ and ‘stable’ types of evolutionary structures;3) The development of marine fishery in the Bohai Rim Region needs to be derived from the marine fishery’s ecological environment and the industrial development mode and structure, which can improve the marine environment remediation efforts, optimize the marine fishery industry structure, vigorously focus on pelagic fishery, and enhance the introduction of marine fishery’s science and technology talents, etc.Then, the marine fishery’s development in the Bohai Rim Region will be moving in the green, circular and sustainable direction.

Spatio-temporal evolution of ecologically-sustainable land use in China's Loess Plateau and detection of its influencing factors

Ecological land(Eco-land) is a basic resource for human beings to survive, and eco-land use is a strategy, a way to manage the land resource. So, ecologically-sustainable land use is essential for human beings to survive. This paper investigates the spatiotemporal characteristics and mechanisms of urban-rural eco-land using a new and innovative integration way based on eco-land change data in China's Loess Plateau(LP) prefecture level cities and explores factors of eco-land change. The spatial difference characteristic of eco-land among different level cities in the LP is that: small cities > big cities > middle cities. From 2009 to 2016, the eco-land in the LP from the perspective of urban-rural areas has changed significantly. Significant differences of urban-rural eco-land were identified among various urban growth types, and all the cities in the LP were further classified into four types based on eco-land change trend, with type A and B cities identified as the vital zone and major zone. Taking the eco-fragile region Loess Plateau(LP) as an example, our results demonstrated that the migrants to cities in LP could relieve ecological pressures and promote restoration of ecological vegetation. We have demonstrated that urbanization and the influence of government policy can be discerned through the quantification of the spatial-temporal change of eco-land and suggest that combining both urban and rural eco-land can support more effective land use decisions and provide theoretical basis for the practical application of urban planning, policy-making and sustainable development. What's more, governments should strive to population mobility and restore vegetation to sustain this fragile ecological environment.

Spatio-temporal Evolution and Driving Factors of the High-quality Development of Provincial Tourism in China

Accelerating the promotion of high-quality development of tourism(HQDT) is of great significance to the sustainable development of tourism. This paper defined the concept of HQDT, and then built an evaluation system for HQDT measurement to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of China’s HQDT based on provincial panel data from 2010 to 2019, using Geodetector to explore the similarities and differences between driving factors of HQDT and tourism development scale(TDS). The results show that:1) Taking the development concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing as the guidance, and considering the organic unity of quantity and quality, the evaluation index system of the HQDT consists of six dimensions of economic stability, innovation driving, coordination and linkage, green and sustainability, openness and cooperation, and sharing and harmony, which respectively represent the basis, momentum, means, orientation, direction and purpose of the HQDT;2) The level of China’s HQDT shows an upward trend, presenting the characteristics of eastern region > central region > western region > northeastern region in 2019. The regional differences in China’s HQDT show a downward trend, and the intra-regional differences have replaced the inter-regional differences as the main source of regional differences;3) China’s HQDT shows the characteristics of higher in the east and lower in the west along the Hu line, while the improvement speed of HQDT shows the characteristics of faster in the west and slower in the east, making the decline of east-west differentiation of China’s HQDT and the movement of the gravity center towards southwest;4) Both HQDT and TDS are obviously driven by tourism capital investment and regional consumption. In terms of differences, the HQDT is more driven by government guidance, innovation driving force, and opening up, while the main driving factors of TDS are more biased toward capital elements and hardware facilities, including informatization, tourism resource, traffic, and eco-environment.

Evolution Analysis About Soybean MIR166 Family

MicroRNA（miRNA） is a class of important regulating non-coding small molecular RNA. The gma-MIR166 gene family consists of 21 members and their expression patterns diversify widely. It is important to analyze the evolution of gma-MIR166 gene family in order to understand the evolutionary mechanisms of miRNAs in soybean. In this study, we implemented soybean wide genome block analysis, the molecular phylogeny of gma-MIR166 and block analysis of gma-MIR166 family. The results showed that both chromosome big segmental duplications and tandem duplications were main reasons contributed to the expanding of gmaMIR166 gene family. These findings suggested that gma-MIR166 gene family might originate from one or two ancient miRNA genes. The results of research provided a support for evolutionary study of miRNAs in soybean and related species in Fabaceae.

Gas monitoring data anomaly identification based on spatio-temporal correlativity analysis

Based on spatio-temporal correlativity analysis method, the automatic identification techniques for data anomaly monitoring of coal mining working face gas are presented. The asynchronous correlative characteristics of gas migration in working face airflow direction are qualitatively analyzed. The calculation method of asynchronous correlation delay step and the prediction and inversion formulas of gas concentration changing with time and space after gas emission in the air return roadway are provided. By calculating one hundred and fifty groups of gas sensors data series from a coal mine which have the theoretical correlativity, the correlative coefficient values range of eight kinds of data anomaly is obtained. Then the gas moni- toring data anomaly identification algorithm based on spatio-temporal correlativity analysis is accordingly presented. In order to improve the efficiency of analysis, the gas sensors code rules which can express the spatial topological relations are sug- gested. The experiments indicate that methods presented in this article can effectively compensate the defects of methods based on a single gas sensor monitoring data.

Functional Spectral Analysis of Paleoclimatic Evolution in Lanzhou Area over the Last 15 ka

In this paper, we make use of the functional spectral analysis to infer the periodicity of paleoclimate in the Hongzuisi section since about 15 ka. Through combined analysis of organic carbon isotope and CaCO\-3 content, the law of paleoclimatic evolution of the Hongzuisi section is obtained. There were climatic changes from 10 ka to about 0.1 ka over the last 15 ka. Among these cycles, the cycle of several ka is most remarkable. The result indicates that functional spectral analysis is helpful for paleoclimatic study, which can provide useful information about paleoclimatic reconstruction and future forecast.

Spatio-temporal Evolution Characteristics and Driving Mechanism of the New Infrastructure Construction Development Potential in China

With the advent of the era of big data and artificial intelligence, new infrastructure construction(NIC) has attracted the attention of many countries. The development of NIC provides an opportunity to bridge the digital divide and narrow the regional gap,providing continuous impetus to further promote economic development. Here, we considered 31 provincial-level administrative units in China(not including Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan of China due to data unavailable) and established comprehensive evaluation indicators for the development potential of NIC. Afterward, we used the entropy-weight TOPSIS model to determine the development potential of NIC and analyze its spatio-temporal evolution characteristics. Furthermore, the GeoDetector model was applied to explore the driving mechanism of the NIC development potential. The conclusions were as follows: (1) The Chinese NIC development potential is generally low. The eastern China was the region with the highest development potential year by year, while the development potential in the central China was found to be in an accelerating phase. (2) The evolution of the Chinese NIC development potential’s spatial pattern has been characterized by an inland extension and coastal agglomeration. Moreover, we identified a superior development zone, a rising development zone, an inferior development zone, and a declining development zone. (3) The scope of Chinese NIC development potential agglomeration areas has gradually expanded and its degree has gradually deepened. The range of high-value agglomeration in eastern area gradually expanded and its degree gradually deepened. (4) Investment in innovative talents appears as the core factor affecting the Chinese NIC development potential. Whether acting alone or synergistically with other factors, its promoting effect on Chinese NIC development potential is the strongest.

Modeling and Analysis of Production Logistics Spatio-Temporal Graph Network Driven by Digital Twin

In the process of logistics distribution of manufacturing enterprises, the automatic scheduling method based on the algorithm model has the advantages of accurate calculation and stable operation, but it excessively relies on the results of data calculation, ignores historical information and empirical data in the solving process, and has the bottleneck of low processing dimension and small processing scale. Therefore, in the digital twin(DT) system based on virtual and real fusion, a modeling and analysis method of production logistics spatio-temporal graph network model is proposed, considering the characteristics of road network topology and time-varying data. In the DT system, the temporal graph network model of the production logistics task is established and combined with the network topology, and the historical scheduling information about logistics elements is stored in the nodes. When the dynamic task arrives, a multi-stage links probability prediction method is adopted to predict the possibility of loading, driving, and other link relationships between task-related entity nodes at each stage. Several experiments are carried out, and the prediction accuracy of the digital twin-based temporal graph network(DTGN) model trained by historical scheduling information reaches 99.2% when the appropriate batch size is selected. Through logistics simulation experiments, the feasibility and the effectiveness of production logistics spatio-temporal graph network analysis methods based on historical scheduling information are verified.

Spectra analysis and O_2 evolution for TiO_2 photocatalyst compounded with indirect transition semiconductors

The photo absorbing, photo transmitting and photoluminescence performances of WiO2 photocatalysts compounded with V2O5 or WO3 were investigated by UV-Vis spectra, transmitting spectra, and PL spectra, respectively. The energy band structures of TiO2 photocatalysts were analyzed. The photocatalytic activities of the TiO2 photocatalysts were investigated by splitting of water for 02 evolution. The results indicate that the band gaps of WO3 and V205 are about 2.8 and 2.14 eV, respectively, and the band gap of rutile TiO2 is about 3.08 eV. Speeds of water splitting for 2%WO3-TiO2 and 8%V2O5-TiO2 photocatalysts are 420 and 110 μmol/（L.h）, respectively, under UV light irradiation. V2O5 and WO3 compounded with suitable concentration can improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 with Fe3＋ as electron acceptor.

ANALYSIS OF EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ASTASIA LONGA AND EUGLENA GRACILIS BY USING RAPD TECHNIQUE AND CLADISTIC ANALYSIS

Although both Astasia longa and Euglena gracilis belong to different genera, they share many morphological characters except that A. longa has no chloroplast. In the 1940’s, on the basis of the finding that in darkness or upon addition of some chemicals, E. gracilis would fade reversibly or irreversibly, some scholars hypothesised that A. longa evolved from E. gracilis by losing chloroplast. The authors’ use of RAPD and cladistic analyses in a study on the evolutionary relationship between A .longa and E. gracilis showed that the A. longa ’s relationship with E. gracilis was closer than that with other green euglenoids. This proves the hypothesis that A. longa evolved from E. gracilis is reasonable. The results of this study suggest that saprophytic colorless euglenoids were transformed from green euglenoids by losing their choroplasts.

An SAO-based approach to technology evolution analysis using patent information: Case study—graphene sensors

Purpose: This paper introduces an approach to technology evolution analysis using patent information based on Subject-Action-Object(SAO) structures.Design/methodology/approach: First, SAO structures were extracted from patent documents and were cleaned. Second, several dimension-reduction techniques were used to generate technology topics. Then, the hierarchical relationships between technology topics were calculated based on patent clustering. Finally, technology evolution maps were drawn by adding a timeline.Findings: This approach can reveal technology evolution processes from multiple perspectives than other approaches.Research limitations: The semantic annotation of an SAO type is not very accurate and the semantic types of technology topics need to be enriched.Practical implications: The approach can be applied to draw technology evolution maps using different types of technology topics such as problem or solution.Originality/value: This approach offers an analytical dimension and more details than existing techniques, and it helps identify fundamental and emerging technologies more accurately and comprehensively.

Steady Fault Characteristic Analysis of a Missile Power System Based on a Differential Evolution Algorithm

The differential evolution (DE) algorithm is applied to solving themodels''equations of a whole missile power system, and the steady fault characteristics of the wholesystem are analyzed. The DE algorithm is robust, requires few control variables, is easy to use andlends itself very well to parallel computation. Calculation results indicate that the DE algorithmsimulates faults of a missile power system very well.

Illustrative Application of the 2^nd-Order Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology to a Paradigm Linear Evolution/Transmission Model: Point-Detector Response

This work illustrates the application of the “Second Order Comprehensive Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology” (2nd-CASAM) to a mathematical model that can simulate the evolution and/or transmission of particles in a heterogeneous medium. The model response is the value of the model’s state function (particle concentration or particle flux) at a point in phase-space, which would simulate a pointwise measurement of the respective state function. This paradigm model admits exact closed-form expressions for all of the 1st- and 2nd-order response sensitivities to the model’s uncertain parameters and domain boundaries. These closed-form expressions can be used to verify the numerical results of production and/or commercial software, e.g., particle transport codes. Furthermore, this paradigm model comprises many uncertain parameters which have relative sensitivities of identical magnitudes. Therefore, this paradigm model could serve as a stringent benchmark for inter-comparing the performances of all deterministic and statistical sensitivity analysis methods, including the 2nd-CASAM.

Illustrative Application of the 2^nd-Order Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology to a Paradigm Linear Evolution/Transmission Model: Reaction-Rate Detector Response

This work continues the illustrative application of the “Second Order Comprehensive Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology” (2nd-CASAM) to a benchmark mathematical model that can simulate the evolution and/or transmission of particles in a heterogeneous medium. The model response considered in this work is a reaction-rate detector response, which provides the average interactions of particles with the respective detector or, alternatively, the time-average of the concentration of a mixture of substances in a medium. The definition of this model response includes both uncertain boundary points of the benchmark, thereby providing both direct and indirect contributions to the response sensitivities stemming from the boundaries. The exact expressions for the 1st- and 2nd-order response sensitivities to the boundary and model parameters obtained in this work can serve as stringent benchmarks for inter-comparing the performances of all (deterministic and statistical) sensitivity analysis methods.