Research status and hotspots of tight junctions and colorectal cancer:A bibliometric and visualization analysis

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death.Over the past two decades,numerous researchers have provided important evidence regarding the role of tight junction(TJ)proteins in the occurrence and progression of CRC.The causal relationship between the presence of specific TJ proteins and the development of CRC has also been confirmed.Despite the large number of publications in this field,a bibliometric study to review the current state of research and highlight the research trends and hotspots in this field has not yet been performed.AIM To analyze research on TJs and CRC,summarize the field’s history and current status,and predict future research directions.METHODS We searched the Science Citation Index Expanded database for all literature on CRC and TJs from 2001-2023.We used bibliometrics to analyze the data of these papers,such as the authors,countries,institutions,and references.Co-authorship,co-citation,and co-occurrence analyses were the main methods of analysis.CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to visualize the results.RESULTS A total of 205 studies were ultimately identified.The number of publications on this topic has steadily increased since 2007.China and the United States have made the largest contributions to this field.Anticancer Research was the most prolific journal,publishing 8 articles,while the journal Oncogene had the highest average citation rate(68.33).Professor Dhawan P was the most prolific and cited author in this field.Co-occurrence analysis of keywords revealed that“tight junction protein expression”,“colorectal cancer”,“intestinal microbiota”,and“inflammatory bowel disease”had the highest frequency of occurrence,revealing the research hotspots and trends in this field.CONCLUSION This bibliometric analysis evaluated the scope and trends of TJ proteins in CRC,providing valuable research perspectives and future directions for studying the connection between the two.It is recommended to focus on emerging research hotspots,such as the correlations among intestinal microbiota,inflammatory bowel disease,TJ protein expression,and CRC.

An insight on the mechanism of efficient leaching of vanadium from vanadium shale induced by microwave-generated hot spots

Microwave heating can rapidly and uniformly raise the temperature and accelerate the reaction rate.In this paper,microwave heating was used to improve the acid leaching,and the mechanism was investigated via microscopic morphology analysis and numerical simulation by COMSOL Multiphysics software.The effects of the microwave power,leaching temperature,CaF_(2) dosage,H_(2)SO_(4) concentration,and leaching time on the vanadium recovery were investigated.A vanadium recovery of 80.66%is obtained at a microwave power of 550 W,leaching temperature of 95℃,CaF_(2) dosage of 5wt%,H_(2)SO_(4) concentration of 20vol%,and leaching time of 2.5 h.Compared with conventional leaching technology,the vanadium recovery increases by 6.18%,and the leaching time shortens by 79.17%.More obvious pulverization of shale particles and delamination of mica minerals happen in the microwave-assisted leaching process.Numerical simulation results show that the temperature of vanadium shales increases with an increase in electric field(E-field).The distributions of E-field and temperature among vanadium shale particles are relatively uniform,except for the higher content at the contact position of the particles.The analysis results of scaleup experiments and leaching experiments indicate high-temperature hot spots in the process of microwave-assisted leaching,and the local high temperature destroys the mineral structure and accelerates the reaction rate.

Hotshots of Spatio-temporal Behavior of Chinese Residents in the Context of Big Data:Visual Analysis Based on CiteSpace

By using CiteSpace software to create a knowledge map of authors,institutions and keywords,the literature on the spatio-temporal behavior of Chinese residents based on big data in the architectural planning discipline published in the China Academic Network Publishing Database(CNKI)was analyzed and discussed.It is found that there was a lack of communication and cooperation among research institutions and scholars;the research hotspots involved four main areas,including“application in tourism research”,“application in traffic travel research”,“application in work-housing relationship research”,and“application in personal family life research”.

一种消除hot spot现象的LED背光设计

随着高亮度LED晶片、导光板成型技术、光学薄膜(反射膜、散射膜、增亮膜)等制作技术的发展,加上不断创新的LED背光模组光学系统设计,以及LED背光市场的巨大需求,大大推动了LED背光技术水平不断向前发展。这里设计了一种消除hot spot现象的背光设计。结果可知:达到设计效果的改进关键仅是在导光板的入光面上贴上一条有微棱镜结构的膜片,从而使入射至导光板的光束角度变大,达到良好的均匀光效果。让增加相邻LED间距而不出现hot spot现象成为可能,这一研究对于消除hot spot所带来的均匀性过差问题具有一定的意义。

SYSTEMATIC AND DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF CASTING HOT SPOT

The variation of casting hot spot with proceeding of solidification andcomponents of casting-mold system is studied by the technique of numerical simulation ofsolidification. The result shows that the thickest part of casting is not exactly the last part ofsolidification in the casting, while the last part of solidification is not exactly casting hot spotat the early stage of solidification. The location, size, shape and number of casting hot spotchange with geomitric, physical and technological factors of the casting-mold system such asthickness of the casting secondary wall and with the passage of time in the course of thesolidification. The former is known as the systematic property of hot spot and the latter, dynamicproperty. Only when the properties of hot spot are grasped completely and accurately, can it be fedmore effectively. By doing so, not only sound castings can be obtained, but also riser efficiencycan be improved.

Detection of spatial hot spots and variation for the neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii resources in the northwest Pacific Ocean

With the increasing effects of global climate change and fishing activities,the spatial distribution of the neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii) is changing in the traditional fishing ground of 150°-160°E and 38°-45°N in the northwest Pacific Ocean.This research aims to identify the spatial hot and cold spots(i.e.spatial clusters) of O.bartramii to reveal its spatial structure using commercial fishery data from2007 to 2010 collected by Chinese mainland squid-j igging fleets.A relatively strongly-clustered distribution for O.bartramii was observed using an exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA) method.The results show two hot spots and one cold spot in 2007 while only one hot and one cold spots were identified each year from2008 to 2010.The hot and cold spots in 2007 occupied 8.2%and 5.6%of the study area,respectively;these percentages for hot and cold spot areas were 5.8%and 3.1%in 2008,10.2%and 2.9%in 2009,and 16.4%and 11.9%in 2010,respectively.Nearly half(>45%) of the squid from 2007 to 2009 reported by Chinese fleets were caught in hot spot areas while this percentage reached its peak at 68.8%in 2010,indicating that the hot spot areas are central fishing grounds.A further change analysis shows the area centered at156°E/43.5°N was persistent as a hot spot over the whole period from 2007 to 2010.Furthermore,the hot spots were mainly identified in areas with sea surface temperature(SST) in the range of 15-20℃ around warm Kuroshio Currents as well as with the chlorophyll-a(chl-a) concentration above 0.3 mg/m^3.The outcome of this research improves our understanding of spatiotemporal hotspots and its variation for O.bartramii and is useful for sustainable exploitation,assessment,and management of this squid.

The Hot Spots in Cereal Rusts and Powdery Mildew Research

Cereal crops, including wheat, barley, oats, rye, etc., are the major sources of calories and proteins for most of the people in the world as well as in China. Cereal rusts and powdery mildews are very important diseases occurred on the cereal crops, which caused yield losses at 5-10% in general and even more than 30% while severe epidemics occurred. In recent years, with the global climate change, change of cultivation system and evolution of the pathogens, the world is facing great challenges caused by cereal diseases.

改善侧导光LED背光Hot Spot现象的导光板设计

就改善侧导光LED背光Hot Spot现象,文章提出了一种解决办法:在导光板入光侧对应LED的位置进行处理,让其形成一个非球面的凹面,可以使LED发出的光发散,从而减轻或消除Hot Spot现象。

Study on the resistance spot welding technology of 22MnMoB hot stamping quenched steel

In this paper, the spot welding technology of a new kind of 22MnMoB hot stamping quenched steel sheet was systematically studied by power frequency spot welder. Through a series of technology and test experiments, we have obtained the optimal spot welding technological parameter condition. According to the results, the relations among spot welding technological parameter, welding nugget, mechanical property and fracture mode were discussed. The effects of all the welding parameters such as welding current, welding time and electrode force on the quality of joint can be boiled down to one thing--the diameter of welding nugget. The experimental results showed that welding nugget diameter determines the mechanical property of spot welding joint and the relation between welding nugget diameter and the mechanical property of joint presents a kind of linear mathematic representation. There are two typical fracture models of 22MnMoB hot stamping quenched steel sheet, i.e., interracial fracture and nugget pullout. Other than mild steel or normal high strength steel, in the shearing tensile test, hot stamping quenched steel has a great tendency to fail in interfacial mode due to the effects of high strength matrix structure, welding soft zone and the porosity level of fusion zone.

Regional Variability of Climate Change Hot-Spots in East Asia

The regional climate change index （RCCI） is employed to investigate hot-spots under 21st century global warming over East Asia. The RCCI is calculated on a 1-degree resolution grid from the ensemble of CMIP3 simulations for the B1, AIB, and A2 IPCC emission scenarios. The RCCI over East Asia exhibits marked sub-regional variability. Five sub-regional hot-spots are identified over the area of investigation： three in the northern regions （Northeast China, Mongolia, and Northwest China）, one in eastern China, and one over the Tibetan Plateau. Contributions from different factors to the RCCI are discussed for the sub-regions. Analysis of the temporal evolution of the hot-spots throughout the 21st century shows different speeds of response time to global warming for the different sub-regions. Hot-spots firstly emerge in Northwest China and Mongolia. The Northeast China hot-spot becomes evident by the mid of the 21st century and it is the most prominent by the end of the century. While hot-spots are generally evident in all the 5 sub-regions for the A1B and A2 scenarios, only the Tibetan Plateau and Northwest China hot-spots emerge in the B1 scenario, which has the lowest greenhouse gas （GHG） concentrations. Our analysis indicates that subregional hot-spots show a rather complex spatial and temporal dependency on the GHG concentration and on the different factors contributing to the RCCI.

Hot Spot in Materials with Structural Defects under High Shear Loading Rates

The response of three-dimensional sample of Al, containing vacancy complex, under shear loading was simulated. The molecular dynamics method was used and interaction between atoms was described on the base of pseudopotential theory Solitary waves were generated in the sample under mechanical loading. Their interaction with the vacancy complexes was shown to be able to initiate hot spot in that local region of the complexes. Some parameters of the hot spot as well as solitary waves were calculated. The initiation of the hot spot is accompanied with sufficient local structural relaxation.

HOT SPOT RELIEF WITH EMBEDDED BEAM FOR CDMA SYSTEMS IN HAPS

This paper proposes a novel micro/macro beam coverage scheme used in High Altitude Platform System (HAPS) Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems. A relief of traffic burden in hot spot areas is achieved by embedding micro-beams into the macro-beams at the hot spot locations, together with appropriate power ratio control and user ratio control. The simulation results show that the hot spot problem can be relieved efficiently with the presented configuration, and a higher and more stable system capacity is expectable despite the variation of user distribution.

THE GEOTHERMAL PULSE OF HOT-SPOT AND ITS DISPERSION PROCESS OVER CHINA-INDIA-BURMA AND CHANGE OF SHORT-TERM CLIMATE

The great gorge of Yarlung Zangbo river is a hot\|spot over earth has been proved by the gravity, geomagnetic, geological, geothermal heat and atmospheric data. Some substances often surge from mantle to the earth surface, which process is not constant and has obvious pulse, characterized by ground temperature over hot\|spot region where is a apparent positive relation in correlation map of the variations of Zedang’s temperature (at 3 2m) in stations over China from 1965 to 1992. It can bring more precipitation here. Out of from the hot spot, there are positive and negative axes around the hot\|spot and to arrange in circular waves with same distance. The average distant of the axes is about 820km, which prove the pulse propagation would infect the distribution of summer precipitation in China. In the hot\|spot region, the geothermal heat pulse propagation has preference direction. So, it has obvious contribution for summer precipitation in South Ch ina.

Analysis of causes and influence factors of small black spot defects in hot-dip galvanized pure Zn products

In this study,the factors affecting the formation of small black spot defects on the surface of a hot-dip galvanized pure zinc strip are analyzed. These defects are primarily formed w hen the iron-aluminum inhibition layer is incompletely formed or fails to form or when foreign matter adheres to the surface or embeds in the zinc layer.The defects can be reduced by controlling the cleanliness and activity of the strip base before coating,regulating the zinc pot process parameters,and ensuring the cleanliness of the passline and workshop.

STUDY ON LOCATION OF HOT SPOT AT TUBE WALL FOR FIRED CYLINDRICAL FURNACE COMBUSTION

Based on the analysis of heat radiation intensity from flame, a new mathematical model ofthe tube-wall temperatmp of heated tubes is developed by taking down-fired, upright-tube cylindricalfurnace for example. The proposed mathematical model can be employed to indicate both the positionand size of the hot spot at fire-facing wall of heated tube of combustion chamber, and is characteristicof simplicity and efficiency If coupled with thermoelectric couple or infrared viewer, the presentedlocation method of combustion hot spot can offer engineers very valuable proposal to keep furnacerunning more safely The same is true for any other type of tubular furnaces.

Health Hot Spots: Mapping Hospital Costs and Social Determinants of Health

Accountable care organizations (ACOs) and hospitals are facing additional requirements and financial rewards for improving population health. Therefore, ACOs and hospitals will need tools to understand the relationship between their patients and social determinants and health. We demonstrate the use of hot spotting for identifying geographical sources of high hospital costs and examining links between social determinants of health and these high-cost areas, known as hot spots. In 2012, using hospital data, we generated maps of inpatient costs from 2011 throughout New Haven and within an example neighborhood, Dixwell. We defined hot spots as addresses where costs were in the top 25%. We also overlaid data on concerns and assets in the community. Finally, we calculated the number of concerns and assets that fall within the 250 and 500 ft radii of the defined hot spots. We found that 34 addresses in Dixwell accounted for 70% of total costs for Dixwell. Hot spotting is a straightforward, approachable, and easily understood method for ACOs and hospitals to begin to address population health.

The ”Hot Spots” Conjecture on Homogeneous Hierarchical Gaskets

In this paper, using spectral decimation, we prove that the "hot spots" conjecture holds on a class of homogeneous hierarchical gaskets introduced by Hambly,i.e., every eigenfunction of the second-smallest eigenvalue of the Neumann Laplacian(introduced by Kigami) attains its maximum and minimum on the boundary.

A Novel Approach in Identification of Urban Hot Spot Using Geospatial Technology: A Case Study in Kamrup Metro District of Assam

Urbanization in recent years plays an important role in increase in impervious areas with reducing in vegetation cover and pervious areas of natural landscape. This leads to a rise in temperature of urban areas, by several degrees particularly at night [1,2]. A novel geospatial approach has been adopted to determine the maximum temperature areas (hot spots) over Kamrup Metro District of Assam, which is a gateway for seven neighboring north eastern states of India. The G statistics have been calculated for detecting the presence of hot spot or cold spot over the entire study area which is a new approach in urban heat island studies. The resultant z-scores and p-values show the pixels with either high or low values cluster spatially. For statistically significant positive z-scores, the larger the z-score is, the more intense the clustering of high values (hot spot) and vice versa. Land Surface Temperature (LST) anomaly values and percentage of Impervious Surface Area (ISA) along with climatic data are used to conform the hot spot location. It is one of the densely populated areas with more commercial pockets thereby giving rise to anthropogenic heat discharge which accelerates the heat island phenomenon. Incorporation of socio-economic survey data as well as certain biophysical parameters can be used to know about the cause and future impact of urbanization.

Favorable Reproducibility of Ki-67-Labeling Index between Core Needle Biopsy and Surgical Materials in Mammary Carcinoma: Reproducibility Influenced by Hot Spots, a High Ki-67 Labeling Index, and the Total Length of Biopsy Material

Aims: The reproducibility of Ki-67 between core-needle biopsies and surgical materials has not been well documented in the literature, although the concordance affects the utility of the Ki-67 labeling index based on the core-needle biopsy materials, which indicates the need for preoperative chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to reveal the reproducibility of Ki-67 between both materials and the cause of discrepancies. Methods and Results: We analyzed 137 cases of invasive carcinoma of the breast and the compared Ki-67-labeling index between core-needle biopsy and surgical materials. The Ki-67-labeling index of biopsy and surgical specimens ranged from 1% to 85% (median: 13%) and 1% to 80% (median: 12%), respectively. The discrepancy of Ki-67-labeling ranged from 0% to 55% (median: 4%) and could be calculated by the tumor size, hot spots of surgical materials, a high Ki-67-labeling index based on the core-needle biopsy materials, and the total length of core needles, respectively. Conclusions: The concordance rate of the Ki-67-labeling index between core-needle biopsies and surgical materials was favorable, so we can use each Ki-67-labeling index of core-needle biopsies as a marker for preoperative chemotherapy. Factors affecting the index discrepancy were hot spots, a high Ki-67-labeling index, and the total length of biopsy material. Judgements on the subtypes and clinical procedures of invasive breast carcinoma could be made comprehensively based on not only the Ki-67-labeling index but also the existence of hot spots and histological grade.

Scalable and Accessible Crash Hot Spot Detection for Traffic Law Enforcement

Law enforcement agencies have begun utilizing traffic and crash data to improve traffic law enforcement delivery. However, many agencies often do not have the resources or expertise to harness fully the benefits this data offers. A free to use, scalable traffic crash hot spot detection tool was developed to aid law enforcement agency decision makers, statewide to the local municipality level. The tool was developed to identify crash hot spots algorithmically with a range of customizable parameters based on location, date and time, and crash factors, enabling quick, dynamic queries. These capabilities provide the ability for law enforcement agencies to conduct “what if” analyses and make data-driven allocation decisions, placing officer resources where they are most needed. The two-step algorithm first identifies potential hot spots based on crash density and then ranks each hot spot using a standardized z-score measure of relative significance. To test the viability of the tool, a pilot was conducted identifying 27 hot spots across Wisconsin where targeted enforcement was then deployed. Despite officer skepticism, results from the pilot found officers at sites targeted for speeding and seatbelt violations were nearly twice as likely to initiate traffic stops compared to non-targeted hot spots. Empirical Bayes before-and-after crash analyses found fatal and injury crashes reduced significantly by nearly 11% during the months with targeted enforcement, while property damage crashes and total crashes were unchanged. Overall, the results show the algorithm can identify hotspots where, coupled with targeted enforcement, traffic safety improvements can be made.