The fifth generation(5G)network communication systems operate in the millimeter waves and are expected to provide a much higher data rate in the multi-gigabit range,which is impossible to achieve using current wireles...The fifth generation(5G)network communication systems operate in the millimeter waves and are expected to provide a much higher data rate in the multi-gigabit range,which is impossible to achieve using current wireless services,including the sub-6 GHz band.In this work,we briefly review several existing designs of millimeter-wave phased arrays for 5G applications,beginning with the low-profile antenna array designs that either are fixed beam or scan the beam only in one plane.We then move on to array systems that offer two-dimensional(2D)scan capability,which is highly desirable for a majority of 5G applications.Next,in the main body of the paper,we discuss two different strategies for designing scanning arrays,both of which circumvent the use of conventional phase shifters to achieve beam scanning.We note that it is highly desirable to search for alternatives to conventional phase shifters in the millimeter-wave range because legacy phase shifters are both lossy and costly;furthermore,alternatives such as active phase shifters,which include radio frequency amplifiers,are both expensive and power-hungry.Given this backdrop,we propose two different antenna systems with potential for the desired 2D scan performance in the millimeter-wave range.The first of these is a Luneburg lens,which is excited either by a 2D waveguide array or by a microstrip patch antenna array to realize 2D scan capability.Next,for second design,we turn to phased-array designs in which the conventional phase shifter is replaced by switchable PIN diodes or varactor diodes,inserted between radiating slots in a waveguide to provide the desired phase shifts for scanning.Finally,we discuss several approaches to enhance the gain of the array by modifying the conventional array configurations.We describe novel techniques for realizing both one-dimensional(1D)and 2D scans by using a reconfigurable metasurface type of panels.展开更多
针对目前龙伯透镜在工程应用中材料发展不成熟、质量大等问题,提出了一种质量小、性能优异的新型异形龙伯透镜天线。首先基于准保角变换法对低介电常数龙伯透镜进行压缩得到了一款高介电常数椭圆龙伯透镜,然后采用球形与椭球的特殊组合...针对目前龙伯透镜在工程应用中材料发展不成熟、质量大等问题,提出了一种质量小、性能优异的新型异形龙伯透镜天线。首先基于准保角变换法对低介电常数龙伯透镜进行压缩得到了一款高介电常数椭圆龙伯透镜,然后采用球形与椭球的特殊组合结构,得到了一款工作于X波段的高介电常数异形龙伯透镜天线。最后,利用聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)和钛酸锶(Sr TiO3)陶瓷粉体混合而成的聚合物-陶瓷复合材料制备了该透镜,将制备好的聚合物-陶瓷复合材料注入3D打印的模具中来说明异形龙伯透镜的制作过程。测试结果表明,所制作的透镜天线在8.5 GHz、10 GHz、12 GHz时的最大增益值分别为20.8 d Bi、22.4 d Bi、22.6 d Bi,旁瓣电平均低于-19 d B,方位面上3 d B波束宽度小于9.8°。所提出的异形龙伯透镜具有质量轻、材料制备过程简单、制作周期短且在低温下即可无缝成型的优良特点。展开更多
龙伯透镜天线具有高增益、低副瓣和宽带特性,可以实现多波束,进行大角度扫描等优点,主要应用于卫星通信、电子对抗等领域。但因其体积大、重量大和球形结构不易固定等缺点,在实际应用中受到很大的限制。本文基于光学变换原理设计了一种...龙伯透镜天线具有高增益、低副瓣和宽带特性,可以实现多波束,进行大角度扫描等优点,主要应用于卫星通信、电子对抗等领域。但因其体积大、重量大和球形结构不易固定等缺点,在实际应用中受到很大的限制。本文基于光学变换原理设计了一种新型的全介质平面龙伯透镜天线,半径为60 mm,厚度为20 mm,在15 GHz时,天线增益为23 d B,半功率波束宽度为12°,第一副瓣电平低于-23 d B。同时设计了平面和圆弧馈源阵列,在70°范围内实现了较好的多波束覆盖。展开更多
文摘The fifth generation(5G)network communication systems operate in the millimeter waves and are expected to provide a much higher data rate in the multi-gigabit range,which is impossible to achieve using current wireless services,including the sub-6 GHz band.In this work,we briefly review several existing designs of millimeter-wave phased arrays for 5G applications,beginning with the low-profile antenna array designs that either are fixed beam or scan the beam only in one plane.We then move on to array systems that offer two-dimensional(2D)scan capability,which is highly desirable for a majority of 5G applications.Next,in the main body of the paper,we discuss two different strategies for designing scanning arrays,both of which circumvent the use of conventional phase shifters to achieve beam scanning.We note that it is highly desirable to search for alternatives to conventional phase shifters in the millimeter-wave range because legacy phase shifters are both lossy and costly;furthermore,alternatives such as active phase shifters,which include radio frequency amplifiers,are both expensive and power-hungry.Given this backdrop,we propose two different antenna systems with potential for the desired 2D scan performance in the millimeter-wave range.The first of these is a Luneburg lens,which is excited either by a 2D waveguide array or by a microstrip patch antenna array to realize 2D scan capability.Next,for second design,we turn to phased-array designs in which the conventional phase shifter is replaced by switchable PIN diodes or varactor diodes,inserted between radiating slots in a waveguide to provide the desired phase shifts for scanning.Finally,we discuss several approaches to enhance the gain of the array by modifying the conventional array configurations.We describe novel techniques for realizing both one-dimensional(1D)and 2D scans by using a reconfigurable metasurface type of panels.
文摘针对目前龙伯透镜在工程应用中材料发展不成熟、质量大等问题,提出了一种质量小、性能优异的新型异形龙伯透镜天线。首先基于准保角变换法对低介电常数龙伯透镜进行压缩得到了一款高介电常数椭圆龙伯透镜,然后采用球形与椭球的特殊组合结构,得到了一款工作于X波段的高介电常数异形龙伯透镜天线。最后,利用聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)和钛酸锶(Sr TiO3)陶瓷粉体混合而成的聚合物-陶瓷复合材料制备了该透镜,将制备好的聚合物-陶瓷复合材料注入3D打印的模具中来说明异形龙伯透镜的制作过程。测试结果表明,所制作的透镜天线在8.5 GHz、10 GHz、12 GHz时的最大增益值分别为20.8 d Bi、22.4 d Bi、22.6 d Bi,旁瓣电平均低于-19 d B,方位面上3 d B波束宽度小于9.8°。所提出的异形龙伯透镜具有质量轻、材料制备过程简单、制作周期短且在低温下即可无缝成型的优良特点。
文摘龙伯透镜天线具有高增益、低副瓣和宽带特性,可以实现多波束,进行大角度扫描等优点,主要应用于卫星通信、电子对抗等领域。但因其体积大、重量大和球形结构不易固定等缺点,在实际应用中受到很大的限制。本文基于光学变换原理设计了一种新型的全介质平面龙伯透镜天线,半径为60 mm,厚度为20 mm,在15 GHz时,天线增益为23 d B,半功率波束宽度为12°,第一副瓣电平低于-23 d B。同时设计了平面和圆弧馈源阵列,在70°范围内实现了较好的多波束覆盖。
