Impact of a Nurse-Led Chronic Disease Management Intervention Model on Quality of Care and Satisfaction of Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Objective:To explore the impact of a nurse-led chronic disease management model on the quality of care and satisfaction of maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods:72 patients who received maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)from June 2021 to March 2022 were selected to undergo the nurse-led chronic disease management model.The hemodialysis indexes,nutritional status,and the occurrence of adverse events were assessed after 24 weeks of the intervention,and patients’satisfaction was investigated and analyzed.Results:Comparing pre-intervention and after 24 weeks of intervention,urea reduction rate and urea clearance were improved but not statistically different(P>0.05),butβ2-microglobulin was significantly reduced compared with pre-intervention(P<0.05);after 24 weeks of intervention,the effect of decreasing blood calcium,parathyroid hormone,and potassium levels was not obvious(P>0.05),and the level of blood phosphorus decreased significantly compared with pre-intervention(P<0.01),albumin and hemoglobin levels were increased and better than before intervention(P<0.05);after 24 weeks of intervention,the incidence of intradialytic hypotension and hypertension was lower than before intervention(P<0.05),and the total incidence of complications was significantly lower than before intervention(P<0.01);there was no significant difference in the Self-Depression Scale scores after 24 weeks of intervention(P>0.05),and Self-Anxiety Scale scores were significantly lower and better than before intervention(P<0.01).Patient satisfaction was greatly improved,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion:The chronic disease management intervention model led by specialized nurses is conducive to improving the psychological state and nutritional status of dialysis patients,enhancing the adequacy of dialysis for patients,reducing the incidence of related complications,and ultimately achieving the purpose of improving the quality of life of patients,which has significant clinical value.

Pancreatic surgery and tertiary pancreatitis services warrant provision for support from a specialist diabetes team

Pancreatic surgery units undertake several complex operations,albeit with consi-derable morbidity and mortality,as is the case for the management of complicated acute pancreatitis or chronic pancreatitis.The centralisation of pancreatic surgery services,with the development of designated large-volume centres,has contribu-ted to significantly improved outcomes.In this editorial,we discuss the complex associations between diabetes mellitus(DM)and pancreatic/periampullary disease in the context of pancreatic surgery and overall management of complex pancreatitis,highlighting the consequential needs and the indispensable role of specialist diabetes teams in support of tertiary pancreatic services.Type 3c pan-creatogenic DM,refers to DM developing in the setting of exocrine pancreatic disease,and its identification and management can be challenging,while the glycaemic control of such patients may affect their course of treatment and outcome.Adequate preoperative diabetes assessment is warranted to aid identification of patients who are likely to need commencement or escalation of glucose lowering therapy in the postoperative period.The incidence of new onset diabetes after pancreatic resection is widely variable in the literature,and depends on the type and extent of pancreatic resection,as is the case with pancreatic parenchymal loss in the context of severe pancreatitis.Early involvement of a specialist diabetes team is essential to ensure a holistic management.In the current era,large volume pancreatic surgery services commonly abide by the principles of enhanced recovery after surgery,with inclusion of provisions for optimisation of the perioperative glycaemic control,to improve outcomes.While various guidelines are available to aid perioperative management of DM,auditing and quality improvement platforms have highlighted deficiencies in the perioperative management of diabetic patients and areas of required improvement.The need for perioperative support of diabetic patients by specialist diabetes teams is uniformly underlined,a fact that becomes clearly more prominent at all different stages in the setting of pancreatic surgery and the management of complex pancreatitis.Therefore,pancreatic surgery and tertiary pancreatitis services must be designed with a provision for support from specialist diabetes teams.With the ongoing accumulation of evidence,it would be reasonable to consider the design of specific guidelines for the glycaemic management of these patients.

Application and Promotion of Whole-Process Capacity Management Model for CHF Patients Led by Specialist Nurses in “Heart Failure Center Alliance Unit”

Objective: To implement the whole-process capacity management model led by specialist nurses, improve the capacity management behavior of medical staff, and build a standardized, standardized and operable CHF capacity management system. Methods: According to the evidence pyramid principle and search strategy, 2 evidence-based nursing backbone completed literature search in both Chinese and English, and finally included 7 literatures. Results: Around the three key links of capacity assessment, monitoring and management, stakeholders were invited to evaluate each evidence according to the FAME principle, that is, the feasibility, suitability, effectiveness and clinical significance of evidence. Finally, 11 best evidences were obtained and 5 clinical review indicators of the cost project were transformed. This study formulated the competence management plan for CHF patients based on the current situation, established competence load evaluation criteria for CHF patients, and determined the target “dry weight” value for CHF patients. Conclusion: The whole-course volume management model of CHF patients guided by specialist nurses should be established and applied and promoted in the “heart failure Center Alliance unit”, so as to improve the capacity management ability of medical staff for CHF patients, enhance the self-management ability of CHF patients, improve the capacity management behavior and health outcomes, and effectively reduce the hospitalization rate and mortality rate of CHF patients in the region.

A nurse-led long-term pelvic floor muscle training program in the management of female patients with overactive bladder e A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background:Previous research has suggested that pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT)offers a therapeutic benefit in patients with overactive bladder.Methods:Weconducted a single-blind,randomized trial of pelvic floor muscle training(PFMT)as compared with usual care.The intervention group(n=54)received a 6-month a nurse-led long-term pelvic floor muscle training program(three sessions a day,15e20 times per session)and the control group(n?53)received usual care.All patients received 3-month solifenacin succinate tablets(5 mg e once daily).The treatment outcomes were measured by the Modified Oxford Scale(MOS),Overactive Bladder SymptomScore(OABSS)and the King's Health Questionnaire(KHQ)at baseline,3 months and 6 months respectively.Results:Of the 91 randomly assigned patients,46 patients in the PFMT group and 45 patients in the control group completed the trial.The trial revealed statistically significant differences between groups in pelvic muscle strength at 3 months following the intervention(p<0.05),but no significant difference was found between two groups in OABSS scores(p>0.05).In regards to quality of life,the experimental group showed significant improvements compared to the control group on 6 of 10 domains(p<0.05).At 6 months,there were significant improvements in OABSS scores and quality of life in the experimental group compared to the control group(p<0.05).No adverse events were observed.Conclusion:A nurse-led long-term(6 months)pelvic floor muscle training program may alleviate OAB symptoms effectively and improve the quality of life more than a short term(3 months)pelvic floor muscle training program combined with solifenacin succinate tablets.

Essentials of Nursing Care in Randomized Controlled Trials of Nurse-Led Interventions in Somatic Care: A Systematic Review

Background: Nursing practice has to contribute to evidence pointing out why there is a need for more nurse-designed randomized control trials (RCTs) focusing on evidence-based practice (EBP). How far this EBP has progressed in different health aspects is usually established by systematic reviews of RCTs. Nurse-led RCTs exist but no study has addressed the essentials of nursing care. Aim: The aim was therefore to determine the essentials of nurses’ interventions by means of nurse-led RCTs in somatic care focusing on the stated context, goals, content, strategies as well as the nurse’s role related to effectiveness. Methods: A systematic review was realized according to Cochrane review assumptions to identify, appraise and synthesize all empirical evidence meeting pre-specified eligibility criteria. The PRISMA statement guided the data extraction process (n = 55) from PubMed and CINAHL. Results: Of the RCTs in somatic care, 71% showed a positive effectiveness of nurse-led interventions, of which the nurse had a significant role with regard to being the main responsible in 67% of the studies. Also, 47% of the RCTs presented a theoretical standpoint related to the nurse-led interventions and most prominent were international evidence-based guidelines. Goals were found to have either a patient-centered or a professional-centered ambition. Strategies were based on patient-directed initiatives, nurse-patient-directed initiatives or nurse-directed initiatives, while contents were built upon either a patient-nurse interaction or a nursing management plan. Conclusions: This review underlines the necessity of a holistic view of a person, as nurse-led RCTs comprising a patient-centered ambition, patient-directed initiative and patient-nurse interaction plan showed beneficial nursing care effectiveness, particularly if theory-based. In a nurse-led RCT, a basic theoretical perspective is advantageous as well as to elucidate the role of the nurse in relation to the estimated effects.

A Prospective Survey Comparing Patients’ Experience of a Nurse-Led Clinic and Consultant-Led Clinic for Surveillance of Patients with Dilatation of the Intrathoracic Aorta

Background: Increasing workload in consultant-led clinics often means patients to wait a long time for clinic appointments. To address this, there is an increasing trend in developing nurse-led clinics across many specialities in the National Health Service. This study aims to assess whether the implementation of a nurse-led clinic in thoracic aortic surgery will optimise the utilisation of health care services and improve overall patient satisfaction. Methods: 80 follow-up patients were asked to complete a questionnaire following their appointment in an aortic clinic, which was led either by a consultant (n = 40) or an aortic specialist nurse (n = 40). All patients seen by a nurse in the clinic were assessed by a consultant surgeon prior to the clinic for suitability. No new patients were seen by a nurse. Any patient with an aortic dimension of 5 cm or greater was seen by the consultant. If there were any complicated clinical features, the patient was seen in the consultant-led clinic. Patients were asked questions about their time spent with the respective health care professionals across 12 categories (punctuality, preparedness, understanding of concerns, clarity of speech, listening, respect, explaining, letting you talk, putting you at ease, emotional support, advice and advice for next follow-up). Patients rated each category using an ordinal scale from 0 - 10. Results: Patient scores were greater in nurse-led clinics compared to consultant-led clinics across a number of categories although only punctuality reached significance (mean 9.2 vs. 6.8, p 0.05). Conclusion: Patients were highly satisfied with the nurse-led clinic across all categories, with greater satisfaction for punctuality. These findings suggest that a nurse-led clinic can be implemented for the management of carefully selected thoracic aortic surgery patient without reduction in patient satisfaction.

Effects of a Nurse-Led Educational Intervention for Chinese Adult Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: A Case-Control Study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an individual nurse-led educational intervention for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This was a case-control study. The case group consisted of six individual educational sessions delivered by a nurse. A total of 40 patients with PsA joined in this study: the case group (n = 20) and the control group (n = 18). After a 6-week intervention, the case group had significantly better management for the severity of arthritis symptoms (p < 0.05), better psychological well-being and significant lower levels of anxiety (p < 0.05), and depression score (p < 0.01), and reported better improvement of physical and psychological domain of quality of life (QOL) (both p values < 0.05) than the control group. In conclusion, this nurse-led individual education intervention has statistically significant benefits for the management of clinical symptoms of arthritis and for psychological well-being and QOL in patients with PsA.

Buddhist monk Lin Daoren,specialist of traumatology and orthopedics

Buddhist monk Lin Daoren(790-850,from Xi'an,Shaanxi Province)was a specialist of traumatology and orthopedics of the Tang Dynasty.Secrets of Treating Wounds and Rejoining Fractures(Li Shang Xu Duan Fang)written by him is the first extant monography on traumatology and orthopedics in China.According to the preface of the book,he had profound medical knowledge especially about the theory,diagnosis and treatment for wounds and fractures.

王静波临床经验总结

王静波教授从事中医眼科工作40余年,积累了丰富的临床经验。特别是在中晚期青光眼的治疗方面,王静波教授研习古籍,结合自己的临床经验,认为中晚期青光眼及术后视神经萎缩、小视野者,主要是因为阴不涵阳,肝阳失于制约,肝阳上亢,阳热耗气伤阴,终至气阴两亏;气阴亏损目之窍道无力以通,无物以养而视物不清。制定了益气养阴开窍为治则治疗中晚期青光眼,并创制了益气养阴、开窍明目的益阴明目合剂。为中晚期青光眼的治疗提供了新的思路。同时在春季卡他性结膜炎、麦粒肿等疾病方面也有独特的治疗方法。治疗春季卡他性结膜炎时,王静波老师治疗本病从整体出发,通过辨证论治调理体质,联合中药外熏洗及内服、药渣外敷等多种中医疗法,既能固其本,又能治其标,内外结合、标本兼治,缩短病程,减少复发。王静波教授还根据多年临床经验,总结出经验方内服结合药渣外敷并配合耳尖放血治疗麦粒肿,内外治结合收到显著疗效。该文对以上进行总结,旨在继承名老中医经验,促进中医眼科的学术发展。

互联网+专科护士区域联动护理在基层老年永久性肠造口早期病人中的应用

目的:探讨互联网+专科护士区域联动护理在基层老年永久性肠造口早期病人中的应用。方法:选取2019年1月1日—2021年12月31日就诊于某医院胃肠外科行永久性肠造口的70例基层老年病人为研究对象,根据就诊时间将其分为对照组和干预组,对照组给予常规护理,干预组在常规护理的基础上给予互联网+专科护士区域联动护理。采用中文版造口病人社会心理适应量表(OAI-20)和中文版造口病人生活质量量表(Stoma-QOL)分别于病人出院前1 d、出院后1个月、3个月、6个月后评估两组病人社会心理适应和病人生活质量,并比较两组6个月内造口及造口周围皮肤并发症的发生率。结果:70例病人均完成各阶段护理及评估,经重复测量方差分析显示,两组病人在社会心理适应方面和生活质量评估方面存在时间效应、组间效应及交互效应,干预组OAI-20总分、Stoma-QOL总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);6个月内干预组并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:互联网+专科护士区域联动护理能够提高基层地区老年永久性肠造口病人早期社会及心理适应能力,提高病人生活质量,降低造口并发症发生率,有利于在有限的医疗资源下给予病人同质化的护理。

泌尿外科专科护士核心能力特征要素的质性研究

目的探究泌尿外科专科护士应具备的核心能力特征要素,为泌尿外科专科护士人才培养提供依据。方法采用描述性质性研究法,目的抽样选取河南省二级甲等以上11家医院的12名泌尿外科医生、20名护士和18名患者进行半结构式访谈,并收集典型个案信息作为补充资料,采用内容分析法对资料进行统计、分析。结果泌尿外科专科护士的核心能力特征要素可归纳为6大主题:临床岗位胜任力、沟通协调能力、专业发展能力、延续护理能力、法律素养、管理能力。结论泌尿外科专科护士需具备多元核心能力,应重视和加强以上6项核心能力的培养,以适应泌尿外科专科护理发展的需求。

湖南省47个伤口造口专科护理门诊成本效益现状研究

目的了解伤口造口专科护理门诊成本效益情况,为提升伤口造口专科护理门诊成本效益管理水平提供依据。方法采用自行设计的伤口造口专科护理门诊成本效益调查问卷对湖南省47个伤口造口专科护理门诊进行伤口造口专科护理门诊和护理单个患者的可货币化成本效益及患者满意度调查。结果湖南省47个伤口造口专科护理门诊可货币化成本均高于效益(效益/成本<1.0)。伤口造口专科门诊护理的466例患者可货币化成本高于效益(效益/成本<1.0)。伤口造口专科护理门诊的整体满意度评价≥8分者有492例,占92.66%。结论伤口造口专科护理门诊可货币化成本效益处于倒置状态,说明伤口造口专科护理门诊需科学控制成本、适当增设伤口造口专科护理门诊护士、优化伤口造口专科护理流程及争取伤口造口专科护理相关政策,从而提升伤口造口专科护理门诊成本效益管理。

精神心理方向护理硕士专业学位研究生临床实践培养方案的构建

目的 构建精神心理方向护理硕士专业学位研究生临床实践培养方案。方法 基于文献回顾和专家讨论,形成精神心理方向护理硕士专业学位研究生临床实践培养方案初稿。选取来自北京、长沙、武汉、南京、上海、广州、成都、合肥、南昌的13名专家作为函询对象,于2022年10月—12月采用专家函询法对其进行2轮函询。结果 2轮专家函询的专家积极系数均为100%;专家权威系数分别为0.94、0.96;肯德尔协调系数分别为0.251和0.418(P<0.001)。最终构建的精神心理方向护理硕士专业学位研究生临床实践培养方案由7个模块(培养目标、培养内容、培养方式、培养时间、考核内容及占比、带教师资、实践基地)、36个一级条目、67个二级条目、103个三级条目构成。结论 本研究构建的精神心理方向护理硕士专业学位研究生临床实践培养方案科学、可信,可为我国精神心理方向护理硕士专业学位研究生临床实践能力的培养提供参考。

危机管理渗透式风险预控在脑膜瘤手术专科护理中的应用

目的:探讨危机管理渗透式风险预控联合系统化专科护理在脑膜瘤术后患者的应用价值。方法:选择在某院接受脑膜瘤切除术103例患者,根据随机数表法分成对照组(52例)和观察组(51例),对照组患者选用常规护理干预措施,观察组患者选用危机管理渗透式风险预控协同专业化专科护理对策。比较两组患者脑膜瘤术后初期并发症发生率与发生时间情况,以及患者手术后的意识恢复情况。结果:相较于对照组,观察组患者术后早期24 h内并发症的发生率明显降低(P=0.001),术后2 h以上手术并发症的发现率明显提高(P<0.05),患者意识恢复情况较好。结论:危机管理渗透式风险预控联合系统化专科护理在脑膜瘤术后患者中应用效果较好,对降低脑膜瘤患者术后早期并发症的发生,提高术后2 h内并发症的发现率及促进患者意识恢复方面有较高的价值。

慢性伤口处理中的临床伦理困境探析——以1例产后脂肪液化合并线结反应的慢性伤口患者护理为例

专科护士在临床中发挥越来越重要的作用,同时他们在独立面对患者时(尤其是造口治疗师/伤口造口专科护士)也常常为伦理难题所困扰。在前期构建的“临床护理伦理结构化分析表格”基础上,采用案例陈述法,以1例产后脂肪液化合并线结反应的慢性伤口患者的护理为例,分析造口治疗师在解决治疗冲突时的伦理思考。进而建议专科护士在解决患者疑难复杂问题时,需要充分考虑患者的意愿与背景特征,可采用“伦理分析四盒子模型”,以达到分析及解决伦理冲突问题的目的。

以疼痛专科护士为主导的镇痛泵全程管理系统的构建及应用研究

目的构建以疼痛专科护士为主导的镇痛泵全程管理系统,并评价其应用效果。方法以疼痛专科护士为主导、病区护士为主体,构建集专科护士工作站模块和病区护士工作站模块为一体的智能化镇痛泵全程管理系统。于2021年7月—10月在某三级甲等综合性医院进行系统试运行,比较系统应用前后镇痛泵患者24 h内镇痛不全率、镇痛相关不良反应阳性探测率、患者满意度和护士工作耗时的差异。结果镇痛泵全程管理系统使用后,当日20:00镇痛不全发生率由12.9%下降至5.9%(χ²=21.749,P<0.001);次日09:00镇痛不全发生率由20.1%下降至15.1%(χ²=6.759,P=0.009);次日16:00镇痛不全发生率差异无统计学意义;镇痛相关不良反应阳性探测率上升,其中恶心呕吐探测率由9.2%上升到31.5%(χ²=119.46,P<0.001),头晕阳性探测率由3.6%上升到8.1%(χ²=13.96,P<0.001);患者满意度由(4.90±0.40)分提高到(4.96±0.25)分,疼痛专科护士随访前准备和随访后数据录入耗时由(93.85±11.14)min/d下降至<20 min/d,病区护士评估镇痛泵耗时由(29.72±8.80)s/次下降到2 s/次,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论疼痛专科护士主导的镇痛泵全程管理系统,能有效改善术后疼痛管理的质量和患者满意度,优化疼痛管理的工作流程和工作效率。

湖南省56家医院完全植入式静脉输液港应用及管理现况调查

目的:调查完全植入式静脉输液港(Totally Implantable Vennous Access Ports,TIVAP)应用现况及管理过程存在的问题,并提出干预策略,为实现TIVAP的科学安全管理提供参考依据。方法:通过问卷调查,于2022年10月—11月采用便利抽样法调查湖南省14个地区的56家医院TIVAP应用及管理现况。结果:20家(35.7%)医院开展了TIVAP植入技术,47家(83.9%)医院开展了TIVAP维护技术。在TIVAP管理方面,47家已开展TIVAP业务的医院中,有39家(83.0%)医院成立了静脉治疗管理小组,14家(29.8%)医院开展了TIVAP植入数据监测,二级医院与三级医院比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);40家(85.1%)医院定期对专科护士进行TIVAP培训,只有17家(36.2%)医院定期对TIVAP使用情况进行质量督查。结论:湖南省各级医院的TIVAP管理制度有待完善,需要进一步完善不同等级医院的TIVAP管理规范、维护流程等,需要加强信息化管理和专科人员培训,以提高TIVAP的管理质量。

心脏介入专科护士核心能力自评问卷的信效度检验

目的 对心脏介入专科护士核心能力自评问卷进行信效度检验。方法 应用心脏介入专科护士核心能力自评问卷,于2022年11月,在全国范围内对534名心脏介入专科护士进行测评,并分析问卷的信效度。结果 心脏介入专科护士核心能力自评问卷包括5个维度45个条目。探索性因子分析累计方差贡献率为71.447%,各条目在所属维度上的因子载荷为0.538~0.856。验证性因子分析显示,修正后卡方/自由度为2.683,比较拟合指数为0.901,非规准适配度指数为0.889。问卷总的Cronbach’s α系数为0.973,折半信度为0.922;各维度的Cronbach’s α系数为0.844~0.964,折半信度为0.780~0.946,重测信度为0.789~1.000。结论 心脏介入专科护士核心能力自评问卷具有较好的信效度,可用于心脏介入专科护士核心能力的自评,并为护理管理者进行人力资源配置提供参考。

从血管旁路移植术治疗症状性颈内动脉和大脑中动脉闭塞研究(CMOSS)看围手术期管理及血管旁路移植术的未来

血管旁路移植术治疗症状性颈内动脉或大脑中动脉血管闭塞的疗效一直备受争议。由中国发起的血管旁路移植术治疗症状性颈内动脉和大脑中动脉闭塞研究(CMOSS)最终取得阴性结果,但这并不能否定血管旁路移植术对症状性血管闭塞患者的治疗价值,而是预示着其临床应用需进一步地深入研究。该文对CMOSS结果进行了分析,对该类患者的围手术期管理进行了总结,介绍了下一步开展的CMOSS2,并探讨了血管旁路移植术的未来,以期为血管旁路移植术临床研究和实践提供参考。

JBI循证卫生保健中心文本证据的质量评价清单

在缺乏高质量研究证据的情况下,经过严格地质量评价后的文本证据可作为医疗卫生保健决策依据的有效补充。本文旨在详细介绍JBI循证卫生保健中心3类文本证据(政策、专家意见及记叙)的质量评价清单,并通过实例分析对其核心内容进行详细解读,为国内研究人员评价文本证据的质量提供工具和支持。