Determination of Air Pollutant Concentrations in Plant Species in Relation to Pollution Sources

Air quality has been a major health issue in urban areas in recent decades. Human activities release a large number of pollutants into the atmosphere which has a direct impact on plant health and leads to ecosystem degradation. The objective of this study is to contribute to a better evaluation of the impact of the air quality of the city of Togo on biological resources. The determination of pollutants was done on samples of plant species with a strong link with the source of pollution. The determination of Sulfur dioxide (SO2) was done by the ripper method. The determination of carbon and estimation of CO2 and CO by the colorimetric method. The determination of nitrogen was done by the Kjeldhal method. The results showed that at the industrial level the amount of CO2 in Alternanthera repens is high with a value of 53.3911 mg/ml. On the other hand, the quantity of CO in Senna occidentalis is 44.3619 mg/ml. In Pithecellobium dulce, the quantity of SO2 and NO2 are evaluated respectively to 0.1588 mg/ml and 0.3696 mg/ml. Regarding to the dumps, the quantity of CO2 in Newbouldia laevis is very high with a value of 65.8508 mg/ml. On the other hand the amount of CO in Senna occidentalis is 51.6106 mg/ml. The quantity of SO2 in Newbouldia laevis is 0.2101 mg/ml and NO2 in Ocimum canum is 0.2744 mg/ml. At the level of roads, the quantities of CO2 and CO in Eragrostis tenella are very high with values respectively equal to 74.4092 mg/ml and 62.2654 mg/ml. On the other hand, the amount of NO2 in Amaranthus sp is 0.2304 mg/ml and that of SO2 in Eragrostis Tenella is 0.1691 mg/ml. The use of a plant bioindicator sensitive to pollutants, allowed concluding that the air of the city of Lome is polluted. The concentration of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide is much more evident in return when the health of plant species is threatened.

Diversity analysis of soil dematiaceous hyphomycetes from the Yellow River source area:Ⅰ

Twenty-four soil samples of eight ecosystem-types around the Yellow River source area were investigated for the number and specific composition of soil dematiaceous hyphomycetes by dilution plate technique. And then the co-relationship between genus species of soil dematiaceous hyphomycetes and ecosystem-types was analyzed. The results show that the amount and species distribution of soil dematiaceous hyphomycetes had an obvious variability in different ecosystem-types, and that the dominant genus species varied in the eight ecosystem-types studied, with Cladosporium being the dominant genus in seven of the eight ecosystem-types except wetland. The index of species diversity varied in different ecosystem-types. The niche breadth analysis showed that Cladosporium had the highest niche breadth and distributed in all ecosystem-types, while the genera with a narrow niche breadth distributed only in a few ecosystem-types. The results of niche overlap index analysis indicated that Stachybotrys and Torula, Doratomyces and Scolecobasidium, Cladosporium and Chrysosporium had a higher niche overlap, whereas Arthrinium and Gliomastix, Phialophora and Doratomyces, Oidiodendron and Ulocladium had no niche overlap.

Socioeconomic Characteristics of the Community and Importance of Camel and other Livestock Species in Tahitay-Adiyabo District, Tigray Region in the Northern Periphery of Ethiopia

The study was undertaken in the northern periphery of the country, Tigray region, north-west Tigray zone, Tahitay Adiyabo district from February to March, 2017. For this study, four Kebeles were selected purposively based on the presence of two major community groups (Tigrayans and Kunama) and presence of camel species and other livestock species. Seventy-two (72) households per district, of which 38 households from two kebeles for Kunama community and 34 households from two kebeles for Tigrayan community groups were selected randomly. A software package of SAS (2008) was employed to generate descriptive statistics for qualitative and quantitative data. As the study revealed, three-fifth and two-fifth of the respondents in the study area were illiterate and attended primary education respectively. The two community groups were significantly (P 0.05) different on educational status and Tigriyans respondents were more educated than the other counterpart. More than 2/3 children (7 - 17 years of age) of the respondents in the study area were attended school. Exceptionally, more than 75% of the children for Tigriyan community group in the district were attended school whereas 3/5th of Kunama community children were attended school education. Average family size per household in the study area was 6.22 ± 0.45 and significant (P 0.05) difference was observed in the two community groups which was higher in Tigriyan community (7.23). Livestock husbandry practices (breeding objectives, herding, milking and marketing) were decided entirely by husband or both and the decision by wife alone was reported to be non-existent in the study area. From all respondents of Kunama community, more than a quarter of them produce household income majorly from their livestock and secondarily from crop. Livelihood diversification (off-farm activities) was almost non-existent in the study area. The study shows that majority of the respondents own ruminant animals and camel. Surprisingly, in the current study, all of the respondents own camel species but camel milk marketing was the main problem of Kunama community. From the Kunama community group, quarter of the respondents own camel and goat only. This study suggested that attention should be given for child education in Kunama community and absence of camel milk marketing may affect the utilization of the species and as a consequence, it would extinct. Hence, in order to conserve this species, camel milk market problem should be solved. Besides, in the study area, camel is the important species for all the communities and attention should be given to improve camel productivity.

吉林省中西部地区灯下蛾类群落结构及多样性

为探明吉林省中西部地区蛾类昆虫的种类及组成,提供蛾类群落的多样性资料,本研究于2017年-2020年利用高空探照灯逐日诱集蛾类昆虫并分类,明确不同昆虫季节性种群动态,在此基础上对蛾类群落多样性进行分析。结果共采集、鉴定蛾类昆虫18科227种,优势科为夜蛾科,种数占比达到49.34%。按为害植物类别,可分为农业害虫、林业害虫、果树害虫、蔬菜害虫等。蛾类昆虫4月始见,7、8月群落丰富度最高,7月群落多样性最高,群落均匀性随时间变化不明显。明确了不同月份优势度指数较高的种类。7、8月的蛾类群落相似性高,4、10月与各月的相似性低。本研究结果可为此区域蛾类害虫的监测预警与综合治理提供基础理论依据。

基于季节性污染特征的大气VOCs化学活性及源解析

挥发性有机物(VOCs)是对流层大气氧化性的重要影响因子,不同VOCs物种的化学反应活性与大气环境质量及污染过程关系密切。本文针对呼和浩特和包头采暖期长达半年的季节特征,选取冬夏季清洁天、污染天和沙尘天的不同时间窗口,识别并分析了两个城市大气中117种VOCs的体积浓度,计算了不同季节不同大气特征条件下不同VOCs物种的化学反应活性,并解析了两个城市大气VOCs的来源。结果表明,乙烯、乙醛、丙烷、丙烯、丙醛、正丁醛、异戊二烯、甲苯、间/对二甲苯等是两个城市大气的主要活性VOCs物种;不同大气特征条件下不同VOCs物种对OFP(臭氧生成潜势)和LOH(羟自由基反应速率)的影响差异较大,且影响大小并不单独依赖于各VOCs物种浓度;2个城市冬季大气中的O3对VOCs的浓度变化更敏感,夏季则对NOx的浓度变化更敏感,体现了这两个城市O3前体物的季节性差异;受季节特征及供暖方式的影响,2个城市冬季燃烧源排放约贡献大气VOCs的50%,机动车排放和LPG/NG源次之;与冬季相比,夏季机动车、生物源及LPG/NG、溶剂挥发等因子的重要性显著提升,而燃烧源因子的比重明显下降,意味着大气VOCs源具有显著的季节变化特征。本研究对准确辨析区域重污染天气特征与成因,实现“十四五”期间PM2.5与臭氧协同控制等意义重大.

光稃茅香典型植物群落结构及其多样性对土壤含水率的响应

文章以5种不同土壤含水率下的光稃茅香群落为研究对象,分析了群落的物种组成、物种重要值和多样性指数。结果表明:5个群落共有15种植物,属11科14属,植物群落优势种分别为光稃茅香(Antho-xanthum glabrum)、光稃茅香(Anthoxanthum glabrum)+短穗兔耳草(Lagotis brachystachya)、光稃茅香(An-thoxanthum glabrum)+西藏沙棘(Hippophae thibetana)+冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)+多裂委陵菜(Potentilla mul-tifida)、光稃茅香(Anthoxanthum glabrum)+短穗兔耳草(Lagotis brachystachya)、光稃茅香(Anthoxan-thum glabrum)+赖草(Leymus secalinus)+冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)。该研究选取的样地3的光稃茅香群落丰富度指数Ma、Simpson多样性指数D、Shannon-Wiener指数H达到最大,分别为1.53、0.58、1.38,明显高于其他4个样地(P<0.05);样地5的Pielou均匀度指数J和物种优势度指数d最大,分别为0.63、1.78。样地1的地上生物量最大,达到857.3g·m^(-2),较样地2、样地3、样地4、样地5分别高46.47%、112.35%、192.27%、506.60%,差异显著(P<0.05)。综上所述,土壤含水率的不同可能是驱动草本植物群落结构及其多样性和生物量变化的重要因素。

三江源区不同年限黑土滩人工草地植被特征

以三江源区不同建植年限黑土滩人工草地(1、3、7、12、17、21和24龄)及其周边黑土滩(CK)为对象,从植被群落结构、生物量、物种多样性角度,探究三江源区黑土滩人工草地植被变化特征及适宜利用年限,为黑土滩人工草地的合理利用提供理论依据。结果表明:随建植年限增加,人工草地草层的高度和盖度及地上生物量均呈增加趋势,且人工草地比CK高;人工草地的禾本科高度、盖度、地上生物量、地下生物量均高于莎草科、豆科和杂类草,CK样地杂类草高于其他经济类群;各建植年限人工草地优势种和伴生种分别为垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)和青海冷地早熟禾(Poa crymophila),且其重要值均随建植年限增加呈逐渐增加趋势;各经济类群物种多样性指数均呈波动式增加趋势,建植3 a人工草地的植物香农维纳指数和均匀度指数最低,分别为0.66、0.48,建植21 a时最高;在植物NMDS分析表明,建植24 a、建植21 a和建植12 a的人工草地与CK样地无重合部分,其植被群落差异度很大。研究得知:建植21 a的黑土滩人工草地群落多样性指数显著高于其他建植年限的人工草地,与黑土滩退化草地相似度最小,群落组成相对稳定。

泰安市区秋季大气挥发性有机物污染特征及来源解析

采用罐采样预浓缩/气相色谱-质谱联用法,对泰安市区秋季(2020年10月17日至27日)115种大气挥发性有机污染物(VOCs)进行观测。结果表明,采样期间泰安市区秋季VOCs体积分数为(67.50±25.55)×10^(−9),其中以烷烃(34.86%)和含氧挥发性有机物(OVOCs)(32.03%)为主。分别应用臭氧生成潜势(OFP)和OH消耗速率LOH评估观测期间VOCs的大气化学反应活性,发现秋季泰安市区的OFP为(241.50±6.91)×10^(−9),主要由OVOCs(39.92%)和芳香烃(33.03%)贡献。LOH为7.34±0.33 s^(−1),OVOCs贡献56.32%。使用气溶胶生成系数法(FAC)估算观测期间VOCs对二次有机气溶胶(SOA)生成潜势的贡献,结果表明SOA生成潜势为(366.58±37.80)×10^(−9),以芳香烃(98.79%)为主。特征物种比值分析结果显示,泰安市区秋季VOCs受机动车尾气、溶剂使用和燃烧源等本地源的影响较大。PMF源解析结果表明,机动车排放对VOCs的贡献占比最高为26.1%,其中来自汽油车尾气排放和柴油车尾气排放的贡献分别为19.4%和6.7%;溶剂使用和工业源对VOCs的贡献占比相当,分别为20.1%和19.9%;固定燃烧源和液化石油气(LPG)使用的贡献分别为16.2%和12.3%;植物源贡献占比最低,为5.4%。

桂林市訾洲公园植物资源调查研究

为了解桂林市訾州公园植物资源及景观现状,通过实地调查并查阅相关文献资料,对该公园植物组成、优势科、生活型、观赏特性、物种来源等进行分析。结果表明,园内共有维管束植物167种,隶属于74科145属,其中以豆科和禾本科为优势科;植物生活型齐全,乔木和草本占主体且常绿植物数量较多;观赏植物以观花植物为主,占植物总种数的57.5%;乡土植物97种,外来植物70种,占比分别为58.08%、41.92%;园内还有中国特有植物5种,濒危植物9种和国家重点保护植物7种。訾洲公园植物景观与其他构景要素较协调,地域特色鲜明,但仍需丰富藤本植物应用形式、增加观赏植物种类、加强宣传科普教育和采取合理的养护管理办法。以期为訾洲公园及桂林城市公园景观营建和升级改造提供参考。

Species profile and reactivity of volatile organic compounds emission in solvent uses,industry activities and from vehicular tunnels

A survey was conducted of the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)released from sources of solvent use,industry activities and vehicle emissions in Guiyang,a capital city of China.Samples were collected by canisters and analyzed by GC-MS-FID.The species profiles of VOCs emitted from sources were obtained.Results showed that xylenes,ethylbenzene,acetone and dichloromethane were the characteristics species for painting,2-propanol and ethyl acetate for printing,α-pinene for solid wood furniture manufacturing,and 2-butanone for biscuit baking.These characteristics species could be as tracers for the sources respectively.In most of samples from the solvent use,the benzene/toluene(B/T)ratio was less than 0.3,indicating that the ratio could be as the indicator for tracing the solvent use related sources.The results also suggested that the toluene/xylene(T/X)ratio be as the indicator to distinguish the VOCs sources of painting(<2)from the printing(>2).Aromatics contributed the most to ozone formation potential(OFP)of most painting and non-paper printing sources,and oxygen-containing VOCs(OVOCs)were major species contributing to OFP of the sources from food production and paper printing.The OFP of the VOCs emissions from vehicle in tunnels and from other manufactures were dominated by both aromatics and alkenes.Theα-pinene could explain 56.94%and 32.54%of total OFP of the VOCs sources from filing cabinet and solid wood furniture manufacturing,which was rarely been involved in previous studies of VOCs source profiles,indicating that the species of concern for VOCs sources are still insufficient at present.

2023年春节期间宿迁市PM_(2.5)化学组分特征与来源解析

2023年春节期间(1月18日—25日),宿迁市发生了一次短时PM_(2.5)重度污染,利用宿迁市环境空气国控监测站、大气超级站、在线单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪等对PM_(2.5)化学组分进行分析,对颗粒物的主要组分进行来源解析,探讨燃放烟花爆竹对空气质量的影响。结果表明,春节期间整体空气质量良好,峰值出现在21日22时—22日0时(除夕夜),PM_(2.5)浓度范围为165~206μg/m^(3),达到重度污染水平,各项化学组分抬升明显,二次有机物占比明显抬升。烟花爆竹燃放指征重金属元素在除夕夜前后变化幅度较大,PM_(2.5)小时均值同步上升3.0倍,K^(+)和Cl^(-)浓度多次出现同时突升,重金属元素和离子元素双重佐证了烟花爆竹燃放助推了颗粒物浓度高值。由于烟花燃放特征离子与本地扬尘源特征离子存在共性(Al^(+)、Ba^(+)、Mg^(+)等矿物质成分),在不利气象条件下主要表现为扬尘源对大气颗粒物贡献率的增加。

多品种种子干燥技术分析与应用

当前多品种种子干燥技术可满足不同品种及小批量种子的繁育需求,该研究旨在探讨分析多品种种子模块化干燥单元的能耗及其内部干燥介质的物理参数。基于多品种种子模块化干燥单元内部种子质量、干燥风温及干燥速度等因素,分析计算其热源及风机的相关参数。结果表明,多品种种子模块化干燥单元的电磁热风炉功率5 kW,风机流量412~859 m^(3)/h,全压507~310 Pa。研究结果以期为多品种种子干燥技术的后续发展提供技术参考及理论借鉴。

放牧对两河源牧区草地生态系统健康及物种多样性的影响

该试验的目的是通过对两河源牧区放牧前后的草地生态系统进行健康评价和多样性分析,为牧区的草地恢复与治理提供依据和参考。该研究以两河源6牧区为例,采用样方法对该地区的草地进行调查,运用VOR综合评价模型和物种多样性测度中的Margalef指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Alatalo指数对两河源牧区草地生态系统健康进行综合评价。结果表明,放牧会影响草地生态系统的丰富度、多样性和优势度,但不会影响草地健康状况,两河源牧区放牧强度属于合理放牧范围内。

Source apportionment of PM2.5 in Tangshan, China --Hybrid approaches for primary and secondary species apportionment

The objective of this paper is to propose a hybrid approach for the source apportionment of primary and secondary species of PM2.5 in the city of Tangshan. The receptor-based PMF （Positive Matrix Factorization） is integrated with the emission inventory （El） to form the first hybrid method for the source apportionment of the primary species. The hybrid CAMx-PSAT-CP （Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions - Particulate Source App.ortionment Technology - Chemical Profile）approach is then proposed and used for the source apportionment of the secondary species. The PM2.5 sources identified for Tangshan included the soil dust, the metallurgical industry, power plants, coal- fired boilers, vehicles, cement production, and other sources. It is indicated that the PM2.5 pollution is a regional issue. Among all the identified sources, the metallurgy industry was the biggest contribution source.to PM2.5, followed by coal-fired boilers, vehicles and soil dust. The other-source category plays a crucial role for PM2.5, particularly for the formation of secondary species and aerosols, and these other sources include non-specified sources such as agricultural activities, biomass combustion, residential emissions, etc. The source apportionment results could help the local authorities make sound policies and regulations to better protect the citizens from the local and regional PM2.5 pollution. The study also highlights the strength of utilizing the proposed hybrid approaches in the identification of PM2.5 sources. The techniques used in this study show considerable promise for further application to other regions as well as to identify other source categories of PM2.5.

河南省优先控制人为源VOCs关键物种及来源识别

为了解河南省人为源挥发性有机物(VOCs)的排放特征,识别以臭氧(O3)污染治理为目的的关键VOCs物种及其排放源,以五大类人为源活动水平数据为基础,采用排放因子法建立了2019年河南省县级人为源VOCs组分化排放清单,并利用最大增量反应活性(MIR)估算其臭氧生成潜势(OFP),基于OFP识别O3污染治理的关键VOCs物种及其排放源.结果表明:(1)河南省2019年人为源VOCs排放总量为175.62×10^(4)t,其中工艺过程源、移动源、生物质燃烧源、溶剂使用源和化石燃料燃烧源对VOCs排放总量的贡献率分别为28.6%、25.2%、20.8%、19.1%和6.3%.(2)空间分布显示,以郑州市为中心的豫北排放量远高于豫南,呈“一高三低”的空间分布特点,郑州市排放量最高,其排放量为27.7×10^(4)t,漯河市、三门峡市和鹤壁市排放量最低,其排放量均小于5.0×10^(4)t.(3)芳香烃是排放量最高的化学组分,其排放量为47.5×10^(4)t,其次为烷烃(46.3×10^(4)t)、OVOCs(40.3×10^(4)t)和烯烃(20.9×10^(4)t),其中甲苯、乙烯、苯等排放量高的10个物种占排放总量的42.0%.(4)河南省人为源VOCs的总OFP为664.0×10^(4)t,其中,芳香烃和烯烃对OFP的贡献最大,均占总OFP的32%,其次为OVOCs,占比为28.0%;本研究的OFP空间分布与国控点O3浓度和PM_(2.5)-O3大气复合污染空间分布规律高度一致.研究显示,乙烯、间/对-二甲苯、甲苯、丙烯和甲醛等对总OFP的贡献率为67.2%,其主要来源是生物质燃烧、小型客车、建筑涂装、汽车涂装、化学合成、涂料制造、建筑和农业机械等,因此这些VOCs物种和排放源是河南省O3污染治理的关键.

非均相催化臭氧氧化作用机理研究进展

高级氧化技术作为治理难降解污染物、污水提标改造的有效处理技术发展迅速。非均相催化臭氧氧化因氧化效率高、使用便捷等优势受到广泛关注。当前研究主要集中于对高效催化剂制备及其降解效能方面,而对非均相催化臭氧氧化机理方面的探索和总结尚不完善。本文根据非均相催化剂类型差异系统综述了催化臭氧氧化体系中重要的吸附作用机理以及催化氧化作用机理,讨论了金属氧化物材料的表面羟基、路易斯活性位点、氧化还原电偶,非金属材料的电子来源差异、表面官能团,复合材料的复合特性对臭氧的吸附与活性氧物种产生的影响。同时总结了非均相催化氧化过程中活性氧物种之间的产生、转化与鉴定以及详细的羟基自由基和超氧自由基的相互转化过程,为后续发展非均相催化臭氧氧化技术提供参考。

成渝地区典型中小城市VOCs污染特征、臭氧生成潜势及来源分析

为了解成渝地区中小城市VOCs污染特征及其来源,选取该区域典型代表城市-遂宁市为研究对象,利用2019年不同时间不同功能区106种VOCs离线观测数据,研究了该市VOCs污染水平和时空特征,分析了VOCs主要成分及其对臭氧的影响,并进行了源解析。结果显示:(1)遂宁市大气中VOCs平均体积分数为39.4×10^(-9),8月的浓度较高,其空间排序为工业区>城郊区≈文教区。(2)OVOCs和烷烃是VOCs主要组分,占比达73.4%,且不受时间和空间限制;工业区不同组分浓度均高于城郊区和文教区,城郊区和文教区的同组分占比相差较小;丙酮和乙烷是VOCs中体积分数最大的物种,占总体积分数的37.8%。(3)VOCs组分对OFP贡献率顺序为烯烃>芳香烃>OVOCs>烷烃>炔烃>卤代烃>有机硫,前4类组分对OFP贡献率达97.6%,烯烃对OFP贡献率不仅每日最大,而且还呈现“城郊区>文教区>工业区”空间分布态势;异戊二烯、乙烯是OFP最大的物种,在不同功能区其OFP均高于其他物种,是遂宁市臭氧防治关注重点。(4)VOCs排放源及其贡献率分别为工业源(32%)、机动车+LPG源(18%)、燃烧源(16%)、汽油挥发(13%)、植物源(11%)、溶剂使用(10%),各功能区的主要贡献源不尽相同,工业源是控制遂宁市环境空气中VOCs污染的关键,同时也要加强对机动车和燃烧源的重视。

安徽省大气细颗粒物污染特征及来源解析

基于2015-2020年安徽省空气质量监测和PM_(2.5)化学组分等逐小时数据,分析了安徽省颗粒物污染特征和污染来源。结果表明,2015-2020年期间全省呈现PM_(2.5)日均浓度低值日增多、高值日减少的趋势,其中浓度高值主要分布在秋冬季和春末夏初,局部短期污染和区域重污染过程显著,逐步向PM_(2.5)与O_(3)复合污染类型转变。2020年全省PM_(2.5)化学组分中占比较高的三个组分为有机物(28.2%)、硝酸盐(21.6%)和硫酸盐(12.1%)。PMF结果表明,安徽省PM_(2.5)最主要的来源是二次硝酸盐,其占比范围在26.3%~38.3%之间,其次为二次硫酸盐、燃煤、工业排放和机动车排放。

杭州市临安区挥发性有机物污染特征与来源解析

为探究杭州市临安区大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)的污染特征,于2021年12月至2022年10月对临安区VOCs组分进行连续在线监测,分析了VOCs的臭氧生成潜势(OFP),并利用正定矩阵因子分解(PMF)模型对VOCs的主要排放源进行解析。结果表明,观测期间临安区大气总VOCs(TVOCs)的平均体积分数为46.57×10^(-9),TVOCs中占比最高的是含氧有机物(36.72%)。TVOCs呈现出冬季(53.14×10^(-9))>春季(47.46×10^(-9))>夏季(43.83×10^(-9))>秋季(38.16×10^(-9))的季节变化特征。观测期间,VOCs的总OFP为175.42μg/m3,芳香烃和烯烃对OFP有较大的贡献,贡献率分别为42.41%和37.60%。源解析结果表明,机动车排放源和液化天然气/石油气使用源是临安区VOCs的主要来源,而有机溶剂/油气挥发源对VOCs的OFP贡献率最大;控制临安区臭氧污染需要重点关注当地有机溶剂使用、油气挥发、液化天然气/石油气使用和机动车排放等问题。

湿地中微塑料来源、分布及其环境因素相互作用研究现状

微塑料(MPs)是一类广泛分布于各生态系统的新污染物,而湿地是微塑料在各生态系统间运输和交换的重要环节,因此湿地中的MPs成为近年来MPs研究热点之一。综述了湿地中MPs的来源、分布及种类,总结了湿地作为MPs的源与汇特性,指出MPs主要是通过地表径流或废水排放进入湿地,其常见的种类有聚乙烯(PE)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)和聚丙烯(PP)等,并主要以纤维、片状、泡沫、薄膜或颗粒等形状存在;微塑料对湿地系统影响显著,其化学和物理性质也在湿地环境因素作用下发生一定程度的变化。最后,提出了今后湿地中微塑料的研究方向。