Design of Fully Automatic Specification Selection System for Resistance Welding Equipment

A system for fully automatic selection of welding specifications in resistance welding equipment has been developed to address the problem of workers frequently choosing the wrong specifications during manual welding of multiple parts on a single machine in automobile factories. The system incorporates an automatic recognition system for different workpiece materials using the added machine fixture,visual detection system for nuts and bolts,and secondary graphical confirmation to ensure the correctness of specification calling. This system achieves reliable,fully automatic selection of welding specifications in resistance welding equipment and has shown significant effects in improving welding quality for massproduced workpieces,while solving the problem of specification calling errors that can occur with traditional methods involving process charts and code adjustments. This system is particularly suitable for promoting applications in manual welding of multiple parts on a single machine in automobile factories,ensuring correct specification calling and welding quality.

Basic regulatory science behind drug substance and drug product specifications of monoclonal antibodies and other protein therapeutics

In this review,we focus on providing basics and examples for each component of the protein therapeutic specifications to interested pharmacists and biopharmaceutical scientists with a goal to strengthen understanding in regulatory science and compliance.Pharmaceutical specifications comprise a list of important quality attributes for testing,references to use for test procedures,and appropriate acceptance criteria for the tests,and they are set up to ensure that when a drug product is administered to a patient,its intended therapeutic benefits and safety can be rendered appropriately.Conformance of drug substance or drug product to the specifications is achieved by testing an article according to the listed tests and analytical methods and obtaining test results that meet the acceptance criteria.Quality attributes are chosen to be tested based on their quality risk,and consideration should be given to the merit of the analytical methods which are associated with the acceptance criteria of the specifications.Acceptance criteria are set forth primarily based on efficacy and safety profiles,with an increasing attention noted for patient-centric specifications.Discussed in this work are related guidelines that support the biopharmaceutical specification setting,how to set the acceptance criteria,and examples of the quality attributes and the analytical methods from 60 articles and 23 pharmacopeial monographs.Outlooks are also explored on process analytical technologies and other orthogonal tools which are on-trend in biopharmaceutical characterization and quality control.

Fuzzy-Model-Based Finite Frequency Fault Detection Filtering Design for Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Systems

This article studies the fault detection filtering design problem for Roesser type two-dimensional(2-D)nonlinear systems described by uncertain 2-D Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)fuzzy models.Firstly,fuzzy Lyapunov functions are constructed and the 2-D Fourier transform is exploited,based on which a finite frequency fault detection filtering design method is proposed such that a residual signal is generated with robustness to external disturbances and sensitivity to faults.It has been shown that the utilization of available frequency spectrum information of faults and disturbances makes the proposed filtering design method more general and less conservative compared with a conventional nonfrequency based filtering design approach.Then,with the proposed evaluation function and its threshold,a novel mixed finite frequency H_(∞)/H_(-)fault detection algorithm is developed,based on which the fault can be immediately detected once the evaluation function exceeds the threshold.Finally,it is verified with simulation studies that the proposed method is effective and less conservative than conventional non-frequency and/or common Lyapunov function based filtering design methods.

SHADOWING,EXPANSIVENESS AND SPECIFICATION FOR C^1-CONSERVATIVE SYSTEMS

We prove that a Cl-generic volume-preserving dynamical system （diffeomor- phism or flow） has the shadowing property or is expansive or has the weak specification property if and only if it is Anosov. Finally, as in [10, 27], we prove that the Cl-robustness, within the volume-preserving context, of the expansiveness property and the weak specifica- tion property, imply that the dynamical system （diffeomorphism or flow） is Anosov.

Product Specification Analysis for Modular Product Design Using Big Sales Data

Big data on product sales are an emerging resource for supporting modular product design to meet diversified customers’requirements of product specification combinations.To better facilitate decision-making of modular product design,correlations among specifications and components originated from customers’conscious and subconscious preferences can be investigated by using big data on product sales.This study proposes a framework and the associated methods for supporting modular product design decisions based on correlation analysis of product specifications and components using big sales data.The correlations of the product specifications are determined by analyzing the collected product sales data.By building the relations between the product components and specifications,a matrix for measuring the correlation among product components is formed for component clustering.Six rules for supporting the decision making of modular product design are proposed based on the frequency analysis of the specification values per component cluster.A case study of electric vehicles illustrates the application of the proposed method.

Conversion of Object Oriented System into Software Product Line with Delta Modeling Abstract Behavioral Specification

This article contains a system conversion from object oriented design into Software Product Line (SPL) using delta modeling of Abstract Behavioral Specification (ABS). ABS is a modeling language which targets system with high level of variety and supports SPL development with delta modeling. The case study of this thesis is a digital library system called Library Automation and Digital Archive (LONTAR). Originally, LONTAR only uses SOAP-based web service. With ABS, LONTAR will be converted into SPL and implement another web service called REST. The motivation of this conversion of LONTAR from object oriented into SPL is because it is easier to develop system with ABS than using regular object oriented. Product definition in ABS is relatively easier than creating a new subclass and do customization to make it works well.

A Z Specification for Employment Clerical System

Z has become recognized as a very effective formal specification language in improving the quality of software and ensuring the cost effectiveness of the development process. This paper presents part of a case study of Z notations, ClericalTemps, which is an agency that provides a clerical help to its clients.

Cost-effectiveness of patient specific vs conventional instrumentation for total knee arthroplasty:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Over the past years,patient specific instrumentation(PSI)for total knee arthroplasty(TKA)has been implemented and routinely used.No clear answer has been given on its associated cost and cost-effectiveness when compared to conventional instrumentation(CI)for TKA.AIM To compare the cost and cost-effectiveness of PSI TKA compared to CI TKA.METHODS A literature search was performed in healthcare,economical healthcare,and medical databases(MEDLINE,EMBASE,CINAHL,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,EconLit).It was conducted in April 2021 and again in January 2022.Relevant literature included randomised controlled trials,retrospective studies,prospective studies,observational studies,and case control studies.All studies were assessed on methodological quality.Relevant outcomes included incremental cost-effectiveness ratio,quality-adjusted life years,total costs,imaging costs,production costs,sterilization associated costs,surgery duration costs and readmission rate costs.All eligible studies were assessed for risk of bias.Meta-analysis was performed for outcomes with sufficient data.RESULTS Thirty-two studies were included into the systematic review.Two were included in the metaanalysis.3994 PSI TKAs and 13267 CI TKAs were included in the sample size.The methodological quality of the included studies,based on Consensus on Health Economic Criteria-scores and risk of bias,ranged from average to good.PSI TKA costs less than CI TKA when considering mean operating room time and its associated costs and tray sterilization per patient case.PSI TKA costs more compared to CI TKA when considering imaging and production costs.Considering total costs per patient case,PSI TKA is more expensive in comparison to CI TKA.Meta-analysis comparing total costs for PSI TKA,and CI TKA showed a significant higher cost for PSI TKA.CONCLUSION Cost for PSI and CI TKA can differ when considering distinct aspects of their implementation.Total costs per patient case are increased for PSI TKA when compared to CI TKA.

Significance of carcinoembryonic antigen detection in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer:A systematic review and metaanalysis

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a prevalent malignant tumor involving adenomas that develop into malignant lesions.Carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)is a non-specific serum biomarker upregulated in CRC.The concentration of CEA is modulated by tumor stage and grade,tumor site in the colon,ploidy status,and patient smoking status.This study aimed to evaluate current evidence regarding the diagnostic power of CEA levels in the early detection of CRC recurrence in adults.AIM To evaluate current evidence regarding the diagnostic power of CEA levels in the early detection of CRC recurrence in adults.METHODS A systematic search was performed using four databases:MEDLINE,Cochrane Trials,EMBASE,and the Web of Science.The inclusion criteria were as follows:Adult patients aged≥18 years who had completed CRC curative treatment and were followed up postoperatively;reporting the number of CRC recurrences as an outcome;and randomized,clinical,cohort,and case-control study designs.Studies that were not published in English and animal studies were excluded.The following data were extracted by three independent reviewers:Study design,index tests,follow-up,patient characteristics,and primary outcomes.All statistical analyses were performed using the RevMan 5.4.1.RESULTS A total of 3232 studies were identified,with 73 remaining following the elimination of duplicates.After screening on predetermined criteria,12 studies were included in the final analysis.At a reference standard of 5 mg/L,CEA detected only approximately half of recurrent CRCs,with a pooled sensitivity of 59%(range,33%–83%)and sensitivity of 89%(range,58%–97%).CONCLUSION CEA is a significant marker for CRC diagnosis.However,it has insufficient sensitivity and specificity to be used as a single biomarker of early CRC recurrence,with an essential proportion of false negatives.

A TSE based design for MMSE and QRD of MIMO systems based on ASIP

A Taylor series expansion(TSE) based design for minimum mean-square error(MMSE) and QR decomposition(QRD) of multi-input and multi-output(MIMO) systems is proposed based on application specific instruction set processor(ASIP), which uses TSE algorithm instead of resource-consuming reciprocal and reciprocal square root(RSR) operations.The aim is to give a high performance implementation for MMSE and QRD in one programmable platform simultaneously.Furthermore, instruction set architecture(ISA) and the allocation of data paths in single instruction multiple data-very long instruction word(SIMD-VLIW) architecture are provided, offering more data parallelism and instruction parallelism for different dimension matrices and operation types.Meanwhile, multiple level numerical precision can be achieved with flexible table size and expansion order in TSE ISA.The ASIP has been implemented to a 28 nm CMOS process and frequency reaches 800 MHz.Experimental results show that the proposed design provides perfect numerical precision within the fixed bit-width of the ASIP, higher matrix processing rate better than the requirements of 5G system and more rate-area efficiency comparable with ASIC implementations.

The User Interfaces Transition Diagram-Editor: A Tool to Simplify User-System Interaction Modeling

The User Interface Transition Diagram (UITD) is a formal modeling notation that simplifies the specification and design of user-system interactions. It is a valuable communication tool for technical and non-technical stakeholders during the requirements elicitation phase, as it provides a simple yet technically complete notation that is easy to understand. In this paper, we investigated the efficiency of creating UITDs using draw.io, a widely used diagramming software, compared to a dedicated UITD editor. We conducted a study to compare the time required to use each tool to complete the task of creating a medium size UITD, as well as the subjective ease of use and satisfaction of participants with the dedicated Editor. Our results show that the UITD editor is more efficient and preferred by participants, highlighting the importance of using specialized tools for creating formal models such as UITDs. The findings of this study have implications for software developers, designers, and other stakeholders involved in the specification and design of user-system interactions.

Transcriptional regulation in the development and dysfunction of neocortical projection neurons

Glutamatergic projection neurons generate sophisticated excitatory circuits to integrate and transmit information among different cortical areas,and between the neocortex and other regions of the brain and spinal cord.Appropriate development of cortical projection neurons is regulated by certain essential events such as neural fate determination,proliferation,specification,differentiation,migration,survival,axonogenesis,and synaptogenesis.These processes are precisely regulated in a tempo-spatial manner by intrinsic factors,extrinsic signals,and neural activities.The generation of correct subtypes and precise connections of projection neurons is imperative not only to support the basic cortical functions(such as sensory information integration,motor coordination,and cognition)but also to prevent the onset and progression of neurodevelopmental disorders(such as intellectual disability,autism spectrum disorders,anxiety,and depression).This review mainly focuses on the recent progress of transcriptional regulations on the development and diversity of neocortical projection neurons and the clinical relevance of the failure of transcriptional modulations.

Coherence cube enhancement based on local histogram specification

Coherence analysis is a powerful tool in seismic interpretation for imaging geological discontinuities such as faults and fractures. However, subtle faults or fractures of one stratum are difficult to be distinguished on coherence sections （time slices or profiles） due to interferences from adjacent strata, especially these with strong reflectivity. In this paper, we propose a coherence enhancement method which applies local histogram specification （LHS） techniques to enhance subtle faults or fractures in the coherence cubes. Unlike the traditional histogram specification （HS） algorithm, our method processes 3D coherence data without discretization. This method partitions a coherence cube into many sub-blocks and self-adaptively specifies the target distribution in each block based on the whole distribution of the coherence cube. Furthermore, the neighboring blocks are partially overlapped to reduce the edge effect. Applications to real datasets show that the new method enhances the details of subtle faults and fractures noticeably.

Upregulated lncRNA PRNT promotes progression and oxaliplatin resistance of colorectal cancer cells by regulating HIPK2 transcription

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer and a significant cause of cancer-related mortality globally.Resistance to chemotherapy,especially during CRC treatment,leads to reduced effectiveness of drugs and poor patient outcomes.Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been implicated in various pathophysiological processes of tumor cells,including chemotherapy resistance,yet the roles of many lncRNAs in CRC remain unclear.AIM To identify and analyze the lncRNAs involved in oxaliplatin resistance in CRC and to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms influencing this resistance.METHODS Gene Expression Omnibus datasets GSE42387 and GSE30011 were reanalyzed to identify lncRNAs and mRNAs associated with oxaliplatin resistance.Various bioinformatics tools were employed to elucidate molecular mechanisms.The expression levels of lncRNAs and mRNAs were assessed via quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Functional assays,including MTT,wound healing,and Transwell,were conducted to investigate the functional implications of lncRNA alterations.Interactions between lncRNAs and trans-cription factors were examined using RIP and luciferase reporter assays,while Western blotting was used to confirm downstream pathways.Additionally,a xenograft mouse model was utilized to study the in vivo effects of lncRNAs on chemotherapy resistance.RESULTS LncRNA prion protein testis specific(PRNT)was found to be upregulated in oxaliplatin-resistant CRC cell lines and negatively correlated with homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2(HIPK2)expression.PRNT was demonstrated to sponge transcription factor zinc finger protein 184(ZNF184),which in turn could regulate HIPK2 expression.Altered expression of PRNT influenced CRC cell sensitivity to oxaliplatin,with overexpression leading to decreased sensitivity and decreased expression reducing resistance.Both RIP and luciferase reporter assays indicated that ZNF184 and HIPK2 are targets of PRNT.The PRNT/ZNF184/HIPK2 axis was implicated in promoting CRC progression and oxaliplatin resistance both in vitro and in vivo.CONCLUSION The study concludes that PRNT is upregulated in oxaliplatin-resistant CRC cells and modulates the expression of HIPK2 by sponging ZNF184.This regulatory mechanism enhances CRC progression and resistance to oxaliplatin,positioning PRNT as a promising therapeutic target for CRC patients undergoing oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy.

渐近平均伪轨跟踪性质、弱specification性质和分布混沌

证明了有渐近平均伪轨跟踪性质的非平凡紧致动力系统具有一致分布混沌或者按序列分布混沌。此外,在具有渐近平均伪轨跟踪性质系统中的分布混沌在测度中心是一致和稠密的,即有一个不可数的一致分布混沌集是由这样的点组成,它们的轨道闭包包含测度中心。作为一个推论,具有弱specification性质的系统也有类似的结果。

关于弱Specification性质的一个注记

该文证明具有弱specification性质的系统在其测度中心的限制系统也具有弱specification性质,并且其逆不真.作为推论得到在未有满射的假设下,弱specification性质蕴含渐近平均跟踪性质.最后证明具有弱specification性质的满射系统是一致分布混沌的.

Study on specifications of farmland shelterbelt net in Northeastern Plain of China

s: The farmland shelterbelts in Northeastern Plain of China have formed relatively complete net system. The func-tions of shelterbelt net in omnibearing wind check and prevention of frostbite as well as the field of integrated climate effect within shelterbelt net were analyzed, through located observation of meteorological factors. Within the shelterbelt net, the area with more than 10% efficiency of omnibearing wind check was determined as benefited area. The analysis of yield and quality of crops indicated that the sheltering range of shelterbelt net was 25 times tree height. The mature heights of the various varieties of poplar composed the shelterbelts were determined according to their height growth. Based on the comprehensive analysis above, the suitable size of farmland shelterbelt net in Northeastern Plain of China was decided to be 400 m×400 m.

弱Specification和逆极限空间上移位映射(英文)

对度量空间上连续自映射引进弱Ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ概念，研究了它与浑沌和拓扑熵的联系，此外还讨论了逆极限空间上移位映射的弱Ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ性质。

A novel saliva-based miRNA profile to diagnose and predict oral cancer

Oral cancer (OC) is the most common form of head and neck cancer. Despite the high incidence and unfavourable patient outcomes, currently, there are no biomarkers for the early detection of OC. This study aims to discover, develop, and validate a novel saliva-based microRNA signature for early diagnosis and prediction of OC risk in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD).The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) miRNA sequencing data and small RNA sequencing data of saliva samples were used to discover differentially expressed miRNAs. Identified miRNAs were validated in saliva samples of OC (n=50), OPMD (n=52), and controls(n=60) using quantitative real-time PCR. Eight differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-7-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-215-5p,miR-431-5p, miR-486-3p, miR-3614-5p, and miR-4707-3p) were identified in the discovery phase and were validated. The efficiency of our eight-miRNA signature to discriminate OC and controls was:area under curve (AUC):0.954, sensitivity:86%, specificity:90%,positive predictive value (PPV):87.8%and negative predictive value (NPV):88.5%whereas between OC and OPMD was:AUC:0.911,sensitivity:90%, specificity:82.7%, PPV:74.2%and NPV:89.6%. We have developed a risk probability score to predict the presence or risk of OC in OPMD patients. We established a salivary miRNA signature that can aid in diagnosing and predicting OC,revolutionising the management of patients with OPMD. Together, our results shed new light on the management of OC by salivary miRNAs to the clinical utility of using miRNAs derived from saliva samples.

Magnetic and electrical transport properties in GdAlSi and SmAlGe

We conduct a detailed examination of the magnetic and electrical transport properties in GdAlSi and SmAlGe crystals,which possess a LaPtSi-type structure(space group I4_(1)md).The magnetic susceptibility data unambiguously reveal magnetic ordering below a characteristic transition temperature(T_(N)).For GdAlSi,a hysteresis loop is observed in the magnetization and magnetoresistance curves within the ab plane when the magnetic field is applied below T_(N),which is around32 K.Notable specific heat anomalies are detected at 32 K for GdAlSi and 6 K for SmAlGe,confirming the occurrence of magnetic transitions.In addition,the extracted magnetic entropy at high temperatures is consistent with the theoretical value of Rln(2J+1) for J=7/2 in Gd^(3+) and J=5/2 in Sm^(3+),respectively.SmAlGe also exhibits Schottky-like specific heat contributions.Additionally,both GdAlSi and SmAlGe exhibit positive magnetoresistance and a normal Hall effect.