Transported into the Bosom of the Empire？ Rethinking How Arthur Conan Doyle Persuades His Readers of British Imperialism in ＂The Speckled Band＂

Melanie C. Green and Timothy C. Brock have proposed their transportation-imagery model of narrative persuasion. They argue that a narrative can evoke imagery in readers＇ mind and then transport readers into the narrative world the author has created, in the course of which the author can persuade readers of the beliefs he＇s put into the narrative. This paper employs this model to rethink how Arthur Conan Doyle persuades his readers of British imperialism in his ＂The Speckled Band＂. First, this model considers the vividness of the narrative and readers＇ participatory response as key factors in readers＇ transportation. The narratives of ＂The Speckled Band＂ are picturesque, and Sherlock Holmes＇ inferential process has reinforced readers＇ participatory response. On the other hand, detective fiction usually has the theme of how the detective/law and order beats the criminal/chaos. That is, Doyle persuades his readers that the British Empire will prevail in ＂The Speckled Band＂ when Holmes, representing the British imperialism, solves the case and kills Dr. Roylott, who represents the evil and savagery in the British colony. According to Green and Brock＇s model, it simply means that there are two narratives （i.e., one is about how the law of the British Empire is challenged, and the other is about how the British Empire＇s stability is restored）, and two complementary transportations before Doyle can successfully persuades his readers. However, if we closely read ＂＇The Speckled Band＂, we can learn that Holmes, who should have represented British law, is guilty of trespassing or taking the law into his own hands. In other words, the complementarity of the two transportations is compromised. Thus, we can conclude that it is highly questionable whether or not Doyle can transport his readers into the bosom of the British Empire.

Full-color and less-speckled modified Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm computer-generated hologram floating in a dual-parabolic projection system

This Letter proposes to apply full-color computer-generated holograms to the virtual image projection system so that the viewers can comfortably view floating images. Regarding the spatial division and distribution operation,a modified Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm is used for acquiring the phase infographics, which are input into the spatial light modulator for the reconstructed projection. Such a virtual image projection system could reach the vertical angle of view of 15°–75° and the horizontal angle of view 360°, and the mixed-light modulating proportion contains a 3 m W red light laser, a 2 m W green light laser, and a 2.6 m W blue light laser to achieve the full-color mixed-light proportion with a speckle contrast of 6.65%. The relative diffraction efficiency and root mean square error of the reconstructed image are 95.3% and 0.0524, respectively.

Application of three-dimensional speckle tracking technique in measuring left ventricular myocardial function in patients with diabetes

BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy is considered as a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus(DM).Therefore,early detection of left ventricular systolic function(LVSF)damage in DM is essential.AIM To explore the use of the three-dimensional speckle tracking technique(3D-STI)for measuring LVSF in DM patients via meta-analysis.METHODS The electronic databases were retrieved from the initial accessible time to 29 April 2023.The current study involved 9 studies,including 970 subjects.We carried out this meta-analysis to estimate myocardial function in DM compared with controls according to myocardial strain attained by 3D-STI.RESULTS Night articles including 970 subjects were included.No significant difference was detected in the left ventricular ejection fraction between the control and the diabetic group(P>0.05),while differences in global longitudinal strain,global circumferential strain,global radial strain,and global area strain were markedly different between the controls and DM patients(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The 3D-STI could be applied to accurately measure early LVSF damage in patients with DM.

Mechanical behavior of 2G NPR bolt anchored rock samples under static disturbance loading

The deep mining of coal resources is accompanied by severe environmental challenges and various potential engineering hazards.The implementation of NPR(negative Poisson's ratio)bolts are capable of controlling large deformations in the surrounding rock effectively.This paper focuses on studying the mechanical properties of the NPR bolt under static disturbance load.The deep nonlinear mechanical experimental system was used to study the mechanical behavior of rock samples with different anchored types(unanchored/PR anchored/2G NPR anchored)under static disturbance load.The whole process of rock samples was taken by high-speed camera to obtain the real-time failure characteristics under static disturbance load.At the same time,the acoustic emission signal was collected to obtain the key characteristic parameters of acoustic emission such as acoustic emission count,energy,and frequency.The deformation at the failure of the samples was calculated and analyzed by digital speckle software.The findings indicate that the failure mode of rock is influenced by different types of anchoring.The peak failure strength of 2G NPR bolt anchored rock samples exhibits an increase of 6.5%when compared to the unanchored rock samples.The cumulative count and cumulative energy of acoustic emission exhibit a decrease of 62.16%and 62.90%,respectively.The maximum deformation of bearing capacity exhibits an increase of 59.27%,while the failure time demonstrates a delay of 42.86%.The peak failure strength of the 2G NPR bolt anchored ones under static disturbance load exhibits an increase of 5.94%when compared to the rock anchored by PR(Poisson's ratio)bolt.The cumulative count and cumulative energy of acoustic emission exhibit a decrease of 47.16%and 43.86%,respectively.The maximum deformation of the bearing capacity exhibits an increase of 50.43%,and the failure time demonstrates a delay of 32%.After anchoring by 2G NPR bolt,anchoring support effectively reduces the risk of damage caused by static disturbance load.These results demonstrate that the support effect of 2G NPR bolt materials surpasses that of PR bolt.

Laser speckle contrast imaging to predict the effect of temporary spinal cord stimulation in postherpetic neuralgia patients: A prospective observational study

Temporary spinal cord stimulation(tSCS)can effectively reduce the pain and severity of postherpetic neuralgia(PHN).However,there are no effective and objective methods for predicting the effects of tSCS on PHN.Laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI)is frequently used in neurology to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.To assess the accuracy of LSCI in predicting the impact of tSCS on PHN,14 adult patients receiving tSCS treatments for spinal nerve-innervated(C6-T2)PHN participated in this observational study.Visual analog scale(VAS)assessments and LSCI bloodflow images of the-ngers were recorded after the tSCS procedure.The results showed that the VAS scores of all patients decreased signi-cantly.Moreover,the bloodflow index(BFI)values were signi-cantly higher than they were before the procedure.Increased bloodflow and pain alleviation were positively correlated.The-ndings indicated that spinal nerve PHN(C6-T2)was signi-cantly reduced by tSCS.Pain alleviation by tSCS was positively correlated with increased bloodflow in the hand.The effect of tSCS on PHN may thus be predicted using an independent and consistent indicator such as LSCI.

Subclinical impairment of left ventricular myocardium function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with or without hypertension

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease has been the leading cause of morbidity and mortality for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients over the last decade.AIM To determine whether layer-specific global longitudinal strain(GLS)combined with peak strain dispersion(PSD)can be used to assess left ventricle(LV)myocardium systolic dysfunction in T2DM patients or without hypertension(HP).METHODS We enrolled 97 T2DM patients,70 T2DM+HP patients and 101 healthy subjects.Layer-specific GLS and PSD were calculated by EchoPAC software in apical three-,four-and two-chamber views.GLS of the epimyocardial,middle-layer and endomyocardial(GLSepi,GLSmid,and GLSendo)were measured and recorded.Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to detect LV myocardium systolic dysfunction in T2DM patients.RESULTS There were significant differences in GLSepi,GLSmid,GLSendo,and PSD between healthy subjects,T2DM patients and T2DM patients with HP(P<0.001).Trend tests yielded the ranking of healthy subjects>T2DM patients>T2DM with HP patients in the absolute values of GLSepi,GLSmid and GLSendo(P<0.001),while PSD was ranked healthy subjects<T2DM<T2DM with HP(P<0.001).Layer-specific GLS and PSD had high diagnostic efficiency for detecting LV myocardium systolic dysfunction in T2DM patients,however,the area under the curve(AUC)for layer-specific GLS and PSD combined was significantly higher than the AUCs for the individual indices(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Layer-specific GLS and PSD were associated with LV myocardium systolic dysfunction in T2DM patients,T2DM patients with HP.T2DM patients with HP have more severe LV myocardium systolic dysfunction than T2DM patients without HP and normal control patients.The combination of layer-specific GLS and PSD may provide additional prognostic information for T2DM patients with or without HP.

Evaluation of left ventricular systolic function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without peripheral vascular disease

BACKGROUND Peripheral vascular disease(PVD)is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Patients with T2DM have twice the risk of PVD as nondiabetic patients.AIM To evaluate left ventricular(LV)systolic function by layer-specific global longitudinal strain(GLS)and peak strain dispersion(PSD)in T2DM patients with and without PVD.METHODS Sixty-five T2DM patients without PVD,57 T2DM patients with PVD and 63 normal controls were enrolled in the study.Layer-specific GLS[GLS of the epimyocardium(GLSepi),GLS of the middle myocardium(GLSmid)and GLS of the endocardium(GLSendo)]and PSD were calculated.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis was performed to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of LV systolic dysfunction in T2DM patients with PVD.We calculated Pearson’s correlation coefficients between biochemical data,echocardiographic characteristics,and layer-specific GLS and PSD.RESULTS There were significant differences in GLSepi,GLSmid and GLSendo between normal controls,T2DM patients without PVD and T2DM patients with PVD(P<0.001).Trend tests revealed a ranking of normal controls>T2DM patients without PVD>T2DM patients with PVD in the absolute value of GLS(P<0.001).PSD differed significantly between the three groups,and the trend ranking was as follows:normal controls<T2DM patients without PVD<T2DM patients with PVD(P<0.001).ROC analysis revealed that the combination of layer-specific GLS and PSD had high diagnostic efficiency for detecting LV systolic dysfunction in T2DM patients with PVD.Lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol was positively correlated with GLSepi,GLSmid and PSD(P<0.05),while LV ejection fraction was negatively correlated with GLSepi,GLSmid and GLSendo in T2DM patients with PVD(P<0.01).CONCLUSION PVD may aggravate the deterioration of LV systolic dysfunction in T2DM patients.Layer-specific GLS and PSD can be used to detect LV systolic dysfunction accurately and conveniently in T2DM patients with or without PVD.

Advances in the Research Application of Ultrasound Non-Invasive Stress-Strain Loop Technology in Cardiovascular Diseases

The ultrasound pressure-strain loop (PSL) technique is a non-invasive method of examining myocardial work, which takes into account the effect of cardiac afterload on deformation and combines the overall longitudinal strain force of the left ventricle with the changes in the left ventricular pressure, allowing earlier detection of possible subclinical cardiac damage in patients, and a more accurate and non-invasive assessment of the patient’s myocardial work performance. In this article, we will discuss the progress of PSL applications in cardiovascular diseases.

Neuromorphic encryption:combining speckle correlography and event data for enhanced security

Leveraging an optical system for image encryption is a promising approach to information security since one can enjoy parallel,high-speed transmission,and low-power consumption encryption features.However,most existing optical encryption systems involve a critical issue that the dimension of the ciphertexts is the same as the plaintexts,which may result in a cracking process with identical plaintextciphertext forms.Inspired by recent advances in computational neuromorphic imaging(CNI)and speckle correlography,a neuromorphic encryption technique is proposed and demonstrated through proof-ofprinciple experiments.The original images can be optically encrypted into event-stream ciphertext with a high-level information conversion form.To the best of our knowledge,the proposed method is the first implementation for event-driven optical image encryption.Due to the high level of encryption data with the CNI paradigm and the simple optical setup with a complex inverse scattering process,our solution has great potential for practical security applications.This method gives impetus to the image encryption of the visual information and paves the way for the CNI-informed applications of speckle correlography.

海洋SAR图像小波Speckle滤波及边缘信息提取

以海洋SAR图像的speckle滤波和边缘信息提取为研究目标 ,构造了以低通带通窄和时域冲击响应系数分布呈左右对称为特征的小波滤波器。这些特征使该小波滤波器在处理突变信号方面具有优良的特性。应用该小波滤波器 ,采用Wiener滤波算法 ,对海洋SAR图像进行了speckle滤波及采用Prewitt算子对边缘信息进行提取。用几种经典小波基函数采用相同的滤波算法和边缘增强算子进行了处理 ,并将它们的结果进行了对比分析。结果表明 ,虽然小波基函数在用于speckle滤波方面 ,稍逊其它几种经典小波基函数 ,但是在边缘信息保留方面 ,效果要明显优于其他小波基函数。

一种基于相对标准差的SAR图像Speckle滤波方法

通过分析SAR影像的Speckle局部统计特性和现有的空间滤波算法 ,提出了一种新的Speckle滤波方法 ,该方法以局部相对标准差为主要依据 ,采用特殊的滤波窗口邻域划分方法 ,自适应地调整窗口尺寸和窗口内的滤波区域。该方法被用于多幅ERS 1/ 2SAR图像去Speckle处理 ,并与以往的典型算法进行了比较实验 ,取得了令人满意的结果。

一种改进的SAR图像边缘检测方法

针对Ratio边缘提取算法对弱边缘检测效果差 ,边缘定位精度低的缺点 ,提出了一种改进算法用于检测微弱边缘 ,并给出具有CFAR特性的阈值选取办法 实际应用中 ,将两种方法结合为一种综合处理方法 ,对真实SAR图像的处理结果表明 。

小波软阈值算法去除SAR图像中的Speckle噪声

在详细分析了Donoho小波软阈值的基础上 ,应用小波变换技术对SAR图像进行分析处理 .使用“小波局部软阈值算法”来计算阈值 ,对高频小波系数进行阈值确定 .求得估计小波系数 ,对其取小波反变换后 ,去除SAR图像中的Speckle噪声 .实验结果表明此方法对去除Speckle噪声十分有效 。

Microtubule Structure and Male Sterility in a Gene-Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line of Rice, Zhen Shan 97A

Histological changes that occur during microsporogenesis are documented in a gene-cytoplasmic male sterile rice ( Oryza saliva L.) line, Zhen Shan 97A, its maintainer line, Zhen Shan 97B, and the restorer line, Ce64 of a Mine hybrid rice production system. In the restorer line, Ce64, the developing microsporocytes have dense cytoplasm and a distinct set of circumferential microtubules around the nucleus. Successive cytokinesis results in the formation of tetrads. The microtubules within the cells of tetrads and microspores radiate from the surface of the nucleus towards the outer edge of the cytoplasm. Subsequent pollen development is normal. During the course of microspore formation tubulin speckles can be found in the cytoplasm. The general pattern of development and microtubule organization in the maintainer lined Zhen Shan 97B, is similar to Ce64, except that a few more tubulin speckles appear during microspore formation. In the case of the mate sterile line, Zhen Shan 97A, a number of abnormalities can be discerned during early microsporogenesis. These include vacuoles forming within the developing microsporocyte and faintly stained microtubules with no defined distribution pattern. Prominent tubulin speckles are common within the cytoplasm. For those microsporocytes that undergo meiosis, no defined organizational patterns of microtubules can be found within the tetrad. All microspores abort soon after. Abnormalities and defects in microtubule organization observed in Zhen Shan 97A showed that complex interactions between the cytoplasm and the nucleus began at very early stage of microsporocyte development.

基于自适应邻域的超声图像加权中值滤波

提出了一种自适应邻域中值滤波算法 ,用于医学超声内窥镜图像的噪声滤除。该方法以图像象素邻域的灰度方差为阈值 ,进行保持与修复窗口的自适应改变 ,在有效抑制Speckle噪声的同时 ,较好保留了图像的细节信息。对本算法与Loupas提出的加权中值滤波算法进行了比较 ,指出本算法在一定程度上克服了加权中值滤波器的不足并保留了它的优点 ,对超声内窥镜图像的滤噪有较好的效果。

基于CxImage库的SAR图像Speckle噪声抑制

合成孔径雷达图像的相干斑噪声抑制是SAR信息处理中的一个重要环节。经典的Speckle噪声抑制通常作为一个处理模块集成在软件中,但现有软件代码封装无法二次开发。针对文中提出了一种基于开源图像库CxImage的空间域自适应Speckle噪声抑制算法的应用与集成。将CxImage图像库链接入MFC应用程序框架中,利用其图像管理、维护、处理功能对SAR图像进行维护管理,集成多种经典的空间域自适应滤波方法,并以ERS-2卫星的PRISAR数据为例,进行Speckle噪声滤波处理,选取适当的滤波效果评价参数,对滤波结果进行比较,最终得出各滤波算法应用于SAR图像滤波的优劣。

基于非线性加权均值的多方向广义形态滤波算法的Speckle噪声抑制

本文提出了一种新的用于散斑噪声抑制的非线性加权均值多方向广义形态滤波算法。对实际激光雷达图像处理结果表明:本文算法具备了小波阈值算法图像边缘保持好和局部统计滤波算法散斑噪声抑制能力强的优点,在算法复杂度降低的前提下具有了与F.Safa的改进算法(广义并行加权多方向形态滤波算法)相当的效果,即有效地抑制了散斑噪声,又保持了图像的几何结构。

Nuclear domain 10 of the viral aspect

Nuclear domain 10(ND10) are spherical bodies distributed throughout the nucleoplasm and measuring around 0.2-1.0 μm. First observed under an electron microscope, they were originally described as dense bodies found in the nucleus. They are known by a number of other names, including Promyelocytic Leukemia bodies(PML bodies), Kremer bodies, and PML oncogenic domains. ND10 are frequently associated with Cajal bodies and cleavage bodies. It has been suggested that they play a role in regulating gene transcription. ND10 were originally characterized using human autoantisera, which recognizes Speckled Protein of 100 kD a, from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. At the immunohistochemical level, ND10 appear as nuclear punctate structures, with 10 indicating the approximate number of dots per nucleus observed. ND10 do not colocalize with kinetochores, centromeres, sites of mR NA processing, or chromosomes. Resistance of ND10 antigens to nuclease digestion and salt extraction suggest that ND10 are associated with the nuclear matrix.They are often identified by immunofluorescent assay using specific antibodies against PML, Death domainassociated protein, nuclear dot protein(NDP55), and so on. The role of ND10 has long been the subject of investigation, with the specific connection of ND10 and viral infection having been a particular focus for almost 20 years. This review summarizes the relationship of ND10 and viral infection. Some future study directions are also discussed.

New method for measuring high field electrostrictive response of barium titanate/polyurethane elastomer

A new method for measuring the characteristic of electrostriction by a digital speckle correlation method （DSCM） is presented. The in-plane displacement is obtained by using the DSCM, and the out-plane displacement is obtained by the geometrical relation of the triangle theory. In this application, high field electrostrictive strains of barium titanate/polyurethane elastomer composite materials are measured. The electrostrictive strain is evaluated when the application of an electric field is repeated, and then the electrostrictive coefficient of the sample is obtained. To improve the measuring accuracy, the bilinear interpolation of gray value is used to obtain the sub-pixel gray value. The results are compared with those obtained from the surface fitting algorithm. The experimental results demonstrate that the electrostrictive response of polyurethane increases with the introduction of barium titanate into polyurethane. And by using the DSCM, the measurement of the characteristic of electrostriction can be done quickly and accurately. The DSCM provides an effective tool for the evaluation of electrostrictive response.

Speckle噪声滤波算法的研究与设计

针对Speckle噪声的复杂性和真值图像的不可知性,结合奇异值分解和曲面拟合进行了消噪算法的研究与设计.首先对局部图像的奇异值分解结果采用中值滤波进行消噪,其次引入参数修正过程以替代传统的阈值处理方法,最后利用曲面拟合技术恢复局部图像并获得消噪结果.实验表明,与传统的滤波方法相比,从定性和定量方面进行分析,文中算法对Speckle噪声获得了较为满意的结果.