Beyond the scientific progress in assisted reproductive technologies （ART）, it is necessary to discuss the ethical considerations behind these advances. Ethical issues concerning sperm donation have been considered ...Beyond the scientific progress in assisted reproductive technologies （ART）, it is necessary to discuss the ethical considerations behind these advances. Ethical issues concerning sperm donation have been considered and discussed by government and non-governmental agencies, the public, media and academic institutions in many countries. Recommendations and guidelines concerning sperm donation issues vary from country to country and between professional groups within countries. This paper attempts to present an overview of findings and reports from various agencies concerning the ethics of sperm donation. The following topics are considered： limiting the number of donor offspring; minimizing risk of infection and genetics from sperm donors; age requirements for sperm donors; and anonymity versus non-anonymity of sperm donors. The diversity of policies shows that each country has its unique set of guidelines tailored toward its own specific needs. Similarly, countries designing their own procedures and guidelines concerning reproductive medicine must tailor them toward their own needs and practical considerations. In China's Mainland, the anonymous policy for sperm donation should still be carried out, and the number of donor offspring should be revaluated. ART procedures must be conducted in a way that is respectful of those involved. Ethical principles must respect the interests and welfare of persons who will be born as well as the health and psychosocial welfare of all participants, including sperm donors.展开更多
目的探讨重庆市在校大学生精液常规参数与精子DNA损伤水平之间的关联性。方法 2014年6月招募的重庆大学生男性生殖健康调查(male reproductive health in Chongqing college students,MARHCS)队列639名健康大学生,手淫法采集精液样本,...目的探讨重庆市在校大学生精液常规参数与精子DNA损伤水平之间的关联性。方法 2014年6月招募的重庆大学生男性生殖健康调查(male reproductive health in Chongqing college students,MARHCS)队列639名健康大学生,手淫法采集精液样本,用计算机辅助精子分析系统(Computer-aided sperm analysis,CASA)进行精液常规分析,采用Diff-Quick试剂盒检测精子形态,采用单细胞凝胶电泳(彗星实验)检测精子DNA损伤,采用Spearman相关分析探讨精子DNA损伤与精液常规参数间的关联性。结果大学生人群精液常规各指标(中位数):精液量为3.6 m L,精子密度为52.0×106/m L,精子总活力为89.4%,前向运动精子百分率为57.0%,精子正常形态率为21.3%。精子DNA损伤(彗星实验指标)水平:尾部DNA含量百分比(Tail DNA%)为19.4%,尾长(tail length,TL)为35.7 pixels,彗星长(comet length,CL)为81.6 pixels,尾距(tail moment,TM)为7.6,Olive尾距(olive tail moment,OTM)为6.3。经Spearman相关性分析,精子密度与Tail DNA%呈负向关联(P<0.05),精子总活力(%)与Tail DNA%、CL、TM、OTM呈负向关联(P值均<0.01),前向运动精子百分率与精子Tail DNA%、CL、TL、TM、OTM呈负向关联(P值均<0.05)。结论重庆市大学生精子密度、精子总活力、前向运动精子百分率均与精子DNA损伤呈负向关联。展开更多
目的:分析合格志愿者捐精有效性,为提高精子库效益提供依据。方法:对重庆市人类精子库2015年4月至2019年6月440例合格志愿者捐精情况进行分析,统计其捐精情况、捐精不合格原因及精液细菌培养结果。结果:440例合格志愿者中,合格后未进行...目的:分析合格志愿者捐精有效性,为提高精子库效益提供依据。方法:对重庆市人类精子库2015年4月至2019年6月440例合格志愿者捐精情况进行分析,统计其捐精情况、捐精不合格原因及精液细菌培养结果。结果:440例合格志愿者中,合格后未进行捐精11例(2.50%),合格后多次捐精不成功而淘汰28例(6.36%),完成捐精流程397例(90.2%),最后1次捐精结束后6个月未进行HIV复查4例(0.91%);完成捐精流程的397例志愿者共捐精2965例次,合格2159例次(72.8%),不合格806例次(27.2%),其中精子浓度、活力不达标684例次(23.1%),精液体积小于2 ml 33例次(1.11%),精液液化异常14例次(0.47%),精液细菌培养不合格75例次(2.53%)。结论:精液质量不达标是影响捐精效果的主要因素,人类精子库工作人员应重视首次接待,过程中加强沟通,消除顾虑,同时加强保健指导,预防污染,提高捐精成功率。展开更多
文摘Beyond the scientific progress in assisted reproductive technologies （ART）, it is necessary to discuss the ethical considerations behind these advances. Ethical issues concerning sperm donation have been considered and discussed by government and non-governmental agencies, the public, media and academic institutions in many countries. Recommendations and guidelines concerning sperm donation issues vary from country to country and between professional groups within countries. This paper attempts to present an overview of findings and reports from various agencies concerning the ethics of sperm donation. The following topics are considered： limiting the number of donor offspring; minimizing risk of infection and genetics from sperm donors; age requirements for sperm donors; and anonymity versus non-anonymity of sperm donors. The diversity of policies shows that each country has its unique set of guidelines tailored toward its own specific needs. Similarly, countries designing their own procedures and guidelines concerning reproductive medicine must tailor them toward their own needs and practical considerations. In China's Mainland, the anonymous policy for sperm donation should still be carried out, and the number of donor offspring should be revaluated. ART procedures must be conducted in a way that is respectful of those involved. Ethical principles must respect the interests and welfare of persons who will be born as well as the health and psychosocial welfare of all participants, including sperm donors.
文摘目的:分析合格志愿者捐精有效性,为提高精子库效益提供依据。方法:对重庆市人类精子库2015年4月至2019年6月440例合格志愿者捐精情况进行分析,统计其捐精情况、捐精不合格原因及精液细菌培养结果。结果:440例合格志愿者中,合格后未进行捐精11例(2.50%),合格后多次捐精不成功而淘汰28例(6.36%),完成捐精流程397例(90.2%),最后1次捐精结束后6个月未进行HIV复查4例(0.91%);完成捐精流程的397例志愿者共捐精2965例次,合格2159例次(72.8%),不合格806例次(27.2%),其中精子浓度、活力不达标684例次(23.1%),精液体积小于2 ml 33例次(1.11%),精液液化异常14例次(0.47%),精液细菌培养不合格75例次(2.53%)。结论:精液质量不达标是影响捐精效果的主要因素,人类精子库工作人员应重视首次接待,过程中加强沟通,消除顾虑,同时加强保健指导,预防污染,提高捐精成功率。
